Quality Of Agricultural Land Research Articles

Spatial and Temporal Variability of the Microbiological and Chemical Properties of Soils under Wheat and Oilseed Rape Cultivation

The size of the microbial biomass and the activity of soil enzymes are among the most sensitive indicators of agricultural land quality. The aim of this study was to determine the spatial and temporal variability of microbial biomass, the activity of dehydrogenase (DHA) enzyme and the concentration of micro- (Na, Mg and Ca) and macroelements (Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe) in the soil, collected from 37 measurement sites (depth 0–30 cm) in a 40-hectare field during two growing seasons (wheat and oilseed rape). The percentage of nitrogen (%N) in the wheat grain and rapeseeds was also determined. Mapping the spatial distribution of the microbial biomass, the level of DHA activity and the concentration of the selected elements was used to assess the soil productivity. All tested soil parameters exhibited temporal and spatial variability. The creation of raster maps showing the distribution of the tested parameters allowed the observation of a higher nitrogen content in wheat grains in the south-western part of the field, with high values of DHA activity, bacterial biomass and soil pH. In the case of oilseed rape, plants grown in the northern part of the field were characterized by a higher nitrogen content in the grain, where the soil was characterized by a higher content of fungal biomass. On the basis of the obtained research results, a positive, statistically significant correlation was also shown between the biomass of bacteria and the level of DHA in the soil under the cultivation of both wheat and rape. The cultivation of both crops had a significant impact on the size of the microbial biomass pool and on the DHA activity level but did not affect the concentration of the nutrients in the soil. High concentrations of the analyzed elements at the measuring points correlated with a greater %N content in the grain/seeds of the crops harvested at those locations in the field. The results conclude that the mapping of the physicochemical parameters, microbial biomass and activity on the field permits the development of an effective strategy for maintaining sustainable soil productivity through the appropriate management of agricultural practices and the better approximation of mineral fertilization.

Accumulation Effects and Health Risks of Heavy Metals in Rice in Location-based Cadmium Anomaly Area in Liuzhou

In order to explore the migration and transformation characteristics of soil heavy metals in rice in an area of ground source cadmium anomaly and to evaluate the safe planting of rice, a total of 91 pairs of soil and rice samples were collected from paddy fields in the typical area of Liuzhou city, Guangxi province, and the contents of heavy metals such as Cd, soil pH, and organic matter were tested. The results showed that:① Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn in the paddy field exceeded the background values of 92.31%, 34.07%, 36.26%, and 90.11%, respectively. Compared with the screening values in the Soil Environmental Quality Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Risk Control Standard, Cd and Zn exceeded 30.53% and 25.26%, respectively. Super standard points were mainly distributed in Fushi Town. ② Cd and Ni exceeded 35.16% and 3.30%, respectively, and Daliang town had the highest Cd enrichment coefficient and Cd exceeded rate. ③ Correlation analysis showed that soil pH was the main influencing factor of heavy metals in rice, and Cd and Ni had similar pollution sources in rice. ④ The results of rice health risk assessment showed that the THQ value of rice Cd in Daliang town was greater than 1.0, indicating the potential health risk of rice Cd in this area. The TTHQ values were all greater than 1.0, indicating that the risks to children were higher than those to adult women, which were higher than those of adult men, showing that reasonable dietary structure is crucial to prevent heavy metal intake in different ages and genders. Therefore, there are certain risks in rice planting in the Liuzhou area of ground source cadmium anomaly, which need to be controlled using different safety utilization measures.

