Mother's Age Research Articles

Time to initiate complementary feeding and its predictors among primipara mothers who have infants aged 6–12 months in the Awi zone, northwest Ethiopia

IntroductionThe timely initiation of complementary feeding is essential to reduce infant mortality. In Ethiopia, 37.5 % of mothers did not initiate complementary feeding to their infants in time. However, previous studies could not identify the time to initiate complementary feeding among primipara mothers. Therefore, this study aims to identify the time to initiate complementary feeding and its predictors among primipara mothers with infants aged 6–12 months in the Awi zone, northwest Ethiopia. MethodsA community-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 732 primipara mothers who had infants aged 6–12 months from January 1, 2022, to December 30, 2022. A multistage sampling technique was used to select study participants through questionnaires administered by interviewers. Data were entered into EPI-data 3.1 and exported to STATA 17 for further analysis. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve together with the log-rank test was used to assess the survival experience of the infant at specific times and to compare the survival of the infant in it between different categorical independent variables. Bivariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to identify significant predictors. Model fitness was also assessed using the Schoenfield residual and the Cox-Snell global residual test. Statistical significance was declared at the p-value <0.05. ResultThe median time to initiate complementary feeding among primipara mother-infant pairs was 6 ± 2 months. The overall incidence rate of complementary feeding initiation before, at and after 6 months of age of the infant was 7.28 (95%CI: 6.44, 8.25), 41.41 (95%CI: 36.05, 47.56), and 42.97 (95%CI: 36.89, 50.05) per 100 person-month observations, respectively. Among those mothers who initiated complementary feeding for their infants, 249, 200, and 165 initiated complementary feeding before, at and after 6 months of age of the infants. Furthermore, the age (15–24 years) of mothers (AHR: 1.63, 95%CI: 1.16, 2.29), rich wealth (AHR: 1.35, 95%CI: 1.05, 1.75), and richest wealth (AHR: 1.43, 95%CI: 1.10, 1.84) were identified as statistically significant predictors of the time to initiate complementary feeding. ConclusionsThe median time to initiate complementary feeding among primipara mother-infant pairs was 6 months. The age of the mother and the wealth status of the household were found to be statistically independent predictors of the time to initiate complementary feeding. Therefore, community health professionals are better able to work on when to initiate complementary feeding to infants of rich and richest young primipara mothers.

Frequency of major congenital malformations in neonates born in three tertiary care hospitals of Pakistan.

Objective: To assess the frequency of major congenital anomalies in newborns delivered in three different hospitals of Pakistan. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Pediatrics Hameed Latif Teaching Hospital, Lahore, Ittefaq Hospital Lahore and HITEC-IMS Taxilla. Period: Jan 2023 to November 2023. Methods: 205 neonates who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study from labour room of Hameed Latif Teaching Hospital Lahore, Ittefaq Hospital Lahore and HITEC-IMS Taxilla. Informed consent was obtained from parents. Demographic variables (name of mother, gender, birthweight and gestational age at birth) were recorded. Then neonates were admitted in NICU and evaluated for presence of congenital malformations including cardiovascular system defects, limbs anomalies, genitourinary system, central nervous system and chromosomal anomalies. All data was entered in specially designed performa. Results: We found that overall gestational age was greater than 32 weeks with mean age of 37.190±2.00 weeks. Mean birth weight was 2.938±0.31 Kg. Frequency and %age of patients according to gender was 60% males and 40% females. Major congenital malformation was seen in 2.9% patients. Among infants with major congenital malformations, cardiovascular system defects were seen in 33.3% infants, limb anomalies 16.7%, genitourinary system 16.7% and central nervous system defects were 33.3%. Parents of 67.7% of cases were cousins. It was observed that only 32.3% of the mothers had taken the recommended daily dose of folic acid in antenatal period. Conclusion: Central nervous system and cardiovascular system defects were the most prominent anomalies detected. Prenatal diagnosis may be helpful in decreasing mortality by offering early termination.

