Advanced Agricultural Technology Research Articles

Hydroponics as an advanced vegetable production technique: an overview

In the recent past, population explosion across the globe has presented many challenges that include the availability of arable land diminishing per capita for traditional soil-based farming. Therefore, the development of advanced agricultural technologies and methods has become important in response to these persistent situations. Amongst these innovations, soilless crop cultivation has emerged as one of the promising solutions, leading from the forefront. This current review offers a comprehensive investigation of hydroponics as an advanced technology for vegetable production. It explains many aspects related to hydroponic systems, viz., methods used in hydroponics, its advantages, challenges as well as application in vegetable production. This paper also explores the hydroponics evolution historically, various hydroponic systems, their essential components, and nutrient solution role in plant growth facilitation. Furthermore, it highlights various advantages of farming under hydroponic culture, viz., increase in yields, efficient usage of water, optimum space utilization, and less environmental impact. Additionally, this review also sheds light on challenges related to hydroponics, like initial setup cost, technical complexity, and management of diseases. Moreover, it also enlightens about vegetables that are suitable to cultivate under hydroponic culture and provides insight into continuing research, and forthcoming projections in the area of vegetable production under hydroponic cultivation.

Exploring the Spatiotemporal Alterations in China’s GPP Based on the DTEC Model

Gross primary productivity (GPP) is a reliable measure of the carbon sink potential of terrestrial ecosystems and is an essential element of terrestrial carbon cycle research. This study employs the diffuse fraction-based two-leaf light-use efficiency (DTEC) model to imitate China’s monthly GPP from 2001 to 2020. We studied the trend of GPP, investigated its relationship with climatic factors, and separated the contributions of climate change and human activities. The findings showed that the DTEC model was widely applicable in China. During the study period, China’s average GPP increased significantly, by 9.77 g C m−2 yr−1 (p < 0.001). The detrimental effect of aerosol optical depth (AOD) on GPP was more widespread than that of total precipitation, temperature, and solar radiation. Areas that benefited from AOD, such as Northwest China, experienced significant increases in GPP. Climate change and human activities had a primary and positive influence on GPP during the study period, accounting for 28% and 72% of the increase, respectively. Human activities, particularly ecological restoration projects and the adoption of advanced agricultural technologies, played a significant role in China’s GPP growth. China’s afforestation plan was particularly notable, with the GPP increasing in afforestation areas at a rate greater than 10 g C m−2 yr−1. This research provides a theoretical foundation for the long-term management of China’s terrestrial ecosystems and helps develop adaptive ecological restoration tactics.

Efficiency and Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Developed Embedded System-Controlled Seed and Fertilizer Applicator

In maize cultivation, the labour-intensive, time-consuming, and costly nature of manual planting necessitates the exploration of mechanized solutions. This study presents a comprehensive economic evaluation of an embedded system-controlled seed cum fertilizer applicator as a potential answer to these challenges. Precise planting methods offer a multi-pronged approach, aiming to reduce cultivation costs, minimize time requirements, and improve worker comfort during planting operations. By meticulously analyzing both ownership and operational expenses, this study empowers farmers with the knowledge necessary to make informed decisions. These decisions could involve adopting the precise seed cum fertilizer applicator technology, optimizing existing machinery, or exploring alternative methods to achieve enhanced farm productivity and financial gains. The embedded system-controlled seed cum fertilizer applicator was directly compared to traditional manual planting methods. This analysis revealed ownership and operating costs of 9.56 Rs/h and 63 Rs/h, respectively. The compelling findings demonstrated a remarkable 96.87% reduction in planting time and a 55.47% cost decrease when utilizing the embedded system compared to manual methods. These results highlight the significant cost-effectiveness and environmental benefits associated with adopting this precise planting system. This research offers valuable insights to farmers, potentially promoting the integration of advanced agricultural technologies that can optimize resource utilization, improve operational efficiency, and contribute to the implementation of sustainable farming practices.