Pengukuran Tingkat Kelembapan Tanah Dan Suhu Berbasis Arduino Uno pada Kelompok Tani Karya Maju II (Dua)

Electronic technology has recently developed rapidly, almost all aspects of daily human life have been covered by equipment with electronic technology systems, both using analog and digital control systems. Measurement is very important in science, especially in engineering. Measurement plays an important role in helping human work. As a country with vast natural resources, agriculture has enormous potential as state revenue. In addition, the agricultural sector is one of the most important sectors that increase the economic growth of the Indonesian people. One of the most important factors in agriculture is the quality of agricultural land. The better the agricultural land, the agricultural output will also increase. Factors that affect the quality of agricultural land are soil moisture and temperature. The life of biological elements contained in the soil including hosts, pathogens, and other microorganisms which vary greatly is influenced by soil moisture factors. condition of agricultural land in the area of Air Satan village. farmers in the air satan village have difficulty monitoring soil fertility in agricultural areas in the air satan village area, therefore the author wants to develop a tool that functions to measure the level of soil moisture with the measurement results displayed using a 16x2 LC which can be directly seen in order to make it easier for farmers or farmer groups in monitoring soil moisture and temperature in the agricultural area of Airsatan Village.

«Зеленая экономика» и органическое сельское хозяйство как способ решения экологических и социальных проблем Алтайского края

The article analyzes the prerequisites for the implementation of the concept of "green economy" in the Altai Territory, evaluates the practical steps taken in this direction, and identifies constraints to its implementation. The structure of arable lands by the level of acidity and the level of humus in the region was evaluated; the structure of irrigated lands of agricultural organizations in the regions of the Altai Territory was analyzed; problems associated with the deterioration of the quality of agricultural land were identified. It is concluded that the "green economy" will become one of the ways to create areas without chronic rural poverty, since environmentally friendly products are much more expensive than conventional ones, and organic agriculture will increase farmers' incomes, which will eventually lead to the preservation and development of rural areas.

SOIL MACROFAUNA AND MESOFAUNA COMMUNITY ON AGRICULTURAL LAND IN PLIKEN VILLAGE, KEMBARAN DISTRICT, BANYUMAS REGENCY

Soil is a habitat for various types of fauna, especially macrofauna and soil mesofauna. In general, fertile soil can be found on land used for agricultural activities. The purpose of this study was to determine and reveal the community structure of soil macrofauna and mesofauna which includes individual count, diversity, and dominance as well as environmental quality on agricultural land in Pliken Village, Kembaran District, Banyumas Regency in 2021. The study was carried out in January-June 2021. by using survey method and purposive random sampling technique. Sampling of soil macrofauna and mesofauna was carried out in three locations, namely agricultural land in the west, north, and south of the village. Data sampling was carried out in the morning (07.00-09.00 am) and at night (19.00-21.00 am) 6 times with an interval of once a month. Soil macrofauna and meofuana that had been obtained were identified using the Taxonomy and Identification Key book. An Introduction to the Study of Insects and other references related to the identification of soil macrofauna During the study, 2717 soil macrofauna were found which belong to 15 Orders, 31 Families and 40 Species, while for soil mesofauna, 500 individuals were obtained which belong to 14 Orders, 18 Families. and 21 species.The highest individual count for soil macrofauna came from the Formicideae family (86.86%), while the highest individual count for soil mesofauna came from the Isotomideae family (27%). The index of soil macrofauna diversity on agricultural land in Pliken Village ranged from 0.997- 1,789 with an average of 1,287 which means the level of diversity is moderate, while the index Soil mesofauna diversity ranges from 1.13 to 2.15 with an average of 1.65 which means the level of diversity is moderate. Soil macrofauna dominance index is moderate with a range of 0.264 - 0.546 which indicates that there is still dominance by certain soil macrofauna, namely the Formicideae (ant) family, while the soil mesofauna dominance index ranges from 0.13 to 0.38 with an average of 0.23 which indicates the absence of a predominant species. The environmental quality of agricultural land in Pliken Village is categorized as good to support the life of macrofauna and soil mesofauna. Keywords : Soil Macrofauna, Soil Mesofauna, Individual Count, Diversity, Dominance, Pliken Village Agricultural Land

Multi-Indicator and Geospatial Based Approaches for Assessing Variation of Land Quality in Arid Agroecosystems

