Adverse Lipid Profile Research Articles

MO455LIPID PROFILE AND UREMIC RETENTION SOLUTES IN PATIENTS WITH END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE

Abstract Background and Aims Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) have an extremely high incidence of cardiovascular (CV) diseases, partly driven by insufficient clearance of uremic toxins. ESKD patients have a characteristically adverse lipid profile, however data investigating the relationship between uremic toxins and lipid profile, potentially contributing to increased CV risk, is scarce. To determine if uremic retention solutes (URS) associate with an adverse lipid profile in ESKD, we studied a large, trinational cohort with a detailed lipid profile, as well as a comprehensive panel of uremic toxins. Method Total, high density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and remnant cholesterol, as well as triglyceride, levels were associated with a panel of 15 uremic retention solutes in a combined cohort of 591 European, adult patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) from UZ Leuven, Belgium (n=150), Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (n=235) or University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany (n=226). Total and HDL cholesterol, as well as triglycerides, were quantified at each study center, whereas non-HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and remnant cholesterol were calculated. In all subjects of this trinational study, a selected panel of solutes, including CMPF, TMAO, aromatic amino acids and corresponding end-products of endogenous and microbial metabolism, was centrally quantified in a single lab by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry. Univariate correlations were assessed using non-parametric Spearman’s rank correlation method. To identify independent associations between solutes and lipid profile, multivariate linear regression models were used with adjustment for age, sex, as well as markers of inflammation, protein energy wasting, renal function, diabetes and dialysis. Results In total, 189 patients in CKD stage 3-5 not on renal replacement therapy (RRT), as well as 402 subjects on RRT, were included. All URS except phenylalanine significantly differed between patients on RRT vs. not on RTT. In univariate analyses, URS negatively correlated with most lipid markers, including LDL and HDL cholesterol. In contrast, the amino acids tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosine were positively correlated with a large majority of lipid markers. After combining URS concentrations based on molecule size, similar associations were observed for the respective groups, i.e. small water-soluble molecules, protein-bound molecules, and amino acids. After adjustment for age, sex, presence of diabetes, dialysis treatment, inflammation, protein energy wasting, and renal function, significant associations were lost for URS and total cholesterol or HDL cholesterol, excluding total cholesterol and phenylacetyl glutamine. However, high triglyceride levels were independently predicted by p-cresyl sulphate, tryptophan, indole-3 acetic acid, phenylalanine, TMAO, small water-soluble molecules combined, and protein-bound molecules combined. Non-HDL cholesterol was independently predicted by phenyl glucuronide, TMAO, phenylacetyl glutamine and small water-soluble molecules combined, while remnant cholesterol was independently associated with 10 out of the 15 URS, as well as small water-soluble molecules combined and amino acids combined. Furthermore, LDL cholesterol independently associated with tryptophan, TMAO, phenylacetyl glutamine and protein-bound molecules combined. Conclusion Significant inverse associations between lipid profile and small water-soluble or protein-bound uremic toxins in advanced CKD highlight the complexity of the uremic environment. Our data suggest that not all URS interactions with conventional CV risk markers may be pathogenic.

High triglyceride to HDL cholesterol ratio is associated with increased coronary heart disease among White but not Black adults

