Affective Attitudes Research Articles

Pupils Attitude and Performance In English

Pupil’s attitude towards learning English is evident in everyday teaching –learning process that may affect its academic performance specifically in English. This study sought to determine the level of pupil’s attitude in terms of affective, behavioral and cognitive dimensions, the level of pupil’s performance in English and the significant relationship between the pupil’s attitude and performance in English among the three (3) schools of Talisayan District, Division of Misamis Oriental during the Second Quarter of the School Year 2023-2024. There was a total of one hundred thirteen (113) Grade 4 and 5 pupils’ respondents through total enumeration sampling method. This study utilized a researcher-made survey questionnaire. Descriptive statistics such as Mean, Standard Deviation, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) were used. Results showed that the Cognitive Attitudes received the highest average rating, while affective attitudes got the lowest. There was no substantial correlation between pupils' attitudes about the English language and their performance in language. As a result, pupils should focus on studying difficult English subjects.

Improving work ethics and organizational citizenship behavior through positive cognitive and affective attitude toward work

The research delved into the impact of attitudes toward work on both work ethics and organizational citizenship behavior. To enrich the understanding of this relationship, existing literature was thoroughly examined. Employing a descriptive assessment coupled with a correlational research design, the study focused on employees within the Divine Word College of Laoag. Data collection was facilitated through the administration of questionnaires, while inferential statistical tools such as mean and ANOVA were employed for data analysis. The findings indicated a notably high level of both cognitive and affective attitudes toward work among employees, paralleled by elevated levels of work ethics and organizational citizenship behavior. Furthermore, correlational analysis unveiled significant relationships between attitudes toward work and organizational citizenship behavior, encompassing its OCBO dimension. Similarly, a correlation was identified between attitudes toward work and work ethics. Despite its insightful findings, it's worth noting that the study's scope was confined to a specific population. Consequently, there arises a necessity for further research encompassing a broader demographic to ensure the generalizability of the findings.

The attitude to nails as a representation of the boundary of the bodily Self

The concepts of “cultural skin” and “second skin” are discussed as two behavioral patterns of Ego protection and representation of the boundaries of the bodily Self based on the relationship to nails. Two forms of manifestation of the second skin (encapsulation/fusion) are distinguished. The phenomenon of representing the bodily Self boundary as a combination of encapsulation/fusion is obtained. The online study involved 464 women who first answered the questions and identified themselves in three categories (nail biting, long nails, neat nails). Then it was necessary to perform blank methods: “Diagnosis of the bodily Self” (I.V. Lybko), “Self structural test of G. Ammon” (ISTA). According to the results of the analysis, the sample was divided into four categories depending on the measure of affective attitude towards nails and patterns of behavior towards the nail plate (nail care/self-harm). Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, it is proved that the attitude to nails is associated with different ways of representing the boundaries of the bodily self.

The dark side of artificial intelligence in marketing: meta-analytics review

PurposeArtificial intelligence (AI) has become a pivotal technology in both marketing and daily life. Despite extensive research on the benefits of AI, its adverse effects on customers have received limited attention.Design/methodology/approachWe employed meta-analysis to synthesise effect sizes from 45 studies encompassing 50 independent samples (N = 19,503) to illuminate the negative facets of AI's impact on customer responses.FindingsAdverse effects of AI, including privacy concern, perceived risks, customer alienation, and uniqueness neglect, have a negative and significant effect on customers' cognitive (perceived benefit, trust), affective (attitude and satisfaction) and behavioural responses (purchase, loyalty, well-being). Additionally, moderators in AI (online versus offline), customer (age, male vs. female), product (hedonic vs. utilitarian, high vs. low involvement), and firm level (service vs. manufacturing) and national level (individualism, power distance, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation) moderate these relationships.Practical implicationsOur findings inform marketing managers about the drawbacks of utilising AI as part of their value proposition and provide recommendations on how to minimise these effects in different contexts. Additionally, policymakers need to consider the dark side of AI, especially among the vulnerable groups.Originality/valueThis paper is among the first research studies that synthesise previous research on the dark side of AI, providing a comprehensive view of its diminishing impact on customer responses.

