Alkaline Alcoholic Solution Research Articles

T-shaped CH···π and antiparallel π···π interactions of metronidazole benzoate and phenyl supporting paddle-wheel manganese(II) and zinc(II) carboxylate complexes: Structural, spectroscopic, and theoretical studies

The interaction and mixing of MnCl2·4H2O with 4-methylbenzoic acid (pMeBz) (1) or ZnSO4·7H2O with phenoxylacetic acid (HPOA) (2) in alkaline alcoholic solution at room temperature, in the presence of metronidazole benzoate afforded novel paddle-wheel complexes. The complexes have been characterized by single crystal Xray diffraction (SCXRD) and spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, NIR-Vis-UV). Both complexes exhibit weak hydrogen bonds and π···π interactions, which impact the isolated molecule arrangement for optimal packing. The crystal packing of these complexes is dependent on π···π interactions. In the manganese complex, parallel and T-shaped benzene···imidazole stacking dominates, while the zinc complex utilizes antiparallel π···π interactions involving the metronidazole benzoate. A π-hole interaction, π(CC)···π*(CO), with a π(CC)···π*(CC) transfer primarily drives the benzoate dimers formation. An additional antiparallel imidazole···imidazole dimer contributes to this crystal assembly. These findings highlight these metal complexes' interplay of electronic structure, electrostatics, and noncovalent interactions. The insights gained from this study can pave the way for designing functional materials with targeted properties by tailoring ligands to exploit specific interactions.

Recycling Bonded Nd-Fe-B Magnet Wastes by Chemical Reaction and Its Mechanism.

The difficulty of short-process bonded Nd-Fe-B magnet waste recycling lies in the effective removal of the cured polymer matrix while protecting the magnetic powder. In this study, the polymer matrix in bonded Nd-Fe-B magnet waste was destroyed using sodium hydroxide ethanol solution, and the effect of the recycling process on the magnetic powders was studied. The nonmagnetic polymer matrix was removed, while the magnetic phase was not destroyed. The carbon and oxygen contents of the recycled magnetic powders decreased by 92.96 and 89.30%, respectively, while the MS (saturation magnetization), Mr (remanence), and Hcj (coercivity) values of the recycled magnetic powders were 99.8, 98.5, and 95.9% of the original magnetic powders, respectively. The curing and decomposition processes of the polymer matrix were also analyzed. During the curing process, dicyandiamide and bisphenol A epoxy resin acted as bridges and skeletons, respectively, finally forming a thermosetting three-dimensional network structure. In the alkaline alcohol solution, the bridges and skeletons were destroyed by the free hydroxyl groups and free hydrogen radicals in ethanol, and small molecular products were dissolved in the solution.

Effect of temperature on the current-voltage characteristics of PdFe/Cu and NiCo/Cu bimetallic catalysts in alkaline alcohol electrolytes

The temperature rise effect on the electrochemical activity of catalysts on a copper substrate in alkaline alcohol solutions has been studied. The object of research was bimetallic PdFe/Cu and NiCo/Cu catalysts obtained by galvanic deposition on a copper substrate. The studies were carried out in immiscible liquids EtOH + K2HPO4 + H2O. The upper phase in this system of liquids is aqueous solutions of ethanol (“alcohol layer”), the lower phase is aqueous solutions of dipotassium phosphate K2HPO4 (“salt layer”). It was found that elevate temperature from 20°C to 60°C improve the activity of all catalysts. It was found that the Ni80Co20/Cu catalyst is highly active in the oxidation and reduction of oxygen. The peak of the oxidation current increases 4 times with elevate the temperature up to 40 C, and 14 times with elevate temperature up to 60 C, compared with currents at a temperature of 20 C. The Pd90Fe10/Cu catalyst is active in relation to the oxidation of ethanol. Elevate the electrolyte temperature from 20°C to 40°C increase in the oxidation current by a factor of 1.4, and from 20°C to 60°C by a factor of 3.3. The maximum cathode current at the peak of recovery exceeds the maximum anode current at the peak of oxidation at 40°C by 1.83 times, and at 60°C by 1.15. This indicates a good regeneration of the electrode surface and the absence of oxide films and ethanol oxidation products on its surface. It was concluded that, despite the ambiguous effect of temperature on the processes occurring in the system, the improvement in the characteristics of the studied catalysts can be explained by the improvement in the processes of ethanol oxidation and improved mass transfer of the reagents.