ObjectiveBlack adults are less likely than White adults to present with adverse lipid profiles and more likely to present with low-grade inflammation. The impact of race on the association between atherogenic lipid profiles, inflammation, and coronary heart disease (CHD) is unknown. MethodsWe evaluated the association between high levels (>50th percentile) of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and of triglycerides to high density lipoprotein ratio (TG/HDL-C) and CHD events by race in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort with 30,239 Black and White participants aged 45 and older. ResultsParticipants with both high hsCRP and high TG/HDL-C had highest rates of CHD (HR 1.84; 95% CI: 1.48, 2.29 vs HR 1.52; 95% CI: 1.19, 1.94 in White vs Black participants respectively). Whereas isolated high hsCRP was associated with increased CHD risk in both races (HR 1.68; 95% CI: 1.31, 2.15 and HR 1.43; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.81 for White and Black participants respectively), isolated high TG/HDL was associated with increased CHD risk only in White participants (HR 1.44; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.79 vs HR 1.01; 95% CI: 0.74, 1.38). Further, the effects of high hsCRP and high TG/HDL-C were additive, with inflammation being the driving variable for the association in both races. ConclusionIn both races, higher inflammation combined with adverse lipid profile is associated with greater CHD risk. Therefore, inflammation increases CHD risk in both races whereas dyslipidemia alone is associated with a greater risk in White but not in Black adults. hsCRP testing should be a standard feature of CHD risk assessment, particularly in Black patients.

Scaling vs Comprehensive Periodontal Therapy in Reducing Serum Lipid Levels in Patients with Hyperlipidemia

Chronic inflammatory conditions, such as periodontitis, have shown adverse lipid profiles. The periodontal bacterial burden can induce systemic levels of inflammatory mediators precipitating dyslipidemia. Several studies have provided convincing data linking periodontitis, metabolic syndrome and obesity. Based on these findings, this study gauged the impact of comprehensive periodontal care with surgical therapy on standard periodontal clinical indices, and parameters such as the Body-Mass Index (BMI), Waist-Hip circumference ratio (WHR), and serum lipid levels. Thirty patients with high lipid levels and chronic periodontitis were allocated randomly to group A, receiving complete periodontal therapy, and group B, with scaling only. Apart from BMI and WHR, plaque, and gingival indices, probing depth, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were recorded before and after three months of intervention. Data analysis utilized the paired t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Patients receiving complete periodontal treatment showed significantly reduced post-therapy lipid levels (TC, LDL), standard clinical indices (plaque and gingival indices) and probing depth, Body mass index, and waisthip ratio (p< 0.05) compared to their respective baseline levels. Plaque index, Gingival index and probing depth were observed to correlate with total cholesterol levels. Therefore, alleviating conditions with persistent inflammation is essential to manage borderline hyperlipidemia.

Incident diabetes complications among women with type 1 diabetes based on parity

Objectives To assess risk factors and incidence of diabetes complications in women with type 1 diabetes (T1D) based on parity. Research design/methods Data were collected from women (16–40 years old) in the T1D Exchange completing pregnancy/childbirth questionnaires during 2011–2013 and 2016–2018. Incidence of risk factors and diabetes complications were compared between women with a first pregnancy at/within 1-year of enrollment (n = 28) and never pregnant women by year 5 (n = 469). Results There was a trend for lower HbA1c (adjusted p = .14) and higher rates of overweight/obesity, triglyceride/HDL > 2, log (triglyercide/HDL), and hypertension among parous women compared with nulliparous women. There were no significant differences in rates of advanced nephropathy, albuminuria or cardiovascular disease. Conclusions Four-5 years after delivery, parous women with T1D tended to have lower HbA1c levels despite higher body mass indices and more frequent adverse lipid profiles and hypertension compared with nulliparous women. Further studies based on these trends are warranted.

