Groups In Age Research Articles

Low incidence of BRAF and NRAS mutations in a population with a high incidence of melanoma

Reported rates of BRAF mutation in Irish cutaneous melanoma cohorts are lower than the reported international data. We aimed to assess the mutational status of a cohort of primary cutaneous melanomas and to correlate it with clinical follow-up data.A total of 92 cases of primary cutaneous melanoma diagnosed at a single institution in 2012 were analyzed. Regions containing common mutations in the BRAF, NRAS, KIT, and KRAS genes were investigated by PCR amplification followed by Sanger sequencing. Demographic details, tumor characteristics, and 10-year outcome data were also obtained.Ten cases with BRAF V600E mutations (11.6%) and five (5.49%) NRAS mutations (4 at Q61R, 1 at Q61K) were detected. No statistically significant differences were noted between groups for age, gender, depth of invasion, nodal status, or recurrence status (p ≥ 0.05).These findings suggest that the Irish population has a markedly lower incidence of BRAF and NRAS mutations in melanoma than those reported in other cohorts.

An analysis of the risk factors for invasive fungal infections in preterm infants and a discussion of prevention strategies.

Although the success rate of resuscitation in preterm infants is increasing, the long length of hospital stay in preterm infants and the need for more invasive operations, coupled with the widespread use of empirical antibiotics, have increased the prevalence of fungal infections in preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) year on year. The present study aims to explore the risk factors of invasive fungal infections (IFI) in preterm infants and to identify some prevention strategies. A total of 202 preterm infants with a gestational age of 26 weeks to 36+6 weeks and a birth weight of less than 2,000 g, admitted to our neonatal unit during the 5-year period from January 2014 to December 2018, were selected for the study. Among these preterm infants, six cases that developed fungal infections during hospitalization were enrolled as the study group, and the remaining 196 infants who did not develop fungal infections during hospitalization were the control group. The gestational age, length of hospital stay, duration of antibiotic therapy, duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, indwelling duration of the central venous catheter, and duration of intravenous nutrition of the two groups were compared and analyzed. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in the gestational age, length of hospital stay, and duration of antibiotic therapy. A small gestational age, a lengthy hospital stay, and long-term use of broad-spectrum antibiotics are the high-risk factors for fungal infections in preterm infants. Medical and nursing measures to address the high-risk factors might reduce the incidence of fungal infections and improve the prognosis in preterm infants.

The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha in Adolescent Iraqi Children Infected with Toxoplasmasis

Toxoplasmosis affects various biochemical markers, which has garnered attention recently. Toxoplasmosis biochemical marker values were the focus of this study. To evaluate the infection-related marker TNF alpha, TNF-α regulates inflammation, anti-tumor responses, and homeostasis via interacting with TNF-R1 and TNF-R2. TNF-α has a vital function in treating T. gondii by regulating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell development. Despite therapeutic usage of anti-TNF-α medications, adverse effects such lymph proliferative disorders have been known to occur. This also suggests that one major mechanism by which cytokines operate is by inhibiting parasite invasion. TNF-α has the ability to directly influence the proliferation of intracellular parasites to different extents. The study included one hundred patients with toxoplasmosis, aged between eighteen and thirty years old. Among them, seventy had confirmed cases of infection, with forty samples from both male and female patients, while the remaining thirty samples were taken from healthy individuals serving as a control group. Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, and many outpatient clinics will treat patients from different Iraqi governorates from November 2022 and October 2023. Additionally, we utilized the ELISA technique to determine the quantity of TNF-alpha present. With this study, there were no significant changes in blood levels of TNF-α between the control group and teens of different ages and genders, according to the results. The mean ±SE values of the level in healthy teens (80.57 ±5.27) and T. gondii patients (123.59 ±4.35, 158.85 ±10.26) were not statistically different. The findings indicated that the mean values for healthy teenagers were 66.02 ±5.89 and 87.84 ±3.24, respectively. There was no significant gender difference, with mean values of 149.65 ±11.98 and 133.25 ±3.96, respectively. Patients with toxoplasmosis exhibited substantially higher TNF-α levels than the control group (P ≤0.01). The average ± SE TNF-alpha levels in teenagers infected with T. gondii were 136.86 ±5.96, whereas the control group had 87.84 ±3.24. Our research suggests that Toxoplasma gondii have the capability to exert effect on certain indicators, such as TNF-alpha. The findings indicate that adolescents are prone to a significant prevalence of toxoplasmosis diagnoses. Consequently, prioritizing health education for those with a heightened susceptibility to developing the disease is imperative.