The Political Socialization of University Students: A Case Study of the University of Dhaka

Political socialization is required in order to develop a civic culture among the citizens and instill into youths a cognitive, affective, and evaluative orientation towards the political objects and leaders of any state. This study aims to explore the nature of the political socialization of students at the University of Dhaka. In order to collect the primary data, 400 students from four faculties of the University of Dhaka were surveyed purposively. The study argues that the students at the University of Dhaka are politically socialized, although their degree of political socialization varies among the students according to whether their educational background is in the arts, social sciences, science, or business. Of all the agents, the media impacts the most on the process of students’ political socialization. The study found that most of the students at this university possess the cognitive, affective, and evaluative capacities to understand political issues and objectives. The media, their family, and the university play prominent roles in developing the students’ attitudes and knowledge about political objects and issues. The findings indicate that the media play the most influential role in generating cognitive, affective, and evaluative attitudes and orientations towards the political leaders and political institutions.

The acceptability of exercise prehabilitation before cancer surgery among patients, family members and health professionals: a mixed methods evaluation

PurposeExercise prehabilitation aims to increase preoperative fitness, reduce post-operative complications, and improve health-related quality of life. For prehabilitation to work, access to an effective programme which is acceptable to stakeholders is vital. The aim was to explore acceptability of exercise prehabilitation before cancer surgery among key stakeholders specifically patients, family members and healthcare providers.MethodsA mixed-methods approach (questionnaire and semi-structured interview) underpinned by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability was utilised. Composite acceptability score, (summation of acceptability constructs and a single-item overall acceptability construct), and median of each construct was calculated. Correlation analysis between the single-item overall acceptability and each construct was completed. Qualitative data was analysed using deductive and inductive thematic analysis.Results244 participants completed the questionnaire and n=31 completed interviews. Composite acceptability was comparable between groups (p=0.466). Four constructs positively correlated with overall acceptability: affective attitude (r=0.453), self-efficacy (r=0.399), ethicality (r=0.298) and intervention coherence (r=0.281). Qualitative data confirmed positive feelings, citing psychological benefits including a sense of control. Participants felt flexible prehabilitation program would be suitable for everyone, identifying barriers and facilitators to reduce burden.ConclusionExercise prehabilitation is highly acceptable to key stakeholders. Despite some burden, it is a worthwhile and effective intervention. Stakeholders understand its purpose, are confident in patients’ ability to participate, and regard it is an important intervention contributing to patients’ psychological and physical wellbeing.Implications•Introduction should be comprehensively designed and clearly presented, providing appropriate information and opportunity for questions.•Programmes should be patient-centred, designed to overcome barriers and address patients’ specific needs and goals.•Service must be appropriately resourced with a clear referral-pathway.

Oxytocin predicts positive affect gains in a role-play interaction.

Role-play, a key creative process in theatre, is used in therapeutic interventions to improve social skills, emotion regulation, and memory. Although role-play is widely used as a psychotherapeutic technique, its mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Our study introduces a standardized controlled procedure for promoting role-play in the laboratory based on the portrayal of a fictional persona and examines its effects on anxiety, affect, prosocial attitudes, and salivary oxytocin dynamics in 38 participants. In our experiment, role-play significantly increased positive affect and prosocial attitudes and decreased anxiety compared to a control condition. Basal salivary oxytocin levels predicted higher gains in positive affect following role-play, suggesting a specific moderating effect of oxytocin. The fictional persona used in the procedure was rated as very happy by subjects, creating a positive social context for the role-play social interaction. We propose that the observed moderation effect of oxytocin in our study is specific to the role-play condition due to the capacity of role-play to generate an affective regulatory context based on congruency toward the emotional state of the fictional persona. Our findings indicate that basal oxytocin levels could predict specific outcomes of role-play in therapeutical setting. We discuss several psychological and biological mechanisms that could account for the observed effects of role-play and how oxytocin could act as a substrate for them.