Novel spatial models for appraising arable land resources using data processing techniques can increase insight into agroecosystem services. Hence, the principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchal cluster analysis (HCA), analytical hierarchy process (AHP), fuzzy logic, and geographic information system (GIS) were integrated to zone and map agricultural land quality in an arid desert area (Matrouh Governorate, Egypt). Satellite imageries, field surveys, and soil analyses were employed to define eighteen indicators for terrain, soil, and vegetation qualities, which were then reduced through PCA to a minimum data set (MDS). The original and MDS were weighted by AHP through experts’ opinions. Within GIS, the raster layers were generated, standardized using fuzzy membership functions (linear and non-linear), and assembled using arithmetic mean and weighted sum algorithms to produce eight land quality index maps. The soil properties (pH, salinity, organic matter, and sand), slope, surface roughness, and vegetation could adequately express the land quality. Accordingly, the HCA could classify the area into eight spatial zones with significant heterogeneity. Selecting salt-tolerant crops, applying leaching fraction, adopting sulfur and organic applications, performing land leveling, and using micro-irrigation are the most recommended practices. Highly significant (p < 0.01) positive correlations occurred among all the developed indices. Nevertheless, the coefficient of variation (CV) and sensitivity index (SI) confirmed the better performance of the index developed from the non-linearly scored MDS and weighted sum model. It could achieve the highest discrimination in land qualities (CV > 35%) and was the most sensitive (SI = 3.88) to potential changes. The MDS within this index could sufficiently represent TDS (R2 = 0.88 and Kappa statistics = 0.62), reducing time, effort, and cost for estimating the land performance. The proposed approach would provide guidelines for sustainable land-use planning in the studied area and similar regions.

Investigation of Groundwater Logging for Possible Changes in Recharge Boundaries and Conditions in the City of Aswan, Egypt

Groundwater is of great importance in our daily life, and its importance is due to its multiple uses, whether in agriculture, industry or other uses. Increasing the Groundwater Levels (GWL) in any area is a great benefit for its importance and multiplicity of uses, but in the city of Aswan, it is different, as the increase in the GWL causes severe damage to buildings and leads to poor quality of agricultural land and the destruction of infrastructure due to the lack of good management. The main objective of this study is to develop a conceptual model of the groundwater system to gain better understanding of water dynamics in the study area and to investigate different management scenarios of the use of groundwater. The model was developed using MODFLOW code to achieve the objective of the study, where the necessary field data were collected to feed the model from the study area, such as Surface Water Levels (SWL) in the Aswan Dam lake and the Nile River, GWL in the Aswan Aquifer and the different characteristics of the layers constituting the aquifer, such as porosity and recharge for different periods to ensure obtaining the most accurate and best results from the model. The model was calibrated with mean residual and absolute mean residual which reached −0.08 and 0.629 m, respectively, with a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.737m and a normalized RMSE of 4.319%. Two future scenarios have been developed to arrive at a future vision of GWL in the Aswan aquifer. The first scenario investigated GWL in the study area by changing the values of recharge to the aquifer resulting from an increase in the drinking water and sewage networks’ leakage values, which were predicted in the future for years 2025, 2030, 2035 and 2040. The GWL in the study area are increasing as a result of the increase in the amount of leakage in the years 2025, 2030, 2035 and 2040 compared to the GWL in the study area for the year 2020 by 0.29%, 1.31%, 2.01% and 3.16%, respectively. The second scenario investigated GWL by changing the water levels in El hebs (the lake between the High Dam and the Aswan Dam) as follows (108 m, 110 m, 112 m, 114 m, 116 m and 118 m), where the groundwater levels were calculated in the Aswan Aquifer corresponding to each level. The percentage of increase in groundwater levels corresponding to the levels 108 m, 110 m, 112 m, 114 m, 116 m and 118 m compared to the groundwater levels at the level of 106 m was found as follows: 0.92%, 2%, 2.87%, 4.05%, 4.91% and 5.67%, respectively. The simulation results are intended to support integrated groundwater modeling for the components of the hydrological water budget in the city of Aswan. Furthermore, the model provides us with a better understanding of long-term scenarios for the waterlogging in the city. The results are useful for managing the water logging problems and planning the future infrastructure in the city of Aswan.