Synthesis, characterization, cytotoxic, and computational studies of new complexes (copper and cadmium)

A novel 2- [-2-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazolyl) azo] -5-dimethyl amino benzoic acid was synthesized from 2-amino-4,5- dimethyl thiazole. The azo ligand was obtained by the diazotization of 2-amino-4,5- dimethyl thiazole and coupling with 3-dimethyl aminobenzoic acid in an alkaline alcoholic solution. The compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods such as 1H, 13C NMR, UV–Vis, FT-IR, mass spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. In addition, standard characterization techniques including elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, molar conductivity, and FESEM were employed for characterization. These studies revealed octahedral geometries around the Co(III) and Cd(II) ions. The prepared compounds were screened for bioactivity against Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, and Penicillium. sp. MTT assay demonstrated that the synthesized compounds had excellent anticancer activity against the breast carcinoma cell lines (MCF-7), proposing them as a suitable candidate for future anticancer therapies. Docking was also employed to evaluate the cancer cells' physical properties and the inhibitory action of the synthesized compounds against the cancer cells.

Synthesis, Characterization, DFT and Antibacterial, Azo Ligand Derived From 2-Amino pyrimidine With Antipyrine Mixed ligand Complexes involving 1,10- phenanthroline

A new heterocyclic ligand (1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4-(pyrimidin-2- yldiazenyl)-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one, was synthesized by the diazotization of 2- (chlorodiazenyl)pyrimidine, and coupling with antipyrine to produce a new azo dye in an alkaline alcoholic solution under optimized experimental conditions (Azo-pyrm-Ap) (pyrimidin-2-yldiazenyl) ligand. and react with 1,10-phenanthroline, Ferric(II), Cobalt(II), Nickel(II), Copper(II), Zink(II), and Merrcury(II) ions were used to build the structure of mixed-ligand Tatradentate complexes. They confirmed all that by 1H- NMR,UVevisb, Fesem, XRD (DSC-TG) thermal analysis, Inferred- IR Magnetic susceptibility, The(C.H and N) analysis, molar conductance, and atomic absorption are all examples of spectroscopic techniques. The isolated solid complexes have been to have identified the formula in general [M (L)(phen) Cl] and [M (L)(phen)(H2O)] Cl, For prepared complexes, conductivity measurements revealed a [1:1] electrolyte. for Fe(II) and non-electrolyte for the Ni(II), Co(II), Zn(II), Cu(II), and, Hg(II) complexes. assemblages According to the spectral and analytical results, this ligand acts as a Bidentate chelating agent, with all metal ions having a coordination number of six. Finally, biological activity of the synthesized ligand and metal complexes against bacterial species was evaluated., Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram positive bacteria, and Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aereuguinosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniaea are Gram negative bacteria. and it was found that these compounds have different inhibitory activity on bacteria growth.

Synthesis and spectral characterization of new azo dye derived from benzimidazole and its complexation with selected transition metal ions

The preparation and spectral characterisation of 2-[6-(benzimidazolylazo)] as an organic heterocyclic azo dye compound containing benzimidazole. The reaction of benzimidazole diazoniumbromid with 2,4-dibromo phenol in alkaline alcoholic solution yielded -2,4-dibromo phenol (BIADBrP). Spectral analyses have been used to study the structure of the azo dye ligand such as H1NMR, mass spectrum,IR, UV-Vis and element analysis. New six complexes with CO(III), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) ions were prepared and identification by several physiochemical techniques; such as C.H.N element, magnatic susceptibility, atom absorption, molar conductivity, IR and electronic spectra. The used techniques showed the formation of all complexes 1:2 [M:L] complexes and suggested octahedral geometry with d2sp3 hybridization of Co(III) and sp3d2 with residulechelat complexes. The coordination number of the metal ion is found to be six with binding through the phenolate O, azo N3 and with the imidazole N3 atom. The stability, geometrical, and electrical features of metal complexes have also been studied theoretically. The energy levels of the ligand and metal complexes’ high occupied molecular orbital HOMO and low unoccupied molecular orbital LUMO were used to compute electrochemical potential, electrophilicity index, and chemical hardness.

