Newspaper Advertisements Research Articles

Recruitment for a multi‐site randomized controlled trial of aerobic exercise for older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment: The EXERT trial

AbstractBackgroundEXERT is a large multi‐site randomized controlled trial testing the effects of aerobic exercise vs. stretching (control) on cognition and biomarkers of brain health in sedentary adults with MCI. Here, we describe challenges and successes of strategies used to recruit the EXERT cohort.MethodEXERT recruited sedentary adults 65‐89 years old who were willing to exercise 4 days/week at the YMCA with trainer supervision for 12 months, and unsupervised for an additional 6 months. The trial is conducted at 14 clinical sites that include 30 corresponding YMCAs. The ADCS serves as the Coordinating Center, and intervention oversight is provided by Wake Forest School of Medicine in partnership with the YMCA.ResultEXERT recruitment occurred over 43 months and several strategies were deployed to address recruitment challenges. The most notable challenge was that EXERT aimed to recruit adults with a cognitive impairment that is mentally/physically taxing given the expectations of an intensive exercise intervention study. For these individuals, transportation to the YMCA was also often a barrier to participation. Early recruitment methods relied on memory clinic patient rosters and electronic health records, which yielded only a few enrollments. Use of other common strategies (e.g., newspaper advertising) was only minimally successful in identifying candidates. Recruitment gained momentum only after geotargeted mailings of pictorial postcards and brochures were initiated. After the first mailing at 3 sites, the rate of in‐person screenings increased by more than 100% (Figure 1). In total, 500,000 geotargeted mailings across all sites were sent from which more than 50% of all randomized participants were recruited. Recruitment also benefited from high‐profile media coverage (Maria Shriver video, NPR) in 2018 and 2019. Early in 2019, the ADCS established centralized telephone prescreening to reduce burden on site staff. A total of 692 mailing responders were prescreened by the ADCS, of whom 228 were referred to sites. As of January 2020, 984 study candidates completed in‐person screening and 278 participants were enrolled into EXERT.ConclusionAge and geotargeted mass mailings combined with centralized telephone prescreening and national media campaigns proved to be effective strategies for enrolling people with MCI in a long‐term exercise trial.

Marketing the Blue and Gray: Newspaper Advertising and the American Civil War

Marketing the Blue and Gray: Newspaper Advertising and the American Civil War

Psychosocial determinants of colorectal Cancer screening uptake among African-American men: understanding the role of masculine role norms, medical mistrust, and normative support

ABSTRACT Objectives Despite having the highest colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality across all major racial/ethnic groups, African-American men consistently have poor CRC screening rates. Gendered and racialized beliefs and norms have been associated with African-American men’s lower medical assistance-seeking rates, but how these notions influence African-American men’s CRC screening practices merits further investigation. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of psychosocial determinants of men’s health on CRC screening uptake among African-American men in three states. Design Participants were recruited via CuttingCRC.com and through culturally-tailored flyers, newspaper ads, and snowball sampling, among other methods. From April 2019-August 2019, 11 focus groups were conducted with English-speaking Black/African-American men who (a) were between ages 45-75, (b) were born in the United States, (c) had a working telephone, and (d) lived in Minnesota, Ohio, or Utah. Multiple-cycle coding, Hatch’s 9-step approach, and constant comparative data analysis was employed for de-identified transcript data. Results Eighty-four African-American men met inclusion criteria and participated. Their mean age was 59.34 ± 7.43. In regards to CRC screening status, Ohio had the most previously screened participants (85%), followed by Minnesota (84%) and Utah (76%). Two major CRC screening barriers (masculine role norms and medical mistrust) – both encompassed 3–5 subthemes, and one major facilitator (normative support from family members or social networks) emerged. Conclusions Despite CRC screening’s life-saving potential, African-American men have had the lowest 5-year relative survival for more than 40 years. When developing interventions and health promotion programs aiming to eliminate the racial disparity in CRC outcomes, addressing both masculine role norms and medical mistrust barriers to CRC screening completion among African-American men is warranted.

Determinants of intention to return to donate blood among first-time blood donors in Ghana.

