Aggressive Actions Research Articles

Mathematics Anxiety and Academic Performance of Senior High School Students in Sagnarigu Municipality, Ghana

Numerous experts have now pointed to Mathematics Anxiety as the reason why students achieve poorly in maths at all educational levels. Research has examined the relationship between math anxiety and students’ academic performance in advanced nations; however, less focus is given to this topic in the Ghanaian context, particularly in the Sagnarigu municipality, where the performance of pupils in school has been poor for more than ten years. This made it necessary to investigate the topic thoroughly to determine if mathematical anxiety and academic achievement are related. To do this, the investigators used a quantitative approach and an analytical cross-sectional design to select 385 students at random from two senior high schools. While student academic reports served as secondary data to gauge learners’ success in mathematics, a 20-item math anxiety questionnaire was the primary tool utilised to gauge students’ level of arithmetic fear. The relationship between the primary and outcome variables was examined using Pearson product-moment correlation. Performance in mathematics declines as math anxiety rises, as indicated by the two variables’ strong negative association (r = -0.85). Because mathematics anxiety is a well-established predictor of performance in mathematics, the study urges all stakeholders to pay close attention to it and take aggressive action to stop it

Commentary on: dominance and subordination in the smooth dogfish, Mustelus canis (Allee & Dickenson, 1954)

Abstract In, 1954, Warder C. Allee and Joshua C. Dickinson decided to establish that “dominance-subordination” hierarchies are present in the Chondrichthyan phylogenetic line. To do so, they confined sixteen fished smooth dogfish (Mustelus canis) in tanks and observed their behaviour. They found neither competition over food, in spite of starving the animals for up to six days at times, nor any clear example of aggression, though it is through aggressive actions that such hierarchies are, by definition, established. They therefore used collision avoidance to support their hypothesis that the sharks had established a rigid size-dependent dominance-subordinate hierarchy, and claimed to have established that such hierarchies are present in Chondrichthyans. However, ethological studies since then have not identified the hierarchies in elasmobranchs that this study claims to be present, but they have found that smaller sharks tend to avoid colliding with larger individuals, which is the simplest explanation for their observations.

How do emergency department staff respond to behaviour that challenges displayed by people living with dementia? A mixed-methods study

ObjectivesTo investigate staff experiences of, and approaches to behaviour that challenges displayed by patients with dementia in the emergency department (ED). Behaviour that challenges is defined as ‘actions that detract...

China–DPRK Relations, China’s Rise, and DPRK Aggressions toward the ROK–U.S., 1990–2021

This study investigates, using statistical analysis and case evidence, whether cooperative China–DPRK relations or China’s rise influence the DPRK to act more aggressively toward the ROK–U.S. Statistically, amicable China–DPRK ties have a positive association with the number of DPRK’s aggressive actions toward the ROK–U.S. The increase in China–DPRK’s material capability relative to that of the ROK–U.S. also positively affected this number. These findings are further supported through case evidence: China’s stance toward the DPRK before and after the sinking of the Cheonan in 2010, and the THAAD incident between the DPRK’s fourth and fifth nuclear tests in 2016.

Security Issues on the European Continent in Conditions of Russia’s Aggression Against Ukraine

Objective: This research paper examines the aggressive actions of the Russian Federation, particularly its aggression against Ukraine and hybrid aggression against Western countries. The objective of this study is to analyze the implications of Russia's actions on the security of Eastern and Central European states, with a focus on their political significance. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework of the research involves understanding the concept of international security institutions and international agreements, and how Russia's disregard for these guidelines affects the global competitive environment. Method:The method used in this study is primarily qualitative analysis, incorporating an examination of relevant literature, reports, and international agreements to establish the context of Russia's aggressive behavior. Results and conclusion: The results of the analysis demonstrate that Russia's actions have significantly impacted the security of Eastern and Central European states, not only in terms of geographical considerations but also politically. The Kremlin's aspiration to establish dominance in Central and Eastern Europe has led to military aggression and a disregard for established international norms and agreements. Implications of the research: The implications of this research are crucial for policymakers, international security institutions, and countries affected by Russia's aggression. The findings highlight the importance of strengthening international cooperation, reinforcing existing security mechanisms, and countering Russia's disruptive actions to preserve the global world order. Originality/value: The originality and value of this research lie in its comprehensive analysis of the political significance of Russia's aggression against Eastern and Central European states. By shedding light on the implications and consequences of Russia's actions, this study contributes to a better understanding of the challenges posed by aggressive actors in the international arena and offers insights for policymakers and scholars working in the field of international security.