Preparation ,Spectral Characterization ,DFT and Antibacterial of New Azo Ligand Derived From 2-aminoanthracene-9,10-dione With Antipyrine Mixed ligand Complexes involving 1,10-phenanthroline ligand.

Anew azo dye ligand 2-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)diazenyl)anthracene-9,10-dione. was synthesized by the diazotization of 9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-diazonium chloride, and coupling with Antipyrine in alkaline alcoholic solution under suitable optimized experimental conditions to yield a new azo dye (Azo-Anthq-Ap) 2-(diazynyl)anthracene-9,10-dione 4-Antipyrine ligand and react with 1,10-phenanthroline,The structure of mixed-ligand Tetradentate its complexes was prepared from Ni(II), Fe(II) Cu(II) ,Co(II) , Zn(II), and, Hg(II) ions. They confirmed by UV-visb,XRD, (TG, DSC) thermal analysis. FT-IR , 1HMNR spectroscopic methods magnetic susceptibility, elemental analysis, atomic absorption, and molar conductance. The isolated solid complexes are found to have the general formula [M (L)(phen) Cl2] and [M (L)(phen)(H2O)Cl] Cl, conductivity measurements for prepared complexes showed [1:1] electrolyte for Fe(II), and non-electrolyte for the Ni(II), Cu(II),Co(II) Zn(II), and, Hg(II) complexes. The spectral and analytical data revealed that this ligand behaves as a Bidentate chelating agent and coordination number of all metal ions were found to be Six Shape. Finally The synthesized Ligand and metal complexes were screened for their Antibacterial activity against bacterial species, one Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and three Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aereuguinosa and Klebsiella pneumoniaea. and, it was found that these compounds show different activity of inhibition on the growth of the bacteria.

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity Studies of Cadmium (II) Complex Derived from Azo Ligand 2-[2\\-(5-Bromo Thiazolyl) Azo]-5-Dimethyl Amino Benzoic Acid

This study focuses on the synthesis of the 2-[2\\-(5-bromo thiazolyl) azo]-5-di-methyl amino benzoic acid (5-BrTAMB) and Cd(II) coordinate complex. Diazotization by 2-amino-5-bromo thiazole and mixation by an alkaline alcohol solution of the 3-dimethyl amino benzoic acid. Various analytical techniques, including 1H-NMR, mass spectral, FT-IR spectra, UV-Vis, elemental analysis (C.H.N.S), measurement of electrical conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, TGA, XRD data and SEM spectra support azo ligand structures and their metal complex. The ligand is the trident N, N, O donor and forms the ML2 [metal-ligand] stoichiometry complex. Cd(II)-complex is found to have exhibited octahedral geometry. The ligand and its metal complex were screened against A. Niger for their antifungal activity and antibacterial activity against S. Aurores and E. Coli.

New Thiazolyl Azo Ligand and Its Co(III), Cd(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, Cytotoxic and Computational Studies

A novel 2- [-2-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazolyl) azo] -5-dimethyl amino benzoic acid) was synthesized from 2-amino-4,5- dimethyl thiazole. The azo ligand was obtained by the diazotization of 2-amino-4,5- dimethyl thiazole and coupling with 3-dimethyl amino benzoic acid in an alkaline alcoholic solution. Compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods such as (1H, 13C NMR, UV–Vis, FT-IR) mass spectra, and XRD diffraction. In addition to, standard characterization techniques that including elemental analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis, molar conductivity, and FESEM. These studies revealed octahedral geometries around the Co(III) and Cd(II) ions. The prepared compound was a screen for their bioactive such as streptococcusEscherichia coli, and Penicillium.sp. Moreover, Anticancer activity of the new ligand and Co complex was tested against breast carcinoma cell (MCF-7) cell lines by MTT assay and results revealed that the synthesized complex exhibited a good anticancer activity a promising candidate for future anti-cancer drugs. Also, the theoretical section was used to determine the physical characteristics and inhibitory activity of cancer cells via docking.

