AI Robots Research Articles

The Research Advance in Ethical Issues of AI Application

The topic of AI has become more and more discussed ever since the release of ChatGPT, as its astonishing intelligence has made humans to challenge the boundary. This vagueness then contributes to the emergence of discussions on the ethics of AI. Aiming to clarify the many current academic discussions on the ethics of artificial intelligence and to recognize different ethical perspectives, this study conducts a literature review of the research and discussions among different scholars on ethical issues in the application of artificial intelligence technologies. It is found that the current relevant discussion extends from a micro perspective emphasizing the individual to a macro perspective emphasizing the human race. Research advances on ethical issues in AI applications can be categorized into three levels: personal, social, and global. Among which, the individual level focuses on the ethical issues in algorithmic logic and user data management. The social level focuses on the social employment and public accountability systems. While the global level discusses intellectual property disputes and the social identity of AI robots. Finally, the author gave an evaluation of the gaps and challenges of studying AI ethics and emphasize the importance of addressing ethical issues in AI development and deployment. The paper aims to serve as information for scholars and policymakers, fostering ethical awareness in the AI research community and helping AI technologies to be developed and used responsibly.

AI robots pioneer the Smarter Inclusive Society

This paper outlines a project aimed at realizing a “Smarter Inclusive Society” by 2050 through the integration of AI robots into various public facilities. Led by the Cabinet Office’s “Moonshot Research and Development Program,” the project focuses on developing Adaptable AI-enabled Robots that enhance self-efficacy by supporting users’ abilities while maintaining their sense of independence. Key to the project is the Robotic Nimbus, a soft and flexible robot designed to provide tailored assistance while preserving user agency. The concept of “Adaptable AI-enabled Robots” is introduced to ensure versatility in accommodating user needs and preferences. In addition to physical assistance, the project emphasizes creating engaging experiences through activities like dance and sports, fostering excitement and inclusivity. Collaborations, such as the “Yes We Dance!” performance, demonstrate the potential of AI technology in enhancing rehabilitation opportunities and promoting social participation. By 2050, the project aims to establish a society where AI robots contribute to mental, physical, and social wellbeing, empowering individuals to engage in independent activities and fostering a vibrant, inclusive community. This paper is a compilation of articles/papers/presentations previously presented on the Moonshot Hirata project.

Is human perception of AI robots introducing a new type of bias?

Is human perception of AI robots introducing a new type of bias?

Can I trust my AI friend? The role of emotions, feelings of friendship and trust for consumers' information-sharing behavior toward AI

Research background: AI devices and robots play an increasingly important role in consumers’ everyday life, by accompanying the consumer all day long. This presence has several utilitarian and social benefits, but at the same time the optimal functioning of AI requires personal information from the consumer. Purpose of the article: Starting from the premise that people share more information with friends, we have tested empirically whether an emotional behavior of AI can evoke the same emotions in the relationship between consumers and their AI devices, leading to a higher self-disclosing behavior. Methods: To validate the proposed hypotheses, three mediation models were tested using structural equation modelling in Smart-PLS 3.3.3, based on data collected with the help of an online survey. Findings & value added: We prove empirically that AI’s emotional behavior can increase consumers’ trust, it can evoke feelings of friendship and it can determine a higher perceived control over the shared private information, thus leading to lower perceived threats regarding the consumers’ vulnerability and exposure related to sharing of private data. These results have important implications for designing consumer-AI interactions.

Capitalized Pollution and Inhabitability Critique in Kazuo Ishiguro’s Klara and the Sun

ABSTRACT This article delves into the environmental consciousness and criticism present in Kazuo Ishiguro’s eighth novel Klara and the Sun. Ishiguro depicts AI robots reliant on solar energy, with smoke being a significant obstacle for both these robots and humans to obtain sufficient sunlight for survival. This allegorical metaphor is revealed through the perspective of the naïve narrator, Klara, who notes that the source of smoke is the capitalized Pollution emitted from the Cootings Machine, a prototype of steam engine. By associating the novel with British environmental history, this article investigates Ishiguro’s representation and reflection of pollution, employing modernity theories on the environment by Ulrich Beck, Anthony Giddens, Bruno Latour, and Timothy Morton. I argue that the novel not only inherits the British literary tradition of smoke representation since the era of Romanticism, but also imbues this literary motif with new meanings in posthuman society. By doing so, Ishiguro critiques the human behaviors that have challenged the well-being of both planet Earth and all its inhabitants, and urges immediate action to prevent an ultimate uninhabitability of this planet.

