Aesthetic Changes Research Articles

The Orientation in Space of the Maxillary Arch: New and Old Devices in the Prosthetic Digital Workflow.

In extensive prosthetic rehabilitations and in those involving the anterior area, a correct 3D spatial position is of fundamental importance for effective communication between the clinician and the dental technician. The aim of this article is to analyze the different methods used to position in space and/or in an articulator the maxillary arch in analog workflows highlighting shortcomings and difficulties in order to understand how to overcome them when employing digital workflows. Traditional mechanical devices, such as anatomical, kinematic, esthetic and postural facebows, have clear indications, but also limitations, especially in cases of skeletal asymmetries. Modern digital tools, including photography, CBCT, facial scanners and jaw recording devices, are here critically analyzed to illustrate the advantages of working in a virtual space. The adoption of digital tools in the prosthetic workflow represents a significant improvement compared to traditional techniques, as it reduces errors and artifacts of registration and transfer of the position of the maxillary arch in the articulator space. This contributes to more predictable esthetic and functional results, with a positive impact for clinicians and technicians, improving clinical-laboratory communication, operational efficiency and overall quality of work. The integration of digital tools into prosthetic workflows represents an important advancement in clinical practice since they reduce human error and facilitate communication between the clinician and the laboratory. When carrying out rehabilitations involving changes in esthetics or occlusal plane orientation, the proper and accurate positioning of the upper arch in space is particularly relevant.

To “write as a woman who has forgotten that she is a woman”: Virginia Woolf’s embodied feminine aesthetics in A Room of One’s Own

ABSTRACT Virginia Woolf's exploration of feminine aesthetics in A Room of One’s Own (1929) involves understanding the role of the female body and embodied cognitive processes. I argue that Woolf’s aesthetic moments are activated and shaped by the body’s embodied cognitive processing, which reveals nonconscious feelings of sexual difference. Through embodied cognitive aesthetics, Woolf creates spaces that reveal nonconscious feminine moments of being. Far from a universal feminine ideal, A Room offers methods for examining aesthetics through embodiment, which means the aesthetics change based upon the body having the experience; furthermore, through somatic and kinesthetic imagination, those experiences may be (partially) shared with other bodies. The link between movement and imagination allows writers to express embodied image schemas, which can be experienced by the reader as well. Through embodied cognitive aesthetics, Woolf bypasses linear thinking, repairs mind/body division, and recuperates feminine sexual differences, facilitating the expression and sharing of diverse experiences.

Nasal Tip Reshaping in Orthognathic Surgery: A Novel Intraoral Minimally Invasive Approach.

Current concepts in orthognathic surgery focus on not just rectifying dentoskeletal irregularities but also improving facial aesthetic and function. In this respect, nasal reshaping holds extraordinary significance in determining surgery effectiveness and patient satisfaction. Facial preoperative evaluations emphasize the paramount functional and aesthetic impacts of caudal septum in tip reshaping. Deviations in this anatomical subunit could lead to significant nasal obstructions and aesthetic changes as twisted nasal tip, affecting projection, rotation, and columellar-alar relationship. These considerations are essential in orthofacial surgery, as maxillary movements might exacerbate or worsen preexisting nasal tip deformity. In this paper, we aim to describe a novel and innovative minimally invasive approach presenting a detailed account of a rhinoseptoplasty in which the entire nasal tip reshaping procedure was performed intraorally during orthognathic surgery. The technique focused on achieving optimal nasal tip projection and rotation, centering, and stabilization through strategic maneuvers such as incremental dissection of maxillary spine chondroperiosteal junction, superoposterior strut preservation, vertical and caudal septum resection, and anterior nasal spine tip support. Techniques including subnasal drilling and septal stabilization suture are detailed. Specific attention is given to addressing deficiencies in posterior septal angle and labiocolumellar relationship. Postoperative care is described and subjective evaluations were performed to assess patient and surgeon satisfaction with facial symmetry and overall aesthetic improvements. In our experience, the described approach offers valuable surgical finesse to orthognathic surgery, effectively targeting caudal septum deviations and nasal tip droopy. Its unique perspective enhances both functional and aesthetic results, particularly in the context of profiloplasty. No external nasal incision was performed and the totality of nasal tip reshaping was scarless and performed through an intraoral approach. Surgical precision in execution of this novel and tailored surgical approach has been shown to have a profound impact for enhancing outcomes of orthofacial surgery procedure.

Reducing unnecessary outpatient group and screen testing at a regional cancer center.