Potential health risk assessment of nitrate in groundwater of Tonk district in Rajasthan, north western India

ABSTRACT Anthropogenic activities like adding synthetic nitrogenous fertilisers in agriculture fields, animal and human waste are the main factors responsible for the increase in nitrate concentration in groundwater of any area. Groundwater is the main source of not only irrigation but also dependency for drinking which has increased on it with decreasing surface sources. Today, increase in such anthropogenic activities has resulted in upsurge of the natural nitrate concentration to the extent of crossing its acceptable limit in drinking water. The Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS, 2012) 1 has prescribed the limit of 45 mg/L, whereas for WHO (2011) 2 the limit of nitrate is 50 mg/L. The goal of this present study is to assess the natural and anthropogenic NO3 concentrations in groundwater in a semi arid area of Rajasthan in Tonk District and its related risks to human health in the different groups of ages, such as children, males, and females. Being immune adults has little less effect on its continuous exposure than children. Even though these risks are non-carcinogenic, incessant exposure can create several health issues. In juveniles, it is known to cause methemoglobinemia, in adults it causes gastric and other stomach issues on prolonged consumption as well as dermal contact. The results show that the oral exposure of nitrate was very high compared to dermal contact. On the basis of non-carcinogenic health risk, the total Hazard Index (HITotal) values of groundwater nitrate were an average of 1.16 for males, 1.37 for females, and 1.58 for children. The nitrate health risk assessment shows that about 39%, 44%, and 51% of the samples constitute the non-carcinogenic health risk to males, females, and children, respectively.

Accessing the impact of poverty age groupings on carbon neutrality targets: scenarios from developing Sub Sahara African countries.

Sustainable development aims to both alleviate poverty and protect the environment. Previous research has explored the connection between poverty and carbon emissions. However, in Sub-Saharan Africa, nearly half of the population lives below the international poverty line, hindering economic growth and sustainable development. Therefore, this current study aims to further explore different age groupings of poverty and economic growth relates to environmental pollution, in 43 Sub-Saharan African nations. This study addresses existing gaps by employing the Driscoll-Kraay (D-K) standard error technique and the method of moments quantile regression to examine the connections between variables, yielding significant findings. The results indicate that youth and middle age poverty has an inverse relationship with environmental pollution. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the critical importance of addressing poverty in the formulation of policies aimed at mitigating environmental pollution and promoting sustainable development in Sub-Saharan African countries. Insights from this research can inform policymakers and other stakeholders in designing more effective interventions, programs, and initiatives to combat both poverty and environmental degradation, ultimately leading to a better and more equitable environment.

Is Biobanding the Future of Youth Sport Participation?

Traditionally, sports participation has been based on the chronological age of the individual with year of birth determining participation grouping. However, grouping by chronological age can result in individuals who are nearly a full year different in age competing within the same age group. Moreover, during the pubertal years, age grouping may provide physical (size) advantage to early maturers and disadvantage to late maturers. These advantages/disadvantages could impact talent selection, psychosocial aspects of sport participation, technical and tactical skill development, competitiveness, and injury risk. Biobanding is an alternative method for determining sport participation categorization and uses factors of growth and/or maturation, rather than traditional chronological age, for grouping athletes. Implementation of biobanding in sports may be advantageous to both early and late-maturing athlete development.