Synthesis and characterization of some metals complexes with new heterocyclic azo dye ligand 2-[2- - (5- Nitro thiazolyl) azo]-4- methyl -5- nitro phenol and their biological activities

A series of Cu(II), Fe(III), Pb(II), Mn(II) metals complexes have been synthesized with the new thiazole azo dye containing tridentate [N.N.O] donor ligand 2-[2− -(5-nitro thiazolyl) azo]-4-methyl-5-nitro phenol (5-NTAMNP) derived from 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole and 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol by the diazotization operation and the adizonium chloride salt solution of 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole reacting with 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol as a coupling compound in alkaline alcoholic solution. The structures of synthesized novel ligand was identified and confirmed via resorting to various spectroscopic techniques which included, 1H NMR, Mass spectrum, UV–visible, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-Rays diffraction (XRD), the surface nature and morphology and size average and elemental composition of individual ligand particles were examined using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) coupled with an energy dispersive X-ray system (EDX), in addition to above the physical properties of ligand have been studied via check its melting point and the purity of the ligand also was checked by TLC in presence of a certain solvent system. As for the consistency positions available in (5-NTAMNP) and the manner of its association with these metallic ions it’s likely that the pattern of complexity as a tridentate chelating agent with the formation of a coordination number for all metallic ions found equal to six and have Octahedral shape for all metallic ion. The optimal condition for complexation have been studied, the prepared metallic complexes were identified via UV–visible & FT-IR spectra. All metallic complex and (5-NTAMNP) ligand were screened for their biological activities.

One-step synthesis of fluorescent organic nanoparticles: The application to label-free ratiometric fluorescent pH sensor

In this work, we develop a facile one-step synthesis method of poly(3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) (poly(DOPA)) fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONPs) by polymerization of DOPA in alkaline alcohol solution under ultrasonic radiation. The morphology and size of poly(DOPA)-FONPs are dependent on the synthesis conditions, such as solvent and alkali concentration. Under the optimized condition, the prepared poly(DOPA)-FONPs possess not only uniform size and morphology, but also strong green fluorescence, good solubility in water and organic solvents. Under excitation of single wavelength, two emission peaks can be clearly observed, which are pH-sensitive. Moreover, the intensity ratio of two emission peaks is linear against pH values from 4.0 to 8.0 in buffer solution. In addition, the pH-sensitive response of the poly(DOPA)-FONPs be free from the influence of various metal ions and biomolecules, indicating the excellent specificity to pH. Further, due to the excellent biocompatibility, the poly(DOPA)-FONPs might also be applied on biological imaging for monitoring intracellular pH. The as-prepared poly(DOPA)-FONPs would be promising to be applied on the low-cost, low-toxic and label-free ratiometric pH sensor.

Synthesis of some transition metal complexes with new heterocyclic thiazolyl azo dye and their uses as sensitizers in photo reactions

A new heterocyclic thiazolylazo dye ligand, 2- [¯2-(4, 5- dimethyl thiazolyl) azo ] -4-Ethoxy Phenol (DMeTAEP), (LH) was synthesized by the diazotization of 4.5-dimethyl thiazolylazonium chloride and coupling with 4- Ethoxy phenol in alkaline alcoholic solution under suitable optimized experimental conditions to yield a new azo dye ligand. The structure of ligand and its complexes was prepared from Co(III), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), Ag (I) and Au(III) ions. They confirmed by XRD, SEM, (TG-DTG) thermal analysis, 1H-NMR,UV–visb, mass and FT-IR spectroscopic methods, elemental analysis, atomic absorption, magnetic susceptibility and molar conductance. The mole ratio [M: L], it was also studied which was 1:1 for Ag (I) and Au (III) complexes and 1:2 The rest of the metal complexes. The isolated solid complexes are found to have the general formula [M (L)2 ] Cln.mH2O, where n = 1, m = 0 when M = Co (III) and n = 0, m = 1 when M = Ni (II), and Hg(II) while n = 0 and m = 0 when M = Cu (II), Zn (II), Cd (II) and ]ML (H2O)] of Ag(I) – complex but Au(III)-complex structural formula was [Au(L)Cl] Cl conductivity measurements for prepared complexes showed 1:1 electrolyte for Co(III(and Au(III) complexes and non – electrolyte the rest of complexes. The spectral and analytical data revealed that this ligand behaves as a tridentate chelating agent and coordination number of all metal ions were found to be six except for Ag (I) and Au (III) which was four. The activities of complexes were examined as sensitizers in the photocatalytic reaction of p-nitro aniline (PNA) which is used as a model of water pollutants.

