Agro-industrial Enterprises Research Articles

Information technologies in agriculture of Northern Kazakhstan: advantages, reserves

Ensuring sustainable development of the agrarian sector of the economy requires the integrated use of digitalization technologies. The aim is to show the current trends in the application of information technologies in agriculture in Northern Kazakhstan and to determine the conditions necessary for the introduction of modern digital infrastructure. Methods - system-structural, economicstatistical, comparative analysis, mathematical and system-functional approaches to the study of the use of information and communication technologies by agribusiness of agricultural profile. Results - the authors analyzed the scope of application of digital processes in the region. The factors influencing the use of modern digital technologies in the cultivation of agricultural land have been outlined. The dependence of the application of precision farming elements on the farm size is revealed. The calculation of economic efficiency of reference and information systems of production management is presented. Measures to overcome obstacles and mitigate the limitations of digital transformation in agriculture in the northern territories of the republic are proposed. Conclusions - based on the study it is noted that the spread of digital innovations is from 18 to 55% of the total sown area. When comparing the average land size of economic entities that implement information technologies with other farms, it was found that digital solutions in crop production are primarily available to large and medium-sized agroformations that have the financial capacity and qualified specialists for digitalization. The survey of respondents allowed us to express an opinion on the influence of the size, technical equipment and economic stability of an agro-industrial enterprise on the use of modern farming systems, as well as the level of awareness of agro-entrepreneurs about new technologies. The use of digital platforms in the crop production industry is a key element that contributes to increasing the economic efficiency of the agro-industrial complex.

Integrated evaluation of the functioning quality of robotic agricultural vehicle system

The article proposes to use a method for evaluating the effectiveness (Data Envelope Analysis) of a system of robotic agricultural vehicles, which is based on solving the problem of fractional linear programming when analyzing a set of homogeneous production facilities. This method is used for an integrated assessment of the quality of service of robotic vehicles according to the specified key parameters of functioning. The main parameters of the effectiveness of the system of robotic agricultural vehicles are selected: the coefficient of technical readiness, operational speed, downtime in maintenance and repair, the average daily duration of the car, the average monthly mileage of the vehicle, the remaining life of the car, the unit cost of maintenance and specific cargo displacement. Solving systems of linear equations makes it possible to determine the position of each analyzed object relative to the efficiency boundary in a multidimensional parameter space. The solution of the Bunker-Charnes-Cooper problem has been completed. Sets of target changes in the parameters of robotic cars have been obtained, which transfer objects to the efficiency boundary. The analysis of the parameters is carried out by constructing diagrams of production capabilities in a multidimensional space. For two periods of operation of the robotic vehicle system for an agro-industrial enterprise, the Malmquist index was calculated to assess the dynamics of operational efficiency.

Logical and Situational Analysis of the Possibilities of Innovative Development of the Agroindustrial Sector

The author has identified a low level of innovative development of the agroindustrial complex and the reasons for the delay in its growth in comparison with other industries and types of economic activity in Russia. The consequence is a noticeable trend of changes in the positive dynamics of economic efficiency indicators of agricultural production in the recent past. This trend indicates weakening Russia’s food security. The article considers one of the possible options for import substitution of innovative means of production used in the agroindustrial sector in the conditions of external economic isolation of the country. It implies the participation of the state in supporting the development and assimilation of knowledge embodied in the real economy as well as in the financing of national innovative solutions. The option under consideration has the following features: selection on a competitive basis and priority financing of means of production with a high technological potential, which are most in demand among agroindustrial enterprises; reimbursement of payment for information on the state of the markets for technology, means of production, resources, food, raw materials provided by IT specialists, as well as for making calculations to optimize the structure and volumes of production, product exports and technological training to enterprises. This kind of financial support is provided in addition to the current practice of state compensation for losses to low-profit agricultural businesses. An experimental scheme for making decisions on priority financing of innovations is examined. The creators of these innovations are economic entities with the highest indicators of production activities and a high probability of fulfilling an order for the output of innovative products. The list of indicators includes many quantitative and qualitative characteristics. This means that the problem is classified as one that can be solved by using algorithms of multiple criteria modeling.