Adverse lipid profiles in older people are associated with lower dementia risk

AbstractBackgroundDyslipidaemia in mid‐life is associated with incident dementia but evidence is conflicting on whether dyslipidaemia in late‐life increases dementia risk. This may be due to the large heterogeneity in cholesterol measures and study designs employed. We used detailed data from a large prospective cohort of older people to comprehensively assess the relation between a broad range of cholesterol measures and incident dementia, addressing potential biases, confounders and modifiers.MethodIn 3392 community‐dwelling individuals, without dementia, aged 70‐78 years, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), triglycerides and apolipoprotein A1 and B were assessed. Over a median of 6.7 years follow‐up, dementia was established by clinical diagnosis confirmed by independent outcome adjudication. Hazard ratios (HR) for dementia and mortality were calculated using Cox regression.ResultDementia occurred in 231 (7%) participants. Dyslipidaemia, particularly high LDL‐C/HDL‐C, was associated with lower dementia risk, independent of age, cardiovascular risk factors, cognitive function, apolipoprotein E genotype and cholesterol lowering drugs. This association was not influenced by the competing risk of mortality. One SD increase in LDL/HDL conveyed a 19% lower dementia risk (HR=0.81, 95%CI=0.69‐0.96) and a 10% lower risk of dementia/mortality combined (HR=0.90, 95%CI=0.82‐0.98). Strong and consistent interactions suggested these associations were predominant in individuals with low BMI and education and potentially reversed in high BMI and education subgroups.ConclusionDyslipidaemia in older individuals conveyed a lower risk of dementia. Differentiating between subgroups seems essential when assessing the risk of poor outcome associated with dyslipidaemia. This may have important implications for dementia risk prediction.

Anti-Mullerian hormone concentrations are inversely associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in premenopausal women

Abstract Background Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) constitutes a marker of ovarian reserve and appears to have a predictive role regarding the time of menopause. Moreover, AMH is associated with adverse cardiac events. History of premature menopause and early onset of menopause have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. In addition, menopausal transition and duration of menopause have been associated with increased burden of subclinical atherosclerosis. However, the association between AMH as a marker of female reproductive age with atherosclerosis in premenopausal women is currently unknown. Purpose To investigate whether AMH concentrations are associated with markers of early atherosclerosis in healthy, normally menstruating women. Methods In a cross-sectional study, vascular structure and function were assessed by measurement of carotid and femoral intima-media thickness (IMT), lipid profile and serum AMH concentrations were assessed. Exclusion criteria were clinically overt CV disease, abnormal ovulatory cycles, polycystic ovarian syndrome, acute infection or chronic inflammatory disease, risk factors for CV disease and any medication Results Seventy premenopausal women, aged 32.7±6.5 years, were included. Mean AMH levels were lower in smokers than in non-smokers and negatively associated with total cholesterol (TC) levels. An inverse association between mean AMH concentrations and IMT in all segments was observed. No correlation with other markers of subclinical atherosclerosis or traditional CV risk factors was found. After multi-variable adjustment for traditional CV risk factors, the association between AMH concentrations combined IMT and carotid bulb IMT, remained significant. Conclusions In healthy, normally ovulating women, low AMH concentrations are associated with an adverse lipid profile and subclinical atherosclerosis, independently of traditional CV risk factors. This finding suggest a role of decreased follicular reserve with atherosclerotic disease. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

The determinants and consequences of forgoing healthcare

Abstract Background Forgoing healthcare is associated with unfavorable health-related outcomes, a higher risk of hospitalization, and a decreased quality of life. Relatively to its neighboring countries, forgoing healthcare for economic reasons is high in Switzerland, primarily because of the high out of pocket expenditures that characterize the Swiss healthcare system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of forgoing healthcare, and to examine the long term health-related consequences of unmet medical needs. Methods We used data from “Bus Santé”, a cross-sectional study conducted in the city of Geneva (CH). Socioeconomic factors were self-reported by participants at baseline (N = 5032, 2007-2011), including income, education, receiving subsidies, and insurance deductibles (mandatory out of pocket expenditures). Forgoing healthcare for economic reasons was self-reported by study participants, including details about the frequency and the type of forgone care. Prospectively, a subset of participants came for a follow-up visit (2014-2015) in order to assess objective (glycemia, blood pressure, plasma lipids) and subjective health-outcomes (self-reported physical and mental health) resulting from forgone healthcare at baseline. Results At baseline, adverse socioeconomic circumstances (lower income, education, receiving subsidies, and high deductibles) were associated with a higher risk of forgoing healthcare (OR range 1.51-5.49, p < 0.015). Four years later, participants who reported forgoing healthcare at baseline were at a higher risk of having lower HDL-cholesterol (β=-0.08 [-0.14;-0.03]), and adverse physical and mental self-reported health outcomes when compared to controls (p < 0.017). Conclusions Forgoing healthcare is driven by adverse socioeconomic circumstances, subsequently leading to adverse lipid profiles and poor self-reported health outcomes. Unmet medical needs may constitute a pathway through which socioeconomic status affects health. Key messages Adverse socioeconomic circumstances lead to unmet medical needs, even in wealthy countries. Unmet medical needs lead to poor objective and subjective health-related outcomes.