Evaluation the validity of Interleukin-17 in Nephrotic Syndrome patients

Background: The Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) is a clinical condition characterized via severe proteinuria, which causes hyperlipidemia, hypoalbuminemia, and edema, and other problems. It is produced by basement membrane is more permeable as a result of the damage of the renal glomerulus. Essentially, it occurs when there is an abnormality in glomerular permeability, which can be due to an intrinsic renal disease or secondary to congenital infections, diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, or neoplasia. Materials and methods: The research study was conducted on 70 randomly selected participants (35 Females and 35 Males) with autoimmune disease and nephrotic syndrom attending the kidney disease center in AlSadder Teaching City in AlNajaf province, Iraq. It was carried out from December 2022 to July 2023. The age of patients was range of 1-50y. Results: show a significant escalation (P≤ 0.05) in Interleukin level in nephrotic patients in comparing with control groups also a significant rise (P≤ 0.05) in Interleukin (IL)-17 level in nephrotic patients at Various ages groups in comparison to the various age groups of control groups and results moreover demonstrate significant effect (p≥ 0.05) in Interleukin (IL)-17 level between groups of ages. reveal no significant effect (P≥ 0.05) in Interleukin (IL)-17 level in females and males in nephrotic patients furthermore show a significant increase (P≤ 0.05) in Interleukin level in nephrotic patients in rural groups than urban groups. Conclusion: concluded that Interleukin-17 highly elevated and in patients with nephrotic syndrome, this factor is also linked to disease severity.

To B or not to B: the application of uterine compression sutures to reduce blood loss after myomectomy.

The aim was to assess the hemostatic impact of B-Lynch sutures following an open myomectomy for efficacy. In this prospective clinical research, performed in Alazhar university hospitals (Al-Hussain, Damietta, Assiut) and Minia University Maternity Hospital, 250 women scheduled for open myomectomy between January 2021 and January 2023 had multiple fibroid uteri with uterine sizes corresponding to 12-22 weeks. There were two groups of women. Group I (125) underwent standard open myomectomy surgery, whereas Group II (125) underwent normal open laparotomy surgery followed by B-Lynch sutures. Certain inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to every patient. We recorded vital data, length of the procedure, complications (bleeding during the procedure, bleeding from multiple bites, bladder injury, fever, wound infection), complete blood count before and after surgery, need for blood transfusion, postoperative vital data, time until ambulation, passing flatus, and ability to eat and drink, as well as the amount of blood lost during and after the procedure. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in age, parity, weight, number of fibroids, or uterine size as measured by ultrasonography. Between groups I and II, there was a significant difference in the average intraoperative blood loss (Group I lost 562.6 ml, whereas Group II lost 411.3 ml) as well as the mean blood loss following surgery (205 ±82 ml in Group I and 117 ±41 ml in Group II). No significant difference was observed in the mean length of hospital stay between groups I and II (2 ±0.3 days and 2 ±0.6 days, respectively). Using a B-Lynch suture can help minimize blood loss during and after an open myomectomy. Therefore, if the uterus is large and has a lot of fibroids, it is recommended to be done frequently.

Methadone for Emergence Delirium in Ambulatory Pediatric Strabismus Surgery.

Background: Emergence delirium in children following strabismus surgery is a distressing and potentially dangerous condition and is likely attributable to visual disturbances, pain, and anesthetic gases. We explored whether a single intraoperative dose of methadone could reduce emergence delirium. Methods: Our study was an institutional review board-approved prospective, controlled, before-and-after investigation. Inclusion criteria were age <18 years and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification 1 or 2. Patients were excluded for obesity, documented sleep apnea, significant neurologic disease, or inpatient status. Control group patients were recruited sequentially, and the anesthetic was performed per preference. The study group was recruited similarly and received an intravenous dose of methadone 0.15 mg/kg at induction. The primary outcome was peak score on the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale. Secondary outcomes included time to anesthetic emergence, postoperative pain scores, postanesthesia care unit (PACU) length of stay, and postdischarge respiratory complications. Results: Forty-nine control group and 55 study group patients were recruited. No significant differences were found between groups for age, sex, weight, ASA classification, or duration of surgery. The control group received more preoperative midazolam, intraoperative fentanyl, and intraoperative ketorolac. Compared to the control group, the study group had 42% and 85% reductions in peak and severe PAED scale scores, respectively, in the PACU and required less rescue pain medications. Anesthetic emergence time and length of stay were not different between the groups. No significant postoperative complications occurred. Conclusion: Emergence delirium following outpatient pediatric strabismus surgery was substantially mitigated by the use of intraoperative methadone without affecting PACU throughput. No significant complications occurred. Further study is warranted to corroborate routine use of this drug for emergence delirium.

