Agricultural Sector Of Ukraine Research Articles

PRIORITIES AND MECHANISMS FOR BALANCING THE FOREIGN TRADE IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS BASED ON COMPLEMENTARITY

The research paper aims at carrying out a systematic analysis of the complementarity of foreign trade in agricultural products and to substantiate on this basis the priorities for the expansion and balancing of Ukrainian agricultural exports at the micro, macro, and mezzo-levels. The concept of complementarity of foreign trade is defined as the level at which the economic systems of different countries are balanced on the basis of mutual complementarity of the commodity structure of export and import and effective participation in the international division of labour. The methodological approaches to the study of complementarity of foreign trade are systematized. The article uses a complex approach to the analysis of foreign trade relations in the agrarian sphere and the extent to which it is balanced. The main trends and features of the development of Ukrainian foreign trade in agricultural products are determined. It was found that the imbalance of the foreign economic sphere in the agricultural sector is manifested in the dominance of export activities of large agricultural holdings, the monocultural nature of agricultural production and export, and ineffective institutional support of small farmers and agrarians. An empirical assessment of the complementarity of Ukrainian foreign trade in agricultural products has been carried out using complementarity indices, indices of revealed comparative advantage, and applying the method of cluster analysis. The conducted calculations proved that the Ukrainian agricultural sector has a significant unused potential for the development of exports on the basis of complementarity. A set of priorities of balancing foreign trade in agricultural products based on complementarity are substantiated, in particular, the following: forming a system for monitoring the complementarity of Ukrainian foreign trade in agricultural products; concluding and comprehensively supporting the implementation of interstate agreements on the development of mutually beneficial trade in complementary products, including on a barter basis; providing support for export development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and for small-scale production; enhancing diversification of the assortment of agricultural exports of Ukraine, especially in the niches of craft and organic products; supporting complementary foreign trade relations at the level of individual regions of Ukraine; providing a strong and efficient consulting support for exporters, giving assistance in the process of finding foreign partners and entering foreign markets.

The state of the agricultural sector in Ukraine during wartime: The case of farmers

The military aggression of russia against Ukraine has a significant negative impact on the agricultural sector of the economy, which is one of the key industries for Ukraine. Among the consequences of this aggression are a decrease in production levels, an increase in costs for security and infrastructure restoration, an increased risk of losing personnel and crops, as well as complications in the export of products. The purpose of this study is to assess the state of the agricultural sector under the conditions of war and to investigate the peculiarities of the activities and adaptation to war of individual agricultural producers, using farmers as an example. To achieve this goal, the dialectical method of cognition of economic processes, the basic principles of modern economic theory, and scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists studying the impact of war on the development of the agricultural sector of the economy were used. A sociological research method, in particular interviews, was used to achieve the research goal. The article examines the role of the agricultural sector in the Ukrainian economy and global food security, analyzes the impact of the war on the agricultural sector, and characterizes the current state of agricultural activity under the conditions of war using farmers as an example. According to the obtained data, the impact of war on the agricultural sector is significant and has various economic, social, and environmental consequences. The study shows that some commodity producers, using farmers as an example, have adapted to the war and have been able to maintain their market positions, while others have suffered significant losses and could not function properly. This research can be an important source of information for the development of state policy on support for agricultural commodity producers, specifically farmers, under the conditions of war and post-war recovery. It is necessary to consider the possibility of attracting investments in the agricultural sector, supporting farmers through a credit system, and cooperating between farmers

