Agricultural Machinery Industry Research Articles

АНАЛІЗ РОЗВИТКУ ВИРОБНИЦТВА СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКОЇ ТЕХНІКИ ДЛЯ ЗЕРНОВОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА В УКРАЇНІ ЗА ЧАСІВ НЕЗАЛЕЖНОСТІ

In the article the research of tendencies of development of agricultural mechanical engineering is conducted. Particular attention was paid to analyzing the peculiarities of the development of agricultural machinery production for grain farming and the trends in the current state of the industry. It was established that the agricultural machinery industry of Ukraine gradually began to revive. The results of the analysis of the development of the production of agricultural machinery for grain farming have made it possible to conclude that it is precisely the investment resources that will lead to the emergence of agricultural machinery, namely the production of machinery for grain production, from the crisis. The volume of import of agricultural products is estimated. An important place in the work is the assessment of the availability of grain machinery. The paper formulates the main tasks of enterprises for the production of agricultural machinery for the grain industry. The agrarian sector for Ukraine has always been one of the priority areas of both foreign economic and domestic economic development. Almost in all countries of the world now focus on the development of the agro-industrial complex, because the problem of providing the world’s population with food is extremely relevant. Ukraine has great prospects in this direction. But they are based primarily on the very high fertility of the soil that our state has. Ukraine has favorable weather and climatic conditions and historically inherited experience of our country’s population to produce food, work on the ground. Thanks to these factors, Ukraine was originally called the world’s breadbasket. Cereal product complex is one of the largest and most important in all agroindustrial complex of Ukraine. It is an important part of the agricultural complex. The development of the grain economy not only provides the population with grain products, but also can stabilize the socio-economic situation in the country. During the entire period of development of society in the territory of our state, much attention was paid to increasing the yield of grain. It is also possible to achieve an increase in gross collections of grain through the improvement of tools. That is why the development of the agricultural machinery industry can be considered the longest of all the well-known fields of machine building [2], since the production of machinery for the grain-product complex is one of the important components of the grain industry in general. Machine-building enterprises for the grain-product complex are located in the main grain areas. The development of the production of machinery in the grain-harvesting complex in Ukraine after the election of its independence has undergone significant changes, and the problem of the production of certain types of grain machinery has become very acute.

The matter of extreme national importance

It is reported on the history of the development of the domestic agricultural machinery industry. It is noted that the beginning of the modern development of the industry was laid down by the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of April 1, 1921, in which it is recognized as «... a matter of extreme national importance». It sets out a set of measures to create the industry as the basis for the de-velopment of the country's agriculture. The head institute All-Union scientific research Institute of agri-cultural engineering (VISKhOM), profile research institution, leading specialized design bureaus, student design bureaus and various factories are being created in different regions of the country. Being the lead-ing complex center for scientific research and practical development of new and promising agricultural technology, including the training of scientific personnel, the Institute VISKhOM played a major role in the development of domestic agricultural machinery and integrated mechanization of the country's agri-culture in the 20s and 30s, in its restoration to Postwar years of the last century. Achievement in 1947 of pre-war production of agricultural machinery. It is noted that the Institute VISKhOM developed and pro-duced in the industry a large number of new machines; many monographs and collections of articles and other scientific papers have been published, scientific and technical reports on the results of their imple-mentation of R&D have been compiled. Scientific and technical assistance was provided to design bu-reaus and factories of the industry in the creation and production of new equipment, according to method-ological and normative documentation. Significant is its contribution to the development and implemen-ta-tion of systems of machinery and technology in the country's agriculture. The UN General Assembly rec-ognized the need to increase the world's food production. Russia has a unique agrarian potential and can provide itself with quality, renewable products and its supply to the world market. It is noted that a number of problems of the domestic agro-industrial complex remain unresolved, for example, its insufficient support by the state, the liquidation of scientific research institutes of the industry, including VISKhOM and a number of factories. There is a need for a large-scale revival of the domestic agricultural machinery industry as an effective scientific and production system for the creation and production of modern ma-chinery of high quality and reliability for our agriculture with an extensive set of crops and with various technologies. The future of Russia's agriculture is the use of modern machine technologies as the basis for the country's food security and the competitiveness of Russian food in the domestic and world markets.