Evaluation the validity of metalloproteinase 9 in Nephrotic Syndrome patients in AlNajaf province

Background: Nephrotic syndrome is a medical disorder characterized by large proteinuria (more than 40 mg/m^2 hourly) that causes hypoalbuminemia (below than 30 g/L), which leads to edema, hyperlipidemia, and additional complications. The renal glomerulus’s Injured basement membrane causes increased permeability, A variation in glomerular permeability is the cause of this condition. Materials and methods: 70 patients were randomly chosen to participate in the clinical study. (35 Males and 35 Females) with autoimmune disease and nephrotic syndrom attending the kidney disease center in AlSadder Teaching City in AlNajaf province, Iraq. It was carried out from November 2022 to July 2023. The ages of patients was range of 1-50y. Results: The consequences show asignificant decrease (P≤ 0.05) in Metalloproteinase -9 (MMP9) level in nephrotic patients in relating with control groups moreover demonstrate a significant decline (P≤ 0.05) in metalloproteinase -9 (MMP9) level in nephrotic patients in compare with control group at different age groups and results furthermore display significant effect (p≥ 0.05) in metalloproteinase -9 (MMP9) level between groups of ages also reveal no significant effect (P≥ 0.05) in metalloproteinase 9 in females and males in nephrotic patients and significant reduction (P≤ 0.05) in metalloproteinase 9level in both nephrotic patients in comparing with control groups. show a significant increase (P≤ 0.05) in Metalloproteinase -9 (MMP9) level in nephrotic patients in rural groups than urban groups. Conclusion: The present study concluded that was found significantly decreased in nephrotic patient and increased in rural nephrotic patients than in urban patients.

Using Telemedicine to Care for Patients with Breast Cancer: A Natural Quasi-Experimental Study.

This investigation assessed the clinical characteristics of patients who received care through telemedicine and the clinical impact telemedicine service had on breast cancer patients in a low-income country. This natural experimental study assessed the impact of telemedicine service on cancer outcomes among breast cancer patients at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Trust (SKMT), Pakistan, between January 1st, 2018, to December 31st, 2022. The study group (hybrid group) consisted of patients that had both face-to-face and telemedicine appointments, and the control group (physical group) included patients with only face-to-face encounters. A total of 3,205 patients were included in the analysis. Among those included in the analysis, 3,188 (99.5 %) were females, and the mean age of the cohort was 48.10 ± 11.94 years. Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in age, demographic distribution, disease stage, average number of emergency room visits, mean length of stay in the Intensive care unit, and the final patient status (alive at the end of observation period). However, the binary logistic regression model (forward-LR) suggested that the final patient outcome was related to disease relapse, COVID-19 infection, and age. Telemedicine clinics, when conducted in parallel with physical clinics (hybrid setup), are safe and have a clinical impact similar to having just physical encounters among breast cancer patients in a low-income country.