어머니의 사회경제적 배경에 따른 양육 특성이 유아의 문제행동에 미치는 영향

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the discrimination of mothers' parenting characteristics according to socioeconomic background and analyze the effects of parenting characteristics on the young children's problem behaviors.&#x0D; Methods It was analyzed the socioeconomic background, parenting characteristics, and problem behavior of 2,150 mothers with 5-year-old children, using the 7th panel data of the Panel Study on Korean Children. Using the program SPSS 21.0, the mean differences in parenting characteristics according to the mother's socioeconomic background were analyzed using t-test and one-way ANOVA. In addition, after analyzing the correlation between the mother's parenting characteristics and the young children's problem behavior, hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to analyze the influence of the mother's parenting characteristics on the young children's problem behavior.&#x0D; Results Mothers' parenting characteristics differed depending on the mother's age, education level, and household income level, and the correlation between parenting characteristics and young children's problem behavior was low. As a result of analyzing the factors affecting children's internalizing problem behavior, the higher the income in the socioeconomic background, the less internalizing problem behavior, and among parenting characteristics, the higher the parenting stress and the less parent-child interaction, the more internalizing problem behavior increased. As a result of the analysis of externalizing problem behavior, it was found that for male young children, the greater the parenting stress, and the less paternalistic parenting behavior and parent-child interaction, the more the infant's externalizing problem behavior increased.&#x0D; Conclusions System establishment and policy support are required to minimize the interdependence and connection between socioeconomic background, parenting characteristics, and problem behavior. Additionally, because mothers' parenting stress has the greatest impact on their children's problem behavior, mothers should seek ways to reduce stress themselves. Additionally, a consensus on co-parenting must be formed at the community and government levels, breaking away from the framework that childrearing is the mother's responsibility.&#x0D;

Analysis of Postpartum Blues In Partworld Mothers In The Working Area of The Kedaung Barat Health Center, Tangerang District, 2023

Postpartum Blues is influenced by age, education, parity, type of delivery, physical fatigue, husband's support, and family support. This research aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of postpartum blues in the Kedaung Barat Health Center Working Area, Tangerang Regency in 2023. This research design uses a cross-sectional quantitative descriptive approach. Research respondents The population in this study was parturient mothers in the West Kedaung Health Center Working Area, Tangerang Regency, in October-December 2023, totaling 183 people. The sampling technique used is proportional sampling. The results of the research showed that the frequency distribution of postpartum blues was 20%, the age of postpartum mothers who were not at risk was 20-35 years, 65.7%, mothers with low education were 77.1%, multiparous mothers were 57.1%, and the type of birth was normal. 82.9%, 61.4% of postpartum mothers experienced physical fatigue, 57.1% of mothers did not receive husband support, and 58.6% of mothers did not receive family support. Postpartum mothers need to know information about postpartum blues so that mothers can prevent or overcome the occurrence of postpartum blues.

Impact of Mothers Awareness Gained Through Antenatal Care on Mother and New Borne Health at Pabna District in Bangladesh

Background: Antenatal care (ANC) serves as a critical component of maternal healthcare, providing pregnant women with essential medical services, information, and support to ensure a healthy pregnancy and childbirth. Objective: The aims of this study was to examine the impact of rural and urban mothers awareness gained through antenatal care of which mothers admitted in the labour ward and postnatal wards of Pabna Medical College Hospital for child birth. Methodology: A descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted among systemic randomly selected 442 postnatal mothers. Among them 241 mothers were selected from rural and 201 mothers from urban area. Data were collected by face to face interview through structured questionnaire from January to October 2022. Results: The mean age of rural mothers was 24.82 ± 4.03 years and 24.68 ±4.5 years of urban mothers. From the rural areas, 91.3% respondents know about meaning of antenatal care. On the other hand in urban areas 97.5% respondents know about meaning of antenatal care. It was found that in case of rural areas, 83.8% respondents replied that mother’s condition after child birth was good and in case of urban areas 88.1% respondents replied that mother’s condition after child birth was good. In rural areas 89.7% respondents replied that babies condition after birth was good and in urban areas 92.6% respondents replied that babies condition after birth was good. Conclusion: The awareness gained through antenatal care plays a pivotal role in promoting maternal and neonatal health by facilitating early detection and management of complications, promoting healthy behaviors, and empowering women to make informed decisions about their health and the health of their newborns.

