Aeromonas Research Articles

Bacterial Load of Trout Farm Waters in Connection with the Carrier Estate of the Fish for Zoonotic Microbes

The health of fish raised on farms mainly depends on water quality, including the level of oxygen, its contamination with chemical or biological pollutants but also on nutrition, raising technology and management techniques. This research aimed to investigate the bacterial pollution extent of waters and fish in terms of species with zoonotic potential on a commercial trout farm. The smaller number of bacterial species isolated from fish tha from culture waters, indicated an increased pathogenicity of certain species for the corresponding species of trout. The rainbow trout seemed to be more sensitive to an increased number of pathogenic bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, Aeromonas salmonicida, Ochrobacterium anthropi). There was an increased degree of pollution with zoonotic bacteria in culture waters for both rainbow and eastern brook trout, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, Acinetobacter baumanni/calcoaceticus, Ochrobacterium anthropi, Pasteurella pneumotropica, Chrysoabacterium indoligenes, Photobacterium damselae. The isolated bacteria from both waters and fish on the farm represented a potential risk for workers and other contact categories of people.

EVALUATION OF MICROBIOLOGICAL LOAD AND CONFIGURATION OF RAW MILK FROM COLLECTING CENTERS IN CLUJ COUNTY

Abstract: This study had as aim the evaluation of the microbial load and configuration of raw milk from different collecting centers. The research material was represented by 24 raw milk samples collected in December 2007 – may 2008 period, from a milk processing in Cluj county. The aerobic mesophillic load of raw milk presented different values, being comprised between 4.24±0.0.12 log ufc/ml and 7.39±0.0.45 log ufc/ml, 38.75% from the total number of milk samples crossing the limit of 6.0 log ufc/ml (10 6 ufc/ml). Regarding the psychrotrophic bacterial load it was noticed that this varried, being situated between 4.65±0.16 log ufc/ml and 7.59±0.45 log ufc/ml. The microbial configuration of raw milk destined to processing in the unit taken into study, was represented by ferms from the following genus: Staphylococcus , Micrococcus , Lactobacillus , Neisseria , Aeromonas, Acinetobacter , Moraxella , Pseudomonas , Yersinia , Serratia, Hafnia, Proteus and Escherichia. Following data analysis, we found that the flora of refrigerated raw milk is dominated by psychrotrophic germs (63.8%), from which a great part is represented by bacteria from genus Pseudomonas.

Use of Chitosan to Prevent Aeromonas hydrophila Infection on Catfish Clarias sp.

<p>Immunostimulation effect of chitosan against motile aeromonas septicemia caused by <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> were examined in catfish (<em>Clarias </em>sp<em>.</em>). Experimental fish were injected with 2, 4 and 6 μg/g fish of chitosan. All fish were subsequently challenged by 10<sup>5</sup> CFU/ml of live <em>A. hydrophila</em> by injection method. Negative control injected with PBS and positive control injected with only <em>A. hydrophila</em> were included in the experiment. Results showed that total count of eritrocyte, leucocyte, level of hematocrite, haemoglobin and phagocytic index higher at fish injected with chitosan previously compared with control as well as lymphocyte, neutrophile, monocyte, and trombocyte. Either survival rate or growth of fish injected with chitosan were found to increase in accordance with dose of chitosan.</p> <p>Kata Kunci : chitosan,<em> Aeromonas hydrophila</em>, immunostimulant, <em>Clarias </em>sp.</p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Efek imunostimulasi dari kitosan melawan <em>Motile Aeromonad Septicemia </em>yang disebabkan oleh <em>A. hydrophila</em> dilihat pada ikan lele (<em>Clarias</em> sp.). Ikan uji disuntik dengan larutan kitosan dengan dosis 2, 4 and 6 μg/g, yang selanjutnya diuji tantang dengan bakteri <em>A. hydrophila</em> 10<sup>5</sup> CFU/ml melalui penyuntikan intramuskular. Kontrol negative disuntik dengan PBS dan control positif disuntik hanya dengan bakteri <em>A. hydrophila</em> disertakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa jumlah eritrosit, lekosit, level hematokrit, hemoglobin dan indeks fagositik lebih tinggi pada ikan-ikan yang diberi kitosan sebelumnya dibandingkan dengan tanpa pemberian kitosan sebelumnya. Begitu pula dengan kadar limfosit, netrofil, monosit dan trombosit. Sintasan dan pertumbuhan ikan yang diberi kitosan meningkat sejalan dengan dosis kitosan yang diberikan.</p> <p>Kata kunci: kitosan,<em> </em><em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>, immunostimulan, <em>Clarias </em>sp.</p>