Unnecessary group and screens (G&S) can lead to unnecessary antibody investigations, use of technologist time, and laboratory resources. A baseline audit at our institution identified that 25% of G&S from the cancer center were unnecessary. We aimed to reduce the ratio of monthly G&S to CBC samples processed from the cancer center by 10% (from 0.034 to 0.031) by January 2024. This represents an interrupted time series design from November 2022 to January 2024. Using Plan Do Study Act (PDSA) cycles, we aimed to increase the use of an existing reflex testing system, termed "do not test." When this option is selected, the blood bank will only process the G&S sample if specific CBC criteria are met (e.g., hemoglobin <9.0 g/dL). Educational sessions increased awareness of this feature and sought feedback from end-users on its usability. With feedback, the design was updated to include a modifiable hemoglobin threshold for G&S testing, automatic re-selection of the "do not test" feature for future G&S orders, and aesthetic changes to make the feature more visible. The percentage of samples with "do not test" selected increased from 7.2% to 63.0% (p < .0001) and the ratio of G&S to CBC specimens improved from 0.034 to 0.028, exceeding the target of 0.031. We noted an improvement in the appropriateness of G&S orders from 75% at baseline (n = 20) to 97.5% (n = 80) post intervention (p = .003). We describe an effective strategy to improve G&S utilization at our institution's cancer center using a reflex testing system.

Assessing the Efficacy of Submental Liposuction Association in Orthognathic Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Despite the vast literature on submental liposuction, there are few studies describing its simultaneous association in orthognathic surgery. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the available evidence on the effectiveness of the combination between the 2 techniques. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist and used a comprehensive literature search across 7 databases. All studies discussing submental liposuction in orthognathic surgery were eligible for inclusion, regardless of language. The Joanna Briggs Institute assessment tools were used to assess risk of bias. After a 2-step selection process, a total of 10 studies were included, including 2 cohort studies, 1 case-control study, 1 case series, and 6 case reports. Sixty-seven patients from 5 countries were evaluated. Ages ranged from 15.1 to 50 years. The prevalence according to the facial pattern was similar, with a higher incidence in women. The major indications for surgery were related to the presence of skeletal deformities and aesthetic changes in the cervical region. The forms of evaluation used to indicate surgery were photographs (n = 29; 43.28%), visual scale by 2 surgeons (n = 20; 29.85%), clinical examination (n = 23; 34.32%), and cephalometric analysis (n = 17; 25.37%). The postoperative follow-up time ranged from 6 months to 7.9 years. Despite the different forms of evaluation, all articles mentioned benefits with the association of submental liposuction in orthognathic surgery. The most cited complications were sensory changes in the lower lip (n = 4; 5.97), facial nerve injury (n = 2; 2.98%), infection (n = 2; 2.98%), maintenance of submental lipomatosis (n = 2; 2.98%), and skin irregularities (n = 2; 2.98%). This systematic review showed that submental liposuction associated with orthognathic surgery improves cervical aesthetics and that it is safe, with a low rate of complications. However, the number of studies on this topic is limited, and the studies are not standardized. There is lack of information especially regarding the evaluation methods used. Metric techniques such as ultrasound and tissue caliper adipometry could be possibilities for future studies.

Analysing the Landscape Aesthetics in the Urban Context of the Kingdom of Bahrain

Urban development in the Kingdom of Bahrain has been a rapid phenomenon. To overcome the urban challengesand progress in an effective manner, the Kingdom of Bahrain has undertaken several measures for sustainabledevelopment. Landscape aesthetics plays a vital role in achieving urban sustainability and affects human perceptionand behavior in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The residents of the Kingdom of Bahrain have predominantly enjoyed beachfronts due to its geographical location. However, recent urbanisation has resulted in the development of designelements that are not associated with the sea. This research aims to analyse the change in landscape aesthetics dueto urbanisation and the impact of social and cultural factors on it. The methodology adopted in this research includessite visits, documentation, and surveys. The study contributes to understanding the changing landscape aestheticsin the Kingdom of Bahrain. It analyses the effect of social and cultural factors on the changing landscape aestheticsin the Kingdom.