Optimizing deficit drip irrigation to improve yield,quality, and water productivity of apple in Loess Plateau of China

ContextDeficit drip irrigation is an advanced agricultural technology widely promoted and applied around the world to maintain/increase yield and quality while simultaneously minimizing water consumption. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive research on the effects of deficit drip irrigation at different stages on apple yield, water productivity, and quality. ObjectiveThe aim was to investigate the effects of deficit drip irrigation treatments (DDITs) on apple yield, quality, and water productivity (WP), and optimize the deficit drip irrigation strategy for apples in the Loess Plateau of China. Methodsa two-year field experiment was conducted with 17 irrigation treatments, including a control treatment (CK, full irrigation (FI)) and four DDITs (D15%, D30%, D45%, D60%) during the bud burst to leafing stage (I), flowering to fruit set stage (II), fruit expansion stage (III), and fruit maturation stage (IV). The optimal irrigation management was determined using the fuzzy Borda combined model, which was based on four different single evaluation models of the TOPSIS method, principal component analysis (PCA), grey correlation analysis (GCA), and membership function analysis (MFA). ResultsThe DDITs at stage IV decreased midday leaf water potential (Ψs) by 2.57–20.00% compared with CK, and the difference of Ψs between IV-D30%, IV-D45%, IV-D60%, and CK were significant in two years (P<0.05). DDITs at stages I, II, and IV improved fruit weight (FW), fruit shape index (FSI), and fruit firmness (FN), but did not significantly affect fruit water content (FWC). The DDITs at stages III and IV significantly enhanced total soluble solids (TSS), soluble sugars (SS), and vitamin C (Vc) in 2021 and 2022, but a notable decrease in titratable acidity (TA) was observed. ConclusionsDDITs at stage IV exhibited the highest comprehensive benefit of apple, followed by DDITs at stages I and II, and DDITs at stage III had the lowest values. The DDITs of D15%, D30%, CK, and D15% at stages I, II, III, and IV were identified as the optimal irrigation strategy to improve apple yield, quality, and WP. ImplicationsOur findings can guide the development of appropriate irrigation strategies for apple cultivation in Loess Plateau of China, promoting efficient and sustainable apple production.

메타버스 기반의 축사 스마트팜 적용 방안 연구

In recent years, with the rapid development of IT technology and the aging of the population, various solutions to the labor shortage have emerged. In the livestock industry, there are an increasing number of management systems that utilize artificial intelligence technology. The Metaverse Smart Farm is a system that combines the digital virtual world with advanced agricultural technology. With this system, farmers can monitor the health of their animals in real time without having to visit the barns, and analyze the data collected through sensors and cameras for more efficient agricultural management. In addition, the barn environment can be adjusted through a remote control function, which is expected to reduce labor and revitalize the livestock industry.

High-Technology Agriculture System to Enhance Food Security: A Concept of Smart Irrigation System Using Internet of Things and Cloud Computing

CONTEXT: Food security is highly reliant on agricultural activity to drive the world economy. However, this activity is in great danger due to climatic changes and improper use of irrigation techniques. Consequently, the lives of numerous individuals worldwide are in jeopardy. In light, this paper investigates the promise of smart irrigation systems based on new technology. OBJECTIVE: To meet the growing demand for water in agriculture, this study presents an intelligent irrigation system that uses cutting-edge technologies of 1) cloud computing, 2) embedded systems, and 3) Internet-of-Things (IoT). The main objective is to demonstrate how this innovative strategy can effectively manage water resources, supporting food security through cutting-edge agricultural technology. METHODS: This paper proposes a smart irrigation system based on cutting-edge technologies like the embedded system, Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing as a groundbreaking strategy to improve food security through the implementation of advanced agricultural technology. This system supervises real-time monitoring of crucial environmental factors such as 1) moisture, 2) humidity, 3) temperature, and 4) water levels, in smart agriculture practices. In addition, this system employs the latest sensors, including the module (DHT22), water level sensor, and moisture sensors, which are connected to the widely used embedded system (ESP32). The system uses the ThingSpeak cloud and ThingView app to enable wireless communication between the device and the farm owner, enhancing their interaction. The automated control of the two water pumps is based on the readings of various environmental factors. Moreover, this will also present a mathematical-driven function known as linear interpolation to calibrate the water level sensor in percentage. This system was created using the V-model software development approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Farmers can access comprehensive farm data from anywhere in the world as the sensor data is transmitted in real-time to both the ThingSpeak cloud and the ThingView. This capability allows for more precise crop irrigation and increased production. The study's findings demonstrate a striking 70% reduction in water consumption for soil irrigation when utilizing the proposed smart irrigation system. This paper underscores the significant promise of smart irrigation systems, driven by IoT, embedded systems, and cloud computing, to conserve water resources and advance food security. SIGNIFICANCE: This article proposes an innovative solution that reduces soil irrigation water consumption by 70% compared to traditional methods. It explores how smart irrigation can improve the sustainability of agriculture and positively influence food security.