Cyber AI Research Trends

Today day to day there is an increase in cyber threat agents who are continuously coming with strategies which will help them evade the usual defences and end up obtaining or compromising vital information. AI use in monitoring tools by now can count among crucial techniques that help business entities to prevent these dangers. The propelled novel algorithms have replaced ‘human-in-the-loop’ method performing actions to assess security threats making the mechanisms much better. Such a piece dives into the area of AI robots that are utilized in threat intelligence, in order for machines to quickly discover all loop holes that attackers could use to break into a network. The application of Artificial Intelligence by businesses can in advance of the attacks, rather than as a response after the event, thwart them by the use of algorithms and predictive analytics to spot patterns of anomalies or suspicious activities. AI-powered models covering neural-network based threat identification to natural language processing belong to the spectrum of solutions implementing machine learning trained on datasets and cutting-edge algorithms. AI-based threat intelligence was presented to public as in line with practical coverage and real life issues and especially through examples. This technical issue might solve the inefficiency of identifying threats soon and thus increase their accuracy once again, in fact, it will use immediate reaction well too, like it used to. An exploration of computer ethics will touch on the topics of cyber security and data handling among others. As for their practical aspects, they have to be derived from moral righteousness founded on inner values. On the other hand, utilizing AI in threat intelligence processes calls for training of skilled workforce who will, in the long run, be able to face not only today’s cyber threats but also the future ones. In the past ten years reacting was the major issue in analysing cyber intelligence. Through the use of machine learning, enterprises across cyberspace can foresee probabilities of the most burdensome situations for them. Thus, making friendly organizations is the work of great threat intelligence in the 21st century

I, Robot have rights! Haven’t I? Conceptual and normative constraints on holding legal positions

This paper investigates whether AI robots can hold legal rights, exploring both conceptual and justificatory aspects of the issue. It distinguishes between two types of inquiries: conceptual (whether robots can have rights) and normative (whether they should). It argues that interest theories are more suitable for addressing the latter, while will theories may seem more suitable to the former but are limited in reaching necessary truths about rights. Grounded in the idea that legal positions are constituted by legal norms, the paper examines the relationship between will as intentional action, investigating its implications for determining who can hold legal positions, and concludes that intentional action is necessary for legal positions involving action (e.g., duties, powers and liberties), while claim-rights or immunities can be conferred upon entities lacking this capacity. At the normative level, it explores reasons justifying the ascription of rights, focusing on the concept of interest. A suggested approach for the normative analysis required involves comparing robots’ interests with those of humans to justify their attribution of rights.

DUV optoelectronic bionic synapse based on the MOCVD-deposited amorphous gallium oxide film

Optoelectronic bionic synapses, integrating sensing and processing capabilities, help to break through the limitations of von Neumann structure and are promising in smart sensors, AI robots etc. fields. Here, we fabricated a deep ultraviolet (DUV) optoelectronic bionic synapse with an amorphous gallium oxide (a-GaOx) film deposited by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). DUV illumination pulses could be facilely written into the bionic synapse, and the written information exhibits non-volatility. By manipulating the illumination pulse number, the pulse width, and the pulse power density, the synapse is capable of transitioning from short-term memory (STM) to long-term memory (LTM), effectively emulating the learning-memory behavior of human brains.

Exploration of Facial Emotion Detection Systems Utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Review

Facial emotion detection systems have witnessed significant advancements, particularly with the utilization of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). This paper provides a thorough survey of such systems, beginning with an introduction to artificial intelligence and the evolutionary trajectory of neural networks, including artificial neural networks (ANNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and CNNs. The paper elaborates on CNNs' architecture and functionality, elucidating key components such as convolutional layers, pooling layers, and fully connected layers, while also spotlighting prominent CNN architectures like AlexNet and ResNet. It delineates the broad scope and diverse applications of facial emotion detection systems across various domains, including marketing research, crowd testing, AI robots, banking, and entertainment. In the literature review section, recent research papers on CNN models for facial expression recognition are synthesized, highlighting variances in datasets, methodologies, and accuracy levels. The paper concludes that CNNs represent the current pinnacle of facial emotion classification techniques, surpassing previous methodologies such as eigenfaces. It underscores the efficacy of deep CNN architectures trained on extensive facial image datasets in proficiently identifying emotions from facial expressions. Moreover, the paper emphasizes the necessity for ongoing endeavors to enhance accuracy, particularly concerning complex emotions like disgust. In essence, CNNs exhibit substantial promise for the development of real-world facial emotion detection systems, heralding a new era of sophisticated emotion recognition technology.

