Advanced Management System Research Articles

Innovative management strategies for addressing paediatric medical staff shortages in underdeveloped cities in developing countries

BackgroundPaediatric professional scarcity and uneven distribution is acute in underdeveloped regions, exacerbated by COVID-19’s workload surge and burnout, highlighting the need for strengthened prevention and response measures.AimPropose an effective talent...

Does smartphone use encourage farmers to participate in centralized household waste disposal?

The centralization of household waste disposal represents a significant stride toward achieving ecological viability in rural China. This initiative can substantially alleviate the grassroots government's burden of managing rural household waste. The proliferation and utilization of smartphones, a powerful tool that can expedite and reduce the cost of imparting environmental protection knowledge to producers, is a beacon of hope in the fight against waste. This article, utilizing Probit modeling and micro-survey data from 2126 agricultural households in China, examines the effect of smartphone usage on farmers' participation in centralized household waste disposal. The findings indicate that smartphone usage significantly enhances farmers' engagement in centralized domestic waste disposal, motivating them to participate actively. Notably, this finding persists even after robustness tests. Further heterogeneity analyses indicate that older and low-income populations exhibit a more pronounced level of engagement in centralized household waste disposal. This paper presents these findings and underscores the importance of the proposed policies to enhance farmers' consciousness regarding the environmental implications of smartphone usage. These policies are not just suggestions but urgent and necessary steps towards a more technologically advanced and efficient waste management system, and their implementation is crucial for the future of waste management.

A Review on Advanced Battery Thermal Management Systems for Fast Charging in Electric Vehicles

To protect the environment and reduce dependence on fossil fuels, the world is shifting towards electric vehicles (EVs) as a sustainable solution. The development of fast charging technologies for EVs to reduce charging time and increase operating range is essential to replace traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are efficient energy storage systems in EVs. However, the efficiency of LIBs depends significantly on their working temperature range. However, the huge amount of heat generated during fast charging increases battery temperature uncontrollably and may lead to thermal runaway, which poses serious hazards during the operation of EVs. In addition, fast charging with high current accelerates battery aging and seriously reduces battery capacity. Therefore, an effective and advanced battery thermal management system (BTMS) is essential to ensure the performance, lifetime, and safety of LIBs, particularly under extreme charging conditions. In this perspective, the current review presents the state-of-the-art thermal management strategies for LIBs during fast charging. The serious thermal problems owing to heat generated during fast charging and its impacts on LIBs are discussed. The core part of this review presents advanced cooling strategies such as indirect liquid cooling, immersion cooling, and hybrid cooling for the thermal management of batteries during fast charging based on recently published research studies in the period of 2019–2024 (5 years). Finally, the key findings and potential directions for next-generation BTMSs toward fast charging are proposed. This review offers an in-depth analysis by providing recommendations and potential solutions to develop reliable and efficient BTMSs for LIBs during fast charging.

Green logistics: Transforming supply chains for a sustainable future

In the face of escalating climate change and the increasing significance of sustainability, companies are shifting towards green logistics solutions. This article explores the various sustainable practices within logistics, the implementation of green logistics solutions, and the strategies for reducing carbon footprints. The logistics sector, a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, is under increasing pressure to adopt environmentally friendly practices. By examining case studies and industry data, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the current trends and future directions in sustainable logistics. Our study highlights the importance of integrating eco-friendly transportation, energy-efficient warehousing, sustainable packaging, and advanced inventory management systems. Additionally, we discuss the challenges companies face in adopting green logistics, such as high initial costs, technological limitations, and regulatory compliance. Through this analysis, we aim to shed light on the transformative potential of green logistics in mitigating climate change and promoting long-term sustainability in the supply chain industry.

ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INNOVATIVE METHODS IN ENERGY

The global energy landscape is undergoing a transformative shift as the demand for energy continues to grow due to industrialization, urbanization, and population expansion. Traditional energy sources, particularly fossil fuels, have long dominated the energy sector, contributing to significant environmental challenges such as climate change, air pollution, and resource depletion. As a result, there is an urgent need to develop and implement innovative energy technologies that can meet growing energy demands while minimizing environmental impact. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of contemporary innovations in the energy sector, with a focus on the integration of renewable energy sources, optimization of energy conversion processes, and the deployment of advanced energy management systems. These innovations are assessed in terms of their potential to enhance energy efficiency, sustainability, and reliability. By synthesizing the latest research findings and practical implementations, this study aims to identify key trends, challenges, and opportunities in the ongoing transition towards a more sustainable energy future. Keywords: renewable energy sources, energy efficiency, integration, energy consumption.