Strategic planning: attracting investments in agro-industrial enterprises

Since agriculture is an important sector of the Russian economy, the problem of lack of capital in this industry is still relevant. The article shows that the effective functioning of agricultural enterprises in modern conditions of a dynamic and rapidly changing business environment in the long term depends on the development of new and more advanced approaches to investment planning. The problem of the study is related to the absence or imperfection of strategic management of investment policy at many enterprises in the agricultural sector, which leads to their difficult financial situation, slows down their development and reduces competitiveness. The main purpose of the presented research is to form proposals for improving the strategic planning model by developing and implementing investment strategies of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex (hereinafter referred to as AIC). In the course of the study, a review of domestic and foreign literature has been conducted reflecting the issues of the investment planning. Within the framework of the modern approach to the problem, the following research methods are used in the article: literature analysis, classification, comparative analysis, description, observation, and statistical method. Special attention in the methodology is paid to the digital transformation of the investment activity of the AIC in Russia and the world. The author substantiates that the modern strategy of attracting investments in the AIC enterprises should radically differ from previous approaches and be implemented with consideration to the development of the information technology market. It is necessary that this approach facilitates the transition of the Russian AIC to the formats of “Agriculture 4.0” and “Agriculture 5.0”.

Організаційно-економічні засади диверсифікації структури капіталу підприємств аграрного виробництва

Diversification and changes in the capital structure play an essential role in the agricultural industry’s reform, affecting the country’s productivity, competitiveness, and food security. Optimizing the equity and debt capital ratio helps increase enterprises’ investment attractiveness and financial stability. In this regard, the research aims to define and justify the organizational and economic principles of diversification of the capital structure of agricultural enterprises. The main principles of the transformational processes of the agro-industrial industry, caused by the diversification of the structure of capital forms, have been formed. The advantages of directing the diversification of the capital of enterprises in the direction of the growth of part of the equity capital are substantiated, which include increasing the financial stability of the enterprises of the industry, improving the productivity of production activities, reducing the risks associated with the credit load, increasing the investment attractiveness of enterprises, increasing competitiveness, improving long-term development prospects agricultural industry. The main directions of activating the growth of the equity capital of agro-industrial enterprises are proposed, which include expansion of equity financing, use of financial instruments, implementation of enterprise restructuring, optimization of costs in the direction of reduction, improvement of the productivity of the enterprise’s production activities, introduction of leasing and crowdfunding into financial activities. It is substantiated that the strategy for the development of enterprises in the agro-industrial sector of Ukraine during the crisis should focus on technological restructuring, long-term investments, and capitalization. Improving infrastructure that supports economic growth, job creation, and food security while considering environmental and health concerns plays an important role. Keywords: diversification, equity capital, loan capital, optimization, competitiveness, agricultural production enterprises.

MODERN PROBLEMS OF TRANSFORMATION OF RURAL AREAS AS A FACTOR OF INFLUENCE ON THE MANAGEMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE

Rural areas play a key role in ensuring sustainable development, supporting the national economy, and preserving cultural heritage. Their development and support are important tasks of state policy and business centers. The aim of the article is to study the current problems of rural area transformation as a factor influencing the management of agro-industrial enterprises. The term "rural areas" has been clarified as a complex system that combines economic, environmental, and social aspects, creating conditions for sustainable development and improving residents' quality of life. The carried out research gives grounds to understand the transformation of rural areas as a process of changes that occur in rural areas under the influence of economic, social, technological, and environmental factors. This process includes several aspects that affect the structure, functioning, and development of agro-industrial enterprises in rural areas. The modern concepts of transformation of rural areas are analyzed, and their essence, prominent advantages, and disadvantages in the context of ensuring the efficiency of management of agro-industrial enterprise are clarified. The mentality of the rural population is a key player in the transformation of rural areas. Understanding and considering this mentality is crucial in developing more effective and sustainable strategies for rural area development, which in turn can lead to harmonious growth and improved quality of life in these areas. The formation of stereotypes about rural residents has a profound impact on the transformation of rural areas. It is essential to challenge and rethink these stereotypes, as doing so cannot only improve the perception of agribusiness but also contribute to the sustainable development of rural areas, making them more attractive and economically viable.

