Advanced Arguments Research Articles

Oscillation of solutions to non-linear difference equations with several advanced arguments

This work concerns the oscillation and asymptotic properties of solutions to the non-linear difference equation with advanced arguments \[x_{n+1}- x_n =\sum_{i=1}^m f_{i,n}( x_{n+h_{i,n}}).\] We establish sufficient conditions for the existence of positive, and negative solutions. Then we obtain conditions for solutions to be bounded, convergent to positive infinity and to negative infinity and to zero. Also we obtain conditions for all solutions to be oscillatory.

Asymptotic behavior of even-order damped differential equations with p-Laplacian like operators and deviating arguments

We study the asymptotic properties of the solutions of a class of even-order damped differential equations with p-Laplacian like operators, delayed and advanced arguments. We present new theorems that improve and complement related contributions reported in the literature. Several examples are provided to illustrate the practicability, maneuverability, and efficiency of the results obtained. An open problem is proposed.

Asymptotic Behavior of Higher Order Quasilinear Neutral Difference Equations

We study, the asymptotic behavior of solutions to a class of higher order quasilinear neutral difference equations under the assumptions that allow applications to even and odd-order difference equations with delayed and advanced arguments, as well as to functional difference equations with more complex arguments that may for instance, alternate infinitely between delayed and advanced types. New theorems extend a number of results reported in the literature. Illustrative examples are presented.

Numerical investigation of noise induced changes to the solution behaviour of the discrete FitzHugh–Nagumo equation

In this work we introduce and analyse a stochastic functional equation, which contains both delayed and advanced arguments. This equation results from adding a stochastic term to the discrete FitzHugh–Nagumo equation which arises in mathematical models of nerve conduction. A numerical method is introduced to compute approximate solutions and some numerical experiments are carried out to investigate their dynamical behaviour and compare them with the solutions of the corresponding deterministic equation.

The under-recognition of the significance of social class conceptions of education in Piketty’s Capital

Piketty’s Capital has created enormous interest around the world, not least in educational circles. One reason for this may be his readiness to refer, in a book largely focused on economic history, to the ways that education has, and might, contribute to better and more equal social outcomes. This article welcomes this approach, but argues that Piketty’s suggestions remain somewhat limited due to his adherence to a more or less distributional, rather than relational, approach, and then sets out to address this issue by arguing that the assumption that it is the distribution of credentials which accounts for their contribution is mistaken. Instead, the article advances arguments which recognize the separate contributions of the content of credentials, and their valorization. The main focus of this article is thus on the different ways educational credentials are realized, which, it is argued, is a major basis for the maintenance of educational inequality.

Medical Tourism Market and Inter-Stakeholderss Relations in Turkey: A Comparative Investigation from Reverse Innovation and Destination Governance Viewpoint

This study aims to analyze inter-stakeholders’ interactions, destination governance, reverse innovation and the tasks of central government within Turkish medical tourism market. The investigation’s objective is to shed lights on scientists and practitioners regarding to what extent medical tourism is affected by stakeholders. Likewise, the originality of this investigation is that this study is the first attempt that links up reverse innovation and stakeholder approach as a holistic strategy and competitive advantage tool in medical tourism. The statistical evidences of Turkey also support the fact that the incline of medical tourism incomes and benefits is tightly bound on key inter-stakeholders’ collaborations, marketing tools, specific strategies, effective governance mechanism and cooperation with civil society organizations. This study is a thematic case that comprises particular research fields and formulates advanced arguments that are embedded in enriched relevant literature review and the highlights of the 7th International Health Tourism Congress.

Hadamard-type fractional functional differential equations and inclusions with retarded and advanced arguments

In this paper, we establish sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solutions for boundary value problems of Hadamard-type fractional functional differential equations and inclusions involving both retarded and advanced arguments. We make use of the standard tools of fixed point theory to obtain the main results.

Oscillation Results for Second Order Nonlinear Differential Equation with Delay and Advanced Arguments

In this paper we study the oscillation criteria for the second order nonlinear difierential equation with delay and advanced arguments of the form ((x(t) + a(t)x(t i ae1) + b(t)x(t + ae2)) fi ) 00 + q(t)x fl (t i ?1) + p(t)x ∞ (t + ?2) = 0; t ‚ t0 where ae1; ae2; ?1 and ?2 are nonnegative constants and fi; fl and ∞ are the ratios of odd positive integers. Examples are provided to illustrate the main results.

The Existence of extremal solutions to nonlinear fractional integro-differential equations with advanced arguments

This paper deals with the existence of extremal solutions for nonlinear fractional integro-differential equations with advanced arguments. Our analysis rely on monotone iterative method based on upper and lower solutions. Also, we give an illustrative example in order to indicate the validity of our assumptions.

Multiple Positive Solutions of Third-Order BVP with Advanced Arguments and Stieltjes Integral Conditions

We consider the following third-order boundary value problem with advanced arguments and Stieltjes integral boundary conditions:u′′′t+ft,uαt=0, t∈0,1, u0=γuη1+λ1uandu′′0=0, u1=βuη2+λ2u, where0<η1<η2<1,0≤γ,β≤1,α:[0,1]→[0,1]is continuous,α(t)≥tfort∈[0,1], andα(t)≤η2fort∈[η1,η2]. Under some suitable conditions, by applying a fixed point theorem due to Avery and Peterson, we obtain the existence of multiple positive solutions to the above problem. An example is also included to illustrate the main results obtained.