Beyond the neoconservative legacy in American counterterrorism policy: from George W. Bush to forever war

More than two decades after the 9/11 attacks, the militarised approach to counterterrorism initiated by the George W. Bush Administration remains firmly in place. Growing frustration with these actions has prompted debates on ‘forever war’. This article traces the origins of ‘forever war’ to the interplay of neoconservatism and conservative nationalism in the George W. Bush Administration, which aimed at preserving American primacy through the cultivation of overwhelming military power. The Administration’s support for the revolution in military affairs contributed to the development of a more remote counterterrorism approach, which helps explain the continuities in US counterterrorism policies across the latter Bush administration as well as the Obama and Trump presidencies. By helping embed a ‘common sense’ understanding that further 9/11-style attacks could only be prevented by enduring and aggressive military action against transnational terrorist organisations, neoconservatism shaped the evolution of American counterterrorism policy. The specific influence of neoconservatism must be qualified and contextualised, however, because the strategic commitment to primacy had wider support within the Bush Administration.

The phenomenon of rejection of the rules of decency in modern foreign policy and diplomacy

This article is devoted to the cases of non-traditional methods of diplomacy that have appeared in recent years, uncommon for previous periods of international relations, such as: declassifi cation of confi dential negotiations, publication of foreign policy correspondence, release of restricted information, violation of diplomatic protocol, impoliteness in personal talks between offi cials. The content of the Russian-American communication on issues of strategic stability, maintenance of peace and the indivisibility of security in Euro-Atlantics — which also became property of the global audience — has been studied in detail. This analysis reveals signifi cant diff erences in understanding of the principle of equal security for all: no clear answer has been yet received to the question of how the «collective West» assumes its obligation not to strengthen its own security at the expense of the security of others and how Western governments intend to implement it practically in modern conditions or they withdraw from it. It is impossible to ensure a balance of interests in the world without full clarity on this key issue concerning the relationship of rights and obligations approved at the highest level. The answer would help in better understanding the readiness of the US, NATO and EU to reach agreement as well as the possibility of joint progress towards reducing tension and strengthening security in the OSCE region. Instead, extremely aggressive expressions, rhetoric and actions are used against Russia which are undertaken primarily in the form of the so-called cancel culture, illegal restrictions and unprecedented sanctions. They show that the «golden billion» has decided for itself that an undeclared hybrid war is going on not for life, but for death. It is concluded that Russian diplomacy has seriously complicated its work by counteracting the frankly unfriendly course of suppressing any foreign policy dissent, which the West has accepted and is not going to stop.

Ценностно-интенциональные механизмы и стратегии социально-психологической адаптации юношей к условиям военно-образовательной среды