This study seeks to identify factors that are predictive of intention to return to donate blood among first-time blood donors. A cross-sectional survey of 505 first-time blood donors, selected from blood donation sessions across three regions in Ghana. Data were obtained on their intention to donate blood in the next four months, factors that would influence this decision. Logistic regression models were used to test factors that were predictive of intention to return. First-time donors were young with 87·4% below 35years of age, male (72·5%), single (73·3%), Christian (93·7%), employed (58·8%), with at least a basic education (98%). Factors that positively predicted intention to return included: motivational incentives (OR=1·67, 95%CI: 1·01-2·78; P=0·045); ease of access to the donation site (OR=2·65, 95%CI: 1·48-4·73; P=0·001); SMS and email reminders (OR=2·84, 95%CI: 1·60-5·06; P<0·001); and television, radio or newspaper advertisements (OR=2·97, 95%CI: 1·66-5·31; P<0·001). Factors that negatively predicted intention included preferential access to transfusions (i.e. 'blood credits') (OR=0·43, 95%CI: 0·23-0·83; P=0·012); getting to know test results (OR=0·40, 95%CI: 0·20-0·80; P=0·010); and not knowing and/or trusting what happens to the blood after donating (OR=0·50, 95%CI: 0·28-0·88; P=0·016). Motivational incentives, convenient access to donation sessions, reminders and mass media advertisements appear to positively influence intention to return to donate. Conversely not knowing what happens to the blood after donation negatively influenced intention to return. Interventions to promote repeat blood donation should consider the identified factors.

ADVERGAME NEDİR VE NE DEĞİLDİR? ADVERGAME’İ ANLAMAK İÇİN DAVRANIŞSAL TEORİLERİN YENİDEN ÖZETLENMESİ

Owing to the latest technological advancements, alternative ads based on digital technology have been increasing exponentially compared to traditional ads such as TV and newspaper ads. Advergaming utilizing online video games was recently becoming popular as a new form of advertisement. Although the marketing and communication industries make more use of advergaming every day and despite being a growing marketing platform, there is a lack of research in the marketing literature that examines the underpinning behavioural theories for advergaming implications. Accordingly, this article aims to identify fundamental consumer behaviour theories such as Social Cognitive Theory, Limited Capacity Model, Elaboration Likelihood Model etc. to understand whether advergames can positively influence players toward a particular brand. This study suggests that eight major theories from the consumer behaviour field are relevant to elaborate players' behaviour in advergames as well as providing a holistic understanding of this new media.

Families and Households in Colonial New England and the Chesapeake

Historians have concluded that the household was one of the most important forms of authority during colonial America. To further examine the household structure, this paper is divided into two sections. The first section compares New England colonies to the Chesapeake region to examine the development of the household structure. The second section examines the experiences of children, both free and indentured, and their contribution to a stronger household government. By utilizing quantitative and qualitative primary sources such as data, sermons, letters, newspaper advertisements, and legal codes this paper analyses the development of a strong household institution between the seventeenth century and the eighteenth century.

‘The Evil of the Age’: The New York Times and the Politicisation of Abortion, 1871

ABSTRACTIn August 1871, the New York Times published the findings of an undercover investigation undertaken by one of its reporters into the abortionists who operated in the city. This coincided with the discovery of the body of Alice Bowlsby in a travelling trunk at a railroad depot, who had died as a result of surgical abortion. For the New York Times, abortion was a great ‘evil of the age’ that flourished due to its hidden nature and public indifference towards it. Its pervasiveness was aided by newspaper advertising – particularly in the New York Herald – alongside legislation that failed to prevent untrained physicians from risking women's lives. This paper uses the undercover investigation to historicise the early American anti‐abortion movement. Rather than agitate for foetal rights or personhood as later twentieth‐century anti‐abortion activists would, this article argues that the New York Times politicised the practice through its sustained campaign by connecting abortion with a range of social concerns. This included the role of women in society, the nature of class distinctions and the advancement of medical professionalisation. Further, this article revises our understanding of the close relationship between the press and abortion in nineteenth‐century America.

