Agricultural Sector Of Ukraine Research Articles

Priority directions of the development of circular transformations in the agricultural sector of Ukraine

Achieving the goals of sustainable, inclusive development of society requires searching for new models and mechanisms capable of ensuring the population's well-being. The agricultural sector of the national economy is vital to such positions. Its further development in the context of leading European practice should consider the organizational and economic principles of constructing and using closed agricultural production cycles. The essence, content, and basic principles of the development of the circular agrarian economy are discussed in the article. The key directions for the further development of circular processes, which correspond to the specifics of the agricultural sector of the national economy and are priorities in the immediate and strategic perspective, are defined here. Among them, the following are outlined: organic production and use of waste, production of biofuel, priority of ecosystem restoration, use of products of new water purification systems, and logistic and marketing products for agro-production based on closed cycles. It was determined that implementing circular principles in global practice has a clearly expressed positive socio-economic effect. The complex of the main advantages of the circular economy in the agricultural sector of Ukraine is justified. It is proposed to include three primary cycles in the system of agro-circular economy, which is based on R-principles: technical-technological, biological, and financial. Based on the research results, several factors and obstacles were identified that are currently holding back the intensification of the development of circular transformations in the agricultural sector of the national economy. Overcoming them requires a systematic approach to motivating the spread of agro-circular processes based on improving organizational and management mechanisms, increasing the social responsibility of rural businesses, and the general level of the corporate culture of agricultural companies and society. Keywords: agro-circular economy, closed-type economy, R-principles, agrarian business, management models, sustainable development.

Development of the Correlation Model between Biogas Yield and Types of Organic Mass and Analysis of Its Key Factors

Since European society is experiencing an aggravation of the issue of energy security, the production of renewable energy is becoming increasingly important. The advantages of biofuel—in particular, biogas—and the positive effects of the development of its production are summarized within the framework of the problem statement. It is emphasized that the production of biogas from various renewable raw materials causes economic, ecological, and social effects. The development of biogas production can be especially active in combination with the development of the agricultural sphere. In response to today’s demand, the authors in this research present a model of the correlation between the output of biogas from different types of organic mass and specify the factors affecting it. In particular, a multiple econometric model of the relationship between the output of biogas from different types of organic mass and the content of dry organic matter and the share of possible methane content in organic matter was built; the density of the connection between the factors and the resulting feature was evaluated; the tightness of the general relationship (influence) of independent variables on the dependent variable was checked using the coefficient of determination; and the reliability of the correlation characteristics was estimated using Fisher’s and Student’s tests. As a result, with the use of convincing evidence—in particular, taking into account the potential of the Ukrainian agricultural sector—the feasibility of further development of biogas production in combination with the development of agricultural production is substantiated.

The Agricultural Sector of Ukraine in the Global Food Market: Pre-war State and Post-war Prospects

For a long time, Ukraine played an essential role as a producer of agricultural products in ensuring global and internal food security. The hostilities on the territory of Ukraine have caused significant risks to the activity of its agricultural sector and affected its current export potential. This study set out to assess the importance of Ukraine for world food security and its place in the global agricultural market, to outline current risks and to determine the prospects for the further development of agriculture in the conditions of post-war recovery. In particular, the integration of the agricultural sector into the global economic space was investigated, which showed the rapid expansion of the presence of agri-food products in certain commodity markets of some countries. An increase in the level of involvement of the agricultural sector in the global flows of goods related to food production has been established. This conclusion is based on calculations made using the data of input-output tables at basic prices. It is substantiated that the post-war recovery of Ukraine’s economy should ensure the reconstruction of the agricultural sector on the basis of sustainability. In this context, the authors presented the results of the assessment of possible changes in the production of the main types of agricultural products during the implementation of the concept of ecological resource-conserving agriculture. The impact of these changes on the country’s export potential and its food security was assessed by developing food balances for the main types of agricultural products. The conducted assessment confirmed the necessity of such restructuring to ensure the preservation of the country’s agricultural potential in the long term.