Low Serum Vitamin B12 Levels Are Associated with Adverse Lipid Profiles in Apparently Healthy Young Saudi Women.

An abnormal lipid profile is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between vitamin B12 deficiency and lipid profile is inconclusive, with most studies conducted in unhealthy populations. In this study, we aimed to assess the relationship between serum vitamin B12 levels and lipid profiles in a cross-sectional study that included 341 apparently healthy Saudi women, aged 19–30 years, from different colleges at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, biochemical, and lifestyle data were collected, including diet and physical activity. Serum vitamin B12 deficiency was defined as serum B12 level of <148 pmol/L. The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency was approximately 0.6%. Using multivariable linear regression models, serum vitamin B12 levels were found to be inversely associated with total cholesterol (B = −0.26; p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (B = −0.30; p < 0.001), and triglyceride (B = −0.16; p < 0.01) after adjusting for potential confounders, while obesity indices of body mass index, central obesity, and fat percentage showed no association. Therefore, we conclude that low serum vitamin B12 levels are independently associated with abnormal lipid profiles in healthy young Saudi women. Further interventional studies are needed to determine whether improving serum vitamin B12 levels in a healthy population can improve lipid profiles.

A comparison of the associations between adiposity and lipids in Malawi and the United Kingdom

BackgroundThe prevalence of excess adiposity, as measured by elevated body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR), is increasing in sub-Saharan African (SSA) populations. This could add a considerable burden of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases for which these populations are currently ill-prepared. Evidence from white, European origin populations shows that higher adiposity leads to an adverse lipid profile; whether these associations are similar in all SSA populations requires further exploration. This study compared the association of BMI and WHR with lipid profile in urban Malawi with a contemporary cohort with contrasting socioeconomic, demographic, and ethnic characteristics in the United Kingdom (UK).MethodsWe used data from 1248 adolescents (mean 18.7 years) and 2277 Malawian adults (mean 49.8 years), all urban-dwelling, and from 3201 adolescents (mean 17.8 years) and 6323 adults (mean 49.7 years) resident in the UK. Adiposity measures and fasting lipids were assessed in both settings, and the associations of BMI and WHR with total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) were assessed by sex and age groups in both studies.ResultsMalawian female adults were more adipose and had more adverse lipid profiles than their UK counterparts. In contrast, Malawian adolescent and adult males were leaner and had more favourable lipid profiles than in the UK. Higher BMI and WHR were associated with increased TC, LDL-C and TG and reduced HDL-C in both settings. The magnitude of the associations of BMI and WHR with lipids was mostly similar or slightly weaker in the Malawian compared with the UK cohort in both adolescents and adults. One exception was the stronger association between increasing adiposity and elevated TC and LDL-C in Malawian compared to UK men.ConclusionsMalawian adult women have greater adiposity and more adverse lipid profiles compared with their UK counterparts. Similar associations of adiposity with adverse lipid profiles were observed for Malawian and UK adults in most age and sex groups studied. Sustained efforts are urgently needed to address the excess adiposity and adverse lipid profiles in Malawi to mitigate a future epidemic of cardio-metabolic disease among the poorest populations.

Chronic Gastritis Is Associated with a Decreased High-Density Lipid Level: Histological Features of Gastritis Based on the Updated Sydney System.