‘The hardness of the times and the dearness of all the necessaries of life’: class and consumption in bilingual nineteenth-century newspapers

ABSTRACT Although the nineteenth-century black press has functioned as a useful resource in understanding the political organizations and associations created by southern Africa’s educated elite, rarely is it used to think about this elite’s consumption patterns. Consumption is often assumed to be a frivolous activity unworthy of consideration in the historiography of the kholwa (the converted Africans). Yet, the language and tone of the bilingual newspapers, created and edited by this kholwa elite, suggest a different relationship between social status and the Christian lifestyles introduced by religious conversion. Although these newspaper men continued to exemplify the sobriety, modesty and industriousness preached to them, they also escaped missionary edicts through luxurious sartorial and consumption choices. Christianity and consumption jostled for space on newspaper pages, constituting what may be termed a grammar of consumption and advertising that involved the translation and transplantation of foreign objects into an indigenous idiom. The interpellation of these newspaper readers through the language of consumption challenges assumptions about the supposedly precarious position of the African bourgeoisie. This article considers the kholwa as consumers – both of secular and religious items – and argues for a more nuanced reading of advertisements in the bilingual newspapers of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

Digital Commemorations of Slave Revolt

Abstract This article presents, troubles, and ultimately seeks to answer two simple questions: What does the digitization of slave resistance look like, and can it serve as a virtual memorial commemorating historic events where markers are lacking in geographic places, such as locations where slave revolts occurred? In four main parts, this article presents an example of digital commemoration of slave resistance in a now defunct online list of shipboard rebellions; it then contrasts this digital resource to material monuments to slave revolt leaders and to diverse types of museum displays (as at the International Museum of Slavery at Liverpool); the next section profiles online resources about slave revolt, including Vincent Brown’s animated map of slave insurrections in Jamaica and repositories, archives, and databases of newspaper advertisements for runaways, arguing that these resources can sometimes be understood not merely as educational tools but also as digital commemorations of slave revolt. Finally, engaging with theory on monuments, memory, and history, this piece explains why digital commemorations existing in virtual space might productively acknowledge our discomfort with the existent archive and the insurmountable gaps in our knowledge of history.

Surfacing black and brown bodies in the digital archive: domestic workers in late nineteenth-century Australia

This paper examines the potential for the digital turn, particularly the extensive and ongoing digitisation of nineteenth-century newspapers, to enable scholars to rethink the experiences of individuals previously marginalised and hard to find in historical sources. The rapid digital turn in historical research has prompted scholars to argue for conversations in which to consider the implications of digital technologies in historical research practices. Yet in historical geography, though scholars work with and make digital data in a multitude of ways, there has been little formal reflection on the concerns, challenges or methodological opportunities presented by the formation of digital archives. To do so this paper takes as its focus ‘coloured’ workers employed in forms of domestic service at the end of the nineteenth century in Australia. Firstly, by resurfacing ‘coloured’ workers through their presence in newspaper advertisements the paper illustrates that digital methodologies enable the identification of individuals missed through previous forms of data analysis. Secondly, the paper seeks to illustrate how their reappearance can frame a rethinking of domestic labour and colonial identities, gender roles and the ethnic complexities of ‘coloured’ labour in the British Empire. The paper argues that though newspaper advertisements for employment are brief and impersonal, and their meanings, as mediated through form and time, are at times hard to decipher, gathering them together into a new archive supports a more complex reading of diversity across national, regional, local and imperial geographies.

Tradition–Technology Wedlock: The Paradoxical Modernisation of Matrimony

The advent of online matrimony ushered in a new era of matchmaking in the wake of globalisation. This paper aims to examine the impact of globalisation on Hindu–Bengali matrimony. The study attempts to find out the impact of online matrimony on marriages in Kolkata. On the basis of personal interviews and content analysis of advertisements in newspapers and online matrimonial websites, the study shows the impact of globalisation on the institution of marriage. The paper argues that globalisation has not made potential changes in the process of selection of prospective brides and grooms. The newspapers and online portals function as the twin matchmakers in contemporary Kolkata, with little difference from the way traditional matchmakers used to work. The paper examines the fate and impact of technology when introduced in deeply entrenched traditional social institutions. The increase in the pool of selection of mates has reinforced patriarchal ties with globalisation adjusting itself in a tradition-bound society, putting tradition and technology in a curious and cumbersome paradox.