Exploring the mechanism of Liang Xue Wu Hua Tang in the treatment of rosacea via network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Rosacea is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory skin disease affecting the center of the face that causes burning and itching sensations and changes in aesthetics. Liang Xue Wu Hua Tang (LXWHT) is a classic herbal formulation that is efficacious and has been widely used in the clinical treatment of rosacea; however, the pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of action of LXWHT using network pharmacology and molecular docking. The Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology database was searched to identify the active ingredients and pharmacological targets of LXWHT, and the GeneCard, Disgenet, and Gene Expression Omnibus databases were applied to screen rosacea-related targets. Cytoscape software was used to visualize the protein-protein interaction network, and network topology analysis was used to identify core targets. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed for the core targets. Molecular docking simulations and visualization were performed using Maestro and PyMOL, respectively. A total of 43 active compounds and 28 potential targets for LXWHT treatment of rosacea were selected for analysis. The Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes results indicated that LXWHT may exert therapeutic effects on rosacea by intervening in immune pathways including tumor necrosis factor pathway, interleukin-17 pathways, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Chemokine ligand 2, interferon-γ, interleukin-1ß, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, and matrix metallopeptidase 9 may be the core therapeutic target. Quercetin, stigmasterol, kaempferol, beta-sitosterol, luteolin, beta-carotene, baicalein, acetin, and isorhamnetin were predicted to be the key active ingredients. LXWHT may exert therapeutic effects in the treatment of rosacea by modulating immunity and angiogenesis, laying the foundation for further research.

Neck Aging and Rejuvenation: A Balanced Approach to Assessment and Treatment

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe neck is typically the earliest and most visible site of aging‐related esthetic changes; it is an area about which patients frequently express esthetic concerns and seek approaches to rejuvenation. This narrative review examines the current understanding of age‐related structural and cellular changes in the neck and skin, treatment approaches to neck rejuvenation, specifically noninvasive and minimally invasive approaches including skincare, and key patient factors to consider.MethodsA literature search of relevant publications was performed. Experience‐based recommendations for clinical assessment and treatment approach are provided to complement the current literature.ResultsNeck aging results from a combination of intrinsic factors, such as genetic background, and extrinsic factors, primarily ultraviolet light exposure. Positive treatment outcomes begin with thorough patient assessment, including neck aging status, patient‐specific intrinsic and extrinsic factors, and evaluation of skin type, which may help predict positive (e.g., skin tightening) and negative (e.g., dyspigmentation) dermal responses to specific procedures. In addition to skincare, a range of noninvasive, directed‐energy techniques (e.g., chromophore‐based lasers, ablative lasers, intense pulsed light, microfocused ultrasound, cryolipolysis, laser‐assisted lipolysis, and radiofrequency irradiation) and minimally invasive techniques (e.g., neurotoxins, microneedling, and fillers) are currently used for neck rejuvenation. A comprehensive approach to assessment and treatment contributes toward improved patient outcomes.ConclusionsThe neck aging process develops over time, and a prejuvenation strategy, including effective skincare, should be considered. The development of comprehensive noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques geared toward the neck and face as a single entity should provide better outcomes and fulfillment of patient esthetic goals for this critical area.

Evaluation of social appearance concerns and satisfaction after orthognathic surgery

The main aim of orthognathic surgery is to provide a good occlusion and masticatory function and to achieve positive changes in facial aesthetics. The aim of this study was to determine the reasons behind patients' acceptance of orthognathic surgery and their expectations from this treatment, to assess whether their expectations were met, the change in their self-confidence and their satisfaction, and finally, to use the results obtained to inform future surgical procedures to increase patient satisfaction. The study was designed as a cross-sectional observational study and included 73 people treated with orthognathic surgery (surgery group) and 42 people with minimal crowding who did not require treatment (control group). The study found that the primary reason for requesting orthognathic surgery was to improve facial appearance and that patients had high expectations in this regard. Using the Social Appearance Anxiety Questionnaire and the Expectation and Satisfaction Questionnaire, 73.97 % of patients in our study said the treatment met their expectations and 90.41 % said they were satisfied with the overall results of the surgery. The study also highlighted the importance of surgeon-patient communication and the satisfaction of the patient's environment with the final result in determining patient satisfaction. In conclusion, since patients' high expectations of orthognathic surgery influence treatment success and patient satisfaction, it is important to know and manage patients' expectations before treatment and to have good patient-surgeon communication to increase patient satisfaction after surgery.

JEWELRY DESIGN: A PERSPECTIVE ON SOCIAL AND AESTHETIC CHANGES IN THE USSR AND EASTERN EUROPE IN THE 20-21st CENTURY

The study explores the significant impact of adornments in shaping clothing identity, highlighting contemporary jewelry as a distinct manifestation of individual taste in an ever-changing society. Analyzing social changes in the USSR, Ukraine, Bessarabia and Eastern Europe, as well as the disintegration of the USSR, the research reveals the interaction between communist aesthetics and traditionalism, generating innovations in jewelry design. Technological evolution has brought significant changes and the study emphasizes the importance of researching preferences and analyzing contemporary trends in understanding current design directions in jewelry today. The findings reveal that jewelry from the USSR and Europe in the 20th-21st century reflects temporal changes and cultural diversity, marking a continuing transformation and diversity in the artistic expression of contemporary jewelry.