Chronic gastritis could activate a systemic inflammatory response that could result in adverse lipid profiles. To determine the severity of chronic gastritis, Helicobacter pylori (HP), mononuclear cell (lymphocytes and plasma cells), and neutrophil scores were assessed on the basis of the updated Sydney system (USS), which is widely used for histological grading. The aim of this study was to assess the relationships between gastric histological features and lipid profile levels. This study included 15,322 males and 5929 females who underwent a health checkup and gastric biopsy at the Kangbuk Samsung Medical Center (KBSMC). We analyzed whether the HP, mononuclear cell, and neutrophil grades according to the USS were related to serum leukocyte count, unhealthy behaviors, and lipid profile levels. Gastritis with HP, neutrophils, or moderate to severe mononuclear cells was associated with an elevated serum leukocyte count. A high leukocyte count was related to increased low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and triglycerides/very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and decreased high-density lipoproteins (HDL). In multivariate analyses, chronic gastritis with HP or moderate to severe mononuclear cells was significantly associated with decreased HDL in males, while mononuclear cells were significantly related to decreased HDL in females. Chronic gastritis was associated with an increased systemic inflammatory response, which was associated with unfavorable lipid profiles, especially low HDL levels.

0129 Association of Sleep Quality with Serum Lipids in Obese Adults

Abstract Introduction Sleep disturbances have been associated with metabolic dysregulation and have known to contribute to weight gain, obesity, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular disease risk. Obesity due to sleep fragmentation is mediated by multiple pathways like upregulation of orexin neurons and changes in appetite-regulating hormones like Leptin, Ghrelin, which affect food intake and hedonic feeding. Conversely, body mass index (BMI) is associated with alterations in sleep and with high circulating lipids and incidence of coronary heart disease. We hypothesized that poor sleep quality is associated with an adverse serum lipid profile. Methods In this cross-sectional study, till date, 27 obese adult participants were recruited after informed consent. The obesity criterion was taken as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Anthropometric parameters, waist circumference, neck circumference, hip circumference, and BP were measured. Sleep quality was assessed by the “Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index” (PSQI) questionnaire. A score of 5 or more was considered to be adverse sleep. The fasting blood sugar and lipid profile of each participant was determined. Results The average age, BMI and waist circumference of the subjects were 48.96 ±13.9 years, 32.41± 6.18 kg/m2 and 107.4 ±12.18 cm respectively. The Spearman correlation test revealed a significant correlation between the PSQI scores and triglyceride levels of the participants (p=0.033, r = 0.420). The correlation with BMI (p=0.33, r=0.192), fasting blood sugar (p=0.26, r=0.241), HDL (p=0.27, r = -0.221) and waist circumference (p=0.69, r = -0.082) were not found to be statistically significant. Conclusion We conclude that high triglyceride levels are associated with poor quality of sleep in adults. Although other biochemical parameters did not show a significant correlation, a greater sample size may give us a clear insight into it. Support The study is an intramural project supported by AIIMS, Jodhpur.

SUN-019 Androgens Modulate Lipid Metabolism and Absorption in Control and Polycystic Ovary-Metabolic Syndrome Conditions