Comparative Analysis on Cost-Economics Evaluation of Robotic Tiller-Planter against Conventional Tillage and Planting Operations

The labor-intensive, costly, and time-consuming nature of manual tillage and planting in maize cultivation necessitates the integration of mechanized and robotic methods. This study focuses on the economic evaluation of a Robotic tiller-planter as a solution to address these challenges. Precise robotic tilling and planting methods aim to mitigate cultivation costs, reduce time requirements, and enhance worker comfort. Through a thorough assessment of ownership and operational expenses, farmers gain valuable insights to make informed decisions regarding the adoption of precise robotic machinery, optimization of existing equipment, or exploration of alternative methods for improved farm productivity and financial outcomes. The study compares the Robotic tiller-planter with conventional tillage and planting methods, revealing ownership and operating costs of 172.48 Rs/h and 126.44 Rs/h, respectively. The comparative analysis demonstrated a remarkable 61.58% time savings and a 54.72% reduction in costs during tilling and planting when utilizing the Robotic tiller-planter compared to conventional methods. The findings highlight the cost-effectiveness and environmental benefits associated with the robotic system. This research provides farmers with crucial insights, promoting the adoption of advanced agricultural technologies to optimize resource utilization, improve efficiency, and substitute sustainable farming practices.

Application of geoinformation systems in the agricultural complex

Precision farming, encompassing coordinated farming, adaptive landscape farming, and precision farming, represents a scientific paradigm in agricultural production that capitalizes on the inherent variability in soil fertility within localized areas. By tailoring practices to specific soil characteristics, precision farming optimizes profitability through the targeted application of fertilizers and plant protection products. Serving as the epitome of flexible landscape farming, precision farming integrates advanced agricultural technologies to achieve heightened productivity levels. Data collected through precision farming practices informs critical aspects of agricultural management, including strategic planting, precise calculation of input quantities, improved crop forecasting, and enhanced financial planning. Successful implementation of precision farming hinges on a thorough consideration of local soil attributes and climatic conditions, underscoring the importance of site-specific adaptation in modern agricultural strategies.

An analysis of LULC changes for understanding the impact of anthropogenic activitieson food security: a case study of Dudhganga watershed, India.

Although the Dudhganga watershed is the primary water and food resource of the Kashmir Valley, it has undergone significant changes in food resources and strategies due to rampant urbanization in the area over the past 20years. This urbanization has had a profound impact on the watershed and has also affected land use and land cover (LULC) patterns and environmental changes. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of urban development on food security parameters in the Dudhganga watershed area, India, from 2000 to 2020, by evaluating LULC changes. Additionally, the study aims to examine the relationship between climate changes and LULC indices, such as the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI). The results indicate a 21.66% increase in barren areas, at the expense of snow-covered lands, during the 2000-2020 period. The primary land cover transition observed is towards barren areas. The predictions for LULC in 2030 highlight the need for careful management of land use and climate changes in the study area. This study can assist local government officials in reassessing food strategies by identifying areas where urban expansion should be controlled and climate impacts minimized, to prevent local hunger and ecological degradation. Therefore, the development of systematic urban planning approaches and mitigation of climate change sources are crucial. Furthermore, the adoption of advanced agricultural technology should be considered to mitigate the impact of urban expansion.