Problems of implementing the sustainable development concept in the agricultural sector of Ukraine’s economy

The transition to the principles of sustainable development in the agricultural sector of the economy is one of the most urgent and difficult. The reason for this is the greatest dependence of agriculture on environmental conditions compared to other branches of material production. The economic sustainability of agricultural production should be understood as the process of stable growth in the production of agricultural products - agricultural raw materials and products of their processing. This can be achieved only by expanding sales markets. Continuous improvement of labor productivity due to the introduction of technical and technological innovations in the production process is an indispensable condition for increasing the segment of Ukrainian manufacturers in the global market. The social sustainability of agricultural production should be understood as the sustainable development of rural areas and the provision of reliable physical access to food for the country's citizens. The sustainable development of rural areas of Ukraine is the cessation of depopulation, the preservation of the network of rural settlements, the restoration of their social infrastructure, the provision of everyday amenities that are not inferior in terms of quantitative and qualitative characteristics to similar ones in urban settlements, etc. Environmental sustainability of agricultural production is the use of natural resources, primarily land, which allows meeting the needs of the current generation for safe, high-quality food and ensures the profitability of economic activity without harming the ability of future generations to meet similar needs. The Ukrainian economy is experiencing a recession caused by russian military aggression. Under such circumstances, it is impossible to ensure the transition of agricultural production to the principles of sustainable development at the same time in all components – economic, social, and ecological. It is expedient to apply an approach according to which, carrying out certain measures aimed at the practical implementation of the concept of sustainable development, there will be a priority that depends on the state of the national economy. Keywords: sustainable development, production, rural areas, food security, plowed land, soil fertility, water resources, agrochemistry, biological diversity, state of the economy, priority.

Analysis of the state and efficiency of the functioning of agroformations under modern conditions

The article substantiates the theoretical foundations of the development of agricultural formations and their influence on the development of rural areas. It was determined that the functioning of agricultural enterprises in the conditions of market relations is very complex and long-term in financial and credit terms. Inadequate state support for agriculture, slows down the development of reforms and has little experience of working in market conditions, all this creates negative trends in the development of the country's agriculture. As a result, there is a reduction in the production of agricultural products and the moral wear and tear of fixed assets. The purpose of the article is to identify positive trends and restraining factors in the development of agricultural formations and their impact on the development of rural areas; identification of positive trends and restraining factors in the development of modern agrarian formations and their further development; development of scientific proposals regarding promising directions and organizational forms of agro-industrial formations that can be successful in the conditions of modern challenges and threats. The significant obstacle to the successful development and functioning of the agricultural sector in Ukraine is the imperfection of normative and legal measures regarding the country's agrarian policy. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare a legislative framework that will be able to protect the interests of agricultural producers by making changes to it. The specificity of the functioning of the organizational and legal mechanisms supporting the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine today is the lack of full financial support for the laws that are being adopted. Non-implementation of adopted laws and other legal acts is already observed, that is, low executive discipline on the part of state authorities. It is substantiated that the priority direction of innovative activity in the agricultural sector is the introduction of the most promising agricultural technologies and, based on them, increasing productivity with the aim of reducing the unit cost of production and strengthening competitiveness on the domestic and global markets. Scientific proposals have been developed regarding promising directions and organizational forms of integrated agro-industrial formations that can be successful in the conditions of modern challenges and threats, as well as satisfy the economic and social interests of their subjects. Keywords: agricultural formation, innovations, innovative development, competitiveness, financial and credit relations, export

Farm Size and Technology Implementation: A Comparison between Canada and Ukraine

Many factors play a vital role in the development of agriculture, which include the technology of production, the size of farms in the country and the national policy (including trade policy) in relation to producers of these products. Therefore, the analysis of the above-mentioned factors in Ukraine stays relevant. The purpose of this study was to investigate the situation in the agricultural sector of both countries to form methods of further development of the sector in Ukraine based on the Canadian practices. The leading research method is analysis, thanks to which the agricultural sector was studied. In addition, the comparison method was used in the study of agriculture in Ukraine and Canada. Canada uses the latest methods of growing and tending produce, while in Ukraine there is still manual labour in some enterprises. It was proved that the main reason for this difference in development is the limited ability of Ukrainian companies to attract investment or use credit. The authors concluded that there are fundamental differences in agricultural development in Ukraine and Canada, the reasons for which are explained not only by different geographical, but also by institutional and historical conditions. Meanwhile, the level of agricultural development in Canada is much higher than in Ukraine, showing the need to borrow some principles of the sector. The main ones among them include active attraction of investments, emphasis on technology development, minimal state interference in the sector and others. A more detailed consideration of finding new opportunities to attract investment in the agricultural sector of Ukraine will remain relevant in the future. The article can be useful for studying the specific features of economic development of the agriculture in Canada and Ukraine; for formation of national policy in this sector; for entrepreneurs to make their investment decisions