Evaluation of FTIR, Macro and Micronutrients of Compost from Black Soldier Fly Residual: in Context of Its Use as Fertilizer

The extensive use of chemical inorganic fertilizers promotes the degradation of agricultural land quality and leads to various environmental contaminations. Owing to these problems, the alternative way called “organic farming” has been developed through the use of organic fertilizers including compost. In this study, compost product obtained from composting process by using larvae as the biological agent has been prepared. Macronutrients (i.e. N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) and micronutrients (i.e. Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Ni) have been determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry, Walkey and Black method, Kjeldahl method, and P Bray-1 method, which showed sufficient content and meet the standard value. Analysis and the comparative study showed that the compost product can be used as a fertilizers substitute. The compost from residual offers more economic, great availability, and environmentally friendly fertilizers for agricultural purposes.

A Comparative Study of Soil Environmental Standards for Agricultural Land Among Different Countries and Its Implication for China

Soil environmental quality of agricultural land plays a determinate role in the quality of agricultural products, human health, and the safety of the ecosystem. In 2018, China issued the "soil environment quality risk control standard for soil contamination of agriculture land" (GB 15618-2018), which has been essential to soil pollution prevention and the control of agricultural land. In this study, a systematic and comparative analysis of soil environmental standards for the agricultural land of 17 countries or regions was conducted, including the framework, protection objective, derivation method, contaminant elements, analyses methods, and standard values, as well as the impact factors. The results showed that the number of contaminants of GB 15618-2018 was insufficient with the simple consideration of total concentrations. Meanwhile, there was a lack of the standardized derivation method. On such a basis, we put forward some suggestions to improve GB 15618-2018 in light of the aforementioned problems, including strengthening the research of soil environmental benchmark and background values; establishing the scientific and standardized derivation method; and improving the number, form, and availability of indicators for risk control. In the meantime, the regional and local background environmental concentration of soil was highly proposed as a supplement and optimization to soil screening values.

Safety Production Threshold and Land Quality Classification of Vegetable Pb in High Geological Background Area of Southwest China

In order to ensure the safe production of vegetables in Pb-contaminated farmland under the complex interactions of an extreme geological background area and human activities in Southwest China, 32 types of widely planted vegetable varieties in the southwest region were collected. Correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and other methods were used to study the accumulation of Pb in soil-vegetables and the key constraints. The threshold of soil Pb ecological security in farmland in southwest China was determined by the method of species sensitivity distribution. The results showed that ω(Pb) of the soils was 47.59-462.38 mg·kg-1, which was 1.88 times higher than that of the background value of soil Pb in Yunnan Province (90 mg·kg-1), and 68.40% of the soil samples exceeded the screening value of the "Soil Environmental Quality Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Risk Management Standard" (GB 15618-2018). The content of Pb in the edible parts of vegetable crops ranged from 0.02 to 0.49 mg·kg-1, and the exceeding rate reached 20.49%. Pb concentration in the vegetables was in the decreasing sequence of leafy vegetables > roots and stems vegetables > eggplant vegetables > edible bean vegetables > pepper vegetables. Based on soil pH, OM, and CEC, the model of Pb accumulation in vegetables was constructed, in which pH was the first critical factor affecting Pb accumulation in vegetables. The sensitivity index of vegetable Pb species showed that leafy vegetables, eggplant vegetables, and a small number of frame bean vegetables were less sensitive to Pb. The soil Pb classification thresholds of the three types (priority protection, safe use, and strict control) of areas for vegetable safety production was ≤ 100, 100-353, and ≥ 353 mg·kg-1, respectively.