Leveraging AI and ML for Next-Generation Cloud Security: Innovations in Risk-Based Access Management

In the increasing reliance on the cloud computing era, securing digital assets against sophisticated cyber threats has become a critical concern for organizations globally. Traditional security mechanisms, which often rely on static and pre-defined access control policies, must be revised to address these threats' dynamic and evolving nature. This study investigates the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in enhancing cloud security through the development of advanced Risk-Based Access Management (RBAM) systems. The primary objective is to evaluate how AI and ML can improve dynamic access control, threat prediction, and mitigation strategies within cloud environments. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of RBAM system performance with qualitative insights from cybersecurity experts. AI/ML models were developed using extensive historical access log datasets and integrated into a cloud-based RBAM prototype. The system's performance was assessed based on its accuracy in threat detection, reduction in false positives, and effectiveness in dynamically adjusting access controls. Results indicate that the AI-enhanced RBAM system significantly outperforms traditional methods, achieving a 30% reduction in false positives and a 25% decrease in unauthorized access incidents. Additionally, AI-driven threat prediction models demonstrated high accuracy, enabling preemptive actions to mitigate potential security breaches. These findings highlight the transformative potential of AI and ML in cloud security, providing a more adaptive and proactive defense against emerging threats. The study concludes with recommendations for refining AI/ML models and exploring their application in other areas of cloud security, emphasizing the need for continued innovation to safeguard the increasingly complex digital landscapes that organizations operate within today.

The role of technology in modern industrial processes: a comparative analysis of automated, automatic and mechanical systems

In the modern technological sphere, systems are categorized into various types based on their level of complexity and functional capabilities. The primary types are mechanical, automatic, and automated systems. Each of these types has its unique characteristics and areas of application. Mechanical systems are the simplest of all. They consist primarily of physical components such as gears, levers, and springs, which interact to perform specific tasks. These systems typically lack built-in control or regulation mechanisms, and their operation is based on basic mechanical principles. Examples of mechanical systems include simple clock mechanisms or traditional measuring devices. Automatic systems represent an evolutionary step beyond mechanical systems, as they include elements for automatic control. These may be electrical or electronic components that enable the system to perform certain operations without direct human intervention. For example, automatic doors or thermostats that regulate room temperature are examples of such systems. They can respond to changing conditions and perform tasks based on predefined parameters. Automated systems, in turn, are the most complex and integrated. They combine automatic control with software and advanced management systems, allowing them to adapt to changing environmental conditions and make decisions independently. Automated systems may include elements of artificial intelligence and machine learning, enabling them to perform complex tasks such as data processing or optimizing production processes. Examples include industrial robotic lines or management systems in distribution networks. Thus, the main differences between these systems lie in their level of complexity and functional capabilities: mechanical systems are based on simple physical principles, automatic systems contain elements of automatic control, and automated systems provide a high level of integration and autonomy.

Development of an Intelligent Drone Management System for Integration into Smart City Transportation Networks

Drones have experienced rapid technological advancements, leading to the proliferation of small, low-cost, remotely controlled, and autonomous aerial vehicles with diverse applications, from package delivery to personal transportation. However, integrating these drones into the existing air traffic management (ATM) system poses significant challenges. The current ATM infrastructure, designed primarily for traditionally manned aircraft, requires enhanced capacity, workforce, and cost-effectiveness to coordinate the large number of drones expected to operate at low altitudes in complex urban environments. Therefore, this study aims to develop an intelligent, highly automated drone management system for integration into smart city transportation networks. The key objectives include the following: (i) developing a conceptual framework for an intelligent total transportation management system tailored for future smart cities, focusing on incorporating drone operations; (ii) designing an advanced air traffic management and flight control system capable of managing individual drones and drone swarms in complex urban environments; (iii) improving drone management methods by leveraging drone-following models and emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Internet of Drones (IoD); and (iv) investigating the landing processes and protocols for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to enable safe and efficient operations.