Aeromonas Salmonicida Peritonitis after Eating Fish in a Patient Undergoing CAPD

Aeromonas Salmonicida Peritonitis after Eating Fish in a Patient Undergoing CAPD

Potential of Chromolaena odorata Leaf as A Cure of Aeromonas hydrophila on Giant Gouramy (Osphronemus gouramy)

<p>This study was conducted to examine the potency of <em>Chromolaena odorata</em> leaf extract as a medicine for skin eruption disease caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in giant gouramy <em>Osphronemus gouramy</em>. Leaf extract of Chromolaena odorata for in vitro test was 0 (as control), 13000, 15000, 17000, 19000 and 21000 ppm, poured onto TSA medium containing bacteria 103 cfu/ml, and then is incubated for 24 hours. In vivo test was performed by injecting bacteria 0.1 ml of 10<sup>9</sup> cfu/ml intramuscularly into giant gouramy (14 g weight), and then fish were maintained in the water containing 15000 ppm of Chromolaena odorata leaf extract. In vitro study showed that prevention area of leaf extract against Aeromonas hydrophila was increase by increasing the concentration of leaf extract used, reached 9,33 mm. Prevention zone of leaf extract by difusion tends to constant, reached 7,6 mm. By in vivo test, survival rate of giant gouramy infected by <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> was no significantly different between dosages of leaf extract. All treated fish, excluded control died after 24 hours infection.</p> <p>Keywords: <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>, <em>Osphronemus gouramy</em>, <em>Chromolaena odorata</em></p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi daun kirinyuh <em>Chromolaena odorata</em> sebagai obat untuk penyakit cacar yang diakibatkan oleh <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> pada ikan gurame <em>Osphronemus gouramy</em>. Konsentrasi ekstrak daun <em>Chromolaena odorata</em> untuk uji <em>in vitro</em> adalah 13000, 15000, 17000, 19000 dan 21000 serta 0 ppm sebagai kontrol, yang diletakkan di atas media TSA yang telah mengandung biakan bakteri 103 cfu/ml dan diinkubasi selama 24 jam. Uji <em>in vivo</em> dilakukan dengan menginjeksikan bakteri sebanyak 0,1 ml (10<sup>9</sup> cfu/ml) secara intramuskular ke ikan gurame (berat 14 g) dan kemudian ikan dipelihara dalam air yang mengandung ekstrak daun kirinyuh 15000 ppm. Hasil uji <em>in virto</em> menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak daun kirinyuh basah semakin efektif dalam menghambat perkembangan <em>A. hydrophila</em> dengan zona hambat tertinggi mencapai 9,33 mm. Zona hambat yang dihasilkan melalui metode difusi cenderung konstan, mencapai 7,6 mm. Melalui uji <em>in vivo</em>, tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan gurame yang tidak berbeda nyata pada masing-masing perlakuan, bahkan terjadi kematian total dalam 24 jam pada semua perlakuan, kecuali kontrol.</p> <p>Kata kunci: <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>, <em>Osphronemus gouramy</em>, <em>Chromolaena odorata</em></p>

R2152 Detection of class I integrons of Aeromonas ssp. strains isolated from diarrhogenic disease

R2152 Detection of class I integrons of Aeromonas ssp. strains isolated from diarrhogenic disease

Bacteriological water quality of Elechi creek in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