REGULATION AND DEREGULATION: STRIKING A BALANCE BETWEEN CONTROL AND ENTREPRENEURIAL FREEDOM

The article examines the state and issues of deregulation, identifies directions for the formation of an organizational and economic mechanism to ensure effective regulatory policy in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. It is based on the principles and strategic directions of regulatory policy in Ukraine in the context of sustainable development, the organizational and legal aspects of making regulatory decisions by legislative and executive authorities in Ukraine, as well as coordination mechanisms involving the State Regulatory Service. The state is responsible for exercising regulatory functions to manage development. On the other hand, excessive control and excessive intervention in all spheres of activity, instead of managed development, lead to a decrease in the efficiency of the entire system's functioning. The experience of Ukraine proves this: according to international comparisons, the country has the highest level of regulation with the lowest GDP per capita in Europe. It is argued that the strategy should include a complex of practical measures of organizational and economic nature, as well as regulatory measures that apply to the entire economy of Ukraine as a whole and to individual enterprises within the agricultural sector, within defined principles. Among the general organizational and economic measures, the implementation of the "regulatory guillotine" method for swift review and maximum abolition of existing administrative constraints is identified. The alignment of subsequent regulatory acts with EU requirements, along with the creation of a corresponding registry accessible to the public, is also considered. It is emphasized that this process should be fully in line with the existing algorithm for the adoption and tracking of regulatory acts, involving all interested parties. Moreover, it is important to work within the existing coordination mechanism to prevent the creation of additional organizational structures in the form of special commissions, services, or committees to avoid manual control.

The war effect: a macro view of the economic and environmental situation of Ukraine

ABSTRACT Today, Ukraine find itself in a very difficult situation, on the one hand, the already unstable economy has just begun to recover after the coronavirus crisis; on the other hand, it is suffering colossal losses from Russian aggression. The article examines the current economic and ecological state of Ukraine, considering the influence of such drastic external factors as a military invasion with the aim of determining the prerequisites for the formation of an effective social and environmental policy and developing approaches to the improvement and stabilization of the national economy. To achieve the goals of the article, have been used intersectoral balance and in particular economic impact analysis (EIA), which was conducted on the example of the Ukrainian agricultural sector, because it is one of the three driving forces of its economy. The results of the study showed the scenarios of possible changes and their consequences for the economy of the state as a whole, and in the future can be used for study in order to develop new and improve existing methods of solving socio-economic problems at the national level and preserving natural capital, as one of the key elements on path to sustainable development.

Essential and substantive features of balanced spatial development of rural areas: national and global aspects

The article examines theoretical and conceptual approaches to understanding the balanced spatial development of rural areas in the context of transformational economic processes in the agricultural sector of Ukraine and global environmental challenges. The purpose of the study is to further form a systematic view of balanced sustainable development of rural areas with an emphasis on the specifics of agrarian natural resource management. The essence of the economic space of rural areas is revealed through the peculiarities of balanced agricultural management, as well as the use of natural resource potential, in particular, land and resource potential. A system of socio-ecological, economic and institutional directions of management of a conceptual nature has been formed in order to intensify the balanced and continuous transformation of the economic space of rural areas. The developed conceptual directions are a prerequisite for ensuring the economisation and ecologisation of the territorial-spatial organisation of the rational use and reproduction of agricultural potential (in particular, land and resource, natural resource). Particular attention is paid to the issues of determining the structural and functional construction of the space of rural areas on the basis of balanced agricultural management. The proposed structuring of the economic space of agriculture by various criteria is a generalised characteristic of the balanced spatial development of rural areas. The characteristics by means of which the economic space of rural areas receives its qualitative definition (capacity, saturation, density, development, connectivity, tension) are given.