Numerical investigation of synergistic effects of magnetic fields and bluff bodies on heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop reduction in microchannels

Efficient thermal management is essential for designing compact and high-performance heat sinks and heat exchangers. This study addresses the challenge of optimizing heat transfer while minimizing pressure losses in systems exposed to concentrated heat flux by proposing a novel approach that employs both active and passive vortex generators. Specifically, a uniform magnetic field generated by permanent magnets and a bluff body are utilized within a microchannel containing a 2 vol% ferrofluid. Numerical simulations were performed across Reynolds numbers ranging from 100 to 500 and magnetic field intensities up to 0.5 T to evaluate the system's performance. The results demonstrate that the combination of magnetic fields and a bluff body induces vortex generation, alters velocity distribution, and enhances flow mixing, resulting in a 30 % increase in heat transfer efficiency and an 11 % reduction in pressure drop under optimal conditions. Although the introduction of barriers led to a 3 % rise in pressure drop, the uniform magnetic field effectively mitigated friction by reducing flow separation and limiting surface contact. These findings highlight the potential of this method for improving the design of advanced thermal management systems.

Silicon porous disc featured parabolic trough collector functioned with paraffin: Thermal performance study

The advancement of renewable solar energy has potential for industrial heat exchanger applications, and its performance is enhanced by using nanofluid. Besides, the losses of heat during the energy transfer from solar to heat exchanger limit thermal performance and lead to reduced thermal efficiency. The conventional solar system functioning with nanofluid needs to be upgraded with an advanced thermal management system to limit energy loss and enrich the thermal performance of the overall system. The investigation aims to enrich the thermal performance of a parabolic trough solar collector (PTC), which features silicon porous discs and phase change material (PCM-paraffin). During the investigation, the flow of fluid ranged from 100 to 200 LPH with an interval of 50 LPH. Influences of silicon porous disc and phase change material melting phase on fluid temperature, temperature, energy stored, and thermal efficiency of the present system are experimentally investigated, and its values are related to conventional absorber performance without porous material and phase change material. The output results prove the significance of silicon porous and phase change material related to conventional absorber systems. The parabolic solar collector functioned with silicon porous material with phase change material phase on 200LPH spotted superior thermal performance including fluid temperature, PCM temperature, energy stored by phase change material, and average thermal & exergy efficiency of 84.2 °C, 98.5 °C 599.7 kJ, and 73.8 % & 15.1 %. These findings underscore the promising potential of porous medium absorbers in significantly elevating the efficiency of parabolic trough collector systems.

ENGINEERING CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS IN SMART GRID INTEGRATION WITH ELECTRIC VEHICLES

This paper explores the critical engineering challenges and innovative solutions for successfully integrating intelligent grids and electric vehicles (EVs), emphasizing the increasing need for a resilient and adaptive electrical grid as global EV adoption accelerates. It comprehensively examines the technological, infrastructural, and regulatory obstacles that must be addressed to ensure seamless integration, focusing on advanced energy management systems, grid stability amidst fluctuating demand, and incorporating renewable energy sources. The study delves into the infrastructural requirements, including the expansion of charging networks, upgrades to transmission and distribution systems, and the implementation of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technologies, while also analyzing the necessary regulatory and policy frameworks, stressing the importance of clear standards, incentives, and public-private collaboration. The paper offers a forward-looking perspective on overcoming current challenges by reviewing recent advancements in innovative grid technology—such as high-capacity energy storage and artificial intelligence (AI) use for predictive maintenance and load balancing. It highlights the need for interdisciplinary collaboration among engineers, policymakers, and industry leaders to develop a cohesive strategy for future energy distribution while underscoring the role of AI in optimizing grid performance, predicting energy consumption patterns, and enhancing overall efficiency. Ultimately, the paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of smart grid and EV integration, offering actionable insights for stakeholders and concluding with recommendations for future research and development priorities, with a strong emphasis on continued innovation and cooperation to achieve a sustainable and resilient energy future.

Integrated rooftop solar PV-based residential advanced energy management system: An economic involvement of energy systems for prosumers

The growing adoption of rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, coupled with the ability to sell surplus energy back to the national grid, presents a promising opportunity for residential energy management. This research introduces an innovative Advanced Energy Management System (AEMS) that integrates rooftop solar PV with energy-efficient appliances, offering a transformative approach to optimizing household energy consumption. By leveraging advanced demand-side management (DSM) techniques, the AEMS enables users to strategically shift energy usage away from peak hours, thereby reducing reliance on grid energy and minimizing costs. Empirical evaluations reveal that the AEMS significantly outperforms conventional energy management systems, achieving cost reductions of 28.59–35.48 %. The user-friendly interface and robust optimization strategies of the proposed model ensure operational efficiency, making it a valuable tool for maximizing energy savings and enhancing grid stability. Focusing on the specific context of Bangladesh, this study provides a comprehensive techno-economic analysis, demonstrating the practical applicability and long-term sustainability of suggested AEMS. The findings underscore the potential of the proposed model to revolutionize residential energy management, positioning it as a key enabler of both economic and environmental benefits for prosumers in emerging markets.

