Aesthetic Enjoyment Research Articles

Breaking the Spell – A Cosmopolitan Perspective on Starbucks' Fair Trade Commitment in China

Their global, cosmopolitan flair is a driver of many firms’ business success. However, global brands are increasingly expected to take on social responsibilities and to show that they act sustainably along their global supply chains. This comes with the challenge to coordinate aesthetic and moral characteristics effectively, particularly when serving local markets with potentially different perceptions of aesthetic and moral qualities. We develop a cosmopolitan theoretical framework that distinguishes the aesthetic from the moral cosmopolitan dimensions of foreign branded products. We explore the tension between these two using the case of Starbucks in China, a context in which coffee consumption is primarily a sign of aesthetic cosmopolitanism. An experimental study with 198 Chinese Starbucks consumers shows that those who were provided with Starbucks’ information about the brand’s fair trade commitments showed reduced attitudes towards the product they had just purchased. The moral cosmopolitan commitment thus broke the spell of aesthetic cosmopolitan enjoyment. However, providing additional, more detailed third-party information about fair trade can mitigate this negative effect. This is particularly important when consumers are skeptical of fair trade per se. For aesthetic cosmopolitan brands in China, our results suggest working with trusted third parties in communicating moral cosmopolitan commitments.

Participatory Mapping of Cultural Ecosystem Services in Madrid: Insights for Landscape Planning

Cultural ecosystem services are gaining increasing attention in the scientific literature, despite the conceptual and methodological difficulties associated with their assessment. We used a participatory GIS method to map and assess three cultural ecosystem services, namely, (a) outdoor recreation, (b) aesthetic enjoyment, and (c) sense of place, in the Madrid region (Spain). The main goal of the study was to identify cultural ecosystem service hotspots in the region and to explore the relationships among the three ecosystem services mapped. We developed a Maptionnaire online questionnaire asking participants to locate places that they associate with these three ecosystem services and their main reasons for choosing those places on a map. We collected 580 complete questionnaires with 1710 location points (807 for outdoor recreation, 506 for aesthetic enjoyment and 397 for sense of place). We found that the three ecosystem services analysed were spatially correlated, with similar hotspots appearing across the region. Most of the identified hotspots were located in the northern part of the region, which is characterised by mountains and forests. Other hotspots appeared within the city of Madrid, highlighting the importance of urban green areas. Natural protected areas supplied significantly more cultural ecosystem services than non-protected areas. Among CORINE land-use types, forested areas, mountain shrubs and rocky landscapes were more relevant than arable lands for the supply of cultural ecosystem services. Our results highlight the utmost importance of including ecosystem services mapping within land-use planning and policy-making agendas to ensure the conservation of areas supplying cultural services that are critical for societal wellbeing.

Trayectorias personales de lectura: autobiografías lectoras de estudiantes de pedagogía en una universidad chilena

In recent years, studies about teachers’ reading practices have emerged, based on the assumption that future reading mediation is related to their own trajectory in this field. In this context, a qualitative research was developed that analyzes 279 reading autobiographies written by eight generations of Chilean pedagogy students, throughout the last decade. This exploratory and diachronic study worked with the “life stories” technique to collect information about the personal trajectories and forms of reading appropriation. The data was addressed by means of mixed analysis (statistical and of content) that established structural categories and subcategories related to the reading experiences in pre-school, primary, secondary and university education; the moments and places where the reading takes place; the mediators role and the value attributed to literature. The main results highlight the centrality of shared reading, the family members acting as mediators and the limited participation of the school and the library in this task. The reason would lay in the compulsory nature of reading in the school context, taking it away from pleasure and aesthetic enjoyment.