KEY ROLE OF EXTENSION AGENTS IN THE TRANSFER AND ADOPTION OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES: A REVIEW

The huge challenges in the transfer of agricultural technology are how close to the final users and how to continue the use of technology to meet upcoming issues. Suitable research techniques to endorse agricultural production and food security are the main priority for several countries. As we all know, the socio-economic background, education level, learning needs, and farmers' problems vary within the country and among the nations. Advanced agricultural technologies and skills are needed to address such issues and needs. These techniques should be disseminated to growers using up-to-date extended extension teaching techniques and policies. Extension agents should spend much of their time planning about which method to use. This review article aimed to deliberate different approaches to transfer and adoption of new technologies to the farmers and growers through extension workers. Agricultural extension method of teaching includes transfer/delivery of new technologies/skills or new production methods in farming, which will advance the living standards of the growers. To successfully transfer the latest information, extension workers must know the grower's requirements, complexities, and opportunities, as well as physical and financial hurdles.

Does bundling credit with index insurance boost agricultural technology adoption? Evidence from Ghana

AbstractThe adoption of advanced agricultural technologies in Sub‐Saharan Africa remains disappointingly low, particularly among the millions of poor smallholders who account for most of the agricultural production. We conducted a randomized control trial in Ghana to assess the impact of easing drought‐risk constraints in the agricultural credit market, by bundling joint liability agricultural loans with index insurance, on smallholder farmers’ agricultural technology adoption decisions. In the micro‐insurance treatment, any index insurance payouts go directly to farmers, while in the meso‐insurance treatment, payouts are issued to banks to be used to expunge farmers’ debts. We find evidence that bundling joint liability lending with micro‐insurance increases adoption of fertilizer.

Smart Agriculture in the Digital Age: A Comprehensive IoT-Driven Greenhouse Monitoring System

The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in agriculture has emerged as a transformative force, revolutionizing traditional farming practices and driving efficiency and sustainability. This paper presents the development and implementation of a cost-effective greenhouse monitoring system utilizing LoRaWAN technology for data communication. The system’s design, deployment, and performance are discussed in detail. Key components include an array of sensors for monitoring environmental parameters and LoRaWAN for long-range, low-power communication. The low-cost nature of the system challenges the notion that advanced agricultural technology is prohibitively expensive, making it accessible to farmers of varying scales. The system’s affordability and realtime data accessibility make it a valuable tool for precision agriculture, contributing to improved crop yields and resource management.

Substrate and fertigation management modulate microgreens production, quality and resource efficiency

Long-term space missions will require a self-sustaining food production system to meet the crew’s nutritional and health needs. For this purpose, plant-based food production systems with elevated resource efficiency are required, based on advanced agricultural technologies that produce phytonutrient-rich crops. In addition to the resource requirements for crop production on Earth, volume and time efficiency become essential factors to consider for food production in space. Microgreens represent a promising candidate for space farming as they have a high harvest index, short cultivation cycle, and high nutritional potential. However, the development of specific technical protocols for growing microgreens in space is essential since different agronomic inputs, such as substrates and fertigation, can modulate productivity, quality and resource efficiency of microgreens cultivation. The current work examines the effects of different substrates (coconut fiber and cellulose sponge) and nutrient solution (NS) management strategies (quarter strength Hoagland and half strength Hoagland/osmotic water) on the production of two species of microgreens [Raphanus sativus cv. Saxa 2 (Radish); Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. sabauda cv. Vertus (Savoy cabbage)]. The appraisal focused on (i) biomass production and quality, and (ii) sizing of space facilities devoted to the production of phytonutrients required for the astronauts’ wellbeing. In our study, the interaction among species, substrate and NS significantly affected the accumulation of fructose, sucrose, total soluble non-structural carbohydrates and nitrate as well as the daily production of total ascorbic acid and, in turn, the required microgreens serving to supply its adequate daily intake. Species-substrate interaction effects on fresh yield, dry yield, dry matter, anthocyanins, TPC, β-carotene and sulfate content as well as the cultivation surface required to produce the adequate daily intake of ascorbic acid (AscA) were assessed. Substrate-NS interaction modulated the anthocyanins, violaxanthin and sulfate contents independently of species. On the other hand, single factor effects were identified with respect to the accumulation of lutein, chlorophylls, glucose, and starch. Therefore, the management of microgreens cultivation in terms of NS and substrate is an effective tool to meet the phytochemical requirements of the crew.