The bacteriological quality of Elechi creek was investigated during a seven-month sampling period. Samples were collected from seven stations grouped into zones A, B and C. The study revealed uniformity in the range of temperatures (which ranged from 28° to 32°C) in all the stations of the zones. The pH values obtained for all the stations ranged from 6.5 to 7.7 and were within the acceptable ranges for brackish water such as the study area. The BOD values for stations of zone B ranged from 3.92 to 8.80mg l-1 while those of zones A and C ranged from 2.07 to 3.86 mgl -1 and 1.43 to 3.46 mgl -1 respectively. The reverse was the case for DO values, which were lower in stations of zones B than those of zones A and C. The results for oil and grease values for all the stations of the zones showed a range of 0.09 to 1.22 ppm which were far lower than the permissible limit for industrial effluent samples. The minimal values suggested absence of petroleum activities in the area. The results of the bacterial counts for the Elechi creek showed that total aerobic heterotrophic bacteria ranged from 0.12 x 10 6 to 2.81 x 10 6 cfuml -1 , total coliform bacteria ranged from 0.06 x 105 to 2.00 x 105 cfuml -1 and hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria ranged from 2.0 x 10 2 to 10.0 x 10 2 cfuml -1 . The bacterial genera isolated from the Elechi creek included Aeromonas, Bacillus, Citrobacter, Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Flavobacterium, Klebsiella, Micrococcus, Proteus, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus , and Vibrio species. Of the organisms isolated only Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas and Flavobacterium species occurred in all the stations of the zones while the others occurred in one or more stations and not in others station. The varying mean counts of bacteria and the occurrence of bacterial species the creek, brought to consideration, the possible influence and sources of contamination around each zone. The observed high coliform counts and the presence of Escherichia coli was sufficient to suspect the contamination of the water body with pathogenic bacteria; hence the water is of low quality and should not be used for human consumption. The low counts of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria confirmed absence of a possible source of contamination of the creek by crude oil and its products. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Vol. 9(1) 2005: 79-84

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF GEDEBONG BERRIES (Piper aduncum L.)

The distillation of dry powder of gedebong berries (Piper aduncum L.) resulted approximately 1.55% colorless essential oil. GC-MS analyses detected 63 components which consisted of 5.74 % monoterpene, 2.84 % monoterpene alcohol, 14.61 % sesquiterpene alcohol, 56.28 % phenyl propenoid and the other minor components about 20.35 %. Although the minor components were known as antibacterial agents, the overall essential oil did not show their activities againts pathogenic bacteria i.e. Klebseilla sp., Aeromonas hydrophilla, Pseudomonas pseudomalai, Pseudomonas aurogenusa, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhosa dan Streptococcus aureus. Keyword : Piper aduncum L., essential oil, antibacterial agent

Purification and Characterization of Creatinase by Recombinant Escherichia coli

A recombinant Escherichia coli containing a gene from Pseudomonas putida NTU- 8 for producing creatinase and a signal peptide from Aeromonas hydrophila for transporting the enzyme into the periplasmic space was incubated in LB medium by employing IPTG as an inducer. The cell growth and creatinase production were optimized at the induction time of 1.75h by adding 100 mg/L of IPTG in a batch fermentor. By employing a series of separation steps such as centrifugation, cell breakage, ultrafiltration and FPLC purification, 76.3% of enzyme recovery with 2-fold enhancement of the specific creatinase activity from the broth was obtained. By using SDS-PAGE and IEF electrophoresis, the molecular weight of 48.8 kDa and pI of 4.52 for the enzyme was estimated. The maximum activity for the crude and purified creatinases was at 37℃ and pH around 7.7 Good enzyme thermal stability below 37℃ at pH 7.7 or at the pH between 5.5 and 9.4 at 37℃ was found. Inhibition or both enzymes by Ni2+,Cu2+, Ag+ and Hg2+ ions and good substrate specificity toward creatine were also reported.

The Processing of High-Molecular-Weight Xylanase (XynE, 110 kDa) from Aeromonas caviae ME-1 to 60-kDa Xylanase (XynE60) in Escherichia coli and Purification and Characterization of XynE60.

The Processing of High-Molecular-Weight Xylanase (XynE, 110 kDa) from Aeromonas caviae ME-1 to 60-kDa Xylanase (XynE60) in Escherichia coli and Purification and Characterization of XynE60.

Diarrhoeagenic bacterial pathogens in HIV-positive patients with diarrhoea in rural communities of Limpopo Province, South Africa.