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Objective. </strong>The paper is devoted to the study of the value-intentional mechanisms and strategies of socio-psychological adaptation of young men to the conditions of the military educational environment.<br><strong>Background. </strong>The system of values and orientation of the individual is considered as a central element of the process of socio-psychological adaptation. The significance of value-motivational factors in determining certain types of human social behavior (creativity, aggressive and pro-environmental actions, political activity, etc.) has been shown in several studies. At the same time, specific value-intentional determinants, and mechanisms of socio-psychological adaptation to various conditions of the professional and educational environment remain practically unexplored. The task of the present study was to identify informative value-intentional mechanisms of adaptation to the conditions of the military educational environment. <br><strong>Study design. </strong>The process of socio-psychological adaptation of young men to the conditions of a military institute was used as an experimental model. The respondents' value system was assessed in the longitudinal study for three times: upon admission (Stage 1), one month later (Stage 2), and one year after admission (Stage 3) to the institute. The effectiveness of the process of socio-psychological adaptation was determined at the 2nd and 3rd stages of the study. <br><strong>Participants. </strong>120 young men took part in all stages of the study. The respondents were in the same social conditions of the educational military-professional environment during the entire period of the study: their regime of educational activities and leisure, as well as the nature of professional and interpersonal relationships were similar. <br><strong>Measurements. </strong>The S. Schwartz survey was used for the studying of the value system of the individual (“Schwartz Value Survey” (SVS) and “Portrait Value Questionnaire” (PVQ). The multi-level personality survey “Adaptiveness” (A.G. Maklakov, S.V. Chermyanin), methods “Neuro-psychic Adaptation” (I.N. Gurvich) and “Self-assessment of the Psycho-emotional State” SUPOS-8 (O. Mikshek, modified by V.A. Kulganov) were used for assessing of the adaptation efficiency. Statistical data processing was carried out using the SPSS 22.0 program: a statistical analysis of differences was carried out according to the Wilcoxon's <em>T</em>-test and Mann-Whitney <em>U</em>-test; correlation, factorial, regression types of analysis were applied. <br><strong>Results. </strong>It has been established that young men with high and low efficiency of adaptation to the conditions of the military educational environment implement, respectively, group-centric, and egocentric value-intentional strategies of socio-psychological adaptation. Each of these strategies is represented by different value-intentional mechanisms. <br><strong>Conclusions. </strong>The egocentric value-intentional strategy of socio-psychological adaptation among respondents with its low efficiency is implemented by the following mechanisms: an increase in the importance of egocentric motives to the detriment of group-centric ones; restructuring of the value hierarchy at both levels of value representation with increased intentions for sensual pleasures, independence and social dominance; the formation of the value opposition "security-independence" with the equal magnitude of competing motives in it; the emergence of a mismatch between the value-normative and motivational-behavioral levels of value representation. The main mechanisms of the group-centric value-intentional strategy of socio-psychological adaptation among respondents with its high efficiency are: maintaining the stability of the hierarchy of the value system with dominance at all stages of adaptation of attitudes towards safe-friendly and conformal relationships in a social group; restoration by the end of the adaptation process of consistency between the value-normative and motivational-behavioral levels of value representation; the formation of a dynamically stable value opposition "achievement-kindness" with the equal magnitude of the motives involved in it.</p>

Алаш идеясы және империализм

The article discusses the concept of imperialism in the general history of mankind, the consequences and positive changes in colonial policy, resistance movements and the idea of Alash at the beginning of the 20th century. On the basis of historical-comparative and comparative research methods, quantitative and qualitative content analysis, the struggle of the Alash national liberation movement against colonialism, the views and ideas of the Kazakh intelligentsia on the preservation and protection of national identity (world-identity) are analyzed. Also in the course of the study, methods of studying behavior based on biographical parallels, ideography, structural analysis and a special formulation of the opinions of individuals and groups were used. With the help of these research methods, a historical overview of the colonial policy and aggressive actions of large countries that have made changes in world history is made, the tactics of tsarist Russia in subjugation of the Turkic-Muslim peoples, the armed forces that arise as a result of active interference in political life are highlighted, realizing that the force opposing the colonial policy of the empire is the national awakening. In the course of the study, the views of representatives of the Alash movement on world changes at the beginning of the 20th century, the wave of revolutions, unbridled imperialist views, their consequences were clarified, and their conclusions were differentiated. The conclusion of the study is that the idea is the greatest force used as a defense against the colonial policy and the general imperialist mentality, and the strengths of the Alash idea against the colonial policy pursued by the Russian Empire are also indicated.