Affective polarization and strategic voting in Britain

ABSTRACT Do affective attitudes determine voting behavior? As a part of this broad question, we examine how third-party supporters’ affective attitudes decide their strategic voting behavior. Using seven waves of the British Election Study (2015, 2017, and 2019), we find that third-party supporters whose affective attitudes toward the two principal political parties in their constituency are more polarized are more inclined to vote strategically. The results imply that voting behavior is shaped by both feelings toward as well as cognitive evaluations of political parties. They also imply that British voters may increasingly engage in strategic voting if the level of affective polarization continues to rise. Lastly, and more generally, the results imply that all political parties should pay attention to voter “feelings” if they are to maximize their electoral support.

Acceptability of community health worker and peer supported interventions for ethnic minorities with type 2 diabetes: a qualitative systematic review.

Ethnic minority groups in high income countries in North America, Europe, and elsewhere are disproportionately affected by T2DM with a higher risk of mortality and morbidity. The use of community health workers and peer supporters offer a way of ensuring the benefits of self-management support observed in the general population are shared by those in minoritized communities. The major databases were searched for existing qualitative evidence of participants' experiences and perspectives of self-management support for type 2 diabetes delivered by community health workers and peer supporters (CHWPs) in ethnically minoritized populations. The data were analysed using Sekhon's Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. The results are described within five domains of the framework of acceptability collapsed from seven for reasons of clarity and concision: Affective attitude described participants' satisfaction with CHWPs delivering the intervention including the open, trusting relationships that developed in contrast to those with clinical providers. In considering Burden and Opportunity Costs, participants reflected on the impact of health, transport, and the responsibilities of work and childcare on their attendance, alongside a lack of resources necessary to maintain healthy diets and active lifestyles. In relation to Cultural Sensitivity participants appreciated the greater understanding of the specific cultural needs and challenges exhibited by CHWPs. The evidence related to Intervention Coherence indicated that participants responded positively to the practical and applied content, the range of teaching materials, and interactive practical sessions. Finally, in examining the impact of Effectiveness and Self-efficacy participants described how they changed a range of health-related behaviours, had more confidence in dealing with their condition and interacting with senior clinicians and benefitted from the social support of fellow participants and CHWPs. Many of the same barriers around attendance and engagement with usual self-management support interventions delivered to general populations were observed, including lack of time and resource. However, the insight of CHWPs, their culturally-sensitive and specific strategies for self-management and their development of trusting relationships presented considerable advantages.

Long-term care staffs’ experience in facilitating the use of videoconferencing by cognitively impaired long-term care residents during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods study

BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous long-term care (LTC) homes faced restrictions that prevented face-to-face visits. To address this challenge and maintain family connections, many LTC homes facilitated the use of electronic tablets to connect residents with their family caregivers. Our study sought to explore the acceptability of this practice among staff members and managers, focusing on their experiences with facilitating videoconferencing.MethodsA convergent mixed method research was performed. Qualitative and quantitative data collection through semi-structured interviews to assess the acceptability of videoconferencing in long-term care homes and to explore the characteristics of these settings. Quantitative data on the acceptability of the intervention were collected using a questionnaire developed as part of the project. The study included a convenience sample of 17 staff members and four managers.ResultsManagers described LTC homes’ characteristics, and the way videoconferencing was implemented within their institutions. Affective attitude, burden, ethicality, opportunity costs, perceived effectiveness, and self-efficacy are reported as per the constructs of the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. The results suggest a favorable acceptability and a positive attitude of managers and staff members toward the use of videoconferencing in long-term care to preserve and promote contact between residents and their family caregivers. However, participants reported some challenges related to the burden and the costs regarding the invested time and staff shortage.ConclusionsLTC home staff reported a clear understanding of the acceptability and challenges regarding the facilitation of videoconferencing by residents to preserve their contact with family caregivers.

Analisis Integrasi Nilai-Nilai Keislaman dalam Pembelajaran Matematika pada Kurikulum Merdeka di Smpn 210 Jakarta