Potential enteric bacterial pathogens in 60 HIV-positive patients with chronic diarrhoea in rural communities of the Limpopo Province, South Africa, were identified using standard microbiological methods. The Kirby-Bauer disk-diffusion method was employed to determine antibiograms of isolated bacteria. Results revealed that diarrhoeagenic bacterial agents were isolated from 48 (80%) of the 60 HIV-positive patients with diarrhoea. Forty-four (73.3%) and 16 (26.7%) of the 60 patients were female and male respectively in the age range of 17-55 years with a mean of 34 years. Bacterial pathogens isolated comprised Campylobacter species (20.0%), Plesiomonas shigelloides (16.6%), Aeromonas species (13.3%), and Escherichia coli, Shigella and Salmonella species (10.0% each). No attempts were made to isolate parasites, fungi, or viruses. Antibiotic susceptibility profiles revealed resistance of the isolates to ampicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and streptomycin. However, all (100%) of P. shigelloides and Salmonella species were sensitive to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. Most isolates were susceptible to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin, indicating the usefulness of these drugs, although antibiograms may not always correlate with clinical usefulness.

Production of heat-labile enterotoxin by strains of Aeromonas veronii bv veronii.

Three isolates of Aeromonas veronii bv veronii (2 environmental, one blood infection) were examined to see if they produce any enterotoxin and, if so, to determine its characteristics. Two isolates caused fluid accumulation in the initial rabbit ileal loop tests. The other strain did so after a single passage through the rabbit ileal loop. All the isolates showed gradual enhancement of fluid secretion after each subsequent passage. Inocula of 1 x 10(4) viable cells and 0.25 mL of culture filtrate caused fluid accumulation comparable to those of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae 569B. The enterotoxic activity was inactivated at higher temperature, and showed biological activity over a wide range of pH. The only histopathological change observed was depletion of mucous from goblet cells. The findings of the study indicate that strains of A. veronii bv veronii produce a heat-labile, pH-stable diarrhoeagenic factor without causing any damage to the intestinal mucosa.

Characteristics and virulence of Aeromonas hydrophyla isolates from freshwater fish with epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS)

Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophyla , antibiotic sensitivity, epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS), ulcerated fish, virulance DOI: 10.4038/jnsfsr.v28i1.2933 J. Natn. Sci. Foundation Sri Lanka 2000 28(1): 29-42

ISOLAMENTOS DE BACTÉRIAS E VÍRUS EM PEIXES DE ÁGUAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE SANTA MARIA E ARREDORES

Bactérias e vírus de peixes de águas do município de Santa Maria e arredores foram isolados, sendo comparados com os descritos na literatura como agentes etiológicos das doenças infecto-contagiosas dos peixes. Foram examinados 160 peixes, coletados nas quatro estações do ano, em rios, açudes e tanques de piscicultura Estes peixes pertenciam à populações aparentemente sadias. Para os exames bacteriológicos foram coletadas amostras diretamente dos rins e de lesões externas e internas quando presentes, num total de 232. Os exames destas amostras resultaram no isolamento e identificação de 21 diferentes gêneros de bactérias. Das bactérias isoladas, 11 são relatadas como patogênicas para os peixes, sendo estas Aeromonas hydrophila, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Edwardsiella tarda. Flavobacterium spp., Pseudomonas spp., Vibrio spp., Pasteurella spp., Micrococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp., Acinetobacter spp., e Streptococcus spp. . Para os exames virológicos foram usadas amostras de fígado, baço, gônadas e outros órgãos que mostrassem alterações macroscópicas, num total de 255. Estes materiais foram passados frente à linha celular Epitelioma Papiloso de Carpa (EPC) e dois materiais apresentaram efeito citopatogênico. A sétima passagem destes materiais em cultivo celular foi preparada para microscopia eletrônica, sendo evidenciadas partículas virais. Estas partículas estavam localizadas no citoplasma das células e mediam aproximadamente 50nm de diâmetro.

Aeromonas hydrophila-associated colitis in a male homosexual

Aeromonas hydrophila-associated colitis in a male homosexual

Protoplast Transformation in Coryneform Bacteria and Introduction of an α-Amylase Gene from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens into Brevibacterium lactofermentum

[This corrects the article on p. 655 in vol. 51.].

The differing effect of proteases on the adhesins of Aeromonas hydrophila

Caracterisation des adhesines de A.h. par etude de l'effet de proteinases sur la capacite d'hemagglutination des souches selectionnees

Gas-forming Aeromonas hydrophila infection in a diabetic.

Gas-forming Aeromonas hydrophila infection in a diabetic.