Financial Mechanisms of Regulatory Development of Entrepreneurial Activity of Agricultural Business Entitiese

Market relations in the agrarian sector of the economy of Ukraine influenced the growth of the independence and commercial responsibility of agricultural business entities regarding the formation and rational use of financial resources. The development of market mechanisms for the regulation of agriculture, the liberalisation of the economy with the simultaneous reduction of the regulatory role of state management structures, without the appropriate preliminary elaboration of the legal, economic, and financial foundations of the transition to market relations led to an increase in the financial risks of many economic entities in the agricultural sector, which are successfully levelled at the expense of financial mechanisms of regulatory development of their entrepreneurial activity. An effective financial mechanism and an effective agrarian policy, its implementation, have been relevant in the context of scientific research for an extended period. Considering this, the purpose of this study was to substantiate a complete system of financial mechanisms for the regulatory development of entrepreneurial activity of economic entities in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. The study used economic and mathematical methods of analysis using statistical data of the EU and OECD countries for 1986-2020, using regression modelling of the interdependencies between the volumes of agricultural production and general state support to farmers, its volumes in terms of types, the influence of individual vectors of support for the total cost of products. The obtained studies indicate the need to develop measures related to the transformation of the system of financial mechanisms for the regulatory development of entrepreneurial activity of agrarian business entities of Ukraine, related to the prioritisation of mechanisms aimed at increasing the volume of investments in the agrarian sector of the economy, comprehensive development of the knowledge system, changes in the infrastructure of services, restrictions on control over the activities of business entities, the volumes of which in Ukraine substantially exceed similar indicators of the countries of the European Union with developed market relations and countries that are part of the OECD.

DESIGNING THE STRUCTURAL CONCEPT OF ESTIMATING THE INTERNATIONAL POSITION OF UKRAINE IN THE WORLD CONTEXT OF STATE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SUPPORT TO THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

The article studies the problems of state financial and economic support to the agricultural sector in the world context and substantiates the structural concept of assessing the international position of Ukraine. It is confirmed that there is a connection between the annual values of indicators of total state support for the agricultural sector, support for producers and support for consumers and the international rating position of Ukraine. In the world context the ratings of countries are calculated on indicators of state financial and economic support to the agricultural sector: total estimate of support for the agricultural sector (TSE); producer support estimate (PSE) consumer support estimate (CSE); general service support estimate (GSSE). The international position of Ukraine in terms of ratings is determined, which is radically lower compared to the overall indicator of OECD member states and EU member states. It was confirmed that the dynamics of the ratings of Ukraine in the world context is insignificant, the variability is determined at the level of the 22nd – 24th place in terms of indicators of total estimate of support for the agricultural sector, estimate of support for producers and estimate of consumer support. The dynamics of the decrease in the gap of annual indicators of support for producers and consumers of the agricultural sector in Ukraine since 2018 has been determined. The best position of Ukraine in the international rating is confirmed by the indicator of estimate of general support for services. The analysis was the basis for designing the structural concept of estimating the international position of Ukraine in terms of state support trends for the financial and economic mechanism of state regulation of the development of the agricultural sector, the advantages of which are: determining the position of Ukraine in the world context in terms of state support trends for the agricultural sector; establishment of the level of connection of annual values of indicators of state financial and economic support to the agricultural sector; forming a comparative characteristic of the position of Ukraine to the overall indicator of the EU member states. The calculations confirmed the need to review the directions of state support for the mechanisms of state regulation of sustainable development of the agricultural sector for adaptation to European practices. It was established that within the framework of the implementation of state policy in terms of the development of support measures in the EU countries, seven categories of measures were introduced, among them: sector-wide and institutional measures; information and coordination measures; trade and commodity flow measures; labor measures; support for agriculture and food; general support; food aid and consumer support. It is determined that in the EU countries, the impact of economic cuts on food spending was mitigated thanks to government support, which partially compensated the loss of income, and the reduction in total income led to the maximum direction of food spending. The implementation of this approach confirmed the hypothesis that government support ensured the sustainability of food systems.