One of the programs in the Independent Curriculum that attempts to mold students' character and improve their abilities in line with Pancasila values is the Strengthening Pancasila Student Profile (P5) Project. One way to address the issues with Indonesian education is through the P5 program. Up until now, the country has tended to emphasize students' cognitive (knowing) abilities more than their affective (attitudes) and psychomotor (skills) components. This study intends to describe the P5 Program's implementation and assess the Islamic educational ideals that are incorporated into the Merdeka Curriculum, with a focus on the P5 Program's application in mathematics at SMP Negeri 210 Jakarta. This study combines phenomenological research types with qualitative approaches. This study employed observation, documentation, and interviewing as data gathering methods. One of the programs in the Independent Curriculum that attempts to mold students' character and improve their abilities in line with Pancasila values is the Strengthening Pancasila Student Profile (P5) Project. One way to address the issues with Indonesian education is through the P5 program. Up until now, the country has tended to emphasize students' cognitive (knowing) abilities more than their affective (attitudes) and psychomotor (skills) components. This study intends to describe the P5 Program's implementation and assess the Islamic educational ideals that are incorporated into the Merdeka Curriculum, with a focus on the P5 Program's application in mathematics at SMP Negeri 210 Jakarta. This study combines phenomenological research types with qualitative approaches. This study employed observation, documentation, and interviewing as data gathering methods. The outcomes demonstrated how successfully the P5 Program in the Merdeka Curriculum has been implemented at SMP Negeri 210 Jakarta. The development of students' skills, abilities, and competences as well as their character formation in line with Pancasila values are signs of success. The P5 Program in the Merdeka Curriculum at SMP Negeri 210 Jakarta has been implemented in a methodical manner, beginning with planning, carrying out, and assessing the program. Activities of all kinds that are pertinent to the Islamic education values, including moral, social, and creedal values, are included in the program's implementation.

Evaluation of final-year nursing students' attitudes towards preventing medical device‐related pressure ulcers using a ABC model of affect, behavior and cognitive dimensions

IntroductionHalf of the hospital-acquired pressure ulcers are associated with the use of medical devices. Nursing students provide care services to patients in clinical settings and intensive care units who have or are at risk for medical device-related pressure ulcers (MDRPUs). In the prevention and care of MDRPUs, the attitudes of nursing students towards preventing of pressure ulcers are as crucial as their knowledge level and clinical skills. AimThe aim of this descriptive study is to assess the attitudes of final-year nursing undergraduate students towards preventing MDRPUs across cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions of ABC model. Materials and methodsData of the study was handed between April 1 and December 31, 2021, with 147 final-year nursing students. Data were collected using the Student Information Form and the Attitude Towards Preventing Medical Device-Related Pressure Ulcers Questionnaire (ATP-MDRPUsQ). ResultsThe mean attitude score towards preventing MDRPUs was 3.98 ± 0.45 on a 5-point Likert scale. The mean scores for the cognitive, affective, and behavioral sub-dimensions were 3.88 ± 0.57, 4.15 ± 0.51, and 4.00 ± 0.672, respectively. A moderate positive relationship was found between the cognitive sub-dimension and both the affective and behavioral sub-dimensions (r = 0.451; r = 0.302; p < 0.01, respectively). Based on cluster analysis, the mean attitude scores of students towards MDRPU prevention were grouped into two clusters. The students in Cluster-2 and female students had higher mean attitude scores (p < 0.01). The item with the lowest mean score in the questionnaire pertained to the item, "I believe that I need training on the etiology and prevention of medical device-related pressure ulcers." ConclusionThe general attitudes of final-year nursing students towards prevention MDRPU were satisfactory. However, their cognitive attitudes were less positive compared to their affective and behavioral attitudes. It is recommended to incorporate theoretical and practical courses focusing on the prevention of these injuries into nursing curricula to enhance students' knowledge and attitudes.

Analyzing Content An ESP Textbook: English International Tourism By Peter Strutt

This research aimed to analyze the content of the English textbook "English for International Tourism" by Peter Strutt using the approach proposed by Brian Tomlinson. The research utilized a qualitative descriptive technique through checklist observations of several indicators of book content criteria. The analysis focused on the relevance, coherence, learner engagement, suitability, readability, and creativity of the materials presented in both textbooks. The findings revealed that "English for International Tourism" successfully presented updated, varied, engaging, and challenging content that not only fostered learner engagement in the tourism industry but also aided in developing learners' confidence and relevant language skills. Moreover, this book met various criteria for effective language learning materials, including facilitating learner comfort, building confidence, providing relevant and useful content, and offering opportunities for communicative language use. The book also considered various learning styles, affective attitudes, and provided feedback for delayed positive instructional effects.