Description of Mother's Age and Parity with The Incident of Chronic Energy Deficiency in The 1st Trimester at Kramatwatu Health Center for The Period of October-December

The most common nutritional intake disorder in pregnant women in the first trimester is Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED). CED in pregnant women is a condition where the mother lacks energy and protein intake during pregnancy which can result in health problems for the mother and fetus. A preliminary survey conducted by researchers at the Kramatwatu Community Health Center for the October-December 2022 period included 106 pregnant women in the first trimester. The aim of this research is to determine the description of maternal age and parity with the incidence of chronic energy deficiency in the first trimester at the Kramatwatu Community Health Center for the period October-December 2022. The research method used is descriptive research. The study population was all 106 first trimester pregnant women. Sample on this study included all 106 pregnant women in the first trimester. The sampling technique used in this research was a total sampling technique (non-probability sampling). The data source for this research is secondary data. The results of the research on the incidence of chronic energy deficiency in pregnant women in the first trimester were 35 people (33%). In the age category, a higher proportion was found in the &lt;20 years and &gt;35 years age group, namely 40 people (38%). For parity in the primipara and grandemultipara groups there were 35 people (33%). The incidence of chronic energy deficiency in the first trimester occurred in a higher proportion in the group of mothers aged &lt;20 years and &gt;35 years at 18 (45%). The incidence of chronic energy deficiency in the first trimester was higher in the primipara and grandemultipara groups at 19 people (54.3%). Research Suggestions Health workers at the Kramatwatu Community Health Center can maintain quality health services and provide counseling education to all pregnant women who experience Chronic Energy Deficiency.

Knowledge regarding immunization among mothers of under-five children in Uttarakhand

Background: Immunization is one of the most impactful and cost-effective health investments globally that helps in reducing the burden of infectious diseases keeping children safe. Mothers are the major role players with regard to their children’s immunization. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess knowledge regarding immunization among mothers of under-five children in the Doiwala block of Dehradun, Uttarakhand. A total of one hundred mothers of under-five children were conveniently selected through door-to-door survey. A structured knowledge questionnaire on under-five immunization was administered through the interview technique to assess the knowledge of the mothers. Results: Among 100 mothers of under-five children 13% had poor knowledge, 63% had average knowledge and 24% had good knowledge regarding under-five immunization. There was significant association between age, education status and socioeconomic status of mothers with knowledge score regarding under-five immunization. Conclusions: There is a strong need to increase awareness and knowledge about immunization among children; its benefits and importance. There is also a need to educate people especially mothers regarding harmful consequences of incomplete immunization of children.

Description of Age and Parity with the Occurrence of Sectio Caesarea in Maternity Women in Cilegon City Regional Hospital for the Period July - December 2023

Caesarean section delivery has a 25 times greater risk of death, compared to vaginal delivery. From the research results, it was found that the incidence of Caesarean section delivery in the Cilegon City Regional Hospital for the period July-December 2022 was 153 out of 344 people or (44%). The aim of this research is to determine the description of the age and parity of mothers giving birth and the incidence of caesarean section deliveries in the period July - December 2022. The research method used is descriptive research using simple random sampling techniques. The results of this study show that 42 respondents (54.5%) still found mothers who experienced caesarean section. In the age category, a higher proportion was found in the non-risk age group, 54 people (70.1%). For parity in the at-risk group there were 59 people (76.6%). A higher proportion of mothers who experienced caesarean section occurred in the non-risk group, namely 28 people (52%). The proportion of mothers who experienced caesarean section was higher in the primipara group, 12 people (67%) and in the multipara group, 30 people (51%). Suggestions for educational institutions are that the results of this research can be well documented to be used as a reference source for further research, for health services it is hoped that they will be able to maintain services in accordance with standards, for future researchers they can add variables and broader and more accurate insight.