Marketing Communications in Differentiation and Positioning of Ukrainian Agrobusiness

The aim of the article. The purpose of this article is to study the experience and develop recommendations for improving marketing communications aimed at differentiating the products of agro-industrial enterprises of Ukraine and determining the position of such companies and their products in the markets. To achieve this goal, the roles of STP-marketing in the agro-industrial businesses of Ukraine are analyses in this article. The ways of increasing the efficiency of differentiation and positioning are also analysed, taking into account the personalization of interaction, Ukrainian heritage and foreign experience in marketing communications. Analyses results. The role of marketing communications in the differentiation and development of positioning strategies of Ukrainian enterprises are examines in the article. The object of the study is the agro-industrial sector, which has a special place in the national economy of Ukraine for over thirty years. The role of agribusiness is growing even more in times of crisis or wartime. The importance of finding new ideas and ways to differentiate the supply of agricultural companies are analysed. Attention is drawn to the need to build effective marketing communication campaigns that can inform target markets about the features of the agribusiness and its supply, compared to competitors. The important role of communication appeals in the formation of a clear position in the minds of consumers, suppliers, competitors and contact audiences and the corresponding perception of the proposed value are noted. The research highlights the importance of establishing communications in the STP marketing process. At the same time, agricultural enterprises must choose at which level to position themselves: at the level of product, brand or company. This is important for the selection and rational combination of appropriate of marketing communications tools, which influence not only the costs of the enterprise, but also the success of the marketing strategy. Special attention in this article is paid to the requirements of modern consumers who need special treatment. The key to the success of differentiation and positioning today, and consequently marketing communications are the personalization of interaction and the desire of customers to share information about themselves. It is proved that personalization should become a part of a modern marketing communication campaign of any agribusinesses in Ukraine. An important differentiator for the Ukrainian agricultural sector - a long time on the market - is analysed separately. Agribusinesses in Ukraine and relevant government agencies should use a variety of marketing communications in order to give agricultural products a distinct look, different from other producers and countries with a well-formed and well-founded position. Conclusions and directions for further research. Modern approaches to promotion policy with the use of powerful marketing communications tools can help the development of agro-industrial enterprises in Ukraine today. Communications can become a mechanism for identifying manufactured goods or the company itself, help to effectively differentiate and position agribusiness. However, marketers of Ukrainian agricultural enterprises should make more efforts to understand their consumers and the peculiarities of their behaviour. We should pay attention to the experience of large agricultural companies in Ukraine and the world and use their positive experience to attract additional attention to the current supply. In the following studies, it is advisable to pay attention to the experience and heritage of Ukrainian agribusiness, especially in foreign markets

Formation and Implementation of Public-Private Partnership Projects in the Agricultural Sector

Existing mechanisms for integrating state and public resources with opportunities and business resources to achieve critical social goals need significant changes. This fully applies to the goals, functions, and mechanism of public-private partnership projects, the advantage of which is the involvement in traditional public sectors of the economy of private business practices, as well as the desire to eliminate the shortcomings of both methods of management through optimal allocation of resources, responsibilities, and risks. The article analyzed the current state of public-private partnerships in terms of periods, geography, and industries in the article. The recent positive changes related to PPP have been identified and analyzed. The authors proposed methodological bases for assessing the feasibility of PPP projects and proposed a system of indicators of the effectiveness of PPP projects and conceptual principles for creating a favorable environment for implementing public-private partnership projects in the agricultural sector in Ukraine.