Healthcare Students' Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Peers with Autism Spectrum Disorders.

The present study investigates healthcare students' affective, behavioral, and cognitive attitudes toward hypothetical peers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the effect of the ASD label on their attitudes. The MAS scale for ASD persons in the postsecondary education (Matthews et al., 2015) was translated and adapted in Greek according to the guidelines of World Health Organization (2016). Participants (n = 444) were randomly divided into three equal groups and completed their demographic information. Each participant read the three vignettes of the Greek-adapted MAS scale describing a communicative interaction with one hypothetical fellow student with autistic characteristics in three different social situations but in each group, the vignette's character was labeled differently (High-functioning, typical college student, and no-label). Students in the High-functioning group demonstrated more positive affective, behavioral, and cognitive attitudes toward the vignette characters than students in the no-label condition. Furthermore, students in the typical student group reported more rejective behaviors toward the vignette characters than students in the high-functioning group, implying that atypical behavior evokes rejection and stigmatization, while the label did not. Male students presented more positive cognitive attitudes across study groups in comparison to female students, while previous contact with individuals with ASD did not seem to impact significantly attitudes. The findings of the study indicate that knowledge of an ASD diagnosis leads to greater acceptance and have important implications for future research, disability policy makers, and university support services.

Transformasi Pendidikan Agama Islam di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0: Strategi Menghadapi Tantangan Teknologi Digital dan Inovasi

This journal discusses learning strategies and the definition of Islamic religious education, as well as education in the era of revolution 4.0. Learning strategies include choosing appropriate methods for delivering religious material, taking into account teaching principles and student characteristics. Islamic religious education aims to form religious individuals by wisely inviting and developing affective attitudes. The era of revolution 4.0 demands changes in education by integrating 21st century competencies and digital technology. Islamic education also faces challenges such as cultural backwardness, negative stigma, and political dualism, which require solutions in the form of reform and renewal. Teachers in this era need to have various competencies to face changing times, such as comprehensive assessments, 21st century skills, online modules, and authentic and innovative learning. Overall, Islamic education needs to continue to adapt to technological developments and the needs of the times to produce quality human resources ready to face the future.

Acceptability of the Venting Wisely pathway for use in critically ill adults with hypoxaemic respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): a qualitative study protocol

IntroductionHypoxaemic respiratory failure (HRF) affects nearly 15% of critically ill adults admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). An evidence-based, stakeholder-informed multidisciplinary care pathway (Venting Wisely) was created to standardise...

Adoption Intention of Employees Towards AI in Technology

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has led to its increasing adoption by businesses, promising transformative changes across various industries. However, despite its potential benefits, many organizations are still in the early stages of AI adoption, grappling with complexities and uncertainties surrounding its integration into operations. Concerns about the future of work, including issues related to data privacy, human value, biases, and transparency, have accompanied the rise of enterprise AI. Nevertheless, there is also optimism regarding AI's potential to enhance decision-making, stakeholder relationships, and innovation. Top management support plays a crucial role in facilitating AI adoption within organizations, with strong leadership seen as essential to overcoming adoption-related challenges. The technology-organizational-environment (TOE) framework provides a useful lens for understanding the adoption of AI within socioenvironmental and technological contexts. Despite significant progress in understanding AI adoption from an organizational perspective, the perspectives of employees remain relatively understudied. This research aims to address this gap by exploring how employees' cognitive and affective attitudes toward AI influence their behavioral responses during the pre-adoption phase. By utilizing the cognitive appraisal theory, this study seeks to uncover the factors shaping employees' attitudes toward AI and their intentions to use or leave organizations. Understanding these dynamics is essential for promoting a conducive environment for AI adoption and fostering creativity and innovation in the workplace. Additionally, this study utilized a Google Form questionnaire to collect data from employees.

Client and staff perceptions of acceptability of MyCheck: a direct-to-pathology telehealth and e-testing service for comprehensive bloodborne virus and sexually transmissible infection screening.