Characteristics of National Disability Insurance Scheme Plan Payments for People With Cerebral Palsy Described Using Publicly Available Data

Introduction: The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) provides funding to Australians with permanent and significant disabilities to enable ‘an ordinary life’. However, we know little about the characteristics of NDIS funding in people with cerebral palsy (CP).Materials and Methods: This project explored the NDIS plan payments and support category by people with CP using publicly accessible NDIS data. A descriptive analysis was undertaken using observational statistics and variable comparisons to explore lifespan plan characteristics (core supports, capacity building and capital supports proportions) and payments between different age groupings and geographical regions.Results: 17,575 people with CP as a primary diagnosis were NDIS participants in March 2023, with plan payments of, on average, $138,000/year. Plan payments increased with age. Most funding was allocated to core supports (average $103,000 Pa) compared to capacity building (average $40,000 Pa) and capital supports (average $11,000 Pa). From 2021 to 2023, plan payments increased beyond the consumer price index. There were large differences in NDIS plan payments across metropolitan and regional locations, likely influenced by a range of personal and service availability factors unable to be identified using the publicly available data.Discussion: NDIS plan payments were larger in older people with CP. There was also low investment in the capacity building areas of employment and lifelong learning, despite this being a focus of the scheme. Unexplained differences in plan payments across regions require further research.

Observations of conspecific aggression and group foraging in invasive lionfish (Pterois sp.) in the Florida Keys, USA

Social behaviors in lionfish such as group hunting and aggression have been observed infrequently. We present evidence of lionfish aggression and social foraging from a deployed camera array. The video footage included a case of intraspecific aggression as well as lionfish hunting in close proximity for the same targets.

Effects of Sandbag-Free Follow-up After Manual Compression in Patients Who Underwent Transfemoral Access for Percutaneous Intervention.

Femoral access site complications (ASC) are frequent yet significant conditions associated with percutaneous intervention procedures that affect patient-physician comfort. In this study, we compared ASC rates between patients who received compression with a sandbag, the standard practice in many clinics, and patients monitored solely with bedrest without sandbag compression. This study included patients undergoing any transfemoral percutaneous intervention (mostly coronary interventions) between April 2019 and May 2023 at our clinic. Patients were classified into two groups: those monitored without a sandbag (n = 160) and those with a sandbag (n = 158). ASC rates (ecchymosis, pseudoaneurysm, hematoma, bleeding) were compared between the two groups. No differences were observed between the two groups in gender, age, sheath size, and bed rest times. Complications were observed in 16.9% (n = 27) of patients without sandbags and 25.3% (n = 40) of patients with sandbags. The most common complication was ecchymosis, seen in 10.6% (n = 17) of the no-sandbag group and 13.9% (n = 22) of the sandbag group. Following manual compression after femoral sheath removal, patients receiving bedrest without sandbag use are less likely to develop ASC. Additionally, dismissing sandbag use leads to a significant increase in patient comfort.

Physical and Psychosocial Correlates of Occupational Physical Injury in the Global Construction Industry: A Scoping Review.

The construction industry is a diverse sector with exposure to multiple psychosocial and environmental workplace hazards that increase the risk of injury. This scoping review aims to consolidate the existing literature on the physical and psychosocial determinants influencing the risk of occupational physical injuries among construction workers globally. A scoping review was conducted using the PRISMA extension checklist guided. Literature searches were performed between June and October 2023 in electronic academic databases. A total of 77 studies were identified, encompassing various geographical regions, including North America (n = 29), Africa (n = 18), Europe (n = 12), Asia (n = 9), the Middle East (n = 5), and Oceania (n = 4). The review identified physical and psychosocial factors in 3 domains influencing occupational physical injuries: workplace physical environment (eg, exposure to physical hazards, availability and utilization of personal protective equipment, company size, and job type), workplace culture (eg, psychosocial stressors, gender-related barriers, migrant and ethnic disparities, educational background), and physical wellbeing, health and aging (eg, age, obesity, sleep quality, marital stats, and physical health status). Notably, workers from social minority groups (eg, women, ethnic and migrant workers) of young (<25 years old) or older ages (45-55 years old) employed in smaller construction companies are vulnerable to increased injury risk and exposure to physical and psychosocial hazards in the workplace. The review emphasizes a global paucity of research examining the implications of physical and psychosocial factors on injury risk within the construction industry. Future research should prioritize investigating the impact of psychosocial hazards on younger and older workers to detect age-related differences in injury rate, treatment access, and work-related health outcomes.