Analysis of the agriculture sector of Ukraine during the war

Russia's war against Ukraine has significantly increased food security risks and caused disruptions in agricultural production, supply chains, and trade, leading to unprecedented levels of global food and fertilizer prices. The current situation in the world agricultural markets by the middle of 2022 has shown the importance of the Ukrainian agricultural sector for the global market of agricultural products in general and the economy of the European Union, in particular. The article examines the place of the Ukrainian agriculture sector in the world agricultural market. The structure of export and import of agricultural products was analyzed. The dynamics of agrarian exports of Ukraine have been studied and the main reasons for its negative change have been determined. It has been established that the main problems during the war for the Ukrainian agrarian sector were: the occupation of Ukrainian territories, breaking of logistic chains inside and outside the country, reduction of the volume of the domestic market, and decreasing purchasing power of the Ukrainian population, insufficient resources for agricultural production, problems with labor force and theft of Ukrainian agricultural machinery and products. The domestic agricultural sector needs support from both the state and foreign funds, organizations, and countries. The Ukrainian government created several programs to support agricultural producers during military operations. In the tax, the support took place at the expense of VAT reduction, payment of taxes for FLP of 1 and 2 groups at will, payment of ERU by the state for the mobilized workers, cancellation of excise tax on oil products, etc. State support of the agrarian sector in the financial sphere is realized by providing access to cheap credits and the opening of new grant programs. Deregulation processes also took place at the state level: cancellation of business inspections, the introduction of the declarative system of business operation, and simplification of customs procedures. The prospects of the agricultural sector in the post-war economy have been studied. In particular, it was found that the key factor of agrarian sector development is people. Important for the recovery of the agricultural sector is the development of agricultural education and science, creation of sustainable chains in the regions, integration with competitive products into world markets, adaptation to the climate, sustainable and ecological agriculture, technological development, and digitalization of the agricultural sector.

Mediation as an alternative way of settlement of disputes in agricultural export relations

The article considers the concept of mediation, which are proposed by domestic and foreign scientists. By analyzing the concept of mediation, it turned out that this alternative method of settling disputes in export relations in the agricultural sector has several advantages: no significant financial and time costs, the ability of the parties to reach a settlement compromise that allows a decision that satisfies both parties, and the presence of an impartial mediator which only has the right to guide the parties towards a common decision.
 Mediation is a common way of resolving disputes in many countries. And it was found that the mediation is different in each country: different time limits on its use (pre-trial stage or after the trial), differs legal support for this procedure, various institutions that ensure its functioning, etc. In article notes that the recognition of mediation allows signing foreign economic agreements between countries in the agricultural sector, even with the differences in the consolidation of mediation in the legislation of foreign countries.
 The long absence of legislation to consolidate mediation as an alternative means of resolving disputes in Ukraine had hampered the development of export relations in the agricultural sector. That is why foreign counterparties could justifiably refuse to conclude foreign economic contracts with the Ukrainian side due to non-recognition of the latter's mediation procedure, which deprived the parties of a rapid and peaceful means of resolving any disputes.
 The article points out that Ukraine is currently promoting mediation on its territory. The Law of Ukraine "On Mediation" was adopted, there are organizations whose activities are aimed at promoting mediation, and it was signed the Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation. It indicates Ukraine's recognition of mediation at the international level and its willingness to ensure the implementation of agreements reached on the results of mediation in our country, which will positively affect the willingness of foreign partners to cooperate with Ukrainian agricultural sector.

Ukraine’s Agrarian Sector in the Conditions of COVID-19 Distribution and Restrictive Quarantine Measures: Methodological Principles of Empirical Evaluation

Conditioned upon the negative impact of pandemic restrictions explained by the spread of COVID-19 disease, the global economy is declining, which has led to real risks and threats to the development of the Ukrainian agricultural sector. Identifying these risks and threats, assessing the impact of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and the quarantine measures introduced in response to the agricultural sector is an important problem of agricultural policy that requires maximum efforts to solve it. The purpose of the article is to summarise the methodological basis for assessing the impact of restrictive quarantine measures 2020-2021 related to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic for the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy, to substantiate the basis for determining criteria and indicators of impact and to carry out their empirical measurement. Analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy and comparison are used to generalise the theoretical and methodological aspects of the study. To diagnose the dynamics of economic indicators, economic and statistical methods are used in analytical studies. A number of techniques of abstract-logical tools made it possible to formulate intermediate and final conclusions. Methodological foundations, scientific, methodological and practical approaches to assessing the impact of restrictive quarantine measures 2020-2021 related to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic for the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy have been improved by substantiating the optimal research tools, identifying the most informative indicators and indicators. It is proved that from the standpoint of an integrated approach, all indicators that are a measure of the impact of the spread of COVID-19 and restrictive quarantine measures on the development of the agricultural sector should be considered in accordance with the target segments for assessing changes at the macro and micro levels. In particular: macroeconomic trends in business efficiency; entrepreneurial activity; foreign economic activity; social and labour relations; finance and investment, state support, etc. The analysis showed that the progressive development of agriculture in Ukraine during 2020 explained by quarantine restrictions demonstrated structural, economic and financial effects (results) of a downward nature. Promising areas for further research in this direction should include the development of a set of strategic measures to minimize risks for the agricultural sector of Ukraine during and after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic

UKRAINE'S AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN ENSURING GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY

The article defines the role and place of the agrarian sector of Ukraine in ensuring not only national food security, but also global. The subject of the research is a set of practical aspects of the development of the agrarian sector of Ukraine in conditions of globalization and aggravation of problems of food security, which requires further growth of agricultural production potential and integration of Ukrainian agro-industrial complex into the world food system. The methodological basis of the study were the main provisions of economic theory and practice of development of the agrarian sector of the economy. The following methods and techniques were used to achieve the goal set in the article: abstract-logical, monographic, analysis and synthesis; methods of comparison, generalization. The article assesses the export potential of the agricultural sector of Ukraine in recent years (for 2019-2020), analyzes the development indicators (for 2016-2020) and the challenges of agriculture. The results of the study show that Ukraine is one of the leading agricultural countries in the ranking of world exporters and in recent years continues to show high performance, which requires effective measures from the state to support the priority sector of agriculture. The practical value of the study lies in the proposals to stimulate the development of the agrarian sector of Ukraine. It is concluded that the position of the agrarian sector of the economy of Ukraine in the future and increase its export potential to address the issues of national and global food security depends on the level of long-term investment, growth of lending and real state financial support of agricultural producers.

FINANCIAL INITIATIVES IN ENSURING THE INVESTMENT ACTIVITY OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION CHALLENGES

The purpose of the study is to study and summarize the existing views of scientists and practitioners on the application of various financial instruments in the theory and practice of investment resources in the agricultural sector in the context of globalization challenges. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study were the provisions of state regulation of the economy, investment and the theory of agricultural relations. Theoretical and methodological basis of the study are general and special methods of scientific knowledge: generalization - identified benefits and caveats for the use of certain financial instruments in the agricultural sector, analogy, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction (to clarify the conceptual apparatus, theoretical generalizations of research, conclusions and proposals); On the basis of systematic and comparative analyzes, innovative instruments for financing agricultural producers are grouped. Results. The practice of using various financial instruments in the system of formation of investment resources of the agricultural sector of Ukraine in the context of globalization challenges is assessed. Internal and external financial instruments are distinguished on the basis of the generalization of the prevailing financial practices of raising funds by economic entities in the agricultural sector. It was revealed and proved that the most widespread in recent years in the list of domestic financial instruments were: bank lending, which includes agricultural insurance, avalized promissory notes, lending for software products; forward purchases; agricultural receipts. Globalization challenges lead to the expansion (emergence of new) financial instruments to attract investment resources, in particular: factoring and mezzanine lending. Practical consequences. According to the results of the study, priority financial initiatives in increasing the investment activity of agricultural producers, which will ensure financial security, through a balanced and sound state policy of agricultural enterprises and the proposed financial instruments in the context of global challenges.

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL PROBLEMS OF BANK LENDING TO AGRO-INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES IN UKRAINE