Civil liability for the actions of autonomous AI in healthcare: an invitation to further contemplation

There are already a number of autonomous robots that play a significant role in improving the quality of healthcare in different areas ranging from basic health diagnosis to complex surgeries. However, using robots and machine learning applications in the healthcare context poses concerns over liability for patient injury. This paper will thus attempt to investigate the potential legal problems that might arise if AI technology evolves or is commonly used in clinical practice. It also examines whether the traditional doctrines of liability can adequately address the liability for the injuries stemming from acts of autonomous robots. As such, this paper adopted both descriptive and analytical methodologies to explore the main focus of the study. while the descriptive methodology was used to spot light on various theories of liability, the analytical methodology was used to critically examine the main theories that have been advanced to deal with autonomous robots and predict the necessity of legal reform. Throughout this paper, the authors insist on the importance of distinguishing between robots in light of their degree of autonomy and then drafting liability rules depending on whether the action was done autonomously by an unattended robot or whether it was done automatically by an attended robot. Finally, the paper concludes with the proposal of a series of factors to be considered for the future regulation of AI Robots in the healthcare context.

Academic Education in the Era of Generative Artificial Intelligence

This paper provides a technical review of the Generative AI technology and its challenges and opportunities in the education sector. Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI), presented in some tools such as ChatGPT, has been continuously penetrating our normal lives. It has also attracted several research efforts, from both academia and industry researchers, to solve real-world problems in different applications such as finance and health. Generative AI is indeed a type of Artificial Intelligence that can efficiently "create" a wide variety of information in the form of images, videos, audio, text, and 3D models. Therefore, they can facilitate data analysis and visualization, and enhance personalized and adaptive learning in the education sector. Although instructors and teachers will not be substituted by Generative AI robots completely, education and academic delivery of courses are expected to experience a revolution in the presence of GAI. Similar to other new technologies, serious potential challenges and opportunities are expected in employing GAI in the education sector.

Research on tactile sensation by physical reservoir computing with a robot arm and a Ag2S reservoir

In recent years, physical reservoir computing has attracted much attention because of its low computational cost and low power consumption. In terms of social implementation of artificial intelligence, physical reservoir has a potential to meet the request, such as the need for AI robots to process information related to tactile sensation. It has been reported that a Ag2S polycrystalline thin film retains short-term memory and non-linearity when used as a physical reservoir. In this study, we applied the technique to tactile sensation by combining with a pressure sensor attached to a robot arm. In the object grasping task, a Ag2S physical reservoir enabled the objective recognition with the accuracy of 81.3%, although the task failed with linear regression of the direct output from the pressure sensor. We also demonstrate the potential of the system to detect anomalies in object grabbing.

Margaret Archer’s theory of the human person: an assessment

ABSTRACT Margaret Archer addresses the fundamental question: does society make the human person or does the person make society? This question has gripped all social theory since the beginning of modernity and gave rise to the well-known agency vs structure debate. Archer proposes to overcome this debate by reformulating the problem within an innovative scheme (that of morpho-stasis/morpho-genesis) in which the human person mediates between action and social structure through her own personal reflexivity (internal conversation). The evaluation of this theory highlights the importance of personal reflexivity, but claims the relational character of reflexivity. Overall, the author expresses some reservations about the entire Archerian approach to the human person. The definition of reflexivity, as an individual mental activity, underestimates the role of relationships and social networks, with the risk of providing an individualizing rather than a personalized vision of social agents/actors. This is demonstrated by the fact that in her latest works, Archer also grants personality to sophisticated AI robots. In short, the Archerian theory of the human person is a great contribution, but it should be inserted in a properly relational vision.

Research on the Application of Artificial intelligence and AI Robotics in Product classification using QR code

The article presents the application of artificial intelligence and AI Robots in classifying products using QR codes. The robot's integrated arm allows the picking and sorting of products. Using a high-precision Servo motor, road detection sensor, and an ultrasonic sensor to detect objects and determine distance and coordinate location to perform product selection, monitoring, and receiving operations image format through camera.