СИМВОЛІКА ТРОЯНД В САДОВО-ПАРКОВОМУ МИСТЕЦТВІ РІЗНИХ ІСТОРИЧНИХ ЕПОХ

СИМВОЛІКА ТРОЯНД В САДОВО-ПАРКОВОМУ МИСТЕЦТВІ РІЗНИХ ІСТОРИЧНИХ ЕПОХ

Rasa Theory Applied to William Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night

The primary purpose of the paper is to study Shakespeare’s plays Twelfth Night (Western literature) through rasa theory i.e. an Eastern literary theory. Rasa etymologically refers to liquid, flavour, taste, elixir, essence, pleasure, beauty. Literary meaning of rasa, as Bharata defines, is that which is relished or enjoyed. He describes rasa as the delight that the readers experience the generalized emotions presented in the dramatic art. Rasa is a study of universal human emotions. “Rasa is the […] study of emotions which deals with the delight, one takes in literature” (Poonam 5). The ultimate goal of rasa theory is to act as a catalyst to enhance aesthetic delight in literature. Rasa as the soul makes the literature alive. “The aim of performance [is] to evoke [sentiment] in the mind of audience” (Keith 314). Dramatic works appeal to human heart. “Rasa theory embraces humanism as a whole. It does not leave out any of the emotions, which could produce rasa. Rasa theory therefore is an all-pervasive humanistic theory” (Fernando 35). Readers appreciate and relish literature that provides aesthetic enjoyment.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE LEGAL REGULATION OF VISUAL ART MARKET IN UKRAINE

The article touches upon basic issues for the legal regulation of visual art market in Ukraine. Nowadays works of visual art are regarded notonly as objects for aesthetic enjoyment but also as commercial assets. Current trading relationships are being influenced by global geographical changes of business, digital transformation and IT development.Attention is drawn to the fact that trading relations in art works should be based on such fundamental principles as equality of parties, autonomy of will, and reasonable transparency of commercial operations. It should also be defined the basic elements of trade dealings in the visual art market. They are parties to the relationships, subject matters, and certain content of rights and duties depending on type and nature of legal privity.The comprehensive analysis of legal capacity and competence has been undertaken in the research. Therefore, market participant should have legal ability to acquire and perform personal rights and obligations connected with art trading. They should be able to be hold responsible for their unlawful actions as well. The creator of visualart work should also have creative capacity to be regarded as author and proper party to the transaction.Besides, it is pointed out the main features of visual art works in case they are subject matter to trading activity. Currently, more and more contemporary art works are appearing on the market, for example, installations and computer generated art works. But commercial turnover accepts artistic results, which are unique, creative and aesthetic enjoyable. So, no art work should be considered as a subject matter to marketplace that does not contain intellectual and creative components. It should not be easily-reproducible too.Also worth noting is that certain content of legal relations in the visual art market consists of two-dimensional authorities. Permitting competence is intended to determinethe limit and procedure of voluntary conduct. Obligatory warranties establishsome restrictions and prohibitions. They are meant to attach the liability for non-performance or improper performance of duties.The article is concluded by saying that theoretical framework of visual art market is an important base for providing the suitable level of legal regulation of art trading relations.

TELEFORMAT OR A TELEVISION PROGRAM?

The article touches upon basic issues for the legal regulation of visual art market in Ukraine. Nowadays works of visual art are regarded not only as objects for aesthetic enjoyment but also as commercial assets. Current trading relationships are being influenced by global geographical changes of business, digital transformation and IT development.Attention is drawn to the fact that trading relations in art works should be based on such fundamental principles as equality of parties, autonomy of will, and reasonable transparency of commercial operations. It should also be defined the basic elements of trade dealings in the visual art market. They are parties to the relationships, subject matters, and certain content of rights and duties depending on type and nature of legal privity.The comprehensive analysis of legal capacity and competence has been undertaken in the research. Therefore, market participant should have legal ability to acquire and perform personal rights and obligations connected with art trading. They should be able to behold responsible for their unlawful actions as well. The creator of visual art work should also have creative capacity to be regarded as author and proper party to the transaction.Besides, it is pointed out the main features of visual art works in case they are subject matter to trading activity. Currently, more and more contemporary art works are appearing on the market, for example, installations and computer generated art works. But commercialturnover accepts artistic results, which are unique, creative and aesthetic enjoyable.So, no art work should be considered as a subject matter to marketplace that does not contain intellectual and creative components. It should not be easily-reproducible too.Also worth noting is that certain content of legal relations in the visual art market consists of two-dimensional authorities. Permitting competence is intended to determine the limit and procedure of voluntary conduct. Obligatory warranties establish some restrictionsand prohibitions. They are meant to attach the liability for non-performance or improper performance of duties.The article is concluded by saying that theoretical framework of visual art market is an important base for providing the suitable level of legal regulation of art trading relations.