Revolutionizing Learning Management Systems: Architecture of an AI-Based LMS with Instructor-driven Personalized Content Generation

The increasing advancement of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies forces the modern practice of e-learning platforms to provide advanced services for their users. E-learning is no longer focused only on delivering high-quality learning resources, but also requires an advanced Learning Management System that is capable of understanding specific user needs. This paper introduces a new design for an AI-enhanced Learning Management System (LMS) that includes an automated content generation, translation, and personalization feature, significantly enhancing the core educational characteristics of such systems.

Balancing act: the complex role of artificial intelligence in addressing burnout and healthcare workforce dynamics

Burnout and workforce attrition present pressing global challenges in healthcare, severely impacting the quality of patient care and the sustainability of health systems worldwide. Artificial intelligence (AI) has immense potential...

Experimental investigation on heat transfer enhancement of supercritical pressure aviation kerosene in tubular laminar flow by vibration

In advanced aero-engine thermal management systems, aviation kerosene serving as a coolant unavoidably works in a vibration environment. In this article, the laminar heat transfer performance of Chinese aviation kerosene RP-3 flowing through a horizontal micro-tube under various vibration conditions at supercritical pressures was investigated experimentally. The effects of several impact factors such as system pressure, heat flux, mass flux, inlet temperature, vibration acceleration, and vibration frequency on the heat transfer enhancement were explored in a systematic manner. Experimental results indicate that: (i) the vibration could lead to intense thermal and momentum mixing among different boundary layers of tubular laminar flow and significantly strengthens the heat transfer, and the higher Re can lead to a stronger enhancement effect. The maximum observed HTER across all experimental data is 2.8, occurring at x/d = 224.1 with the inlet temperature of 373 K; (ii) HTER hardly changes with system pressures, exhibiting a maximum relative deviation of 3.9 % at different pressures. Heat transfer enhancement has a strong dependency on heat flux, as the heat flux increases from 36 kW/m2 to 108 kW/m2, the average HTC increased by up to 36.4 %; (iii) the HTC and HTER monotonically rise with increasing vibration acceleration. Peak values in HTC and HTER are observed at vibration frequencies of 625 Hz, 191 Hz, and 242 Hz; (iv) vibration has little impact on the thermal acceleration but noticeably weakens the buoyancy close to the outlet area at high heat flux. Two well-predicted correlations for the Nu in tubular laminar flow, one with vibration and one without, are proposed.

Extended Producer Responsibility and Trade Flows in Waste: The Case of Batteries

AbstractIn the debate on international waste trade, the focus on resource efficiency and recycling has gradually begun to accompany the focus on negative environmental externalities. In this context, we examine the impact of extended producer responsibility (EPR) on the export of waste batteries (WB). EPR is considered as a key policy for the “marketization of waste”. WB are a hazardous waste that also contain a high concentration of critical raw materials. As such, they are of strategic importance for the recovery of critical resources, while at the same time requiring proper environmental management. Therefore, it is crucial to understand where WB are treated and how this is affected by related policies. Our results, based on difference-in-difference models in a gravity framework, show a consistent increase in WB exports after EPR implementation compared to the trend for other wastes. This result is likely to be an indirect consequence of the ability of EPR to support growth in waste collection rates, more accurate tracking of transboundary waste flows, and specialization of national waste management systems. In particular, WB exports appear to be directed to countries with more advanced waste management systems, more stringent environmental regulations, and limited endowments of the mineral resources typically contained in batteries.