Health impact of an intervention sport-competition-based in elderly: the “In-Common sport” project

Abstract Background The health benefits of a regular physical activity (PA) in older people are well known but the majority of older people in Europe do not meet the recommended levels to maintain health. How to promote a regular PA in elderly is a responsibility and a challenge for Local Authorities. “IN COMMON SPORTS-Intergenerational Competition As Motivation For Sport And Healthy Lifestyle Of Senior Citizens” is a three year Erasmus+ Sport project which promotes active lifestyle in senior citizens bringing them closer to sport activities. The project involved five countries: Portugal, Italy, Spain, Bulgaria and Hungary. The aim of the study is to present one-year follow-up data of the Italian sample. Methods Quasi-experimental study with 121 participants over 60-aged recruited in Cesena (Italy) through newspaper advertising. The experimental group (EG) attended twice a week structured training sessions for two years. Sessions included aerobic activity of moderate intensity and muscle-strengthening activities interspersed with aerobic activity of vigorous intensity. The training was the basis for the preparation in a competition that took place in each country. The control group (CG) received the advice to practice regular PA. Upper limb muscle strength (Handgrip Test) was measured as primary outcome. Results One year follow-up analysis were conducted on 76 participants, 52 in EG and 24 in CG (mean age: 71±6.7) using ANOVA and ANCOVA to test the effects of the intervention. The EG significantly improved upper limb muscle strength (1.9±2.8) vs CG significantly worsened (-1.9±3.5). After adjusted for unbalanced variables, the comparison between groups showed a significant effect of intervention on handgrip test (p value=0,012). Conclusions ”IN COMMON SPORTS” project has significantly improved handgrip strength in Italian participants. This test has shown to be a proxy of decline in cognition, mobility, functional status and mortality in older community-dwelling populations. Key messages IN COMMON SPORTS promotes active lifestyle in senior citizens bringing them closer to sport activities. The project has proven to be effective in improving handgrip strength.

A Genre Analysis of Bhutanese Newspaper Advertisement

A Genre Analysis of Bhutanese Newspaper Advertisement

SONS E QUIZILAS: ENSAIOS SOBRE AFRICANOS E DIÁSPORAS NO RIO DE JANEIRO ATLÂNTICO, C. XIX

This article analyzes the Atlantic demography of African slavery and ethnomusicology in the diaspora. Based on travelers' reports, sources about Africans on ships, newspaper advertisements for runaways, iconographies, images of material culture, we analyzed the making of the African diaspora in the city of Rio de Janeiro in the 19th century.

Levels of and determinants for physical activity and physical inactivity in a group of healthy elderly people in Germany: Baseline results of the MOVING-study.

Low levels of physical activity (PA) and high levels of physical inactivity (PI) are associated with higher mortality and cardiovascular diseases. Higher age is associated with a decrease of PA, only 2.4-29% of ≥60 year-olds achieve the PA times recommended by WHO. The aim of this study was to identify levels of and determinants for moderate PA, overall PA and PI in a sample of individuals aged ≥65 years. We analyzed baseline data from an intervention-study aiming to increase PA and decrease PI by automatically generated feedback letters to objectively measured PA and PI. Recruitment was multimodal including re-contacting participants of previous studies and advertisements in regional public buses and newspapers. At baseline, participants wore an accelerometer over a period of 7 consecutive days. PA was categorized using cut-points suggested by Freedsoon 1998 in light, moderate and vigorous physical intensity as well as physical inactivity. Potential determinants (self-efficacy, education) were measured by questionnaires or in a physical examination (BMI). Multiple linear regression models were fitted to identify determinants for PA and PI. N = 199 persons (mean age 71.0 years (SD 4.9), 59.3% female) participated in the study. The weekly amount of overall PA for men was on average 1,821 minutes (SD 479.1), for women on average 1,929 minutes (SD 448.8). 79.7% of the women and 72.8% of the men achieved the WHO recommendation of 30 minutes moderate PA/day at baseline. The time of PI during the observation time period of 7 days was on average 4,057 minutes in men and 3,973 minutes in women. In males, age was found to be a significant negative determinant for overall PA (p = 0.002) and for moderate PA (p<0.001). Higher education was positively associated with higher levels of overall PA (p = 0.013) and moderate PA (p = 0.06) in men. BMI was a significant negative determinant for overall PA both in men (p = 0.039) and women (p = 0.032) as well as for moderate PA for women (p = 0.009). Only in women, not in men, self-efficacy was to be a significant positive determinant for overall PA (p = 0.020) as well as negatively associated with PI (p = 0.006). The participants of our study showed high levels of PA. This is likely due to selection bias in this convenience sample. However, also levels of PI are very high and those correspond with average levels in the German population. The determinants for higher PA and lower PI differed between males and females. Thus, strategies for improving PA and decrease PI are likely different with respect to sex and should take individual factors (e.g. age, BMI) into account. DRKS00010410 Date: 17 May 2017.