Maternal periodontitis as a risk factor for preterm birth: A cross-sectional study.

Preterm birth is a heterogeneous condition with multiple underlying causes, and periodontal diseases are one of them. Approximately 900000 preterm births are reported in Pakistan each year. Oral infections such as periodontitis during pregnancy are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight and preterm births. However, different studies have reported contradictory findings. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the association of preterm birth with oral infection in pregnancy. We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study on 400 postpartum pregnant women in Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Only women within the age bracket of 18‒40 years were recruited. Data were collected by an interview-based structured questionnaire. The extent and severity index were used to assess the periodontal health of participants. Frequency tables were generated, and the chi-squared test was used to determine associations between different categorical variables. The mean age of the participants was 25.8±4.9 years. Approximately 87.5% of the women had generalized periodontitis. Approximately 68% of mothers had moderate severity of periodontitis. The extent index showed no notable difference between the preterm and full-term birth groups. In contrast, the severity index displayed a statistically significant difference between the preterm and full-term birth groups. The majority of women had generalized periodontitis. The severity index demonstrated a significant association between maternal periodontitis and preterm births. There was no association between the age of mothers and preterm births. Complications in pregnancy were not associated with preterm births.

The effect of maternal age on stunting incidence (Analysis of 2018 Riskesdas Secondary Data)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Stunting is a nutritional problem in children which is characterized by the child's height not meeting the age standards set by WHO. Indonesia is the country with the highest prevalence of stunting. Stunting has the impact of delays in various sectors, especially health, in the short term, namely increasing morbidity and mortality rates. Stunting is caused by household factors, one of which is maternal factors. One of the reasons children are stunted is the mother's age, which is still in the adolescent range. Teenage moms who become pregnant often lack the knowledge necessary to ensure their unborn kid has a healthy diet, which can lead to stunting in the infant.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Objectives:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; This study aims to determine the effect of maternal age on the incidence of stunting in children aged 0-59 months based on 2018 Riskesdas data.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Methods:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; This research is a quantitative study with an analytical cross-sectional design using secondary data analysis based on survey results from Riskesdas in 2018. Data collection was carried out in March 2018 by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) with locations in all provinces in Indonesia consisting of 34 provinces. The sample used was adjusted to the inclusion criteria, namely 69,155 mothers and toddlers aged 0-59 months. Research analysis was carried out using SPSS in stages based on a description of the research results and frequency distribution by presenting tables on the variables studied and using bivariate analysis simple binary logistic regression with Crude OR results with a confidence level of 95%.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Results:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; The results obtained in this study were that there was a significant influence between maternal age and the incidence of stunting with a p value = 0.003. As many as 17.7% of stunting incidents in toddlers were experienced by teenage mothers.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; There is an influence of maternal age on the incidence of stunting in toddlers. It is hoped that health institutions can increase awareness regarding early marriage which can cause stunting.&lt;/em&gt;

FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH (BBLR) DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM SAWERIGADING PALOPO

Low Birth Weight (LBW) is one of the health problems experienced by the community, which is marked with a birth weight less than 2500 grams. Low Birth Weight are basically related to the lack of nutrition during pregnancy, but there are still some nutritional factors, in this case the mother's age, parity, and education, and not only that, there are many more factors that can cause the LBW. Design research study is a descriptive cross sectional study with a sample of 22 people, who use the test perarson chi - square in SPSS 23. The purpose of this study is to know and identify factors associated with Low Birth Weight at Hospital General Sawerigading Palopo.based on stastiscal test found no association between Low Birth Weight with maternal age, parity, and education Where to maternal age obtained p-value = 0.003 with Low Birth Weight, for parity obtained p value = 0.001 with significance level α = 0.05, which means that there is a relationship between parity with Low Birth Weight, while the value obtained for educational p = 0.000 with significance level α = 0.05, which means that there is a relationship between education and Infant Birth Weight low. Conclusion there is a relationship between low birth weight infant(LBW) with maternal age, parity. Sebmitted suggestions notice and researchers in order to improve health care, especially during pregnancy and frequent checkups on the health of health care workers so that the baby can be improved. Keywords : Low birth Weight, Maternal Age, Parity