THE ROLE OF TEAMWORK IN CREATING A STRATEGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION CHANGES

This article explores the theoretical and practical aspects of the strategy for developing agricultural enterprises. It also determines the role of teamwork in the context of globalization, the destruction of traditional supply chains, and the socio-economic crisis caused by large-scale invasions. Developing a business activity strategy is an important tool for ensuring competitiveness in the market under conditions of uncertainty and competition. It is a complex of actions aimed at achieving goals, rational use of resources, and obtaining maximum profitability in the future. The state of the agricultural sector in Ukraine is considered, the main problems and ways of solving them in the context of globalization are characterized. The main problem for most enterprises in the industry is a lack of working capital and a collapse of international credit programs. Liquidity problems are caused by low sales volumes and an increase in logistics costs. Obtaining greater profits is possible by reorienting towards oil crops, spring barley, spring wheat, peas, oats, buckwheat, and reducing corn cultivation. As a result of analyzing the strategies of agro-industrial sector enterprises, it was determined that companies engaged in product processing have positive results. The article analyzes the practical experience of leading agro-industrial enterprises: Kernel, MHP, HarvEast, IMC, Astarta. This text discusses the strategies used by companies during war. It emphasizes the importance of teamwork in developing a strategy and highlights the effectiveness of long-term strategies during crises. As a result of the study, it was determined that the effectiveness of the work of an agricultural enterprise depends to a greater extent on a long-term strategy and a reserve of financial resources, and anti-crisis measures play a smaller role.

Analysis of Trends in Mortgage Lending in the Agricultural Sector of Ukraine

This study has the following objectives: to analyze the state of agrarian business lending and the market of banking services, establish the reasons for the insufficient level of mortgage lending implementation, and develop ways and tools to improve lending to the agrarian sector. The research methodology considers a systematic approach to the statistical analysis of bank lending in the agricultural sector of Ukraine, the development of criteria, and the implementation of the hierarchy analysis method for the reasonable selection of a loan product and banking institution. We conducted an analysis of the current state of lending to agricultural enterprises. We also analyzed lending trends, loan products, and basic lending terms by banks of Ukraine to agricultural enterprises. The share of bank lending of the working capital of the agricultural industry was estimated. The dynamics of preferential lending to the agricultural sector were determined. Its essence is that banks with partial repayment of loan rates are given loans at the expense of the state budget. The directions and volumes of borrowed loan resources usage by agricultural enterprises were considered. It is recommended to use the hierarchy analysis method by T. Saaty for choosing an effective loan product. We developed the criteria that could be applied when selecting a loan product. We also determined potential directions for the development of mortgage lending for the agricultural sector.

Transformation of the state regulatory policy in the agricultural sector of Ukraine

Ukraine is taking appropriate measures to achieve an important national priority - to become a rightful and active participant in global economic processes. This is evidenced by the adoption of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union, where cooperation in the agricultural sector is given an important place, in particular in economic development and increasing the number of livestock. The article aims to identify current problems and justify priority measures for the effective development of integration processes in the agricultural sector of Ukraine with the European Union. The methods used to write this article are analysis, synthesis, generalization, explanation, and qualification of data. The analytical method was applied to objectively assess the socioeconomic processes in the agricultural sector of Ukraine, and comparative analysis was used to study the institutional environment in the European Union and Ukraine. The state regulatory policy in the agricultural sector will ensure: proper regulation of the use of pesticides and other chemicals; development and implementation of financial support mechanisms for agricultural enterprises; development of an electronic system of monitoring and control of product quality. The importance of improving the system of state management of the agricultural sector of Ukraine has been proven.

FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF LOGISTICS EXPENSES OF ENTERPRISES UNDER MILITARY CONDITIONS

The peculiarities of the formation and functioning of logistics activities during the full-scale invasion of Russia into Ukraine were studied.
 This article highlights the problems of logistics development in Ukraine during the martial law and the prospects for their solution. Considered the problems faced by the Ukrainian logistics business before the full-scale offensive of the Russian Federation. Logistics costs until February 24, 2022 and after were analyzed, relevant conclusions were drawn, namely the unprofitability of Ukrainian enterprises and their crisis situation.
 Attention was also paid to such issues as transportation by land transport and sea vessels - blockade of railways and ports. The consequences of increasing the coefficients of transportation tariffs are highlighted.
 Ukraine is one of the world leaders in the export of grain. But due to Russian aggression, the main logistics route for this product — the Black Sea — was blocked. The mentioned aid from Turkey and the creation of the "Grain Corridor", during which the export of Ukrainian grain became possible. The Grain From Ukraine initiative, which was successfully adopted and agreed upon by the President of Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelenskyi, is a project called "Grain from Ukraine", which aims to provide more than five million people with grain by the end of spring 2023. The future of Ukrainian exports of agricultural products will largely depend on the continuation of the "grain agreement".
 The problems of Ukrainian ports and railways are identified, and alternative ways of moving transport are given. For cross-border transportation, transit routes with countries such as Poland, Hungary, Moldova, Slovakia, and Romania are used.
 The article also mentions business activities in the west, during which investment and fulfillment are increasing. Options for improving the efficiency of logistics supply chains are indicated. It is noted that the situation on the market, both domestic and foreign, changes almost every day, so this trend will continue in the future.
 If the situation with the availability of logistics does not improve, not only the Ukrainian agricultural sector will be at risk, but also the macroeconomic stability of the country, as well as global food security.

Features of financial support for the innovative development of Ukraine's agricultural sector

The article considers the financial aspects and mechanisms of ensuring the innovative development of the agricultural sector in Ukraine. The agricultural industry is one of the critical sectors of the country's economy and has significant potential for creative growth and increased competitiveness. The main challenges Ukraine's agrarian sector faces in the context of innovative development and securing the necessary financial resources are analyzed. Key factors influencing agribusinesses' financial stability and growth are highlighted, such as high dependency on external markets, insufficient credit availability, low levels of investment, and limited opportunities for research and development funding. In addressing these issues, the potential of implementing new financial instruments and mechanisms is explored, such as government grants, venture capital, public-private partnerships, and other forms of co-financing. Existing state programs supporting agricultural innovation are analyzed, identifying their advantages and disadvantages. The article places significant emphasis on the role of government institutions and regulatory bodies in stimulating the innovative development of the agricultural sector through effective regulation and the creation of favorable conditions for investment. The importance of developing the scientific and technical potential of the industry and actively supporting research aimed at innovation in agro-industrial production is also discussed. The overall conclusion is that the innovative development of Ukraine's agricultural sector has great potential, but its successful realization depends on adequate financial support. Government structures play a leading role in this, as they need to develop strategic plans to support innovation and ensure the proper funding for implementing innovative projects. Keywords: innovations, agricultural sector, financial support, investments, government support, development, Ukraine.

Forwards as one of the main investment instruments in the agricultural sector of Ukraine

The current transformation of the country’s economic system determines instability in the terms and mechanisms of the agricultural sector financing. The use of new financial instruments enhances the capacity of the agricultural sector of the national economy to generate investment resources. Financial instruments such as bank lending, leasing services and investment in agricultural projects are now widely known and used. Improving the investment attractiveness of the country’s agricultural sector and its development potential can be achieved through the introduction of modern financial instruments such as forward and futures contracts. The use of these financial instruments is a promising direction of formation of investment resources. Forwards will be especially useful for those agricultural producers who lost their crops last year and feel a working capital deficit.
 The article considers the essence and classification of financial instruments; special attention is paid to the derivative financial instruments. The international experience of their use, as well as their use in the agricultural sector of the economy of Ukraine, has been studied. The main problems faced by market participants of the financial instruments market were revealed. The use of modern market instruments for price risks hedging and trends of the derivatives’ development as hedging instruments on the case of the agro-industrial company is analysed. The main problems of market participants in the agricultural sector of Ukraine have been identified and recommendations on the conditions for the use of financial instruments have been given. Recommendations on the development of derivatives in the grain market of Ukraine and the necessary actions by the interested parties, in particular government agencies, grain market participants, agricultural producers, investors have been developed. The necessity of using modern financial instruments to form the investment resources in the agricultural sector of the economy by combining internal (agrarian receipts, leasing services, forwards, bank financing) and external (bonds, letters of credit, guarantees, factoring) financial instruments for the agricultural sector producers is demonstrated.

ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ ВНУТРІШНЬОГОСПОДАРСЬКОГО КОНТРОЛЮ В АГРАРНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ ТА ЙОГО ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ

The article discusses the features of organizing on-farm control in agricultural enterprises. To begin with, we examined the development of the agricultural sector in Ukraine in recent years and the impact of the war on it. It was the agricultural sector that proved to be the most resilient during the war and supported the economy of our country in more difficult times. It has been studied that the agricultural sector in Ukraine is developing at a rapid pace, which is why it is necessary to use and implement an effective system of on-farm control. The Ukrainian government should develop the agricultural sector and focus on building effective government programs to stimulate exports and maximize government support. Next, we analyzed the essence of on-farm control over the interpretations of various scientific researchers and determined the most appropriate interpretation, in our opinion. It has been determined that on-farm control is a system of methods and procedures carried out by company management in accordance with current legislation and internal regulations, contributing to the improvement of production and economic activities and the high-quality implementation of management decisions and job responsibilities by employees. For agricultural companies, on-farm accounting is extremely important, because management needs to monitor all business processes, which start from the purchase of materials and end with the sale of finished products. As a result, we proposed an electronic digital control program "Digital Company", which should help optimize costs in all business processes and departments of agricultural enterprises. Without organizing effective work of on-farm control, it is impossible to achieve the implementation of any socio-economic development strategy for the future. In addition, it should be noted that on-farm control, acting as a source of information, largely makes it possible to determine the adoption of management decisions. Therefore, on-farm control acts as a significant element of the economic security system in agricultural enterprises, and the "Digital Company" electronic management system we propose will allow you to quickly see a holistic picture of all business processes of an agricultural enterprise.

Problems of personnel management and labour resources in the agricultural sector of Ukraine: Ways to ensure the well-being of society

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the fact that despite the variety of issues, the focus of personnel management is on a person who is considered a spe-cial element of the organisation, an entity with a unique resource of widely under-stood capabilities and needs. Their specific location, with proper management, creates the value of the organisation and determines its competitiveness. Age management is defined as an element of human resource management or an ele-ment of management of a wider variety, which consists in the implementation of measures that allow for a more rational use of human resources in agricultural en-terprises, by considering the needs and capabilities of employees of any age. The purpose of the study is to consider the problems of personnel management and labour resources in the agricultural sector of Ukraine in 2000-2020. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: strategic, holistic, and organisational. Ef-fective personnel management can, among other things, contribute to improving the efficiency of the company, reducing the cost of human resource management, growth and competitiveness, and maintaining a good or improved image. It is very difficult to clearly determine the time at which the ageing process begins. The breakdown by chronological age is not suitable for employees to perform various professional roles. Often, when a person's life lengthens, the period of their effec-tive functioning also increases without those limiting qualities attributed to old age. The changing abilities of a person to perform work are mainly caused by a de-crease in physical performance and fitness, and some psychophysical skills. The task of the personnel and labour resources system is, first of all, to increase the ef-ficiency of the tasks performed by individual employees, to improve the organisa-tion's potential through a detailed definition of training and development needs, to support the personnel decision-making process and the development of personnel policy. The practical significance lies in the productive construction of personnel management and labour resources in the agricultural sector, due to the allocation of relevant problems of the sphere under consideration in Ukraine in 2000-2020.