Маркетингові комунікації: сутність і завдання для бухгалтерського обліку

Marketing communications is a set of strategic and tactical measures to transfer information from a company to its target audience effectively. They include advertising, PR, digital marketing, and other tools used to build a brand image, stimulate demand for products or services, and maintain customer relationships. A business entity can increase its importance in the market through proper marketing communications, improve its reputation, and achieve competitive advantages. Therefore, proper management of marketing expenses is essential for ensuring financial stability and successful development of the company. At the same time, competent accounting ensures financial and management information clarity and supports strategic planning through accurate cost-benefit analysis. Based on this, the purpose of the study is to summarize the trends in accounting for activities aimed at implementing marketing communications. The following methods were used to conduct the study and to present its results: analysis, synthesis, generalization, specification, and deduction. The graphic method was used to visually present the information. The features of the marketing public relations (MPR) strategy are determined. The composition of marketing costs is considered. The specifics of advertising costs are analyzed. The life cycle of advertising and promotion costs is presented. The scientific novelty of the study is the proposed process of building accounting in the field of marketing communications, which is not a simple reflection of expenses in accounts and reports but includes a list of stages from the registration of expenses to the development of recommendations for making management decisions. The practical significance of the results is that this process can be adapted to the conditions of agro-industrial enterprises’ accurate accounting and management systems. Promising areas for further research are evaluating marketing communications costs in agricultural enterprises, which will improve their market positioning and promote further development. Keywords: marketing communications, advertising, accounting, reporting, marketing expenses.

CONCEPTUAL POLYCOMPONENT MODEL OF AN INNOVATIVE MECHANISM FOR IMPROVING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX ENTERPRISES

The modern agricultural sector is going through a period of intense transformation caused by both internal and external factors. In the context of active globalisation, business entities are forced to withstand fierce competition and therefore need to constantly adapt to the environment. This creates an urgent need for agribusiness enterprises to constantly improve their approaches and mechanisms of operation. Continuous adaptation requires flexibility, innovation and strategic thinking. Changes in the economic, political and technological landscape require businesses to respond quickly to new opportunities and challenges to ensure their competitiveness and sustainability. This constant process of adaptation is becoming a prerequisite not only for success, but also for survival in today's global business environment. The purpose of the article is to develop an innovative mechanism for improving the competitiveness of agribusiness enterprises. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study, which objectively reveals and substantiates the problem of increasing the competitiveness of agro-industrial enterprises using the model of the innovation mechanism, is based on such special and general scientific methods as: monographic, logical-theoretical, statistical and economic-mathematical, visualisation, system analysis, neural network modelling, logical generalisation, abstraction and conclusion formation. The information base of the study was formed by the materials of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, statistical yearbooks, scientific developments of scientists on the defined topic, and financial statements of the studied enterprises. The subject and object basis of the study is the entrepreneurial activity of agricultural enterprises in Vinnytsia Oblast: Agricultural complex "Zelena Dolyna", PJSC "Dashkivtsi", LLC "Selyshchanske", FE "Yavir", FE "IRYNA – O.T". The results of the study have shown that the innovation mechanism, which consists in ensuring the management of innovative development of agribusiness enterprises, involves adjusting the business environment of an economic entity to achieve a cumulative effect from the efficient use of innovative and energy potentials. The paper emphasises that the cumulative effect means that the effect of the interaction of innovation and energy resources exceeds the simple effect of the impact of each of them separately. Practical implications. The authors calculated the indicators of competitiveness of the studied agricultural enterprises of Vinnytsia Oblast; assessed the level of innovation potential of these enterprises; determined the indicators of energy potential. On the basis of the obtained diagnostic results, a fuzzy knowledge base has been formed and a multicomponent decision-making system has been built for various combinations of values of the components of the innovation mechanism.