Вплив факторів ризику на формування затримки росту плода

Fetal growth retardation is defined as the condition of a fetus whose weight is less than 10% of the gestational weight age, that is, the fetus does not reach its genetic growth potential. Aim - to determine the risk factors contributing to the formation of fetal growth retardation. Materials and methods. A retrospective study of medical documentation of 110 patients (main group) with a confirmed fetal growth restriction and 70 pregnant women of the control group, searching risk factors for fetal growth restriction. Results. The frequency of abnormalities of the umbilical cord and placenta was 24.5% in the main group against 4% in the control group. Extragenital diseases occurred in 74.5% versus 20% in the control group. In addition, uterine malformations (6.3% in the main and 2% in the control groups), low weight before pregnancy 41.8% in the main and 20% in the control group. Heavy bleeding in the I and II trimesters of pregnancy - 10% in the main group versus 2% in the control group, abnormal biochemical markers of I and II screening - 56.3% in the main group versus 30% in the control group. Conclusions. Insufficient growth of the fetus is a multifactorial pathology, among the leading pathogenetic factors of extragenital diseases, uterine malformations, additional reproductive technologies, low maternal weight before pregnancy. Except moreover, risk factors for fetal growth retardation are previous births a child with a low weight, the interval between pregnancies less than 18 months and the mother's age is over 35 years old. 13.6% of pregnant women with insufficient fetal growth had more than 3 factors risk (in the control group - 1.4%), however, more than a third of patients who had such a pregnancy complication (35.4%) had none of the listed risk factors, which prompts further research into pathogenesis. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all institutions mentioned in the work. Informed consent of the children's parents was obtained for the research. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Effects of the Momentum project on postpartum family planning norms and behaviors among married and unmarried adolescent and young first-time mothers in Kinshasa: A quasi-experimental study.

This study evaluated the effect of Momentum-an integrated family planning, maternal and newborn health, and nutrition intervention-on postpartum family planning norms and behaviors among ever married and never-married first-time mothers age 15-24 in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Using data collected in 2018 and 2020, we conducted an intent-to-treat analysis among 1,927 first-time mothers who were about six-months pregnant at enrollment. Difference-in-differences models were run for panel data and treatment effects models with inverse-probability weighting for endline-only outcomes. Average treatment effects (ATE) were estimated. Momentum had positive effects on partner discussion of family planning in the early postpartum period (ever married 15-19: ATE = 0.179, 95% CI = 0.098, 0.261; never married 15-19: ATE = 0.131, 95% CI = 0.029, 0.232; ever married 20-24: ATE = 0.233, 95% CI = 0.164, 0.302; never married 20-24: ATE = 0.241, 95% CI = 0.121, 0.362) and discussion with a health worker, and on obtaining a contraceptive method in the early postpartum period, except among never married adolescents. Among adolescents, intervention effects on modern contraceptive use within 12 months of childbirth/pregnancy loss were larger for the never married (ATE = 0.251, 95% CI = 0.122, 0.380) than the ever married (ATE = 0.114, 95% CI = 0.020, 0.208). Full intervention exposure had consistently larger effects on contraceptive behaviors than partial exposure, except among ever married adolescents. Momentum had no effect on normative expectations about postpartum family planning use among adolescents, and on descriptive norms and personal agency among those who were never married. Results for normative outcomes and personal agency underscored the intersectionality between young maternal age and marital status. Future programs should improve personal agency and foster normative change in support of postpartum family planning uptake and tailor interventions to different age and marital status subsets of first-time mothers.