Метод расчета интегральных показателей качества и рационального использования земель сельскохозяйственного назначения в QGIS

Due to the imperfection of the regulatory regulation of the agricultural land use, the lack of fixed indicators that characterize rational use of this land category, the authors, solve the task of calculation method for integral parameters, characterizing the quality and rational use of such lands. The solution was based on the analysis of the results developed by existing scientific schools in the given field and our own research, including the set of particular parameters, their subdivision into groups, the variant of determination of their relative significance (weight) in final assessment. The fundamental aspect of the assessment system is emphasized, due to the diversity of the realization of their natural potential by agricultural areas similar in natural properties, which required the implementation of two groups of indicators – the quality and rational use of agricultural land. In order to determine the integral indicators of quality and rational use of agricultural land, the authors have developed an algorithm for calculating them in the geographic information system QGIS, consisting of certain stages. Automatic calcu-lation of integral indicators significantly speeds up and simplifies the process of analyzing the state of land use in a particular region, avoids mechanical errors in calculations.

ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНОЙ ЭКОДОБАВКИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ПРИРОДНЫХ, МИНЕРАЛЬНЫХ И БАКТЕРИАЛЬНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ

The article deals with the problem of soil salinization, focuses on the problem of deterioration of soil fertility and the quality of agricultural land. The technology of manufacturing an energetically active eco-additive is proposed, which includes lactobacilli, salt-resistant bacteria of the Caspian Sea, nitrogen-forming bacteria and bacteria obtained from rainwater (strain D1) related to saprophytic bacteria. A technology of production of an energy-active eco additive is also proposed, which, in addition to saprophytic microbes and unicellular algae, includes calcined algae, sulfur and biomass of plant origin (waste), which are a source of alternative energy. The use of the last component of eco additive has a detrimental effect on pathogenic fungi and a positive effect on bacteria and algae. This makes it possible to widely use eco-additive in saline lands and greenhouses to combat pathogenic fungi and aridity, in addition, it contributes to an increase in the number of bacteria in the soil that contribute to the rapid decomposition of chemical minerals and also increase soil fertility.

СТАН ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ В НАУЦІ ПРОБЛЕМИ КРИМІНАЛЬНО- ПРАВОВОЇ ОХОРОНИ СФЕРИ ЗЕМЕЛЬНИХ ВІДНОСИН В УКРАЇНІ

The article provides an overview of trends in the criminal law protection of land relations in Ukraine in the conditions of the legal regime of martial law. Emphasis is placed on the fact that certain restrictions are effective in minimizing adverse consequences that may be caused by both the criminalization of the field of land relations and related problems, such as: the need to establish or change the purpose of land plots; the necessity of demining agricultural lands; minimization of corruption risks caused by the adoption of new legislation. Emphasis is placed on three main factors that determine the need for the creation of an institute of criminal law protection of land relations in Ukraine: obtaining the status of a candidate in the EU, restoring the stable functioning of the agricultural land market for the normalization of the economy, restoring the quality of agricultural land during the post-war rehabilitation of Ukraine. Granting Ukraine the status of a candidate for the EU made it necessary to overcome a number of internal problems, such as strengthening the fight against corruption, in particular in the field of land relations. It has been established that the commission of criminal offenses against peace, human security and international legal order affects land legal relations in Ukraine due to damage to the soil and vegetation cover of natural territories and agricultural lands, which makes the corresponding land unsuitable for sowing. It was emphasized that manifestations of corruption in the field of land relations remain at a high level in the current year, despite certain positive dynamics compared to last year's indicators. Emphasis is placed on the fact that arbitrary occupation of land plots and corruption offenses in the field of land relations during the period of martial law became somewhat widespread. Therefore, in addition to criminal legal means to counter such criminal offenses, public control is important.

State reclamation credit in the system of legislation in Ukrainian lands at the XIX – XX centuries

The article analyses the process of evolution of land reclamation legislation in general and land reclamation credit in particular of the Russian Empire of the late XIX – early XX centuries. This period of Ukrainian history is known for the sharp aggravation of the agrarian issue, which was influenced by both internal and external factors associated with the global agrarian crisis. It was this circumstance that influenced the position of the central authorities, which since the end of the XIX century have been actively looking for a way out of the crisis, using land reclamation legislation along with other methods. In this regard, the authors paid special attention to the reclamation laws of May 6, 1896, May 29, 1900, and May 20, 1902, as well as the activities of the "local committees on the needs of the agricultural industry" of the Ukrainian provinces in 1902-1903 in the corresponding direction of work. The period of the Stolypin agrarian reform, when land reclamation legislation became an integral part of a broader government program to improve the quality of agricultural land and Land Management, is also not ignored.