Managing the Liquidity and Market Stability of Agricultural Organizations

Full economic independence of business structures places special requirements on the financial management quality. Its main task is to ensure self-sufficiency and self-financing as the basis for liquidity and market stability of the business. Taking into account the role of agro-industrial enterprises in the socio-economic development of the region and the specifics of the organization of their activities, coordination of the actions of the state, as the owner of the land, and its lessees in this process is of particular importance. By leasing the most important resource, the goals of the state should be the following: preservation of soil fertility, its effective use, compliance with the optimal structure of crop rotation, ensuring employment of eco-nomically active rural population, ensuring food security in the region, price stability for a socially significant range of food products, and ensuring socio-economic development in general. The article examines the activities of one of the leading agricultural organizations in the region. Its liquidity and market stability were determined, factors that had a negative impact on its activities as a whole were identified.

Attracting investments through crowdfunding platforms as a method for agro-industrial enterprises to enter the international market

Since agriculture is an important sector of the Russian economy, the problem of lack of capital in this sector is still relevant. The article shows that in the era of digital technologies, new sources of fundraising are emerging in the agro-industrial complex. Crowdfunding is one of such modern sources of financing in the world practice which is able to significantly expand the basis of the investment pyramid of the agricultural sector. In the course of the study, a review of domestic and foreign literature on this method of raising funds was conducted. General scientific methods were used: observation, comparison, measurement, analysis and synthesis, the method of logical reasoning, and specific scientific method of static analysis. A critical review of domestic and foreign practice has shown the main advantages and disadvantages of attracting financing through crowdfunding platforms. Also, as a result of the conducted research, it was found that this way of attracting investments not only solves problems of financing the agricultural sector, but is also a successful method for agricultural enterprises to enter foreign markets. In the era of innovative finance, this article contributes to the growing literature and initiatives to introduce and develop crowdfunding in the agri-food industry.

Stochastic analysis, forecasting and programming of innovative activity of the Udmurt Republic agricultural economy

Subject. This article discusses the issues of State support for agro-industrial enterprises, and introduction of new technologies for the agricultural production. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the dependence of the agricultural economy's development on the major factors of innovation activity. Methods. For the study, I used the case, statistical, and abstract-logical research methods. Results. The article proposes certain methodological tools developed to assess the quantitative dependencies of agricultural production volumes on the residual value of fixed assets, volume of investments in fixed assets, and the volume of subsidies and grants in the industry. The livestock industry plays a decisive role in the innovative development of agriculture in the region. Conclusions. When developing State support measures for agriculture, it is necessary to take into account their impact on the factors and results of innovative activities.

РАЗВИТИЕ ИНСТИТУТОВ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ НА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ АПК НА ОСНОВЕ ESG-КОНЦЕПЦИИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАТАРСТАН)

Currently, companies around the world are faced with the task of not only increasing their own efficiency and competitiveness, but also complying with the principles of sustainable development. The relevance of this task is determined by increasing climate change and social problems, which force stakeholders to put forward new demands for environmental responsibility and social commitment of business. The ESG concept is a modern concept of doing business based on the principles of sustainable development. It should be noted that the application of ESG in agribusinesses is particularly specific due to the dual role they play in society and the economy: on the one hand, being large sources of greenhouse gas emissions and consumers of natural resources, on the other hand, ensuring food security and promoting development rural areas. The object of the study is the system of sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Tatarstan. The purpose of the study is to characterize the potential of the ESG concept for the development of sustainable development institutions in the agricultural sector of the Republic of Tatarstan and to identify the most effective practices for strengthening the integration of ESG principles into the activities of agro-industrial enterprises. Research methods: analysis of scientific literature on the topic of ESG and sustainable development in the agro-industrial complex, statistical analysis, general scientific methods. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the analysis of the possibilities of applying the ESG concept at enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Tatarstan, identifying and systematizing factors that promote or hinder sustainable development in this area.