Evaluating Knowledge of Mothers With 0–24 Month Babies on Management and Preventive Measures for Diaper Dermatitis in Makka Region, Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Diaper dermatitis (DD) or nappy rash is characterized by the presence of skin erosion and reddishness caused by the prolonged exposure of the diapered area to urine and feces, commonly observed in babies or infants. The incidence of DD is found to be higher among children between the ages of 0 and 12 months. DD can cause an alteration in eating and sleeping patterns, increased crying, anxiety, and emotional stress. Aim: The present study is aimed at measuring the knowledge of the mothers with infants from 0 to 24 months about the management and preventive aspects of DD in the Makka region of Saudi Arabia. Results: The results of the present study showed that 59% of mothers present in the Makka region had good knowledge about the prevalence and management of DD. The findings of the study suggested that the age of the baby, gender, frequency of changing diapers, use of disposable diapers, cleaning, and treatment are related to the prevalence of DD. The socio-economic and demographical characters (age of mother (P&lt;0.05) and educational of mother (P&lt;0.0001)), number of children, age of child (P &lt;0.05), use of diaper (P &lt;0.05), type of diaper (P&lt;0.05), cleaning and drying method (P&lt;0.0001), treatment aspect (P&lt;0.005) and introduction to solids (P&lt;0.0001) are found to influence the knowledge of mother. Conclusion: Although most mothers were educated on DD, it is important to impart knowledge to parents and caretakers about the management, hygiene practices, and preventive measures of DD.

Preventive behaviour and attitudes towards early childhood caries amongst mothers of toddlers in Bangladesh

Background: Our aim was to analyse mothers of toddlers’ preventive behaviour towards ECC in Bangladesh.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of mothers and their 6–24-month-old children visiting vaccination centres in Trishal, Bangladesh in 2021. A cluster-sampling method was applied to select 10 immunization centres and all mothers who attended the centres with a 6–24-month-old child were recruited. Mothers’ preventive behaviour and attitude towards oral health was determined using a reliable instrument. Clinical examinations were conducted to assess the presence of dental plaque on the labial surfaces of the upper central incisors and the ICDAS II index criteria were utilized to detect ECC. The associations between preventive behaviours and the plaque score and caries status of the children were determined using multivariable logistic regression analysis after adjusting for confounding variables (mother’s age and educational status).Results: The prevalence of ECC among the children was 25.8%. ECC experience was significantly associated with low educational level (p = 0.02) and older age (p = 0.01) of mothers. Of the mothers, 75.2% reported to brush their teeth twice daily and about half of them (48.8%) cleaned their children’s teeth daily; and 5.8% with fluoridated toothpaste. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that caries preventive behaviour of mothers (AOR = 2.63, 95% CI 1.41–4.91) and the plaque score of the child (AOR = 14.69, 95% CI 7.45–28.9) were significant risk indicators for ECC in the study population.Conclusions: The prevalence of ECC was high among the Bangladeshi toddlers and factors such as the mothers’ preventive behaviour and presence of plaque were associated with the occurrence.

Correlations of Knowledge and Mother’s Visit Compliance with Growth Trends of Children Under Five Post Pandemic at Integrated Service Post Program in Sidoarjo District

Growth trends of children under five are affected by several factors including mother’s knowledge and mother’s visit compliance to Integrated Service Post Program. During the COVID-19 pandemic mother’s visit to Integrated Service Post Program decreased, so this study to analyse the corrrelations of mother’s knowledge and mother’s visit compliance with growth trends of children under five post pandemics at Integrated Service Post Program in Sidoarjo District. The sample of 49 children under five. Collected data through interviews and observing growth chart to see growth trends. In this study, the average age of mothers under five was 31 years old, had a Diploma/Bachelor degree, had less knowledge, had a good level of visit compliance to Integrated Service Post Program, but most of the growth trends of childrens under five are not matched. The study shows that there is relationship between knowledge and mother’s visit compliance to the Integrated Service Post Program with the post-pandemic growth trend of children under five. Therefore, it is hoped that Integrated Service Post Program cadres can educate mothers under five about the importance of Integrated Service Post Program and mother can learn about how to read growth trends of children under five.