MASS RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION AS AN ELEMENT OF CRISIS ARCHITECTURE

The world's population loses their homes due to natural disasters and wars every year, many international organizations have been created to eliminate such consequences. Architects as volunteers also make efforts to design typical low-cost mass housing., there is a concept of crisis architecture to denote this phenomenon. Its feature is the fastest possible reconstruction of housing for people in disaster zones. The next term discussed in the article is urbicide, the purposeful destruction of cities caused by wars, terrorist attacks, and other aggressive actions that we have in Ukraine today.
 The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of mass housing architecture in its relationship with crisis phenomena and urbicide in society. For this purpose, the possibility of reconstruction, reconstruction and development of the architectural and urban structure of cities in the post-crisis period is considered. The features of the crisis architecture of countries and cities affected by wars, as well as floods, fires and other natural disasters (Rotterdam, Hiroshima, Bismaya, Skopje) are analysed. Foremost, the restoration of the engineering infrastructure was observed. Work on solving the housing problem consisted in the repair of damaged buildings, the reconstruction of large apartments into small apartments and the construction of typical temporary low-rise buildings 3 available raw materials. Unified 4-5- story series of economy houses were popular in post-war France, Hungary, Slovakia and other countries. Disadvantages of such housing include chaotic construction, simplification of architectural solutions, lack of individual stylistic features. Later, the temporary residential quarters were dismantled. At the same time, a significant part of such panel houses remains inhabited even in our time. 
 Ukraine was significantly affected by the Second World War. Mass construction according to typical projects took place in the 60s, as a result of which about 23% of the country's housing stock has physical and moral deterioration. In view of the military actions, it is extremely important to use the international experience of rebuilding cities, to carefully approach the selection of projects, focusing on the economic component, the safety of residents and high-quality architectural solutions.

Information refining and big data analysis on the crisis on the fossil fuel market to identify of Russia’s hostile narratives towards European Union countries

Fossil fuels helped Russian president Putin build military power of Russia and attack Ukraine. Coal, gas and oil are being used by Putin’s regime as weapons against the countries that are contractors and consumers of Russian fuels.The aim of this paper is to present a methodology based on refining information and Big Data analysis and to demonstrate the results, as well as to show trends and developments in relation to the response to the crisis on the fossil fuel market. Predictive methods and the techniques of sentiment analysis including the cluster analysis and the analysis of the variability of trends indicates that the European Union has taken over the burden of energy policy-making. This also indicates a downgrading of national policies and their weakness in resisting Russia’s aggressive actions. The analysis of frequency confirms the markedly different Russian attitudes to Europe as a whole and to its individual members.

Incidence, outcomes and costs of severe sepsis and septic shock in geriatric trauma patients: Analysis of 2,563,463 hospitalizations at 3,284 hospitals.

Severe sepsis/septic shock (sepsis) is a leading cause of death in hospitalized trauma patients. Geriatric trauma patients are an increasing proportion of trauma care but little recent, large-scale, research exists in this high-risk demographic. The objectives of this study are to identify incidence, outcomes and costs of sepsis in geriatric trauma patients. Patients at short-term, nonfederal hospitals 65 years or older with ≥1 injury International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification code were selected from 2016 to 2019 Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Medicare Inpatient Standard Analytical Files. Sepsis was defined as International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis codes R6520 and R6521. A log-linear model was used to examine the association of Sepsis with mortality, adjusting for age, sex, race, Elixhauser score, and Injury Severity Score. Dominance analysis using logistic regression was used to determine the relative importance of individual variables in predicting Sepsis. Institutional review board exemption was granted for this study. There were 2,563,436 hospitalizations from 3,284 hospitals (62.8% female; 90.4% White; 72.7% falls; median ISS, 6.0). Incidence of Sepsis was 2.1%. Sepsis patients had significantly worse outcomes. Mortality risk was significantly higher in septic patients (adjusted risk ratio, 3.98, 95% confidence interval, 3.92-4.04). Elixhauser score contributed the most to the prediction of Sepsis, followed by ISS (McFadden's R2 = 9.7% and 5.8%, respectively). Severe sepsis/septic shock occurs infrequently among geriatric trauma patients but is associated with increased mortality and resource utilization. Pre-existing comorbidities influence Sepsis occurrence more than Injury Severity Score or age in this group, identifying a population at high risk. Clinical management of geriatric trauma patients should focus on rapid identification and prompt aggressive action in high-risk patients to minimize the occurrence of sepsis and maximize survival. Therapeutic/Care Management; Level III.