Test and Design of Colors and Visual Illusion Based on Changing Spatial Characte

In order to change the dull and rigid atmosphere in some interior spaces, a kind of scheme of aesthetic optical illusion is designed combined the spatial principle, and colors and visual illusion design technology. Which is beneficial to change the spatial character. In this paper, VR technology is used to immerse the space of three times three times three cubic meters of red, orange, yellow, blue, green, purple, white and black, so as to collect the psychological effects of the experimenters, the results showed that 90% of them had the same color psychological induction.The conclusion of colors and visual illusion is verified through the successful application of the practical results in plane, indoor and medical treatment: changing the spatial character can reasonably use the colors and visual illusion design, can have unexpected humanistic interest and aesthetic enjoyment, and meet the aesthetic needs of space. Therefore, it is suggested to set up some colors and visual illusion works of art in the ordinary space to improve the comfort and aesthetic taste of the space.

A Abertura da Obra de Arte: Análise de um Ensaio de Umberto Eco

The aim of this study is to analyze the essay A poetica da obra aberta, present in Umberto Eco’s Obra Aberta. This text is part of the aesthetics of the reception, which takes on the reader's perspective and, as suggested by its designation, considers that it constitutes the guarantee of the historicity of literary works. In this sense, we try to illustrate, through the reconstitution of the arguments of the text allied to the study of reference works, the contributions of the aesthetics of the reception to the reflection on the history of literature. In the first part we explain the concept of and ambiguity of a literary work of art, within which it can refer to a multiplicity of meanings. We then reflect on the relationship between the work and the subject who aesthetically appreciated it, underlining the mechanisms of textual cooperation and the reader's competencies. It was concluded that this essay of Eco establishes a new dialectic between the work and the interpreter, and openness can be defined as the condition of all aesthetic enjoyment, configuring multiple interpretive possibilities.

Identification and Monitoring of Degraded Real Estate in the Context of Urban Environmental Analysis and Development Planning in the City of Riga

Nowadays real estate plays an important role in the life of a person: it is one of the important elements of the quality of life (dwelling, workplace), as well as of public spaces, especially the outdoor space, i.e., the elements that make up the image of the city and the aesthetic enjoyment of the city. The topical issue under consideration is directly related to the physically deteriorated real estate that falls into the category of degraded or even dangerous buildings and structures. The article aims at investigating the problems of identifying, assessing and monitoring the degraded real estate in the context of urban development. The topicality of degraded objects is also observed in the main national and municipal development planning documents. The quality of real estate is assessed by different institutions according to the specificity and necessity of their activity, for example, planning and monitoring of territory development, application of real estate tax, as well as determination of the value of real estate. However, according to the research conducted within the article, information on real estate is not always up to date, available or linked between different holders of information sources. Different institutions evaluate the same thing at different levels of detail, but there is currently no fast, efficient and accurate exchange of information. This can be explained by disorganised administrative and legal issues, as well as the inefficiency of mutual communication.

Continuous ratings of movie watching reveal idiosyncratic dynamics of aesthetic enjoyment.