Ultrasound-based protein determination in maize seeds

The need for a simple and accurate method for protein estimation in alcoholic extracts led to the reexamination of the optimum conditions of a colorimetric assay based on the biuret reaction. Sonication time and the other experimental parameters were optimized after kinetics study on the extraction of either zein or total proteins. Zein extraction and purity were investigated by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, SDS–PAGE electrophoresis, and UV–visible spectrophotometry (UV–vis). A zein assay was proposed, which involves the reaction of copper ions in copper phosphate powder with zein extracted in ethanolic solutions under strong alkaline environment. Furthermore, we extended this procedure to determine total proteins in maize samples simultaneously with their ultrasonic-assisted (US) extraction with an alkaline–alcoholic solution. Proteins in both types of extracts were well characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy. However, the 545nm absorbance of the violet-colored supernatants which is proportional to the protein content was found to be the key parameter of the improved biuret-based protein assay. Comparison of values obtained by this procedure and by Micro-Kjeldahl method was in excellent agreement. A scaled-down procedure agreed well with the standard procedure. Enhanced accuracy and repeatability was found in protein determination in maize using the modified biuret method. The optimization of reagent concentrations and incubation times were studied as well.

Synthesis and spectral characterization of new azodyederived from benzimidazole and its complexation with selected transition metal ions.

The preparation and spectral characterization of new ligand containing benzimidazole as organic heterocyclic azo dye compound 2-[6-(benzimidazolyl)azo]-2,4-di chloro phenol (BIADClP) was prepared by coupling reaction benzimidazole diazonium chloride with 2,4-di chloro phenol in alkaline alcoholic solution. The structure of azo dye ligand has been characterize by spectral studies such as 1H-NMR ,mass spectrum ,FT-IR, UV-Visb. and element analysis. New six complexes with Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) ions were prepared and identification by several physiochemical techniques; such as C.H.N element, magnatic susceptibility, atomic absorption, molar conductivity, IR and electronic spectra. The used techniques showed the formation of all complexes 1:2 [M:L] complexes and suggested octahedral geometry with d2sp3 hybridization of Co(III) and sp3d2 with residule chelat complexes.The coordination number of the metal ion is found to be six with binding through the phenolate O, azo N3 and with the imidazole N3 atom.All complexes that non electrolyte and no conductive species excepted the Co(III)-complexes is 1:1 electrolyte

Direct Electrospinning of Cellulose–Chitosan Composite Nanofiber

AbstractThe direct electrospinning of a non‐derivatized cellulose (Cs)–chitosan (Ch) composite nanofiber is described for the first time. Either of two cellulose preparations from different sources, i.e., cotton (CsC) or bamboo (CsB), is fabricated into composite electrospun non‐woven fabrics (ESNWs) with Ch using the trifluoroacetic acid–acetic acid mixed solvent. The total concentration of Cs + Ch in the mixed solvent is fixed at 4.0 wt.‐% with various Cs/Ch weight ratios of 8:2, 5:5 (Figure shows CsB/Ch‐ESNW), and 2:8, which are fabricated into fine fibers in the Cs/Ch‐ESNWs having average diameters mostly <100 nm. The treatment of the composite fibers with an alkaline–alcohol solution produces the water‐resistant ESNWs, which can retain their fine fibrous network in aqueous environments.