Research on the Effect of Load and Rotation Speed on Resistance to Combined Wear of Stainless Steels Using ANOVA Analysis.

This research was carried out with the aim of obtaining appropriate principles for describing the influence of working parameters and the aggressive action of an acidic medium on the wear and corrosion resistance of martensitic stainless steels. Tribological tests were performed on induction-hardened surfaces of stainless steels X20Cr13 and X17CrNi16-2 under combined wear conditions at a load of 100 to 300 N and a rotation speed of 382 to 754 min-1. The wear test was carried out on a tribometer with the use of an aggressive medium in the chamber. After each wear cycle on the tribometer, the samples were exposed to corrosion action in a corrosion test bath. Analysis of variance revealed a significant influence of rotation speed and load due to wear on the tribometer. Testing the difference in the mass loss values of the samples due to corrosion using the Mann-Whitney U test did not show a significant effect of corrosion. Steel X20Cr13 showed greater resistance to combined wear, which had a 27% lower wear intensity compared to steel X17CrNi16-2. The increase in wear resistance of X20Cr13 steel can be attributed to the higher surface hardness achieved and the effective depth of hardening. The mentioned resistance is the result of the creation of a martensitic surface layer with dispersed carbides, which increases the resistance to abrasion, dynamic durability, and fatigue of the surface of the protective layer.

ЕКОЛОГІЧНІ НАСЛІДКИ РОСІЙСЬКОЇ АГРЕСІЇ ПРОТИ УКРАЇНИ В 2022-2023 РОКАХ (ПРИКЛАДНІ ТА КОМУНІКАТИВНІ АСПЕКТИ)

Abstract. The article raises the resonant issue of the environmental consequences of the aggressive military actions of the Russian Federation against Ukraine in 2022-2023, in particular in the context of the need to document them and provide sufficient coverage to attract the attention of specialized organizations dealing with environmental protection and the international community. The authors provide concrete examples of the devastating impact on Ukrainian nature and ecosystem, including the shelling of residential and critical infrastructure, mining of a large part of the country's south and east, and contamination of soil and water bodies by shells. The article also attempts to predict how long it will take to eliminate the consequences of these impacts. The authors also analyze the level of coverage of this issue in the global and Ukrainian media and communication and propose mechanisms for greater coverage of this range of problems, including the involvement of specialized environmental organizations, activists, and opinion leaders. The article is an important contribution to the study of the environmental consequences of military conflicts and may be useful for researchers in both environmental and political sciences, public and government officials working in this field, as well as representatives of the political establishment.

Pathophysiological aspects of free radical mechanisms of formation of skin scars

In the scientific literature, there are no complete scientifically substantiated conclusion about the functional state of the antioxidant status of the skin, its scars and the possibilities of their local correction as part of complex therapy. We have analyzed the literature data reflecting the issues of complex therapy of cicatricial changes in the skin in order to determine the feasibility for the effective use of antioxidants in the local correction of oxidative stress disorders. The pathophysiological aspects of free radical mechanisms of skin scar formation have been studied. The cell pool that forms the skin, as a result of tissue respiration, continuously produces free radicals. Both external and internal environmental factors can lead to disruption of the dynamic balance in the body's natural antioxidant defense system, reducing the potential of its biological capacity. The phospholipid layer of the cell membrane, nuclear and mitochondrial DNA can be exposed to aggressive action of free radicals, thereby causing or aggravating the existing pathology of the skin. Reduced biological activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of the body's antioxidant defense system does not properly lead to the deactivation of free radicals, which requires other approaches to local therapy.