DETERMINANTES DAS MÉDIAS SALARIAIS DOS TRABALHADORES DA INDÚSTRIA DE MÁQUINAS E IMPLEMENTOS AGRÍCOLAS NO NOROESTE DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL

O objetivo deste trabalho é entender quais fatores socioeconômicos estão mais relacionados à formação dos salários médios dos trabalhadores da indústria de máquinas agrícolas no sul do Brasil. A amostra compreendeu 175 observações, referentes a 35 municípios, no período entre 2004 e 2008, e utilizou-se regressões em dados de painel com efeito fixo para a verificação dos efeitos. A educação média dos trabalhadores revelou-se a mais importante característica na elevação dos salários médios. Observou-se ainda que, aos 36 anos, tem-se a idade ótima para maximização salarial, e não se verificou discriminação de gênero. Por fim, o estudo corrobora com a literatura econômica trazendo evidências acerca da importância da educação na formação salarial dessa importante indústria brasileira.

Analysis of market of row-crop cultivators

The row crops occupy a prominent position in agriculture. For example, in the Rostov Region nearly 25% of the acreage annually is under row crops. One of the features of cultivation of row crops is the possibility of mechanical weed control after emergence of seedlings. Mechanical inter-row cultivation could not be substituted for the chemical one, because the first gives rise to a loose mulch layer on the soil surface that contributes to the accumulation of soil moisture. This is particularly important for arid areas of agriculture, including the North Caucasus and Lower Volga Region. Among other things, mechanical cultivation is much more environmentally friendly than chemical one. There is a large number of row-crop cultivators of both domestic and foreign manufacture in the Russian market. The purpose of the study is to identify the main trends in the manufacture of row-crop cultivators that are typical for global enterprises of agricultural machinery industry. With the aim of a qualitative assessment of domestic and foreign brands of row-crop cultivators, the paper analyzes the technical parameters of the most common samples in the market of the South of Russia. The study reveals that in their design domestic and foreign row-crop cultivators differ from each other slightly, mostly only in the width of rows. On all of the considered row-crop cultivators, the parallelogram suspensions of working organs are used. Their basic designs are identical for nearly all machines: the main working organs are the A-hoe blades with different grasp width. The motion speed of the unit lies in the range of 5-10 km/h and depends on the type of working organs and landscape conditions. Weight of fertilizer distributing system in row-crop cultivator is 11-16% of the total weight of the machine, while the specific weight of Russian cultivator is 1.35 times larger than the imported one, which is due to the use of lighter and stronger materials in the manufacture of imported cultivators.

Analysis of structure of machine and tractor fleet in the Republic of Kazakhstan and development prospects of agricultural machinery industry

Structure of machine and tractor fleet in the Republic of Kazakhstan is analyzed. It is noted that tractors and combine harvesters, sowing machines and other machinery are presented by many brands, which complicates their service maintenance. Development prospects of agricultural machinery industry are shown.

A Study on Fundamental Problems for Small and Medium Agricultural Machinery Industries in Central Region Area

A Study on Fundamental Problems for Small and Medium Agricultural Machinery Industries in Central Region Area

STUDY ON THE CORRECT TILT OF THE NAVIGATION OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY BASED ON GPS

In recent years, the development of GPS navigation technology is very fast, has been applied to almost everywhere in life, especially in the field of agricultural production in recent years is more important. In foreign countries, GPS navigation application in agricultural production development has been very mature, but in China, the application of GPS in agricultural machinery navigation is still in the stage of research and development, application in agricultural machinery navigation, the GPS navigation technology to achieve accurate positioning: the most important thing is to tilt, lateral posture correction, pure line operation and a series of work based on path tracking. The GPS carrier phase measurement technology, static positioning can not only realize agricultural accurate and real-time dynamic positioning; but also can achieve high-precision attitude measurement based on observation of carrier phase receiver. Through the vector in the process of operation because of the navigation error of surface height fluctuation generated by the tilt correction algorithm, can be derived on the agricultural machinery navigation correction, because in the process of agricultural navigation operation, positioning error vector produced by the inclination will directly affect the pure path tracking algorithm based on the trajectory of the straight line thus, effects of mechanization and efficiency of intelligent agricultural production, so the research of calibration for the error caused by the tilt is of great significance. Considering the difficulty of the experiment, our research is a double side antenna attitude, so in the original location of the next step is to collect model cars some simulation of agricultural operations process data, and then use MATLAB to carry out simulation on the PC machine, according to before and after correction for the navigation of agricultural machinery industry to observe the trajectory correction effect. .

Public Fixed Capital Formation in Indian Agriculture: Revisiting the Intellection

What constitutes public GFCF in agriculture has emerged as a major methodological controversy among researchers. Though it has been repeatedly pointed out that there is a need for reconceptualization of agricultural capital formation, a real framework was suggested by the Bhattacharya Committee in 2003. The present paper constructed an alternative series for public GFCF in Indian agriculture, which accounts not only for direct, but indirect GFCF as well. The series constructed at the all-India level was also compared with the conventional CSO series. Broadening of public GFCF series for agriculture reflected an altogether different picture as compared to the CSO series. Among the other sectors of the economy, transportation heads such as rural roads and railways were found to have a dominant contribution towards total public GFCF in Indian agriculture. It was also observed that manufacturing heads in general, and agricultural machinery industry, in particular, experienced a declining share overtime in total public GFCF in the agricultural sector.