The purpose of the article is to study the problems of implementing the credit mechanism in the agrarian sector, the rationale for the need to increase the amount of lending to the agro-industrial complex and the analysis of existing studies of bank lending to agricultural enterprises. The issue of solving the problems of lending to the agro-industrial sector in the modern scientific literature is not addressed enough. In light of this, the above-mentioned issues require further comprehensive research in order to identify effective ways to solve the existing problems. Problem statement. The task of the research is to: study the current state of bank lending in the country, analyze the state of accounting and financial support for lending to agro-industrial enterprises and determine the prospects for the development of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine; analyze the shortcomings and formulate the main trends of these enterprises. As a result of the research to investigate the accounting and financial problems of lending to agricultural enterprises, to highlight in detail their main problems and features. Methodology. The analysis of the activities of agricultural enterprises and the peculiarities of its management. The issues of formation and functioning of farms, as well as document management and business administration in these farms are debatable. Results. According to the research, accounting and financial problems and possible prospects for lending in the agricultural sector of Ukraine were analyzed. As a result of the study, we have analyzed the state, problems and possible prospects of lending in the agrarian sphere of Ukraine. The features of credit relations of agro-industrial enterprises with commercial banks are revealed, the state and trends of development, as well as the modern conditions of bank lending to agricultural enterprises are analyzed. The need for the state support in providing this industry with affordable long-term lending resources and the introduction of preferential credit mechanisms for agricultural commodity producers is determined. Practical implications. Peculiarities of credit relations of agro-industrial enterprises with commercial banks are revealed, their state and development tendencies are analyzed, as well as modern conditions of bank crediting of agrarian enterprises. They develop the real economy, expand employment opportunities and promote competition. The necessity of intensifying the development of agro-industrial enterprises, which is an important task of the state, has been proved. The solution of accounting and financial problems of bank lending to agro-industrial enterprises in Ukraine should be based on the introduction of European experience, which will contribute to the creation of a modern market economy with social justice. Lending to agricultural enterprises by commercial banks is currently quite complicated, and sometimes even impossible. The reasons are low profitability, return on capital employed and liquidity of the property. At present, farmers are considering alternative options for the replenishment of working capital. Therefore, the avalisation of bills and agrarian receipts may be used as an alternative to bank lending to meet the needs for the crop protection agents, fertilizers and planting material. These methods make it possible to obtain a delay in payment for the acquired resources or financial resources for the acquisition of working capital in the provision of agricultural enterprises with future harvest. The formation of strategic directions of creditor activity of banking institutions of Ukraine is considered on the example of activity of JSB "UKRGASBANK". The article pays attention to the issues of credit insurance in order to protect the interests of banking institutions and improve the formation of directions for solving the problems of bank lending to agricultural enterprises. Value/originality. The need for state support in providing agricultural enterprises with affordable long-term loans and the introduction of mechanisms for targeted lending to agricultural producers, which is possible only through a balanced government policy of comprehensive support for this sector of the economy. The directions of the decision of problems of bank crediting of the agricultural enterprises are offered. The improvement of legislation on the agrarian policy, the regulation of lending operations, the rational distribution of funds, their effective use and timely repayment of debt, and the corresponding policy of the state could remedy the situation.

Agricultural Land Use in Ukraine: Ensuring and Implementing the Right to a Safe Environment

Safe land use of agricultural territories implies the mandatory preservation of the state's land resources, which are its crucial strategic resources. The relevance of this study is conditioned upon the abundance of issues of safe land use in Ukraine, specifically in the agricultural sector of Ukraine, not least due to the difficulties of exercising the citizens' right to safe use of agricultural land. The main purpose of this study is the theoretical investigation of the possibilities of ensuring the right to a safe environment upon using agricultural land in Ukraine, with an assessment of the real possibilities of its practical implementation in modern economic conditions. The basis of the methodological approach in this paper is a combination of methods of systematic analysis of key aspects of safe land use applicable to agricultural land, with the method of abstract-logical research of the main aspects of the exercise of the citizens' right to a safe environment upon using agricultural land in Ukraine. The main results obtained in this paper should be considered the definition of the main priority areas for the development of the available legislative system in Ukraine in the context of ensuring the safety of agricultural activities and the assessment of the role of the state in ensuring the proper level of environmental safety of agricultural land use in terms of the prospects for the preservation of the agricultural land available in the country. The results that were obtained in this study, as well as the conclusions formulated on their basis, have substantial practical significance for agricultural workers concerned about the qualitative solution of problematic issues concerning the ensuring and practical implementation of their legitimate right to a safe environment upon using lands that belong to the agricultural sector of the national economy

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ІННОВАЦІЙ У АГРОПРОДОВОЛЬЧІЙ СФЕРІ