Pre‐race tear volume and dry‐eye symptomatology in recreational middle‐aged male half‐marathoners: A pilot study

Aims/Purpose: To describe the tear volume and dry‐eye symptomatology in recreational middle‐aged male recreational half‐marathoners, 24‐h pre‐race.Methods: Twelve male recreational athletes (age: 43.1 ± 9.3 years; Body Mass Index (BMI): 24.2 ± 2.9 kg m−2) were recruited among participants in the Madrid half‐marathon 2023. 24 h before the race the volunteers responded the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), the Dry‐Eye 5 (DEQ5) and reported their estimated time of finishing. Immediately after, the Schirmer test was performed in the right eye. Post hoc, the participants were categorized in two main groups, depending on their estimated time of finishing: a high‐performance group (HP, n = 6), that included the volunteers with an estimated time of finishing below 1 h and 40 min; and, a low‐performance group, (LP, n = 6) that included the runners with an estimated time of finishing longer than 1 h and 40 min. Correlational analyses were performed, and the unpaired Student's t‐test was used to look for between groups differences.Results: Overall, no correlations were found between any of the studied variables. Similarly, no differences were noticed between groups in the mean age (39.6 ± 11 vs. 46.5 ± 6.6 years; p = 0.222; HP vs. LP) or BMI (22.7 ± 3.1 vs. 25.6 ± 2.1 kg m−2; p = 0.096; HP vs. LP). However, although non‐statistically significant, the HP group showed a trend to have a lower Schirmer test value than the LP group (4.6 ± 2.1 vs. 14.2 ± 12; p = 0.083; HP vs. LP). In contrast, no differences were noticed among groups in the OSDI (14.2 ± 12.3 vs. 15.2 ± 9.8; p = 0.886; HP vs. LP) or DEQ5 (7 ± 3 vs. 5.6 ± 3.2; p = 0.589, Mann–Whitney; HP vs. LP) scores.Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that despite having a very low tear volume, high‐performance middle‐aged recreational runners do not experience higher dry‐eye associated symptomatology.

Factors associated with retinal nerve fibre layer stability after glaucoma surgery

Aims/Purpose: The first objective of the present study was to investigate whether retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) deterioration exists after successful glaucoma surgery, and how long it lasts. The second objective was to identify the factors associated with RNFL thickness stability after surgery.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted. A total of 128 eyes of 108 patients who received one successful glaucoma surgery including trabeculectomy and Ahmed valve implantation, and had been followed up with cirrus optical coherence tomography (cOCT) were examined. We defined intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction as the difference between peak IOP before surgery and IOP at the first cOCT examination after surgery. RNFL thickness reduction greater than −5.03 μm/year immediately after surgery, but remained below −5.03 μm/year in two or more consecutive examinations was defined as a ‘maintenance after progression group’ (group1). Also, the other group was defined as a ‘maintenance group’ (group 2), RNFL thickness reduction less than −5.03 μm/year.Results: There was no significant difference between two groups in sex, age, diagnosis, and operation. However, preoperative IOP was statistically significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1 (p = 0.039). There was no significant difference between group 1 and 2 in the duration of IOP elevation before surgery (p = 0.998). The preoperative RNFL thickness tended to be thicker in group 2 than in group 1, but it was not statistically significant. The average duration of progression in group 2 was 23.9 months. Factors containing age, sex, operation, diagnosis, preoperative IOP, preoperative IOP rise duration, and pretreatment RNFL thickness were less relevant with postoperative RNFL thickness reduction stabilization.Conclusions: In conclusion, the factor that showed a significant difference between the ‘maintenance after progression group’ (group 1) and the ‘maintenance group’ (group 2) was preoperative IOP.ReferencesKim WJ, Kim KN, Sung JY, Kim JY, Kim CS. Relationship between preoperative high intraocular pressure and retinal nerve fibre layer thinning after glaucoma surgery. Sci Rep‐Uk 2019, 9.

Biological maturity vs. relative age: Independent impact on physical performance in male and female youth handball players.