Post-war restoration of the agricultural sector of the economy on the basis of the bioeconomy

The study focuses on the study of the impact of the military conflict on the agricultural sector of Ukraine and the formulation of recovery strategies based on bio-economic principles, emphasizing the critical losses of the agricultural sector and the importance of an innovative approach. Purpose of the article. The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of wartime conditions on the agricultural sector of Ukraine and to develop strategies for the restoration of agriculture on the basis of bioeconomy. Research methods: The research is based on an integrated approach, using methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis, including statistical analysis of data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, methods of system analysis to assess the complex relationships between various aspects of the agricultural sector. Research results. It was established that the full-scale war with Russia led to a significant drop in agricultural production and exports, which requires a review of agricultural management strategies and the introduction of the latest technologies. The proposed strategic solutions include the development of biotechnology, organic farming, circular economy, as well as the integration of bioenergy, which will contribute to increasing the efficiency of agriculture, reducing dependence on imports and ensuring sustainable development. The study highlights the need for an integrated approach to agricultural development, which includes stimulating investment in bioeconomy projects, infrastructure development, and increasing the efficiency of production using biotechnologies.

КАПІТАЛІЗАЦІЯ ІНТЕГРОВАНИХ АГРАРНО-ПРОМИСЛОВИХ ФОРМУВАНЬ У ВОЄННИЙ ПЕРІОД

In the current conditions of the destruction of the agricultural sector in Ukraine as a result of armed aggression, fierce competition in the sector is intensifying. The enterprises that remained on the market, in addition to internalcompetition, also have tough external competition with leading agricul-tural holdings of other countries. Therefore, in order to ensure an appropriate level of competition on global markets for domestic agricultural enterprises, it is necessary to form newmechanisms for ensur-ing the economic security of both the sector and the state in general. The agro-industrial sector is a strategically important aspect of ensuring food and economic security of the country, especially in the conditions of martial law and post-war reconstruction of the state. One of these directions is the creation of agricultural and industrial formations that will allow enterprises to create a closed cycle of produc-tion, which will contribute to increasing their competitiveness and economic stability.The article examines the main aspects of ensuring economic security through the development of capitalization of agrarian and industrial formations. Positive and negative aspects of the capitalization of integrated formations were singled out. The main directions of capitalization of agricultural and industrial formations are proposed. The importance of the development of the agricultural sector of the economy for the country's economic and food security has been proven. The structure of theagrarian sector of the economy in the general structure of the state economy is analyzed. Ten leaders of the agricultural industry in Ukraine are singled out. The activity of the largest integrated agro-industrial formations in Ukraine is studied, the peculiarities of their functioning, the state of development and capitalization of assets are highlighted. Directions for increasing the capitalization of integrated agri-cultural and industrial formations are proposed

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА У ЧЕРНІГІВСЬКІЙ ОБЛАСТІ

Agriculture, without a doubt, can be considered one of the most important sectors of the national economy of Ukraine. Moreover, as indicated in specialized economic literature, "the agricultural sector is becoming the main budget-forming sphere of the Ukrainian economy" [3, p. 5]. This makes the problems of its further dynamic development, ways, and time for their resolution particularly relevant. The article is characterized by the following features. Firstly, it is based on the analysis of purely statistical data on the dynamics of agricultural production in the Chernihiv region, mostly for the period from 2010 to 2020, with their annual specification for the last 5 years. In this regard, it is considered necessary to pay separate attention to the following aspects: A) As far as we know, a feature of the mentioned region is that it has the highest proportion of enterprises in the total volume of agricultural production; if in Ukraine as a whole it is at the level of 64.6%, then in Chernihiv region it is within 82.2%, so choosing the agricultural sector of the economy in the mentioned region as the subject of research was not accidental. It is quite reasonable, perhaps, that with the consideration of the trends that have taken place in the agricultural sector of Ukraine in recent years, the agricultural sector of Chernihiv region is a kind of flagship, which only strengthens the interest in studying its specifics. B) To some extent, an exception is that data on changes in the structure of production of the most important types of agricultural products were considered in an expanded version, for the period from 2000 to 2020. Moreover, their consideration was isolated, with a division into the production of plant and animal sub-sectors separately in each of the main groups of agricultural producers today (including farms). In this regard, a vivid illustration of the changes that have taken place in agriculture in Chernihiv region in the specified period is, in particular, their specification in the structure of meat production by its types (see fig. 1). On the other hand, one of the most important, if not the main, features of the proposed article is the consideration of the dynamics of development of the main groups of goods producers today, such as agricultural enterprises and peasant farms; the dynamics of development of individual farms in this case was not separately considered, although given that in Chernihiv region, farms of this type accounted for approximately 1/10 of the volume of agricultural production, this is one of the highest indicators in Ukraine. The dynamics of agricultural production for the period from 2010 to 2020, as already mentioned, was considered as a whole and in terms of its main components, that is, the mechanics of changes that took place in the production structure during the period were studied. With the above in mind, it is also necessary to separately consider the dynamics of such components of agricultural production as crop production and animal husbandry in each of the main groups of goods producers. In this regard, it remains to add that based on the data presented in tables 2, 3, and 4, it would be possible to significantly expand the range of additional information, in particular, to separately study the specifics of the dynamics of development of the main sub-sectors of agriculture, such as crop or animal husbandry. This is, in general, the essence of the proposed article.