Introduction: In polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) a high plasma level of androgens has been correlated with an adverse plasma lipid profile. At present we do not know the physiological or mechanistic pathways of how androgens regulate lipid metabolism under control or PCOS conditions. We have shown flutamide, an androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor, reduces the plasma concentration of triglycerides (TG) and apoB-lipoproteins, and intestinal secretion of TG. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the direct physiological and mechanistic effects of androgens, Testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), on lipid metabolism using a PCOS-prone rodent model. Methods: Control and PCOS-prone animals were administered vehicle, T or DHT for 7 days. PCOS-prone animals also present with the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). Following treatment animals underwent a mesenteric lymphatic cannulation procedure to determine effects on intestinal chylomicron (CM-apoB48) and lipid secretion, and absorption using radiolabelled [³H]-cholesterol and [14C]-palmitic acid. Results: Plasma LDL-C was increased with DHT treatment in control animals, and with both T & DHT treatment in PCOS. Intestinal absorption of TG and cholesterol were increased in T and DHT treated PCOS animals but not control animals. Whereas DHT reduced intestinal CM-apoB48 secretion in both control and PCOS groups. These effects were associated with changes in genes and protein expression in lipogenic (SREBP1a/c&2, SREBP1c, SREBP-2, ACC) and steroidogenic pathways (AR, ER and SRDA51) in the liver and intestine. Conclusion: These results demonstrate androgens modulate lipid metabolism and absorption. T and DHT differentially affect intestinal chylomicron secretion and lipid absorption in PCOS-MetS and control conditions. In conclusion, these results suggest that androgens may directly cause or exacerbate lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in conditions of hyperandrogenemia and the MetS.

Cardiovascular Disease in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), is a term used to describe a group of inflammatory disorders beginning before the age of 16 years. Although for the majority of children remission is achieved early, those with systemic or polyarticular form of the disease may present persistent symptoms in adulthood. Considering that there is overlap in the pathogenesis of JIA with adult rheumatic diseases, concerns have been raised as to whether JIA patients could be at increased cardiovascular (CV) risk in the long-term. In this review, we summarize evidence for CV involvement in JIA and present data on CV risk factors and surrogate markers of arterial disease. We also provide information on beneficial and harmful CV effects of anti-inflammatory medications in the context of JIA and suggest strategies for CV screening. Overall, patients with systemic forms of JIA demonstrate an adverse lipid profile and early arterial changes relevant to accelerated arterial disease progression. Although there is paucity of data on CV outcomes, we recommend a holistic approach in the management of JIA patients, which includes CV risk factor monitoring and lifestyle modification as well as use, when necessary, of antiinflammatory therapies with documented CV safety.

Multi-ancestry sleep-by-SNP interaction analysis in 126,926 individuals reveals lipid loci stratified by sleep duration

Both short and long sleep are associated with an adverse lipid profile, likely through different biological pathways. To elucidate the biology of sleep-associated adverse lipid profile, we conduct multi-ancestry genome-wide sleep-SNP interaction analyses on three lipid traits (HDL-c, LDL-c and triglycerides). In the total study sample (discovery + replication) of 126,926 individuals from 5 different ancestry groups, when considering either long or short total sleep time interactions in joint analyses, we identify 49 previously unreported lipid loci, and 10 additional previously unreported lipid loci in a restricted sample of European-ancestry cohorts. In addition, we identify new gene-sleep interactions for known lipid loci such as LPL and PCSK9. The previously unreported lipid loci have a modest explained variance in lipid levels: most notable, gene-short-sleep interactions explain 4.25% of the variance in triglyceride level. Collectively, these findings contribute to our understanding of the biological mechanisms involved in sleep-associated adverse lipid profiles.

Metabolic and vascular risk factors are associated with reduced cerebral blood flow and poorer midlife memory performance.

Midlife metabolic and vascular risk factors (MVRFs) predict cognitive decline and dementia; however, these risk factors tend to overlap, and the mechanisms underlying their effects on cognitive performance are not well understood. This cross‐sectional study investigates the contributions of MVRFs to regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) and verbal learning & memory among middle‐aged adults. We used partial least squares (PLS) analysis to create latent risk factor profiles and examine their associations to CBF in 93 regions of interest among 451 participants (age 50.3 ± 3.5 years) of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults. This multivariate analysis revealed regional CBF was lower in relation to obesity (higher body mass index and waist circumference), dysregulated glucose homeostasis (higher fasting glucose, oral glucose tolerance, and higher fasting insulin), and adverse fasting lipid profile (lower high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and higher triglycerides). In a sensitivity analysis, we found that significant associations between MVRFs and CBF were prominent in the hypertension‐medicated subgroup. In a mediation model, the PLS‐based MVRFs profile was associated with memory performance (rey auditory verbal learning test); however, CBF was not a significant mediator of this association. The results describe an adverse midlife metabolic profile that might set the stage for incipient dementia and contribute to widespread changes in CBF.