Perceptions of an acceptance-based weight management treatment among adults living in rural areas.

Obesity and obesity-related comorbidities disproportionately affect rural communities. Research has emerged in support of a novel acceptance-based behavioural weight management treatment (ABT) that integrates the principles and procedures of acceptance-commitment therapy (ACT) with traditional components of standard behavioural treatment (SBT). The current study assessed the perceptions of community stakeholders in rural areas to session materials of a commercially available ABT program. Surveys and focus groups were used to solicit feedback from three former interventionists with experience delivering SBTs in rural counties and from 17 former participants in these programs. Qualitative responses encompassed four overarching themes: (1) recommendations to support participant engagement, (2) comments about preferences for specific ABT and SBT strategies, (3) concerns about specific aspects of treatment delivery, and (4) requests for aesthetic changes to session materials to enhance clarity and engagement. Overall, participants viewed ABT materials and concepts favourably but believed it would be important to begin the intervention with rapport building and training in traditional SBT strategies prior to delving into ACT strategies. Future studies should investigate the efficacy of ABT for weight loss in adults with obesity living in rural communities and continue to solicit feedback from rural community stakeholders.

Actinic Reticuloid: A Literature Review of a Case

Actinic reticuloid is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that primarily affects elderly individuals and is associated with chronic sun exposure. It is characterized by the presence of papules, plaques, and fine lines that form a reticular pattern on sun-exposed areas, such as the face, neck, and extremities. Histologically, lichenification and dermal alterations are observed, suggesting a chronic response to sun exposure. Actinic reticuloid is often diagnosed clinically, but confirmation may require a skin biopsy. Managing this condition involves measures to protect the skin from the sun, such as the use of sunscreens and protective clothing. Topical and systemic treatments, such as corticosteroids and ultraviolet light therapy, may also be beneficial in some cases. Although the actinic reticuloid is not malignant, its chronic course and the aesthetic changes it produces can have a significant impact on patients' quality of life. Therefore, it is important for doctors to properly recognize and manage this condition in order to provide effective relief to affected patients.

Changes in smile parameters after surgical-orthodontic treatment for skeletal Class III malocclusion

Background/purposeMany patients pursue attractive smiles, and surgical-orthodontic treatment is a common method. We aimed to analyze the changes in smile parameters after surgical-orthodontic treatment in patients with skeletal Class III pattern and identify factors influencing postoperative outcomes. Materials and methodsThis retrospective study comprised 34 patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and pure mandible prognathism who received surgical-orthodontic treatment. Hard and soft tissue parameters were assessed through lateral cephalometry, and smile esthetics were evaluated through extraoral photography. Postoperative changes in smile parameters and between-parameter correlations were analyzed. Random forest and decision tree deep learning models were used to identify factors influencing postoperative changes. ResultsSubstantial postoperative changes were observed in the buccal corridor, upper lip height, and smile index. Significant between-sex differences were noted in the upper midline and right chelion. Strong, positive correlations were found between upper lip height and upper lip ratio and between lower lip height and lower lip ratio. By contrast, strong negative correlations were observed between lower teeth exposure and smile index and between interlabial gap and smile index. The highest degrees of postoperative changes were noted in asymmetry-associated smile parameters: lower lip area, interlabial gap, smile index, buccal corridor, and arc ratio. ConclusionConsiderable changes were noted in skeletal, dental, and soft tissue parameters after surgical-orthodontic treatment. However, the changes in smile esthetics were less prominent from the frontal view. As for chin asymmetry, the most to least prominent changes were in the lower lip area, interlabial gap, smile index, buccal corridor, and arc ratio, respectively.