Visual aesthetic experiences unfold over time, yet most of our understanding of such experiences comes from experiments using static visual stimuli and measuring static responses. Here, we investigated the temporal dynamics of subjective aesthetic experience using temporally extended stimuli (movie clips) in combination with continuous behavioral ratings. Two groups of participants, a rate group (n = 25) and a view group (n = 25), watched 30-second video clips of landscapes and dance performances in test and retest blocks. The rate group reported continuous ratings while watching the videos, with an overall aesthetic judgment at the end of each video, in both test and retest blocks. The view group, however, passively watched the videos in the test block, reporting only an overall aesthetic judgment at the end of each clip. In the retest block, the view group reported both continuous and overall judgments. When comparing the two groups, we found that the task of making continuous ratings did not influence overall ratings or agreement across participants. In addition, the degree of temporal variation in continuous ratings over time differed substantially by observer (from slower “integrators” to “fast responders”), but less so by video. Reliability of continuous ratings across repeated exposures was in general high, but also showed notable variance across participants. Together, these results show that temporally extended stimuli produce aesthetic experiences that are not the same from person to person, and that continuous behavioral ratings provide a reliable window into the temporal dynamics of such aesthetic experiences while not materially altering the experiences themselves.

Environmental Aesthetics in the Age of Climate Change

As climate change alters the environment, people’s associations with and appreciations of the environment change too. Environmental aesthetics, an area of knowledge informed by philosophy and ethics, offers an important vantage point on human wellbeing in the age of climate change. Contributors to the literature have attempted to imagine how changing environmental conditions might change aesthetic encounters with nature. Some have contemplated the prospect of aesthetic enjoyment becoming tainted by knowledge of the societal forces and human folly that have damaged nature. One strain of argument rests on the view that aesthetic value in nature is an inherent property of the natural entity itself, and thus independent of moral considerations and other interests, which are viewed as external. The irrelevance of moral consideration to estimations of aesthetic value is the crux of the “autonomist” understanding of environmental aesthetics. From this perspective, condemnation of peoples’ enjoyment of climate-altered nature is beside the point, since moral concerns have no bearing on the intrinsic, aesthetic qualities of the observed entity. This paper argues that the autonomist perspective is challenged in a world of increasingly pervasive and negative encounters with climate-altered nature. Expectations for more frequent, widespread, and severe impacts from climate change suggest a rethinking of salient questions bearing on aesthetic experience. This article raises the prospect of pleasurable aesthetic experiences becoming increasingly rare in a climate-changed world and the prospect of moral pressures becoming more immediate and personal. Also challenged is the thesis that people will ably adjust to climate change and thereby secure aesthetic comfort.

As obras do artista Hélio Oiticica no espelho da fenomenologia da percepção

Esta pesquisa propõe um estudo fundado na investigação dos processos de leitura e da fruição estética das obras do artista Hélio Oiticica (1937-1980), expostas no Instituto Inhotim, a partir da perspectiva da Fenomenologia da Percepção de Merleau-Ponty, afirmando que podem ser complementares, permitindo a construção de um diálogo entre a produção do artista Oiticica e a Fenomenologia da Percepção, na perspectiva desse filósofo. Questões como o sujeito fenomenal, a filosofia, a relação corpo-espaço- -tempo, a estesia do corpo, entre outros estudos, podem produzir investigações quanto à arte e sua capacidade de produzir uma diferenciação estética no interior do mundo indiviso, permitindo revelar intersecções de sentido entre a percepção e a fruição na arte, a partir das obras de Oiticica e como se inserem no cenário museológico do Instituto Inhotim, museu que apresenta grande potencial nesse sentido.