Development of agricultural machinery industry branch in the Republic of Armenia

Current state of agricultural machinery industry in the Republic of Armenia and its development prospects within the Customs Union are considered.

Issues of progress of national agricultural machinery industry

Short information concerning the Moscow Economic Forum-2014 is given. Basic problems of national agricultural machinery industry and production of agricultural machinery are highlighted. An experience of establishment and effective operation of the Kolnag plant is considered as an example. General trends and development prospects for national agricultural machinery industry in the modern conditions are presented.

Study on Development and Testing Mechanism of a New Multifunction Agricultural V-Belt Fatigue Testing Machine

Agricultural V-belt fatigue testing machine is a kind of testing equipment developed based on the service condition of the agricultural V-belt, for the detection of fatigue performance of agricultural V-belt. The paper firstly analyzes the transmission principle, loading mode and testing parameters of the agricultural V-belt fatigue testing machine, and then introduces its basic principle, detection parameters and the main structural features, based on which the fatigue performance of the agricultural V-belt is tested and perfectly checked by the testing result. The study is to improve the testing equipment and testing methods for testing the fatigue performance of our national agricultural V-belt, to enhance the overall testing ability in China's agricultural machinery industry and to guide the production and use of agricultural V-belts.

Modularity Adoption in Product Development: A Case Study in the Brazilian Agricultural Machinery Industry

Facing a competitive and globalized market and with increasingly demanding customers, companies must constantly seek the development of practices in the development of new products. One of the current practices is the adoption of modularity. In that sense, the objective of this paper is to conduct an analysis of this practice in a Brazilian company, which manufactures agricultural machinery. The understanding of modular concept for product engineering is investigated as well as current practices adopted by the company. The applicability of modular design in current products is focused. Regarding the research method, these involve firstly a literature review followed by field research using data collected from interviews with product engineers and document analysis as source of evidence. From the results, it is possible to conclude that the adoption of modularity in the development of new products increases production flexibility, reduces product development time and provides economy of scale, with the purchase of standard components in greater volume.

Contribution of supply chain to corporate strategy: a case study in agriculture machinery industry

The strategy-developing unit of analysis has shifted from industry (industry structure view) to firm’s unique characteristics (resource-based view) to dyad routine and processes (relational view) to the current network relationships (strategic network) view. As a result, the supply chains, due to their cross-functional and cross-organisational nature, are getting promoted from being merely operational and tactical concerns to more strategic ones and therefore becoming a major stakeholder in corporate strategy. This change is significant particularly in industries that are classified as low clock-speed and complex product industries. In this article, a conceptual framework for investigating the contribution of supply chain management to corporate strategy is developed and applied in agriculture machinery industry. The results indicate that supply chain contribution to the corporate strategy is significant in multi-business firms that are characterised by low clock-speed industry, high reciprocal interdependence between OEM and immediate suppliers, related diversification strategy, focus on economy of scale advantage, and that are looking for synergies such as vertical integration, centralised procurement, asset improvement and centralised inbound and outbound logistics.

Demand and Supply Trend of Agricultural Machinery

Purpose: This study was performed in order to obtain basic data for policy development and R&D to sharpen competitiveness in domestic agricultural machinery industry by analyzing the recent status of demand and supply for tractor, rice transplanter(riding type), and combine. Methods: Basic data from 199,275 units of tractor, rice transplanter (riding type), and combine was offered by the National Agricultural Cooperative Federation and Korea Agricultural Machinery Industry Cooperative. Those agricultural machines were supplied by the government`s loan support from 2003 to 2012. Results: Recent supply of tractor is only 13,000 units or so per annum, thereby being stagnated. Rice transplanter and combine in 2012 corresponded to 3,810 units and 2,490 units, respectively. The domestic market share of the imported agricultural machinery accounted for 60.0% in tractor, 99.5% in saddle rice transplanter, and 80.9% in combine, thereby having been sharply increased 33.1%p, 42.0%p and 53.6%p compared to the ones in 2003. Life spans of tractor, combine and saddle rice transplanter are 3.7, 3.7 and 4.2 years, respectively. Among the discontinued models, the one less than 300 units supplied was occupied up to 70~85%. Conclusions: The domestic demand and the export expansion are needed through developing a model of agricultural machinery of having competitiveness to domestically activate agricultural machinery industry.