The spiritual essence of Chinese seascape art

The article "The Spiritual Essence of Chinese Seascape Art" explores the evolution and specifics of seascape in Chinese painting, in the context of the spiritual and cultural life of China. The genre of seascape in Chinese art began to form relatively late, at the end of the 20th century, and became significant for modern landscape painting. The article pays special attention to the rarity of the depiction of the sea and ocean in traditional Chinese painting, due to philosophical and aesthetic grounds. The changes in the perception of the sea element are analyzed, which reflect the fundamental transformations in the thinking of Chinese society. The research covers the historical period from the end of the XX century to the beginning of the XXI century, revealing the contribution of individual authors and the influence of Western art on the development of the genre. The presented analysis demonstrates how, through the study of marine painting, a unique combination of traditional Chinese and Western aesthetics is revealed, forming a new artistic language and approach to the perception of nature and the sea element. The article uses an integrated approach, including historical and comparative analysis, stylistic interpretation, to explore the evolution of the seascape in Chinese painting and its spiritual and philosophical and aesthetic content. The article explores the spiritual essence of Chinese seascape art, describing its development as a late phenomenon in comparison with Western art and as an important element in modern Chinese painting. Special attention is paid to rethinking traditional artistic methods and approaches to depicting the sea, considering it as evidence of fundamental changes in the spiritual life of Chinese society. The article discusses how the seascape reflects philosophical and aesthetic changes, especially in the last third of the 20th and early 21st centuries. The authors analyze the works of Chinese artists seeking to find unique artistic languages by integrating traditional and Western elements. The novelty of the research lies in a deep analysis of the impact of socio-cultural changes on the formation and development of the seascape in Chinese painting, which allows for a better understanding of the uniqueness and dynamics of this genre in the context of global artistic and cultural trends.

Digital Economy and Baumol’s Cost Disease of Performing Arts: An Empirical Research in China

In the past decade, the Chinese government’s financial subsidies for performing arts troupes accounted for an average of 50.57% of their total income. By the end of 2021, China has 18,370 performing arts troupes and 3,093 performing arts venues. The research conclusions of this paper include the following four points: (1) Digital live-streaming theater(DLT) is an “innovation” for traditional Stage Theater(ST) performance, and its changes in creation mechanism, audience-actors relationship, technical esthetics and business model are worthy of further study. (2) Data from 2011 to 2021 show that Baumol’s cost disease also exists in Chinese performing arts. (3) The Chinese government has been reducing its direct management and control of arts troupes, trying to move toward “arm’s length” governance. (4) During the COVID-19 epidemic, performance case data from China show that DLT can indeed reduce the marginal cost, attract more young audiences, and increase performance revenue. However, considering the high technical cost input, whether digital technology can alleviate the cost disease of performing arts still needs more annual industry data analysis.

Prepubic urethral transposition, with prostatic urethral anastomosis to penile urethra, after severe membrane urethral injury in dog - case report

Rupture of the membranous urethra caused by automobile trauma in dogs, accounting for only 5% of genitourinary tract injuries. The higher prevalence in male dogs is noteworthy due to pelvic anatomy and locomotion habits. Clinical signs include edema, anuria, hematuria, pain, and uroperitoneum, requiring an emergency approach. Diagnosis is usually based on history and imaging tests such as ultrasonography and urethrocystography. Treatment varies based on the location of the injury, with surgical intervention being crucial in complete tears. Prepubic urethral transposition with terminal anastomosis from the prostatic urethra to the penile urethra, although little used in veterinary medicine, presents benefits in male dogs, providing a new urinary path without significant aesthetic changes. The case report presents the successful application of this technique in a canine patient with rupture of the membranous urethra due to automobile trauma, aiming to establish an efficient urinary flow without complications and without compromising genital aesthetics.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FRACTIONATED CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) LASER IN THE TREATMENT OF RED STREAKS AND STREAK STREAKS

The research developed consisted of analyzing the effectiveness of fractional CO2 laser in the treatment of stretch marks. Among the main aesthetic changes in the body, this one is like stars. The stretch mark is an atrophic aesthetic lesion, caused by ahuge stretch and a consequent rupture of the collagen and elastin fibers, responsible for theelasticity of the skin. They affect a large portion of the population, being more frequent inadolescent and pregnant women, although it can also present in obese people, patients withhormonal imbalances, users of medications and patients with a genetic history. The treatmentsfor stretch marks vary according to the stage of evolution of the stretch and the phototype ofthe patient's skin. Among the most sought after is the fractional CO2 laser, its practiceconsists of promoting tissue damage through thermal damage and vaporization of cells,leading to the stimulation of neocolagenesis, with the main target being the water present inthe tissues. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using fractional CO2laser in the treatment of red and white streaks, identifying its benefits, describing itsmechanism of action and analyzing the results obtained by the scientific literature. To thisend, a bibliographic search was carried out in the main databases, a virtual health library(bvs); online electronic scientific library (scielo), academic Google and lilacs. Therefore,concluding that fractional CO2 laser is effective for the treatment of stretch marks, however,attention is needed with the patient's phototype due to complications that may occur, such aspost-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, persistent hyperpigmentation, scarring, burns andKoebner syndrome.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FRACTIONATED CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) LASER IN THE TREATMENT OF RED STREAKS AND STREAK STREAKS