Perceived awareness and usefulness of artificial intelligence technology for efficient library operations in university libraries in Kwara State, Nigeria

The integration of artificial intelligence technology in academic libraries has immensely elevated the image of their operations and services to users. This study investigates the perceived awareness and usefulness of artificial intelligence technology for library operations in Kwara State academic libraries. Descriptive survey design was adopted for this study and the population consisted of 108 librarians and paraprofessionals in all university libraries in Kwara State which are University of Ilorin, Kwara State university Malete, Al Hikmah University, Ojaja , University, Eyenkorin, Landmark University, Omu Aran, and Ahmad Pategi University, Patigi. A total enumeration technique was employed and questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. Data collected wewre analysed with frequency counts and simple percentages. Findings revealed that AI Robots, AI chatbots, face recognition technology, virtual references, Humanoids, Dynamed and AI expert systems are the AI technologies the respondents were highly aware of. The respondents perceived the usefulness of AI technologies for efficient library operations such as AI chatbots can be useful for reference services, AI can used for cataloguing and classification of library materials, AI drone surveillance can be used for library security, AI expert search tools for information search, AI can be useful for automating library routines. The findings also revealed the challenges of artificial intelligence technology integration to library operations to includes potential loss of job, high risk of maintenance, inadequate internet service provision, technical problems, epileptic electricity or power supply, and Inadequate ICT facilities for AI technologies. This study concluded that the librarians in university libraries in Kwara State are aware of AI technology and perceived the usefulness of its integration to library operations. It also recommends that AI technologies such as robots, chatbots, and expert systems should be integrated to libraries in other to provide top-notch services to their users.

Bringing Robots Home: The Rise of AI Robots in Consumer Electronics

Bringing Robots Home: The Rise of AI Robots in Consumer Electronics

일본에서 AI 정책결정과 지역과제 해결

The introduction of technology into the local problem-solving process is an opportunity to diversify the means that the region can choose. It will be possible to solve problems with a different response scenario from the conventional one. In this sense, AI and robotics technology will also be a new and efficient means of solving problem. In this paper, we analyze examples from Nagano Prefecture and Hyogo Prefecture, where local data is used to make AI policy decisions. We also analyze examples from the Fukushima region, where AI robots are used to solve local educational problems.
 In the case of Nagano Prefecture, an AI policy proposal was made with the aim of creating a sustainable community until 2050. Nagano Prefecture is implementing a human resource development project to respond to the declining population in the region. It also promotes policies to promote the circulation of local resources. Hyogo prefecture is conducting AI analytics to address regional issues related to the widening regional disparities, declining population, and aging population. AI presents twenty thousand different policy scenarios based on local data. The AI policy decision calls for the development of the health, medical, and nursing systems necessary to extend the healthy life expectancy of people over sixty five by 2040.
 The Fukushima area has faced the challenges of losing its population and raising the level of education in the area since the nuclear disaster. To solve these issues, English and programming education using AI robots is being conducted at a local Center for Early Childhood Education and Care. AI robot classes are highly satisfying not only for children but also for parents. AI robot classes are also effective for AI literacy education.
 In order to ensure the sustainability of any region in the future, it will be necessary to make efficient use of local resources. This analysis shows that the use of AI robotics technology is an effective means of solving the problems faced by the region, and it is also a new means.

A Composite Approach Towards Robot Rights in the Era of AI: Preference, Capability and Social Order

Should we grant rights to highly intelligent AI robots? Traditional approaches related to deontology and utilitarianism cannot adequately argue that robots without consciousness and sentience can be justified as moral patients. An alternative social-relational approach is also limited to the moral standing of robots rather than their legal roles. In response to these issues, this paper provides a rough modified outline of the traditional theories according to the characteristics of current AI robots by further analysing how to grant moral rights and legal rights to robots regarding the human ethical system and human interests. In addition, it is suggested by this paper that a new resource of robot rights, compatibility, can be further integrated into traditional theories to form a composite approach towards robot rights in the era of AI.

The Effect of Baidu’s AI Robots on Human Life Analysis

The Effect of Baidu’s AI Robots on Human Life Analysis

Research on Influence of Digital Media Works on Painting Work

Thanks to the technological revolution, mankind has entered the interactive era. Under the trend of digitalisation, the application of AI robots, meta-universe, ChatGPT, NFT, VR, virtual space and other technologies in creation, the combination of traditional painting and digital media technology not only changes the form of expression of the paintings themselves, but also guides the artist's way of thinking and semantic output in the act of creation, making the artist's The way of expression, media materials, creative stance and the state of the viewer have all undergone significant changes. What many artworks nowadays pursue is not the effect of the picture in the general sense, but the programme and process of the formation of the work. From this point of view, the aesthetic experience focuses on the process of contact between the viewer and the artwork, and the viewer's participation becomes more and more important in reflecting the value of the artwork. With the help of case studies, this article develops from three major points, namely, creative thinking, creative process and expression of works, to analyse the qualities of contemporary digital media art creation, focusing on the role of cultural aesthetics and way of thinking for artists and audiences. Finally, through the self-analysis and summary of the author's works combined with digital media technology.