Short Stature is Associated with Increased Risk of Dyslipidemia in Korean Adolescents and Adults

Adults with short stature have been previously reported to have increased risk of cardiovascular events and hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia. We aimed to assess the association between height and lipid profiles among Korean adolescents and adults. We analyzed data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2015, from 37,889 individuals (aged 12–59 years). In adolescents, total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels had profound associations with height in both boys and girls, while high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels had an inverse association with height only in boys. Height was inversely associated with TC, triglycerides (TG), and LDL-C concentrations in men and women and positively correlated with HDL-C concentration in women. In boys, the odds ratios (ORs) for hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia were higher for shorter subjects (ORs = 2.38~7.01), while only the OR of hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia was significantly higher in girls with short stature (OR = 3.12). In adults, the ORs for hypercholesterolemia, hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia, and hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia were significantly higher in short subjects than in tall subjects after controlling for covariates (ORs = 1.50~2.61). Also, short men showed significantly higher ORs for hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 1.85) than tall men. Short stature was significantly associated with adverse lipid profiles in both adolescents and adults.

Sex and area differences in the association between adiposity and lipid profile in Malawi

BackgroundEvidence from high-income countries shows that higher adiposity results in an adverse lipid profile, but it is unclear whether this association is similar in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) populations. This study...

The Alternative Complement Pathway Is Associated With An Adverse Lipid Profile: The Codam Study

The Alternative Complement Pathway Is Associated With An Adverse Lipid Profile: The Codam Study

STUDY OF SERUM LIPID PROFILE LEVEL IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE PATIENTS

Background: Adverse lipid profile has been recognized as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD).&#x0D; Materials and Methods: 100 subjects aged between 35 to 65 years, comprising of 50 normal control and 50 patients suffering from CAD were studied.&#x0D; Result: The mean total cholesterol level was found to be 174.2±21.05 mg/dl with a range of 150-200 mg/dl present in normal subjects and mean concentration of cholesterol level was increased to 254.23±45.70 mg/dl in CAD patients. The mean Triglyceride level was found to be 117.58±44.16 mg/dl with a range of 75-150 mg/dl present in normal subjects and mean concentration of Triglyceride level was increased to 184.24±42.02 mg/dl in CAD patients. &#x0D; Conclusion: This cross sectional study showed that high serum cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride and low HDL cholesterol were clinically significant in all the age groups.&#x0D; Keywords: Coronary artery disease (CAD), Cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL, HDL.

Benefits of exercise during peri-and postmenopause

Menopause is associated with an increasing risk to develop the so called metabolic syndrome. A major reason is the decrease of circulating estrogen, a sex steroid which is involved in a variety of metabolic processes. Estrogens affect fat metabolism, bone metabolism and protein metabolism. Declining estrogen levels are associated with adverse lipid profiles, a reduced ability o to metabolize fatty acids, reduced bone mass and density and with a decrease in skeletal muscle mass. All this has implications for the development of diseases like cardiovascular disease, sarcopenia, osteoporosis and diabetes type II. Animal experimental studies and human investigations have clearly demonstrated differences in the ability to metabolize fatty acids between pre- and postmenopausal females. In animal experimental studies but also in human intervention studies we have demonstrated that physical activity has a beneficial impact on many physiological parameters associated with the mentioned diseases. Resistance training has been demonstrated to be an important strategy to maintain bone mass in postmenopausal females. Endurance training has strong preventive effects for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore development of individualized training concepts combined with on optimized nutrition and pharmacological treatment concepts a are powerful strategies to overcome negative physiological impacts in peri- or postmenopause.