A stochastic iterative peer-to-peer energy market clearing in smart energy communities considering participation priorities of prosumers

The penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) has changed the role of a consumer to a prosumer, i.e., producer and consumer. This new role provides the opportunity for peer-to-peer(P2P) energy trading. In this paper, a three-stage iterative framework is proposed to clear the price and quantity of trading in P2P markets while addressing price and DER uncertainties by the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) method. Initially, bids and offers of customers are determined by implementing an advanced satisfaction-based home energy management system (HEMS) at each home. Subsequently, the market operator prioritizes bids and offers according to the amount of customers’ participation in the market. Finally, the P2P market is cleared by application of the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), and the market clearing prices (MCPs) are determined. MCPs are used as a parameter to repeat the three stages, and the procedure is redone until the stopping rule is met. The proposed method's effectiveness has been investigated in communities with 8, 50, and 100 prosumers. Results indicate a 69.51 % cost reduction in a smart energy community with 50 homes through P2P energy market participation. The proposed market clearing method is compared with the common mid-market rate (MMR) and Stackelberg game methods and demonstrates over 25 % reduction in community costs.

Comparative study of hybrid, tri-hybrid and tetra-hybrid nanoparticles in MHD unsteady flow with chemical reaction, activation energy, Soret-Dufour effect and sensitivity analysis over Non-Darcy porous stretching cylinder

Present study investigates influence of Soret-Dufour effects on MHD unsteady flow of a tetra-hybrid nanofluid (Al2O3, Cu, SiO2 and TiO2 with base fluid water) within non-Darcy porous stretching cylinder. Additionally, chemical reaction, activation energy, and heat generation are considered. This research contributes to the understanding of how these nanofluids can optimize heat and mass transfer process in applications such as advanced cooling systems, solar collectors, biomedical devices, and chemical reactors. Tetra-hybrid nanofluids are selected as per novel aspects for their exceptional ability to adapt their properties for diverse applications, including advanced thermal management systems and scenarios requiring high thermal and electrical conductivity. The comparison between hybrid, tri-hybrid, and tetra-hybrid nanofluids serves to evaluate how increasing complexity and diversity in nanoparticle combinations impact thermal and flow characteristics. The prevailing PDE's undergo transformation into nonlinear ODE's through the utilization of similarity variables and numerically solved using fifth order Runge-Kutta Fehlberg method with shooting method. It is established that rising unsteady parameter values result in increasing velocity profile and rising shape factor parameter result in higher heat transfer. Specifically, the Nusselt number increases by 24 % in the tri-hybrid and 11 % in the tetra-hybrid with a higher Soret number, whereas the Sherwood number decreases by 38 % in the tri-hybrid and 26 % in the tetra-hybrid nanofluid. Employing sensitivity analysis, this study also aims to investigate impact of output responses such as local Nusselt number and local Sherwood number on input parameter Dufour number, Soret number and chemical reaction parameter for tri-hybrid and tetra-hybrid nanofluid. It is found out that Dufour number in tetra-hybrid nanofluid has the more significant impact on the Nusselt number, whereas the Soret number predominantly affects the Nusselt number in tri-hybrid nanofluid. These findings underscore the potential of tetra-hybrid nanofluid in enhancing the performance of various industrial and environmental processes.

E-SDAPONIKS: A Cloud-Based Aquaponics Management System with Data Analytics

This study endeavors to create an advanced aquaponics management system, elevating monitoring capabilities through the integration of environmental sensors. By harnessing the power of the Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud-based technology, users gain unprecedented control over devices while seamlessly recording and analyzing system data. Complementing this, a user-friendly mobile application provides realtime insights into feed consumption, water parameters, and harvest schedules, enhancing operational efficiency. The Agile Methodology serves as the framework for this project, enabling a flexible and iterative approach to hardware and software development. Key hardware components include temperature and humidity sensors, electrical conductivity sensors, and pH sensors, essential for comprehensive monitoring. Facilitating seamless integration, an ESP32 microcontroller manages these sensors, boasting built-in Bluetooth and Wi-Fi modules to facilitate connectivity with the mobile application. In assessing project performance, adherence to ISO 25010 requirements and IEEE standards validates the system’s robustness and reliability.

An Experimental and Numerical Studies of Fin-type Heat Sinks, Microchannel Heat Sink Its Cooling Performance and Design Consideration

Microchannel heat sinks (MCHS) have emerged as pivotal components in advanced thermal manage-ment systems due to their superior heat transfer capabilities. Fin-type heat sinks, essential for efficient thermal management in electronic devices, are evaluated through a series of experimental and numeri-cal studies. This paper reviews recent advancements in the design and performance analysis of various fin-type heat sinks, including micro pin-fins of different geometries and dimensions. By comparing the heat transfer efficiency and pressure drops among different designs and operating conditions, this re-view aims to provide insights into optimizing fin-type heat sinks for improved thermal management.