The research developed consisted of analyzing the effectiveness of fractional CO2 laser in the treatment of stretch marks. Among the main aesthetic changes in the body, this one is like stars. The stretch mark is an atrophic aesthetic lesion, caused by ahuge stretch and a consequent rupture of the collagen and elastin fibers, responsible for theelasticity of the skin. They affect a large portion of the population, being more frequent inadolescent and pregnant women, although it can also present in obese people, patients withhormonal imbalances, users of medications and patients with a genetic history. The treatmentsfor stretch marks vary according to the stage of evolution of the stretch and the phototype ofthe patient's skin. Among the most sought after is the fractional CO2 laser, its practiceconsists of promoting tissue damage through thermal damage and vaporization of cells,leading to the stimulation of neocolagenesis, with the main target being the water present inthe tissues. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using fractional CO2laser in the treatment of red and white streaks, identifying its benefits, describing itsmechanism of action and analyzing the results obtained by the scientific literature. To thisend, a bibliographic search was carried out in the main databases, a virtual health library(bvs); online electronic scientific library (scielo), academic Google and lilacs. Therefore,concluding that fractional CO2 laser is effective for the treatment of stretch marks, however,attention is needed with the patient's phototype due to complications that may occur, such aspost-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, persistent hyperpigmentation, scarring, burns andKoebner syndrome.

A Comprehensive Review on the Impact of Climate Change on Fruit Yield and Quality in Modern Horticultural Practices

This review provides an exhaustive analysis of the impact of climate change on fruit yield and quality, with a specific focus on India's horticultural sector. It synthesizes current research findings, identifies gaps, and suggests future directions to understand and mitigate the effects of climate change on key fruit crops. Climate change, characterized by rising temperatures, erratic rainfall, and extreme weather events, poses significant challenges to fruit production. These challenges under three main sections: the direct and indirect effects of climate change on fruit yield, the influence of climate change on fruit quality, and the adaptations in modern horticultural practices. The direct effects include alterations in flowering and fruiting cycles and changes in pollination dynamics. Indirect effects comprise changes in soil quality and nutrient availability, along with water availability and irrigation challenges. These factors collectively lead to variations in fruit yield across different regions and crops. The review also discusses the impact of climate change on the nutritional content of fruits, such as changes in sugar, acid, vitamin levels, and secondary metabolites that affect flavour and health benefits. Physical and aesthetic changes, including modifications in size, color, texture, and shelf life, are also examined, highlighting their implications for marketability and consumer preference. Adaptation strategies in response to these challenges are crucial. Delves into breeding and genetic modification efforts aimed at developing climate-resilient fruit varieties and discusses the role of biotechnology in these adaptations. It also covers changes in agronomic practices, such as adjustments in planting dates and crop rotation, alongside water management and conservation techniques. The adoption of technological innovations like precision agriculture, monitoring systems, and controlled environment agriculture (CEA) is evaluated for their potential to enhance resilience in fruit production.

Comparison of 2 Fillers for Lip Injection—A Randomized-Controlled Clinical Trial Assessed by 3D Imaging

Abstract Background Lip aging is a concern for many, and hyaluronic acid (HA) injections are a popular solution. Objectives This study compared 2 different HA gel technologies (OBT and NASHA) for lip augmentation in 20 volunteers. Methods Both groups received treatment from the same injector using the same method. Lip volume was measured with a 3D stereophotogrammetry device before, immediately after, and 30 days posttreatment. Patient satisfaction and adverse events were assessed through FACE-Q scales analysis. Results The NASHA group showed an immediate volume increase (P = .01), which decreased after 30 days. The OBT group did not show a significant immediate growth (P = .535) but did exhibit a significant increase after 30 days (P = .014). After 30 days, there were no significant volume differences between the groups (P = .802 and P = .999). FACE-Q analysis revealed no significant differences among groups after 30 days. Conclusions This study highlights that less cohesive gels may modify faster in dynamic lip areas, emphasizing the importance of selecting products based on their physicochemical and rheological properties. In the context of lip augmentation with HA, it is important not to consider immediate aesthetic changes as definitive results, as volume changes may persist and develop over time after the treatment. Level of Evidence: 2