The results of the variety testing of cannabis in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Relevance. In recent years, this crop, which is cultivated in order to obtain oil and fiber, is gradually gaining its abundance, increasing the acreage. In many agro-industrial enterprises, hemp is being introduced into crop rotations, and plants for its processing are being built. This culture plays a huge national economic importance and finds its application in various industries. One of the main elements of cannabis cultivation technology is the use of highly productive varieties.Methodology. The laying of field experiments, related observations and records were carried out in accordance with existing methodological guidelines for conducting field and vegetation experiments with cannabis.Results. The most optimal variety for the conditions of the Southern forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan is the Nadezhda variety. This variety is superior to the others (Vera and Omegadar-1) in terms of quality and quantity. For example, from the 2021–2022 studies on biomorphometric indicators, it follows that Nadezhda achieved the best indicators for: plant height (194.50 cm and 194.33 cm), technical stem length (160.60 cm and 162.45 cm), inflorescence length (33.90 cm and 31.88 cm), stem diameter (0.8–0.9 cm), the number of internodes (8–9 pcs.), the average length of internodes (12.5 cm and 19.87 cm). The weight of 1000 seeds was 17.01 g and 18.10 g, oil content — 32.89% and 33.72%, yield — 0.88 t/ha and 1.71 t/ha. The greatest results in 2022 are associated with agrometeorological conditions.

Variant models for the development of large-scale agroindustrial enterprises, taking into account their specialization and location

The scientific and practical significance of the our variants models lies in the development of tools that allow assessing the effectiveness of using the production potential of a large-scale agroindustrial enterprise, justifying cost standards as indicators of planning target indicators, when developing measures to reduce cost intensity. The presentes variable models will be used in assessing the achieved level of use of production potential, for comparative analysis, as well as for shortand long-term planning agroindustrial complex organizations.

Economic efficiency of using internal land management on the basis of agroindustrial enterprises

The relevance of this study lies in the specific context of the country, where the state plays a crucial role in the development and management of the agricultural sector. With the increasing development of agroindustrial complexes and the need for efficient use of agricultural land, the state has a primary responsibility to ensure optimal utilization of these resources. The purpose of the study is to investigate and compare models of intrafarm land use on the basis of agroindustrial complexes both in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan and in the United States as well as in countries of Asia and the European Union. In the furtherance of this goal, the following methods were used: literature review, SWOT analysis, data analysis, case studies and comparative analysis to examine the land use management (LUM) system in Kazakhstan. Specifically, to identify indicators of the economic efficiency of intrafarm land management, the criterion of national economic efficiency was used by comparing costs and benefits in the adoption of various decisions. The study analysed the operation of the land management mechanism in Kazakhstan and proposed innovative solutions on the basis of successful examples from other countries. The manuscript's contribution to the academic dialogue on sustainable land use can provide valuable information and insights for policymakers and scholars interested in improving land management practices.

Features of the development of the agricultural marketing system using information technologies