Oscillations of dynamic equations on time scales with advanced arguments

In this paper, we investigated the oscillatory behaviour of solutions of advanced dynamic equations on time scales. Under the assumption that the τ is non-monotone or nondecreasing, we present new sufficient conditions for the oscillation of first-order delay dynamic equations on time scales. An example illustrating the result is also given.

Oscillations of dynamic equations on time scales with advanced arguments

In this paper, we investigated the oscillatory behaviour of solutions of advanced dynamic equations on time scales. Under the assumption that the τ is non-monotone or nondecreasing, we present new sufficient conditions for the oscillation of first-order delay dynamic equations on time scales. An example illustrating the result is also given.

Regularly Varying Solutions of Half-Linear Diffferential Equations with Retarded and Advanced Arguments

Abstract Sharp conditions are established for the existence of slowly varying solution and regularly varying solution of index 1 of the half-linear functional differential equation with both retarded and advanced arguments of the form (|x′(t)|α sgn x′(t))′ ± p(t)|x(g(t))|α sgn x(g(t)) ± q(t)|x(h(t))|α sgn x(h(t)) = 0, where α > 0 is a constant, p, q: [a,∞) → (0,∞), a ≧ 0 are continuous functions, g, h are continuous and increasing with g(t) < t, h(t) > t for t ≥ a and .

Higher-order MUSCL scheme for transport equation originating in a neuronal model

We consider a transport equation with mixed boundary conditions (Dirichlet and Neumann) originating in a neuronal model. This equation contains point-wise delay and advanced argument. The objective of this paper is to construct and analyze higher order MUSCL scheme to find a numerical solution. The developed scheme is stable and convergent. The importance of this scheme is that it is valid for large as well as for small values of point-wise delay and advance. Some test examples are included to examine the behavior of the solution and to verify the order of convergence. The effect of point-wise delay and advance arguments on the solution is shown graphically.

Theex turpi causaprinciple inHoungaandServier

In Hounga v Allen the majority of the Supreme Court employed a test for the application of the ex turpi causa defence involving the balancing of public policy arguments for and against allowing the defence. Although this has attracted some early academic support, this note will argue it is inconsistent with authority and principle. The later decision in Servier v Apotex does not address the Hounga decision directly but strongly endorses a more conservative approach to the ex turpi causa principle. The resulting tension between these two Supreme Court decisions is likely further to destabilise the law in this area. This note advances arguments in favour of the Servier approach, summarises both decisions in terms of their consistency with authority and considers the ways in which Servier may have limited the effects of Hounga.

Improved answer-set programming encodings for abstract argumentation

AbstractThe design of efficient solutions for abstract argumentation problems is a crucial step towards advanced argumentation systems. One of the most prominent approaches in the literature is to use Answer-Set Programming (ASP) for this endeavor. In this paper, we present new encodings for three prominent argumentation semantics using the concept of conditional literals in disjunctions as provided by the ASP-system clingo. Our new encodings are not only more succinct than previous versions, but also outperform them on standard benchmarks.

Capital for Concentrated Credit Portfolios

Most credit portfolios contain obligor concentration risk and yet international bank regulatory capital rules and many industry models assume perfect diversification. Multiple methods are available to calculate the approximate capital needs of a concentrated credit portfolio, but many of these involve advanced mathematical arguments, substantial computation time, and fail to clearly identify the most important credits causing concentration risk. In this article, I illustrate three approaches for calculating loss distributions and value-at-risk capital requirements. Of these the large exposure approach proposed by Kupiec (2015) is especially easy to implement. It produces accurate estimates of the economic capital required for a concentrated portfolio and immediately identifies the obligors most responsible for generating concentration risk.

Oscillations of differential equations with several non-monotone advanced arguments

Consider the first-order advanced differential equation of the formwhere qi, 1 ≤ i ≤ m are functions of non-negative real numbers, and σi, 1 ≤ i ≤ m are functions of positive real numbers such that σi(t) > t for t ≥ t0. New oscillation criteria, involving lim sup and lim inf, are established, in the case of non-monotone advanced arguments. An example illustrating the results is also given.

Oscillation of second‐order neutral differential equations

We study oscillatory behavior of a class of second‐order neutral differential equations under the assumptions that allow applications to differential equations with both delayed and advanced arguments, and not only. New theorems complement and improve a number of results reported in the literature. Illustrative examples are provided.

Markets over Mao: the rise of private business in China

China's transition to a market economy has propelled its remarkable economic growth since the late 1970s. In this book, Nicholas R. Lardy, one of the world's foremost experts on the Chinese economy, traces the increasing role of market forces and refutes the widely advanced argument that Chinese economic progress rests on the government's control of the economy's commanding heights. In another challenge to conventional wisdom, Lardy finds little evidence that the decade of the leadership of former President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao (2003–13) dramatically increased the role and importance of state-owned firms, as many people argue. This book offers powerfully persuasive evidence that the major sources of China's growth in the future will be similarly market rather than state-driven, with private firms providing the major source of economic growth, the sole source of job creation, and the major contributor to China's still growing role as a global trader. Lardy does, however, call on China to deregulate and increase competition in those portions of the economy where state firms remain protected, especially in energy and finance.