P137 Evaluation of Social Marketing Campaign to Improve Fruit and Vegetable Intake in SNAP-Ed Eligible Adult Georgians, 2017-2019

<h3>Background</h3> Social marketing (SM) has the potential to deliver nutrition education messages targeted to low-income individuals, but limited evidence is available on its feasibility in SNAP-Ed programs. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine the process and impact of the Partnership for a Healthier America's FNV campaign to promote fruit and vegetable consumption in SNAP-Ed eligible adults in Georgia during the 3 consecutive summers in 2017-2019. <h3>Study Design, Setting, Participants</h3> Process evaluation was conducted throughout the campaign using commercial administrative data reporting tools. After each year's FNV campaign, outcome and impact evaluation implemented the same self-administered post-intervention survey using 3 modalities (ie, online, intercept, and direct mail surveys) while employing a non-randomized control study design (2017-2018) or one-group posttest-only design (2019). During the 3-year campaign, 1,904 Georgians (mean age 49.3 ± 16.6, 77.9% female, 62.6% minority, 82.6% from intervention counties) from 7 intervention and 3 control counties participated in the survey. <h3>Intervention</h3> Each year's FNV campaign used a mix of billboards, radio ads, newspaper ads, food retail ads, and Facebook available in the selected SNAP-Ed eligible zip code areas to saturate FNV messages while partnering with local stakeholders including County Extension Agents. <h3>Outcome Measures/Analysis</h3> Process evaluation estimated program reach, impressions, dosage, and engagement. Outcome and impact evaluation assessed participants' awareness and intention to change due to campaign exposure. <h3>Results</h3> Over the 3 summers, the FNV campaign reached over 2 million people and generated 10.3 million impressions with 154,403 engagements and provided critical process evaluation data on the successes and challenges of the programmatic and evaluation strategies tested. Those exposed to the FNV campaign were more likely to report willingness and actual behaviors of eating of >1 fruits and vegetables/day than those not exposed. <h3>Conclusions and Implications</h3> The findings of the 3-year FNV campaign suggest the feasibility and impact of SM for low-income audiences and will inform a new statewide SNAP-Ed SM intervention development in Georgia.

Effect Of Bodybuilding Calisthenics Training On Executive Ability In Old Women Adults