Розвиток міжнародних торговельних відносин аграрного сектору економіки України в контексті євроінтеграції

The article examines modern trends in the development of international trade relations in the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy as one of the determining factors in the context of European integration. Peculiarities of Ukraine's participation in agricultural export-import operations are analyzed. It was emphasized that Ukraine is currently at the initial stage of entering the world agricultural markets, domestic food exports are dominated by raw materials or products with little added value, and the export of ready-made food products has not acquired significant volumes. It was determined that due to the agrarian sector of the economy, the food supply of the state, the national market and export potential are formed. It was noted that Ukraine's adherence to the principles and rules of conduct in international trade and other economic relations determined by international unions and organizations contributes to the development of foreign economic trade activities. There has been indicated the need to implement a number of measures to adapt the market environment, build regulatory mechanisms on harmonized institutional bases, for mutually beneficial integration of Ukraine and the EU. It has been studied that with the beginning of the Free Trade Zone with the European Union functioning, Ukraine ensures the approximation of the domestic agricultural sector to the market conditions of management, carries out adaptation to the Common Agrarian Policy of the EU. It has been proven that the dynamics of foreign trade in agricultural products of Ukraine with EU countries indicates a rapid and mutually beneficial strengthening of economic ties, reciprocal attractiveness of trade in food products. Studies show that the agricultural sector of Ukraine has demonstrated positive dynamics in the development of international trade in agricultural and food products in recent years. Emphasis is placed on creating more favorable conditions for the activation of foreign economic trade relations, which should become a strategic priority of the state.

СОЦІАЛЬНА ІНКЛЮЗІЯ ЯК ПРІОРИТЕТ ПОДАЛЬШОГО РОЗВИТКУ АГРАРНОГО СЕКТОРУ І СІЛЬСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ

Agriculture is a priority sector of the development of the domestic economy, determines its strategic vector of development and the possibility of ensuring food and national security. However, in order to solve these important tasks, it is necessary to overcome inclusive social gaps, which under modern conditions take place in the agrarian sector and rural areas of Ukraine. The article examines the content of social inclusion, the main forms of its manifestation and consequences for the development of the agrarian economy. According to the results of analytical studies, it was found that the agricultural sector of Ukraine's economy is characterized by significant socio-economic problems, which are manifested as a reduction in the reproduction of the rural population, a gap in the income level of the rural and urban population, problems of employment and unemployment, social guarantees and living conditions, potential opportunities and prospects for the development of the rural population. The importance of overcoming inclusive social gaps is recognized by world practice and outlined as one of the strategic priorities of European agricultural policy and at the level of international organizations and associations. In order to solve these problems within national practice, the article made an attempt to justify the system of strategic priorities of socio-economic development of the agricultural sector and rural areas. The areas of harmonization of inclusive development and possible mechanisms of their provision are outlined. The volume of inclusive social investment in Ukraine is analyzed. The impact of international organizations and partnerships in helping to solve the tasks of inclusive social development of the village was revealed. The analysis of the strategic priorities and realities of the development of the domestic agrarian sphere showed that social inclusion is an important direction of transformations for the national economy, and the following can be its priority tools for their implementation: innovations, inclusive value chains, risk management, sustainable use of resources, activation of social integration in the countryside, implementation of inclusive models of poverty reduction and ensuring access to fair receipt and distribution of income for residents of rural areas.