Spatial planning zoning based on land-type mapping: a case study in Changzhou City, Eastern China

ABSTRACT In China, land-use policy-making relies on spatial planning zoning based on land suitability assessments. Given the complexity of land resources, there is no universally agreed suitability assessment index system. Land-type research, which aims to map interactions among environmental components (e.g. landform, soil type, and land cover, etc.) can identify units with certain homogeneity of land characteristics, providing a unified framework for land suitability assessments. Combining multi-source data and geospatial analysis methods, we identified the agricultural land quality and urban functional areas as proxies for land-use intensities, and proposed a 1:100,000 hierarchical classification system, which integrated landform, soil type, land-use type, and land-use intensity. The land in Changzhou City was classified into 3 classes, 37 subclasses, and 137 land units. Comprehensive knowledge about the characteristics of land units further generated a qualitative land suitability analysis and village-scale spatial planning zones based on expert knowledge without an auxiliary suitability assessment index system.

Achieving national scale targets for carbon sequestration through afforestation: Geospatial assessment of feasibility and policy implications

To explore the feasibility of meeting recently proposed large-scale tree planting targets, a UK wide assessment of land available for afforestation was carried out, considering a range of physical, environmental and policy constraints in three hypothetical planting scenarios. Results show there is sufficient space to meet these targets in all three scenarios, even if planting is prevented on good to moderate quality agricultural land and within protected areas. However, this would require planting on a large proportion of unconstrained land, especially for the more ambitious targets, which is unevenly distributed across the UK. This would limit opportunities for spatially targeting woodland creation, which may restrict the provision of additional ecosystem services such as air pollution control and recreation, and induce widespread negative impacts on landscapes and communities. In order to overcome these limitations, relaxing constraints, such as permitting afforestation of higher quality agricultural land, will need to be considered. Meeting many of the proposed afforestation targets would result in a transformational change in British land cover, which could replace or significantly impact the business models of tens of thousands of farms, and see the replacement of hundreds of thousands to millions of hectares of grassland, arable and horticultural land and other land covers. This would require rates of planting that far exceed those seen historically. Policies and mechanisms that could be used to encourage this planting, both by the state and private sectors, are discussed.

Screening of cadmium resistant bacteria and their effects on plant growth promotion and remediation in soil

In order to investigate the remediation effect of the microbial-plant joint system on soil heavy metal Cd pollution, we carry out strain screening and pot experiment to explore the effects of plant growth-promoting bacteria on the accumulation capacity of ryegrass, soil physical and chemical properties and heavy metal speciation. The results show that the microscopic morphology of Burkholderia sp.YXL1 is pale yellow, rod-shaped and smooth edge with an average length of 5 μm, and it possesses strong growth-promoting ability and can tolerate cadmium content about 250 mg/L. The capacity of IAA production, siderophore and phosphate-solubilizing substances are 31.56 mg/L, 0.89 and 46.18 mg/L, respectively. In the <italic>YXL</italic>1-ryegrass joint remediation system, the organic matter and available phosphorus content in the soil are significantly increased by 4.08 g/kg and 2.54 mg/kg, respectively. The contents of weak acid extractable Cd and reducible Cd in the soil reach 16.25% and 12.53%, respectively. Compared with the control group, the ability of ryegrass to extract Cd from the soil is 2.76 times higher than that of the ryegrass treatment. The results also show that the Cd content of the cultivated layer soil is below the risk screening value (<0.3 mg/kg) in the Soil Environmental Quality Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Risk Control Standard (GB 15618—2018) to realize the safe use of agricultural land in the <italic>YXL</italic>1- ryegrass joint remediation system after 4 years.