Effects of Thermal Annealing in Nitrogen on Photoluminescence of Sol-Gel Derived ZnO Nanocrystals

The synthesis of ZnO nanocrystals is carried out in alkaline alcoholic solution of zinc acetate dihydrate by sol-gel method. Effects of thermal annealing in nitrogen on photoluminescence (PL) properties of the sol-gel derived ZnO nanocrystals were investigated by PL spectroscopy. With increasing annealing temperature in nitrogen, UV emissions of the ZnO nanocrystals red-shifted from 378 nm to 388 nm while deep-level luminescent bands ranging from 450 to 700 nm with three emission centers at about 502 nm, 538 nm and 602 nm are enhanced, and the green luminescent band gains its intensity at the expense of the yellow and orange luminescent bands. Our results have demonstrated that the origin yellow-green color PL was tuned towards the cyan color PL with increasing the thermal annealing temperature in nitrogen from 344 oC to 813 oC.

Preliminary Research on Extract Ferulic Acid from Wheat Bran by Ultrasonic-Assisted Alkaline-Alcohol Hydrolysis

Extracting Ferulic Acid from wheat bran by ultrasonic-assisted alkaline-alcohol hydrolysis.Bran removed part of starch and protein by amylase and protease,using ultrasonic and different concentrations of alkaline-alcohol solution to prepare ferulic acid,and then based on the yield of ferulic acid release from wheat bran to determine optimal preparation condition.The optimum conditions are:the concentration of sodium hydroxide 4%,alkaline-alcohol volume ratio of 2:1,ultrasonic temperature 80°C,ultrasonic power 200w,solid-to-liquid ratio 1:12,ultrasonic time of 30min,under this conditions the average extraction yield is 3.1mg/g

Application of 29Si NMR spectroscopy to study of alkaline aqueous and alcoholic tetraoctylammonium (TOA) silicate solutions

29Si NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool for studying the silicate species existing in aqueous and non-aqueous solutions. In the present work, 29Si NMR spectroscopy is used to characterize the species present in alkaline alcoholic solutions of silicates. Tetraoctylammonium (TOA) hydroxide is used as a template. The effects of polymerization/depolymerization of silicate anions on alkaline alcoholic solutions are investigated using different alcohols (methanol, 1-propanol, 1,3-propane-diol, and glycerin) by 29Si NMR spectroscopy. The esterification of monomeric silicate, Si(OH) 4, in the presence of different alcohols is also studied. Esterification of Si(OH) 4 depends on the alkyl chain as well as the number of hydroxyl groups present in the alcohol.

29Si NMR Spectroscopy Investigation of Alcoholic Phenyltrimethyl Ammonium Silicate Solutions

29Si NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool for studies of the silicate species existing in both aqueous and non-aqueous solutions. In this report 29Si NMR spectroscopy was used to characterize species present in alkaline alcoholic silicate solutions. Phenyltrimethylammonium (PTMA) hydroxide was used as a base. The effects of polymerization/depolymerization of silicate anions in alcoholic alkaline solutions were investigated with different alcohols by 29Si NMR spectroscopy. The esterification of monomeric silicate, Si(OH)4, in the presence of different alcohols was also studied. Esterification depends on the alkyl chain as well as number of hydroxyl groups in the alcohol.

Aluminum-27 NMR studies of alcoholic (2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium aluminate solutions

27Al NMR spectroscopy is a power tool for investigation of the aluminate species existing in both aqueous and non-aqueous solutions. Aluminum-27 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy also can be used to determine thermodynamic properties of complexes in the solution. In this report, 27Al NMR spectroscopy was used to characterize species present in alkaline alcoholic aluminate solutions. (2-Hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium (2-EHTMA) hydroxide was used as base. In solution of CH 3OH and H 2O in a mole ratio of 64:1 it was possible to detect five signals by aluminum-27 NMR, indicating formation of [Al(OH) 4− n (CH 3OH) n ] ( n−1)+ ( n = 0,1, 2, 3 and 4) species. Aluminum-27 NMR spectroscopy has also used for investigation of the species present in the ethanolic 2-HETMA aluminate solutions. The equilibrium constants for the formation of aluminate complexes were also determined for both methanolic and ethanolic aluminate solutions. Aluminum-27 NMR spectra of propanolic and butanolic 2-HETMA aluminate solutions were also studied.