Romantic Attraction and Insensitivity to Aggressive Cues Among Honor-Oriented Women

Expectations for behavior that might influence early-stage attraction in romantic relationships are likely to be influenced by cultural values, such as those found in cultures of honor. Honor-based ideals emphasize reputation maintenance and create powerful expectations for the behaviors of men and women. This study sought to examine the role of masculine honor norms in how college women in the southern United States respond to behavioral cues presented by a man in an online dating simulation. Specifically, women who more strongly endorsed masculine honor norms demonstrated an insensitivity to aggressive behavior reported by a man who was a potential romantic partner compared to women who did not endorse these same honor norms. Results indicate that honor-oriented women reported strong romantic interest in a male even when he reveals aggressive actions in his online dating profile. However, women who do not strongly endorse masculine honor norms reported significantly less romantic interest in the aggressive male compared to an otherwise-equivalent non-aggressive male. These results suggest that the impact of honor values on relational patterns can begin as early as the initial attraction stage before any interaction occurs.

The Turmoil of Europe’s Economy, Food and Energy Stability: Will It Ends Western Sanctions on Russia?

Ukrainian and Russian War had a significant impact on the European economy, food, and energy. As one of the strategy to stop the war, the Western had imposed several sanctions on Russia that raised critical questions on whether or not this sanction is an appropriate and effective measure that should be pursued. Reflecting on history, economic weapons through economic sanctions are often ineffective against big countries that do have resilience. Not only that, the view that sanctions will suppress aggressive actions when material interests are disturbed is not always an appropriate case considering that countries and their leaders, especially autocratic ones, have other priorities. Through this articles, we’re going to discuss how the turmoil of Europe’s economy, food and energy stability may affect Western decisions to end their sanction to Russia. We concludes that the West, especially Europe, has no other way but to negotiate with Russia to carry out a ceasefire and negotiations regarding gas & oil supplies and in turns will end Western sanction to Russia gradually.

Pain is the Most Common Symptom of Peptic Ulcer Disease

The term peptic ulcer distinguishes this condition from other ulcerative diseases that affect other parts of the body. Peptic ulcer refers to erosions of the stomach and duodenum. The disease is characterized by damage to the mucous membrane of the stomach, sometimes to the stomach muscle itself or to the duodenum, which causes open wounds. Mucous membranes are usually swollen and irritated. Peptic ulcer occurs when the wall of these organs is eroded by the aggressive action of gastric juice. Decomposition of one's own mucosa occurs as a result of a disturbed balance of aggressive factors that normally exist in the stomach and are used for food digestion and mucosal defense factors.

Phrasal verbs with the meaning "Verbal aggressive action"

Phrasal verbs with the meaning "Verbal aggressive action"

Factors of Spreading the Aggressive Behavior among Kindergarteners from the Perspective of Their Teachers in East Jerusalem

This research aims to investigate the factors behind the spread of aggressive behavior in kindergartens from the point of view of educators in East Jerusalem. The descriptive analytical approach and quantitative research methods were used, which included t-test, independent sample t-test, and analysis of variance. Before collecting data, the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were checked. The questionnaire tool was distributed to a sample of 150 kindergarten teachers working in educational centers located in East Jerusalem. The research reached a number of results, the most important of which is that there are statistically significant differences in the factors of the spread of aggressive behavior in kindergartens due to the variable of academic specialization in the questionnaire, except for the dimension. Findings of the study show that there is a lack of understanding of the factors that lead to aggressive behavior, which requires understanding the types and manifestations of aggressive behavior in detail. Familial reasons have a great influence on the aggressive behaviors and actions that some children practice in kindergartens, and social factors, such as the child’s lack of social skills, have a substantial impact on the child’s behaviors and expressions of aggression. The researcher recommended the necessity of holding seminars, lectures, meetings, and workshops specialized in raising and caring for children to overcome their developmental and behavioral problems. The study offers significant new information about the causes that lead to the spread of violent behavior among kindergarteners in East Jerusalem, as seen from the teachers’ perspective. To fully comprehend the elements that lead to violent behavior in this population, more study is necessary. This can assist in creating treatments and techniques that are more successful in reducing aggressive behavior in kindergarteners.