Physical Soil Quality of Semi - Arid Savanna as Influenced by Acacia senegalensis in Desert Research Experimental Plot Yobe State University Damaturu, Northern Nigeria

Soil is a living and dynamic natural reservoir and source of plant nutrients that play numerous key roles in terrestrial ecosystems. This study investigated the impact of three adjacent land use systems (Acacia senegalensis plantation (ACP), pilostigma raticulatum plantation (PRP) and Ground nut field (GNF) on selected soil physical quality indicators in a Northern Nigeria semi- arid Savanna. Minimum data set for assessing soil quality (Prime quality agricultural land) in this study include bulk density, organic carbon content, total nitrogen, carbon stock, available phosphorus and pH values obtained from DRMCC research field. Mean values of the data set were arranged and scored to obtain totals among the minimum data set (MDS). Soil quality is considered a key element for evaluating the sustainability of land management practices. Data generated were analyzed using ANOVA and significant means were determined using Duncan multiple range test (DMRT). ACP had significantly higher organic carbon content (9.37 gkg-1) and lower bulk density (2.16 gkg-1) than pilostigma and GNF respectively. The lower bulk density (ρb) and high organic carbon in ACP might be due to high leaf shading by acacia while the lower bulk density in ground nut field aided by trampling induced compaction resulted in its high relative field capacity (RFC), permanent wilting point (PWP) and micro-p ore spaces (PMIC) tillage in ground nut field created loose soil in the plough layer (&lt;20 cm) which turn out to its low bulk density (ρb). Acacia plantation contained highest total nitrogen value (1.23 gkg-1); perhaps resulting Acacia leaf litter is known to have a high decomposition rate. Pilostigma plantation contained (1.22 gkg-1) nitrogen, while the least nitrogen content was obtained under ground nut field. On scoring the land use types and depth against the minimum data set, the least total was that under acacia plantation, followed by pilostigma plantation then ground nut field. Therefore, soils under acacia plantation were ranked best quality (SQ1) for cultivation purposes at 0-10 cm, followed by pilostigma land use type that were ranked SQ2. Ground nut field soils were ranked least (SQ6) in quality for use in crop production at depth of 10-20 cm.

Spatial Unevenness of Formation, Remediation and Persistence of Post-Agricultural Brownfields

The fall of the Iron Curtain created a vacuum upon which large-scale collectivized agriculture was largely abandoned. Post-agricultural brownfields emerge in multiple manners across national, regional and local levels. While these sites remain rarely explored, we aimed to better understand the spatial consequences of the formation, persistence and reuse of these sites. The regions of South Bohemia and South Moravia in the Czech Republic are used to show the location of post-agricultural brownfields identified in 2004 through 2018. Using Global Moran’s I test we have found that post-agricultural brownfields existing in 2004, long-term brownfields in 2018 and brownfields established between 2004 and 2018 are spatially clustered, but remediated brownfields between 2004 and 2018 are not. Next, the Anselin’s Local Moran’s I test identified where the spatial clusters exist. The clusters identified were examined for differences in their social, economic and environmental development by the means of logistic regression. The results show that the brownfields initially identified in 2004 are concentrated in regions with lower quality agricultural land while simultaneously located in the hinterlands of regional urban centers. In contrast, peripheral regions most often contained long-term brownfields. Brownfield sites identified after 2004 occurred in regions with higher agricultural quality of land and where corn usually grows.

Suggestions for mainstreaming agro-climatic zone of the subject in order to assess the integrated land quality indicator

The results of the studies are presented, during which it was found that in recent years the Russian Federation constituent entity climatic conditions have changed significantly. This is confirmed by the data provided by the Roshydromet and the given calculations. All this influenced the agroecological potential, which is involved in assessing the integrated agricultural land quality indicator. A climatic indicators comprehensive study result was the three agro-climatic zones identification on the subject territory with agroecological potential 8.1-9.2. The basis for identifying new agro-climatic assessment zones was the change in the agroecological potential indicator by 0.5 units or more. The above calculations confirm the assumption about the subject zoning the territory possibility into the three zones. A territory new zoning is proposed, and, consequently, the agroecological potential new values.