Background Sydney Sexual Health Centre (SSHC) is the largest sexual health clinic in New South Wales (NSW), servicing clients at high risk of sexually transmissible infections and bloodborne viruses. SSHC piloted a direct-to-pathology pathway that facilitated bloodborne virus/sexually transmissible infection testing at one of the ~500 participating pathology collection centres located across NSW. This qualitative study sought to understand SSHC client and provider perspectives of acceptability of the MyCheck intervention. Methods Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 clients who underwent testing via the MyCheck pathway and eight staff members involved in implementing MyCheck. The seven components of Sekhon's Theoretical Framework of Acceptability informed this analysis. Results Participants broadly conveyed 'affective attitude' toward the MyCheck pathway. The telehealth intervention reduced client 'burden' and 'opportunity cost' through enabling greater testing convenience at a location suitable to them and provided timely results. Issues of 'ethicality' were raised by clients and staff as pathology centre staff were, on a few occasions, regarded as being judgmental of SSHC clients. 'Intervention coherence' issues were largely attributed to pathology centre personnel being unfamiliar with the intervention, with billing issues being a recurrent concern. Participants perceived MyCheck as an 'effective' testing pathway. SSHC staff were able to offer the intervention with ease through seamless IT integration ('self-efficacy'). Conclusion The MyCheck intervention was perceived by both SSHC clients and staff as an acceptable bloodborne virus/sexually transmissible infection testing pathway. However, further work is required to address stigma experienced by some clients when attending pathology collection centres.

Shifting the perception of languages and their status through the use of pedagogical translanguaging as a tool to increase language awareness

ABSTRACT The objective of the study is to explore the possibilities of pedagogical translanguaging as a strategy to develop critical language awareness among a group of primary school students from the Basque Autonomous Community (Spain). The study is part of a broader ethnographically based research project, which was developed over two school years in Basque, Spanish and English language subjects. Participants were 51 primary school students studying through the medium of the minority language Basque in an area where the dominant language in society is Spanish, in addition, these students were learning English as a foreign language. The findings show how students’ critical language awareness is developed when sociolinguistically informed didactic strategies are integrated together with translanguaging pedagogies in the classroom. As a result of translanguaging pedagogies and the sociolinguistic reflection carried out during the intervention, the students built up their awareness of minority languages and affective attitudes towards their own. In turn, the simultaneous use of several languages in the classroom brought to the surface the unbalanced power relation among Basque, Spanish and English. This study’s findings reinforce the need for creating and maintaining spaces for minority languages to breathe within the framework of translanguaging pedagogies.

Predicting COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions to Inform Evidence-Based Messaging for Building Vaccine Confidence Among Rural Americans.

Examine possible message topics to promote rural vaccination using psychosocial antecedents of vaccination. Cross-sectional survey administered by Research America, Inc. West Virginia (WV). 756 WV adults via convenience sample (n = 370; ∼2% response rate from online panel of ∼20 000 WV residents), and random digit dial of landlines (n = 174; ∼1% response rate from 18 432 numbers) and cellphones (n = 212; ∼1% response rate from 20 486 numbers). Outcome measures included self-reported vaccination intention and behavior. Predictor measures, rooted in theories of social and behavioral science that have been found to be predictive of vaccination outcomes (i.e., Reasoned Action Approach, Extended Parallel Process Model), included perceived severity and susceptibility, negative affect, instrumental and affective attitudes, social norms, self-efficacy, response efficacy, and perceived control. Multivariate linear regression for intention and logistic regression for behavior. Intention was positively predicted by affective attitude, β = .30, P < .05, instrumental attitude, β = .19, P < .05, response efficacy, β = .19, P < .05, negative affect, β = .16, P < .05, self-efficacy, β = .13, P < .05, and subjective norm, β = .13, P < .05, F(10, 267) = 30.12, Adj. R2 = .53. Vaccination status was predicted by instrumental attitude, exp(B) = 2.09, and subjective norm, exp(B) = 2.00, Pseudo R2 = .29, log likelihood = 125.11, χ2(10) = 38.34, P < .05. Promising message targets were instrumental attitude, M = 3.21, SD = 1.46, and subjective norms, M = 3.76, SD = 1.71. COVID-19 vaccine confidence messages should address (1) positive feelings and safety perceptions, (2) vaccination's effectiveness in preventing serious COVID-19, and (3) subjective vaccination norms.