Implementation of the innovation programs of agricultural machinery industry development

State of machine and tractor fleet belonging to village commodity producers was under analysis as well as its structure and age-class composition. Results of the study are given. Questions of agricultural machine building development and trends of agricultural machinery production volume gain are considered.

Utilização da ti para transferência de conhecimentos entre equipes de desenvolvimento de produto: comparação entre equipes virtuais e co-localizadas

A utilização das tecnologias da informação (TI) para a transferência de conhecimentos (TC) entre equipes de desenvolvimento de produto depende da estratégia de trabalho adotada, podendo ser trabalho em equipes virtuais ou co-localizadas. Assim sendo, este artigo tem por objetivo analisar as características da TI utilizada para a TC nestes dois tipos de estratégias, comparando as diferenças entre as mesmas. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso em duas empresas multinacionais do setor de máquinas agrícolas, cada uma destas com um tipo diferente de estratégia de trabalho de equipes de projeto. Observou-se que a empresa com equipes co-localizadas utiliza TI principalmente para a retenção de conhecimento em fontes explícitas, uma vez que a TC acontece principalmente por canais informais que levam ao risco de perda do conhecimento. Por outro lado, a empresa com equipes virtuais investe em tipos de TI que ajudem a superar as distâncias físicas e culturais entre os participantes de diferentes países. Os resultados também apresentam uma análise comparativa das características da TI em cada estratégia, utilizando-se para isto uma abordagem sociotécnica que considera quatro áreas de análises na utilização da TI: Pessoas, Tecnologias, Organização do Trabalho e Meio Ambiente.

The bases of agricultural machinery industry development strategy

Рассмотрены основания стратегии развития сельхозмашиностроения, которые, подобно постулатам, должны быть положены в основу разработки собственно стратегии, т.е. вначале должны быть изучены и сформулированы сами основания: двухуровневая (двухблочная) стратегия развития федерального и регионального машиностроения; использование элементно-агрегатной базы; соотношение и взаимодействие колесных и гусеничных тракторов, колесных мобильных энергосредств и гусеничных тракторов; динамика развития машиностроения; инфраструктура сельхозмашиностроения (технический сервис; современные методики технико-экономического обоснования, сравнительные испытания с включением зарубежной с.-х. техники; использование восстановленной с.-х. техники; оптимизация уровней локализации); способы финансирования и субсидирования. Приведены схема использования элементно-агрегатной базы на примере колесного энергосредства и общая схема взаимодействия основных блоков оснований.

Book Review: Agricultural Machinery Industry in India: Growth, Structure, Marketing and Buyer Behaviour

Sukhpal Singh, Agricultural Machinery Industry in India: Growth, Structure, Marketing and Buyer Behaviour, 2010, Allied Publishers, New Delhi

A Survey of Mechanization Problems of the Small Scale (Peasant) Farmers in the Middle Belt of Nigeria

Food shortage problem is increasing every day among the developing nations. So many farmers are on the land on small scale basis and their production has not been enough. Their farm sizes have not increased over the years due to absence of the relevant mechanization machinery. This study was made to evaluate the level of solutions of the problems of small farm mechanization, which is the only viable means of food production in the developing nations such as Nigeria. From the studies, the various levels of mechanization tools in the various farm operations are as follows: land clearing 21.54%, tillage 24.62%, planting 3.85%, spraying 86.15%, fertilization 2.13%, weeding 3.08%, harvesting 40%, crop processing 7.69% and crop storage 0.00%. Most of the farm sizes (93.85%) range from 1-5 hectares. The mechanization process being emphasized in the country is still beyond the scope of the small scale farmers who produce the bulk of the food. It is recommended among other things that government should set up agricultural machinery industries which should developed or purchase and hired out to small scale farmers at subsidized rates to increase the level of mechanization of certain farm operations in the middle belt states of the country.

Cooperation of suppliers and clients with companies in the agricultural machinery industry: some evidence from Brazil

Companies in the agricultural machinery industry (AMI) in Brazil have shown significant revenues and potential growth in recent years, especially due to the worldwide market expansion for bio-fuels and grains. In order to overcome expertise deficiencies for developing increasingly complex products and achieving an alignment with market needs, companies have carried out cooperative projects with suppliers and customers. The present paper aims at identifying the most important factors for successfully establishing cooperative projects based on practical evidence collected from four case studies. The results suggest that companies should focus on getting upper management more engaged in their product development process and developing ways to bridge cultural gaps with suppliers and clients. In addition, the adoption of tools for facilitating project data exchange with partners as well as retaining and retrieving knowledge about previous projects is recommended.