CONCEPTUAL BASIS OF POST-WAR TRANSFORMATIONS OF AGRICULTURE OF UKRAINE

Stable and efficient functioning of agriculture has gained priority importance in ensuring food independence of the country. However, the Russian military invasion and temporary occupation of part of the territory of Ukraine caused significant destructive consequences in the agricultural sphere. The purpose of the article is to analyze the state of agriculture during the war and outline the structural transformation during the post-war reconstruction period. The task is outlined by determining the amount of losses in the agricultural sector from Russian aggression and choosing the vector of transformational shifts in its post-war reconstruction and further development. The empirical base includes information from the Institute of Agrarian Economics, the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine, scientific and review publications. Theoretical and applied processing of information is based on tabular methods ‒ to build series of production dynamics and outline agricultural production management systems; methods of system analysis ‒ for comparative characteristics of the functioning of the individual and corporate sectors of agriculture, identifying the causes and consequences of the problematic situation in the industry; abstraction ‒ to highlight the most essential signs, properties and connections that characterize the development of the agricultural sector; substantiation and generalization ‒ to establish the regularities of the further development of agriculture. As a result of the study, it was established that the agricultural sector of Ukraine's economy suffered significant losses from hostilities. The advantages and disadvantages of the individual and corporate sectors of agriculture are substantiated. The advantages and disadvantages of the corporate sector or wholesale agrarian business in Ukraine are presented on the example of the functioning of agricultural holdings. The advantages of the individual sector in ensuring the domestic consumer market have been proven. The ways of post-war reconstruction of agriculture based on the principles of farming in accordance with the recommendations of the UN and the common agrarian policy of the European Union are substantiated.

State policy in the agricultural sector of Ukraine in the context of demographic changes

Introduction. The agricultural sector has a direct impact on providing Ukraine and the world with grain, oil crops, and food. It is also a source of filling the state budget of Ukraine with currency funds. Taking into account the existing geopolitical circumstances (military aggression of Russia against Ukraine) – it plays an important role in ensuring national and global food security. The state of agricultural development, which has been formed over the past decades, is directly related to the policy pursued by the state in the agrarian sector of the economy. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to generalize the theoretical foundations and practical approaches to solving the problem of employment in the countryside, which existed before and new ones that began to arise as a result of structural reforms of the economy of Ukraine and directly in its agrarian sector. Method (methodology). The following scientific methods of knowledge are used in the article: the method of system analysis, the statistical, abstract-logical method when summarizing the changes that occurred in the number of employed rural population during the structural reforms of the economy in general and the agrarian sector in particular; induction and deduction when justifying the further policy of state regulation with the aim support of the agrarian sector of the economy for the future. Results. The changes that occurred during the transformations of the agrarian sector of the economy are summarized, in particular in the number and structure of the population employed in agriculture, their wages; crisis demographic trends are noted. The priority areas of implementation of state support for the agricultural sector have been determined. Priority measures to ensure the employment of the rural population are proposed and substantiated. It was determined that there is an urgent need to modernize the state regulatory policy in the agrarian sector of the Ukrainian economy. It should include the following components: development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the agricultural sector; development and support of agricultural cooperation; promotion of diversification of employment of the rural population; development and implementation of modernization programs and creation of new jobs; increasing the income level of the rural population; creation of favorable living conditions and reproduction of the labor potential of the rural population; development of local infrastructure.