Forecasting prices for agricultural products is a complex, end-to-end and dynamic task of agricultural marketing. With constant development and changes in data sources, data types, data quality, data processing methods, model building methods, and model evaluation methods, agricultural price forecasting methods will also be updated and improved. An overview of the use of digital technologies is proposed, leading to profound changes in the functioning of economic factors, including in the agro-industrial complex. The article shows that the digital transformation (digitalization) of the agro-industrial market will lead to a change in the sectoral structure of the agro-industrial complex due to the replacement of traditional industries with new ones based on forecasts obtained using artificial intelligence systems. The paper provides an overview of specialized applied software products that are available on the Internet and are used to analyze financial data. An overview of modern information technologies, which allow convenient processing, systematization and visualization of data, as well as forecasting the movement of asset prices, was carried out. Scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis methods, quantitative and qualitative assessment methods, which were used to determine the content of marketing concepts and its features in the activities of agro-industrial enterprises, as well as the method of source analysis served as the scientific and theoretical basis for deepening the research. When selecting sources for analysis, a search was made in open databases available in the global information network Internet, on the basis of which neural network training was carried out. The main functionalities of the created system are described, including a visual comparison of historical data, price movement forecasting using machine learning, and recommendations on the optimal content of the investment portfolio. The results obtained in the work substantiate the following basic propositions: - digitalization leads not only to technological, but also to organizational transformations in the agro-industrial complex; - the result of digital transformation will be a profound change in the model of the organization of the agro-industrial complex and its role in the national economy; - agribusiness needs to take measures to support the digital transformation of the agro-industrial market and the adaptation of the agro-industrial complex to the new digital system.

Optimising Content in the Distribution of Trade and Agro-Industrial Enterprises through Digital Content Marketing

Optimising Content in the Distribution of Trade and Agro-Industrial Enterprises through Digital Content Marketing

Formation of the financial policy of Russian agro-industrial enterprises in modern conditions

Financial policy plays a key role in the management of agro-industrial enterprises, especially in the context of modern economic dynamics and changes. Currently, companies in the agro-industrial sector of Russia are at the stage of active growth, which is due to the systematic support from the state. There is a steady increase in the flow of investments, an increase in the number of new projects and investor activity. The introduction of Western sanctions led to a reduction in foreign investment due to the unstable political situation, but contributed to growth through import substitution programs. This article will examine how the financial policy of companies is formed as a result of investments in various sectors of agriculture. A fuzzy model for assessing investment risks in an agro-industrial holding for technical equipment using Fuzzy Tech technologies is also provided.

Application of computer models and Artificial Intelligence technologies to improve the quality of wastewater treatment

The article provides a brief overview of the use of computer simulation models and artificial intelligence technologies to predict the quality of wastewater treatment from agro-industrial enterprises, which have a complex composition, variable flow rate and require taking into account a large number of factors both at the design and operation stages. This predetermines the need to model complex systems and predict the quality of cleaning using computer models and artificial intelligence technologies. Based on the reviewed foreign and Russian publications, a conclusion was made about the most common types of models currently used to predict the quality of wastewater treatment.

ФОРМУВАННЯ ЕКСПОРТНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ АПК В УМОВАХ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ

This article discusses the topical problem of creating the export potential of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex in the context of European integration processes. The authors analyzed the main factors influencing the formation of export potential, including legislative, economic, technical and other aspects. In particular, the influence of European integration processes on the terms of foreign trade and export activities of agricultural enterprises is considered. The article also highlights the aspects of the formation of export potential in the context of European integration. Today, the agro-industrial complex is one of the largest and most important sectors of the Ukrainian economy. It is here that the bulk of food resources and almost three-quarters of retail turnover are formed. In addition, agro-industrial enterprises have a significant contribution to the development of the industry and the country's economy as a whole. The agricultural sector of Ukraine is also one of the key elements of the economic systems of many countries with market economies. The development of the export potential of agricultural products is a guarantee of economic growth as a whole, which includes, among other things, staff training and qualitative changes in the marketing system. The prospects for the successful formation of the export potential of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine in the conditions of European integration are that agricultural enterprises should focus on improving the quality of their products and compliance with international standards. This will allow them to take their place in international markets and compete with other countries. In addition, increasing the range of products will allow agricultural enterprises to optimize their competitiveness on foreign markets and reduce the risk of changes in export conditions. Improvement of transport links, customs procedures and storage conditions will ensure efficient and quick export of agricultural products.