Maturity status and relative age are two of the determining factors in talent development. The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of biological maturity status and relative age on physical performance in young male and female handball players. The sample included 48 males (14.11 ± 1.17 years) and 41 females (14.25 ± 1.64 years) players from one Spanish professional handball academy. Anthropometric data (height, sitting height, body mass and self-reported biological parent heights) and physical performance data (CMJ, DJ, 20 m speed, T-test and throwing velocity) were collected. Biological maturity status was determined as the percentage of predicted adult height, while relative age was estimated in birth quartiles based on biennial age grouping (Q1-Q8). The results showed a positive correlation between maturity status and CMJ in male players (p < 0.01). Differences in CMJ performance according to maturity status were identified (p < 0.05), with higher jump heights being recorded especially in early maturing boys (p < 0.01) and first lines and wings (p < 0.05). The variance in CMJ test scores could be explained by the maturity status by 42.90% in U-15 (p < 0.05) and 72.60% in U-16 male players (p < 0.001). By contrast, no differences were found in girls (p > 0.05). Moreover, no relationships were found between relative age and indices of physical performance (p > 0.05). Overall, maturity status had greater impacts on the tests of physical performance than relative age. Stakeholders should monitor the maturity status of young handball players to avoid physical performance biases that do not allow them to develop their sporting potential.

Реализация комплекса условий педагогического сопровождения экзистенциального выбора участника разновозрастного отряда по месту жительства (по материалам пилотажного исследования)

Implementation of a set of conditions for pedagogical support of the existential choice of a member of a group of different ages at the place of residence (based on the materials of a pilot study) Annotation: In the article, the author considers such concepts as existential choice, pedagogical support, reveals the components of the model of pedagogical support for the existential choice of a participant in the RVO and the conditions for the success of its implementation, developed taking into account the specifics of the interaction of different ages, among which are the following: - realization of the subjective position of the participants of the group of different ages; - the eventfulness of the activities of a detachment of different ages; - creation of situations of overcoming. The results of the study confirm the effectiveness of forms and methods that ensure the implementation of the conditions for pedagogical support of the existential choice of a member of a group of different ages and contribute to the formation of a subject position in children, the ability to overcome difficult life situations, motivation for self-development in the course of reflection of events. The article is intended for leaders of temporary groups of different ages at the place of residence, as well as teachers working with children's associations of different ages in the system of additional and general education.

Thyroidectomy Outcomes in Obese Patients

IntroductionObese patients often have higher complication rates after elective general surgeries; however, few studies have examined the outcomes after thyroidectomy. This study examines whether increased body mass index (BMI) is associated with poor postoperative outcomes after thyroid surgery. MethodsA retrospective review of patients who underwent thyroidectomy from 2015 to 2018 was performed. Demographics, comorbidities, pathology, and extent of resection (total versus hemithyroidectomy) were examined. Patients were classified into BMI groups according to the WHO definitions, and the incidence of surgical outcomes was determined in each group. Surgical outcomes of interest included readmission rates (RRs), length of stay, average operating room time, return to the operating room, hypocalcemia, postop infections, hematomas, and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. Between-subjects statistics including independent samples t-test, ANOVA, and chi-square analyses were performed. ResultsThere were n = 465 patients included with a mean BMI 32.35 (standard deviation = 8.55) and median BMI 30.78 (Q1 = 26.26, Q3 = 36.73). There were no differences between BMI groups in age, gender, smoking, heart disease. There was a positive association between increased BMI and postoperative infection (P < 0.001), pneumonia (P = 0.018), and surgical site infection (P = 0.04), which were highest for BMI > 40. Increased BMI was associated with a higher 30-d RR (P = 0.008), particularly for BMI >40 versus BMI <40 (6.2% versus 1.05%; P = 0.003). There were no significant differences between surgical outcomes for patients with increased BMI who underwent total thyroidectomy or hemithyroidectomy. ConclusionsExcellent postoperative outcomes were observed in all BMI categories. Higher postoperative infection and 30-d RRs were observed in the morbidly obese. Contrary to previous studies, operating room times were similar regardless of BMI.