The agro-food sector is one of the key industries that provides humanity with essential food products. However, it has faced challenges in sustainable development and environmental safety, raising questions about the efficiency and sustainability of this industry. Accordingly, there is ample room for innovation in the agro-food sector. The article analyzes the innovative activity in the agro-food sector at the present stage. The main problems and shortcomings of innovation development in this industry are identified, and the most influential factors that impede the development and implementation of innovative technologies in agriculture are considered. The main objectives of the study are to analyze the processes of innovation development in the agricultural industry in Ukraine, identify the main shortcomings and problems that hinder innovation development in this industry, and list the factorsthat will contribute to the development of innovative processes in Ukrainian agricultural enterprises. Various research methods were used to address the tasks at hand, including general scientific methods such as analysis and synthesis; scientific abstraction; induction and deduction, as well as specialized methods such as a monographic approach (during the study of the current state of innovation processes in the agricultural sector of Ukraine); and a comprehensive approach (during the development of recommendations for the development of innovations in the agro-industrial sector). It was determined that the agro-industrial complex occupies a leading position among industries that significantly influence the economic situation in Ukraine. It was noted thatone of the leading roles in the effective development of innovative technologies, particularly in agriculture, is played by innovative infrastructure: technoparks, business incubators, as they contribute to entering the innovation market. The use of cutting-edge technologies, the implementation of smart production management systems, which make it possible to increase efficiency, reduce costs, and provide more accurate planning, were also discussed. Proposed innovations, such as support in the fields of breeding, nanotechnology, and genetic engineering, have significant potential for improving the efficiency and resilience of production and activity in the agricultural sector of Ukraine.

ІНСТИТУЦІЙНІ ІНДИКАТОРИ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ПРИВАБЛИВОСТІ АГРОСЕКТОРУ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ

In the article the economic prerequisites of investment attractiveness of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine to the beginning of Russian occupation invasion in 2022 are investigated and the author's vision of institutional indicators, contributing to the positive decisions of potential investors in the agricultural sector of Ukraine in the short term perspective is formulated. To achieve the purpose, the following methods were used: deductive method (to study the influence of military operations on the Ukrainian territory on the activities of agricultural enterprises and their investment attractiveness); statistical research and monetary analysis (to assess the primary signs of investment attractiveness of companies); periodization (to study in depth the variable states of the object of knowledge with subsequent identification of indicators of its quantitative and qualitative changes). On the basis of the analysis of financial indicators of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine it has been revealed that they are attractive for investments generally. It was found that 2022 was a powerful marker of a new geo-economic era, characterized by institutional changes that can positively affect the investment climate in the agricultural sector of Ukraine in the short term. At the heart of these changes is the state of Ukraine as a national-level regulatory institution, which has introduced new legislative changes aimed at avoiding a food crisis. The justification of institutional indicators of investment attractiveness of the agricultural sector of Ukraine is carried out taking into account the economic interest of states that conduct policy of support and assistance to Ukraine, aimed at ending the war, overcoming its consequences, and preventing a global food crisis. It was determined that the key aspect of improving the investment climate is positioning Ukraine as a state governed by the rule of law during the war. It allows making optimistic prognoses on introduction of effective mechanisms of realization of the national investment plan, preferential taxation of direct foreign investments, and insurance of investment risks.

Development of the grain crops supply chain model

The possibility of optimization of the grain crops supply chain taking into account the interests of the farm is investigated in the work. The main trends in the agricultural sector of Ukraine, which directly or indirectly affect the activities of the farm, are analyzed in the work. It is established that the choice of the most optimal means of transport for grain crops transportation allows the farm to reduce the cost of the logistics supply chain, which in turn will lead to increased profitability and expansion of the agricultural sector. The solution to this problem is possible through the modeling of the grain crops logistics supply chain. To form a model of the grain crops supply chain the process of grain delivery as a system that contains many acceptable alternatives for making the most rational decision. The proposed model is presented in form of a "black box" model. The objective function of this model for farms is to make a rational decision on the process of grain delivery in order to maximize profits by optimizing the costs of such supply chain and ensuring the development of farming as an activity. The original variables of this model are: grain crops yields and grain crops humidity; farm’s sown area; harvesting equipment efficiency; own granaries capacity; cost for grain storage in own granary or for elevator service; grain share depending on the storage place; sales price of grain crops: to the internal buyer, at the grain reception center, at the port terminal, and also weather and climate conditions during harvest (favorable / unfavorable conditions). The initial indicators that will characterize the success of the grain delivery process will be the following one: harvest duration, harvest amount, trucking cost, average daily harvest duration, additional costs obtained by managing grain humidity, magnitude of crop losses due to the harvest duration, magnitude of losses due to the grain quality reduction (with mixing, without mixing). The proposed model will consider all these factors and their impact on harvesting, storage and transportation of grain crops, and will help to take into account the costs for farms depending on the situation.