“A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Educational Package On Knowledge Regarding Prevention and Management of Febrile Seizure Among the mother of Children Admitted in Shri Vinoba Bhave Civil Hospital, Silvassa, DNH.”

Background: Febrile seizure is condition that, occurring in children associated with fever. Febrile seizures are the most common seizures in children younger than 5 years. They are defined as a seizure accompanied by a fever of at least 100.4°F (38°C) without central nervous system infection. However, the misconception and poor knowledge of this condition could result in certain harmful home management of the condition. children within the age for febrile seizure spend most of their daytime hours with their mothers, this implies that a seizure of child may likely be first attended to by the mother, thus adequate knowledge by the mothers is important. Aim: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of educational package on the level of knowledge among mother of children with febrile seizure. Methodology: A Quasi experimental design used to assess the effectiveness of educational package regarding prevention and management of febrile seizure. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was adopted to select 60 samples which was equally divided into control (30) and experimental (30) group. Pretest was conducted to both groups followed by implementation of educational package to experimental group along with routine nursing care and only routine nursing care to control group. Level of knowledge was assessed after 5 days. Result: The analysis of the study reveals that the majority of samples belonged to the age of the mother (16) (53.3%) between 20 and 30 years in the experimental group. The majority of samples from the experiment belong to middle education (43.3%). In both groups, the majority of samples were housewives (63.3%). Regarding religion, Hindu belong to 24 (80%) of the sample. The monthly income ratios for families range from 10,000 to 15,000/- (50%). In the experimental group, the age of the child is 1-3 years (46.7%). In the experimental group, the pretest and posttest levels of knowledge mean score with standard deviation were 3.27±2.83, 14.4±2.42. In the control group, the pretest and posttest mean score with standard deviation were 3.13±2.89, 23±2.85. The obtained t-value of experimental and control group of posttest knowledge scores was t- 16.37, at p &lt; 0.001, which were highly significant at the 0.05 level of significance. Age of mother and religion were associated with knowledge scores of mothers at 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: The result showed that there was a significant increase in the level of knowledge among the mothers in the experimental group after the administration of the educational package intervention. Key words: febrile seizure, educational package, level of knowledge

The Effectiveness of Oral Stimulation on the Suction Reflex in LBW Babies in the Perinatology Room at RSUD dr. Abdul Rivai Berau

Efforts to treat Low Birth Weight (LBW) babies to increase body weight while in hospital is by providing direct breast milk; however, there is a weakness in suction power in LBW babies. Oral stimulation is necessary to increase the suction reflex to overcome this. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of oral stimulation on the sucking reflex in LBW babies. This was a pre-experimental study and One Group Pre-Test – Post-Test design without a control group. The population was LBW babies in the Perinatology Room at dr. Abdul Rivai Hospital has 30 babies, based on the Roscoe formula, and has a sample of 20 people. Data analysis used the Friedman test. Characteristics of respondents: mostly gestational age 28-36 weeks (60%), female gender (60%), baby weight between 1,500-2,499 grams (55%), mother's age &gt; 35 years (50%), mother's education graduated from high school (47.1%), parity of multiparous mothers (60%) and mother's occupation as housewife (60%). The sucking reflex in LBW babies before being given oral stimulation was completely lacking by 20 respondents (100%). The sucking reflex in LBW babies after being given oral stimulation was perfect for 20 respondents (100%). Oral stimulation was influential on the sucking reflex in LBW babies (p-value = 0.000 &lt; ?: 0.05). This indicates that oral stimulation is effective on the sucking reflex in LBW babies. Hospitals are expected to make oral stimulation of Standard Operational Procedure for routine activities carried out by nurses and physiotherapists to improve the sucking reflex in LBW and LBW babies.

Factors Associated with Mothers Health Seeking Behavior among Newborn Illness.