Aesthetic empowerment through music

This article describes how aesthetic enjoyment accompanying musical activities can empower individuals in health and disease. First, we explain the biological determinants of music enjoyment and how they can be studied. In doing so, we distinguish between core sensory pleasure and conscious liking, and we illustrate their respective contributions to aesthetic appreciation and expressive interaction with music. Second, we review findings illustrating the long-term impact of listening to favourite music on the brains of healthy musicians as well as on the brains and behaviour of individuals with pathological symptoms. Based on these findings, we propose a set of putative neural mechanisms underlying aesthetic empowerment through music. We also emphasize the importance of considering individual differences in sensitivity to aesthetic experiences of music, as evidenced, for instance, by neuroimaging and imaging genetics studies, drawing the connections between dopamine neurotransmission and dopaminergic genes with the reactivity of music–brain functions.

The transformation of the cultural landscape of Latvian rehabilitation gardens and parks

The research on the impact of the healing power of the natural base on the human health in Latvia has begun in the 15th century. For several centuries to the present day, it has been proved that the exposure link between the natural contribution during rehabilitation of the patient and the duration of the recovery of the patient only in the inside of the in-patient care health facility makes a dramatic difference. The patient’s visual linking with the landscape space creates positive emotions that have a healing effect, demonstrating positive changes in the equalization of the blood circulation, cholesterol, and psycho-emotional level in the body. Most gardens and parks provide aesthetic enjoyment but the rehabilitative sensory and therapy gardens are designed to functionally stimulate the human senses (vision, touch, smell, taste, and hearing). The rehabilitation garden or the park is a place that promotes physical, mental health, and well-being, and it should be designed near medical institutions where the moments of psycho-emotional feelings of the patient and his relatives are the most delicate.

The Design of Newborn Baby Clothes in Integrated Packages

The designer always strives to reach a source of inspiration that is compatible with the product to be designed creatively and has the potential to stimulate design ideas, and the field of designing clothes for children of different ages with special features suited to design with the stage of the age, including the functional needs and psychological needs of the child working on psychological recovery. The child starts from the moment of his birth with a different visual and auditory sense. He receives symbolically the data of life and the environment since his first touch of the mother begins to interact and learn day after day, so the designer starts with the child since his birth in the search for him with the symbols of life visually with a simple colors and simplified shapes and symbols that take the growth and complexity And clarity with the child length of growth to become fully developed and the senses that allow the introduction of knowledge and sense visually, psychologically and psychologically. The neonatal stage for clothes is one of the most important stages in which a child needs a sense of design and awareness of the needs of the child, the mother and the family. Clothing for the newborn does not mean the child, but it means a lot for the mother and the family. Which leads us to present a vision for a design group for a newborn child through a study of experimental design. Research problem : There is a limited vision of scientific design for the clothes of a newborn child with modern design innovations to enrich the design of children's clothing at this stage, which leads us to put this study experimental design by providing practical design results for a newborn child that opens the way for enriching stage clothes, and clarity of vision in a material and practical way. research goals : - The aim of this research is to present a scientific vision for the clothes of a newborn child with modern innovations that enrich the field of designing newborn clothes. - Provide a functional and functional design package for the newborn child to increase the marketing effectiveness and meet the needs of the child with increasing value aesthetic design for the mother and the family aesthetic enjoyment of these clothes for a newborn child. Methodology: The research follows the following method: descriptive analytical approach, experimental design. Results: - The research presented a scientific system for the design of newborn clothes, which enriches the field of design of children and sets a proposed vision for design in this area for children's clothing. - The study presented a design group for newborn baby clothes (9), which were carried out to prove the validity of the design plan. A survey was also conducted with wholesale and retail clothing dealers to confirm the validity of products for marketing. In terms of quality, innovation and suitable designs for the age stage, and the quality of the selected materials and adapt them to the aspirations of the target group, in a manner that encourages quantitative production and validates the search. Recommendations: The research recommends further studies and design production of this important stage for newborns through scientific systems and contemporary innovations, where the diversity of production of clothing of this stage

El archivo inasible: Hacia una nueva conceptualización del archivo sonoro de la industria discográfica antioqueña

This article presents a theoretical approach derived from a research project focused at a historical reconstruction of the record production in Medellín’s discographic industry during the 1960s. Drawing from Diana Taylor’s concept of archive and repertoire, the author coins a new concept, the “inapprehensible archive,” which might be useful to analyze cultural practices of listening and of aesthetic enjoyment built around activities of collecting artifacts of massive cultural production. By defining a new concept, the article proposes a theoretical model that aims to contribute to study other similar cases, as well as to make explicit some principles that would guide the development of a line of research that explores in depth the historical evolution of the city’s sound archive.