The interest in research on the exercise ways to improve executive ability has grown rapidly in the last decade due to the aging global population. The exercise programs were mainly involved in walking, swimming and Tai Chi. However, there is little report about the bodybuilding calisthenics training efficiency in improving executive ability of old women adults. PURPOSE: To examine the effect of bodybuilding calisthenics training on executive ability in old women adults. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-seven old women adults (Age: 70.2±7.6 yr., Height: 158.2±4.9 cm, Mass: 59.4±8.5 kg) were recruited from local newspaper advertisement, whose Mini-Mental Status Examination scores were above 25. All subjects were randomly divided into experimental group (EG, n = 75) and control group (CG, n = 52). The EG conducted bodybuilding calisthenics training 2 times a week, 45 minutes each, for 25 weeks, and the CG continued to follow normal daily activities. The Trail Making Test A and B (TMT-A, TMT-B) and Tapping Test were used to evaluate the executive ability, which were measured before and after intervention. Two-way (group vs. time) repeated measures ANOVAs were performed for each of the outcome parameters. Tukey’s HSD tests were employed for post-hoc comparisons. The alpha level was set at p <0.05. RESULTS: 1. There were statistically significant group by time interactions for TMT-A (F(1,124) = 6.90, p<.001), TMT-B (F(1,124) = 6.64, p<.005) and Tapping Test (F(1,124) = 3.99, p<.05). 2. The main effect for time was significant for TMT-A (F(1,129) = 29.48, p<.001), TMT-B (F(1,125) = 22.09, p<.001) and Tapping Test (F(1,125) = 9.35, p<.005). The main effect for group was significant for TMT-A (F(1,125) = 4.77, p<.01), TMT-B (F(1,125) = 4.74, p<.05) and Tapping Test (F(1,125) = 3.14, p<.05). CONCLUSIONS: bodybuilding calisthenics training helped improving executive ability for old women adults.

Maid of Honour

.

Awareness, Attitude &amp; Knowledge of COVID-19 amongst North Indian Population: Mirror of an Outburst Scenario

Context: In the current era, the evolving pathogen, CoVs was originated anonymously in a patient suffering from pneumonia in Wuhan in December 2019 has drawn implausible care around the world. Aim: Its aim was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and degree of awareness among the North India population of different ages towards COVID-19 through a well-formatted questionnaire. Methods and Materials: A cross-sectional study of 384 participants enlisted from various places was conducted through an effective and dependable questionnaire including socio demographic and COVID-19 knowledge data in the population of Northern India. Statistical Analysis Used: ONE-WAY ANOVA test was used to illustrate statistical differences and result came as significant at (p&lt;0.05). Result: Maximum participants were males (52%) of age 40-59 years (39%); secondary passed (12%) and people working in a private sector (12%). Conclusion: Due to collaboration of all the sources as social media, television, newspaper and health related advertisement public was having good knowledge about COVID-19.

دور الاعلان الصحفي في تشجيع الجمهور على عملية الشراء

This research sheds light on how press advertising affects consumer behavior and draws attention to it by identifying the factors that influence the intellectual perception process or attention to it. The aim of the research was to identify the factors that help achieve the objectives of the press announcement. The aim of the research was to identify the factors that help to achieve the objectives of the press announcement. The research problem was identified in four questions that were answered through a questionnaire distributed to a sample of students of College of Mass Communication, University of Baghdad. Do newspaper advertisements meet the readers’ need to search for the required product or service, as well as indicate the most important elements in the recipient’s press ads, and what is their role in stabilizing the reader’s mental image? This research is descriptive research. The researcher reached a set of conclusions, the most prominent of which were the following: Most of the interests of the respondents in the local newspapers were, respectively, the social, technical, political, sports, military, and finally economic topics. The ads published in the newspapers did not attain a high importance for the researchers, and this is a great indication of the declining position of the ads published in the newspapers While most respondents believe that newspaper ads are no longer able to meet their needs in identifying the nature, location and prices of the required goods and services. Moreover, they are unable to gain their confidence in determining the purchase of the type of goods and services, while most of them felt that they can guide those readers to their place only. The majority of respondents believe that press advertisements can raise happiness for those who purchase an advertised commodity in local newspapers. This is an important factor that can be invested in enhancing the position of newspapers among the means of communication. Most of the respondents are alienated from newspapers where advertisements abound, because they generate boredom and they see that ads are not their goal of reading newspapers. But they read them because they are close to a journalistic material that interests them, and press advertisements are important for industrial activity and they do not encourage wrong behaviors such as drinking wine or cigarettes. Most of the respondents do not trust the ads published in the newspapers. As those ads do not provide a safety factor for them through the information that they provide, according to the opinion of most of them. The respondents' interests in what was published in the press ads were, firstly, clothing, then perfumes, education affairs, entertainment parties, and other items.