To study the convergence of real Romanian agriculture with the European Union should establish a SWOT matrix (Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and risks). Strengths: the second largest agricultural producer in Central and Eastern Europe, after Poland (Romania - agricultural area of 14.8 million hectares); the climate and soil are conducive to effective development of agriculture; the potential development of organic farming and the use of traditional methods and non-intensive. Weaknesses: the role of “safety net” for people who can not find work in other fields; farmers subsistence-large number of small farms, family; share large auto producers; agricultural market is not fully functional; low subsidies and share decline of agricultural production in GDP was accompanied by an increase in the share of agricultural population. Romania wants, through integration into the European Union to obtain or strengthen: economic stability; investments in large structural funds; higher incomes for farmers; access to market for their products (the EU market, the 375 million consumers, plus 100 million consumers the countries of central and E. Europe) and increased demand for products with high added value.