A good sound in the right place: Exploring the effects of auditory-visual combinations on aesthetic preference

Although research on the effect of soundscape on preference has been growing rapidly in recent years, a detailed understanding of the aesthetic quality of interactions between key characteristics of the visual landscape and soundscape is poorly known. In order to explore the effects of auditory-visual combinations on aesthetic preference we conducted an experiment involving eight videos of urban green spaces in Xuzhou, eastern China were merged with five natural sounds (birdsongs of single and multiple species, wind sounds, a frog croak and running water sounds). The aesthetic preferences of these combined sounds and videos, as well as silent videos were evaluated by 379 college students using a seven-point Likert scale. The results suggested that: (1) generally speaking, birdsongs of a single or multiple species, wind sounds and running water sounds enhanced aesthetic enjoyment, while a frog croak decreased it; (2) introducing birdsongs and wind sounds to a place with diverse types of vegetation, and introducing running water sounds to a landscape possessing undulating topography and few aquatic plants were the effective ways to increase the effect of soundscape on aesthetic quality; (3) in general, if the visual association of a soundscape was congruent with the existing visual landscape, the combination was more likely to improving the aesthetic experience. These results provide valuable guidance and reference for urban planners, managers and landscape architects.

Using social-context matching to improve spatial function-transfer performance for cultural ecosystem service models

Recreational and aesthetic enjoyment of public lands is increasing across a wide range of activities, highlighting the need to assess and adapt management to accommodate these uses. Despite a growing number of studies on mapping cultural ecosystem services, most are local-scale assessments that rely on costly and time-consuming primary data collection. As a result, the availability of spatial information on non-market values associated with cultural ecosystem services (social values) remains limited. Spatial function transfer, if it could be justified for social-value models, would expedite the development of social-value information and promote its more regular inclusion in ecosystem service assessments. We used survey data from six national forests in Colorado and Wyoming to explore the potential for transferring cultural ecosystem service models between forests and specifically to test the hypothesis that transfer performance increases with social-context similarity between transferring and receiving areas. Results confirm this relationship but fall just short of being able to predict with certainty when transferred models will meet the minimum performance criterion needed for defensible use by managers. Our results suggest that with the right combination of indicators spatial function transfer can become a defensible means of generating social-value information when primary data collection is not feasible.

Community Perceptions of Ecosystem Services and the Management of Mt. Marsabit Forest in Northern Kenya

Identifying and characterizing ecosystem services (ES) has been shown to have an important role in sustainable natural resource management. However, understanding communities’ perspectives is critical in determining opportunities and constraints for ES management in multi-use landscapes. To do so, a study was conducted around Mt. Marsabit forest, a multiuse landscape in Kenya. Using stratification, participants from 11 administrative locations adjacent to the forest were selected. A total of 265 households were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. The study analyzed local communities’ perceptions of ES derived from the forest and their involvement in its management. Respondents identified trees, forage, water, fallback land cultivation, aesthetic enjoyment, and shade as key services derived from the forest. However, overexploitation of forest resources has led to degradation. Degradation and insecurity were perceived as the major threats to the ecosystem. The local communities were minimally involved in developing governance structures or management of this forest. Family size, education level, and age were important predictors of level of involvement in management. Lack of involvement in the forest management may have largely contributed to the unsustainable extraction of resources by local communities. We suggest that meaningful engagement of communities in the management of this forest will be critical to its sustainability.