Inappropriate, delayed and poor health seeking behavior increases the high risk of morbidity and mortality among newborns, infants and children. Newborns health status depends upon mothers' health seeking behavior. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with mother's health seeking behavior among newborn illness in Rupandehi District, Nepal. Community based cross-sectional study among 372 mothers aged 15-49 years was conducted in Rupandehi district Nepal from May to November 2019. Multistage probability random sampling was used as the sampling technique. Siddharthanagar municipality and Mayadevi rural municipality were selected randomly among 16 local units of Rupandehi district. Two wards from each unit were selected by stratified random sampling using non replacement lottery method. As the sample size was 372, ninety three respondents were selected randomly from each ward. The mean age and standard deviation of mothers was 25.32±4.36 years respectively. Among 372 mothers, 21.24% had poor health seeking behavior. Mothers having more than one child (AOR=0.15; CI: 0.02-0.98), primary and above education (AOR=8.89; CI: 3.15-25.08), visited hospital after 24 hours of newborn illness (AOR=13.59; CI: 1.73-106.7), knew danger signs of newborn (AOR=18.74; CI: 5.65-62.23), practiced exclusive breastfeeding (AOR=8.20; CI: 3.36-20.03) were significantly associated with health seeking behavior. Almost 22 % of mothers had poor health seeking behavior regarding their newborn illness. Number of living child, education of mother, appropriate time for treatment, receive health services when there is dangers signs of newborn and exclusive breast feeding practice were independent factors associated with mother's health seeking behavior. Hence, decision-makers and local administrator should provide specific intervention to newborns' mother regarding family planning, identifying and preventing danger signs of newborn, importance of appropriate time of treatment and exclusive breastfeeding.

Analysis of Social Demography, Behavioral Hygiene, Breast Milk, And Nutritional Status in Children with Diarrhea in Surabaya City

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of social demographics, personal hygiene, breastfeeding, and nutritional status on the incidence of diarrhea among children. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing and improving the quality of health services, particularly in reducing child mortality rates associated with diarrhea. Methods: The research employed an explanatory survey research design, aimed at exploring new insights, identifying relationships between phenomena, and understanding the reasons behind certain events. Approval for data collection was obtained from the Candel Surabaya's ethics committee. Data were gathered from the Wonokromo sub-district in Surabaya in June 2023, with a sample size ranging from 300 to 400, selected through purposive sampling. Questionnaires were distributed to mothers attending Posyandu in Wonokromo village, and data were analyzed univariately using logistic regression. Results and Discussion: Statistical analysis revealed several significant findings. Ethnicity and the number of children were found to have no significant effect on the incidence of diarrhea (p-value = 0.322 and p-value = 0.930, respectively). However, factors such as mother's age (p-value = 0.021), education (p-value = 0.000), employment (p-value = 0.000), income (p-value = 0.000), child's age (p-value = 0.000), gender (p-value = 0.019), personal hygiene (p-value = 0.000), breastfeeding (p-value = 0.000), and nutritional status (p-value = 0.000) were significantly associated with the incidence of diarrhea. These results suggest that social demographics and personal hygiene, breastfeeding, and nutritional status play significant roles in influencing diarrhea occurrence among children. Implications of the Research: The findings of this study carry important implications for public health interventions. It underscores the necessity of promoting healthy lifestyle practices among parents, particularly mothers, to mitigate the incidence of diarrhea in children. Improving education, employment opportunities, income levels, and access to healthcare services can contribute to better health outcomes for children. Additionally, emphasizing the importance of personal hygiene, breastfeeding, and maintaining adequate nutritional status can significantly reduce the risk of diarrhea. Originality/Value: This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by highlighting the specific factors that influence the incidence of diarrhea among children in a particular setting. By elucidating the significance of social demographics and various health-related practices, this study provides valuable insights for healthcare professionals, policymakers, and community stakeholders to develop targeted interventions aimed at reducing child morbidity and mortality associated with diarrhea.