FORMATION OF NEW INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

The aspects of using innovative technologies in the field of agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan have been studied. The importance of digitalization in agro-industrial sectors is justified. Tasks of introduction of technological innovations in domestic agricultural sector were identified: improving regulatory support, effective technical support, growth in innovation activity, a sufficient degree of financial support, implementation of environmental legislation, conservation of natural resources, increasing the scale of situational analysis, training and upgrading of personnel on issues digital economy and smart technologies in agricultural sector. The experience of countries where advanced agricultural technologies are applied is studied. The potential of accumulated information on digital technologies, as well as factors and conditions for their implementation in Kazakhstan, is considered. The pace and plans of introduction of SMART farms in the republic are analyzed, specific regional examples are presented. The spheres of application of numbering methods in agricultural production are shown. It was revealed that digitalization is not only the use of information content across the entire spectrum of agricultural activity, but also the need to create a comprehensive electronic automated system in each region of the country, its integration with other information databases. The authors note that nanotechnology in agriculture will facilitate the simplification of relations between agricultural producers and the State (facilitating workflow, soft loans), improving the situation in supervision and certification of agricultural products, environmental control, increasing productivity in digital agricultural enterprises, and developing educational sphere.

Modelling the impact of climate change and advanced agricultural technologies on grain output: Recent evidence from China

The adverse effect of rising temperatures on grain output is gradually spreading across China. On the other hand, technical developments have resulted in substantial changes in the agricultural production system over time. Hence, we assess the effect of temperature on grain yields in addition to the potential effect of some technological factors using a panel dataset spanning the period 1996 to 2020 for selected prominent grain-producing provinces in China: Anhui, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Neimenggu, Shandong, Sichuan, and Liaoning. We apply a novel Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MM-QR) and second–generation estimation techniques, which generate consistent and robust results in the presence of cross–sectional dependency (CSD). The empirical findings from the MM-QR estimator reveal that climate change (via temperature) significantly decreases the grain yields in overall quantiles and the higher negative impact was observed in the 75th and 95th quantiles, while technical factors, irrigated area, and financial support play a substantial role in improving the grain yields in China. In addition, the findings from the D–H panel causality method show the various flows of causal links between the selected variables, considering the grain–producing regions of China: grain yields → temperature, pesticide usage → grain yields, and financial support → grain yields. A bidirectional causality association is observed to exist between fertilizer usage ↔ grain yields, pesticide usage ↔ grain yields, and irrigated area ↔ grain yields. To ensure food security, China's prominent grain–growing regions should strengthen their technological innovation efforts and invest in research and development to produce new varieties that can withstand heat and drought stress and produce better grain yields.

Preface

The ISSAAS Indonesia Chapter had been chosen to host ISSAAS Seminar and Congress 2022, the first nonvirtual international meeting by the organization since the Covid-19 pandemic. Together with the Southeast Asia Plant Protection (SEAPPRO), IPB University, this seminar and congress were arranged to establish many potential collaborations between researchers, practitioners, and governments within and between members while also strengthening the relationship of all parties. This seminar also served as a medium to enhance international research publications, especially in Southeast Asia.The ISSAAS SEAPPRO International Seminar and Congress 2022 brought up the theme “Smart Agriculture: Opportunities and Challenges” and primarily focused on the coming of age of agricultural technology in the 4.0 industry. Participants, keynotes and invited speakers shared and presented their latest research findings focusing in smart agriculture approaches in this meeting. These could hopefully be one way to promote the adoption of various technologies in the field of smart agriculture. With new emerging challenges in the agriculture’s climate, smart agriculture has the potential to balance near-food security and livelihood needs by providing the agriculture industry which includes farms, livestock, crops, aquaculture, and fisheries with integrated approaches to leverage environmentally friendly advanced technology. Adopting smart agriculture, such as big data, agricultural machinery, the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, drones, GPS, sensors, and many other advanced agricultural technologies may also invoke the enthusiasm and involvement of the younger generation in agriculture.The conference was an excellent forum for those who were involved in scientific disciplines on emerging issues and trends in innovative technology and science. The new era teaches us to become more adaptive and agile to many uncertainties, to enhance cooperation with soft diplomacy, and to develop our confidence in overcoming the problems relating to agriculture such as crop production, soil and water management, plant protection, landscape and urban farming, etc. For that reason, this seminar and congress shared another new perspective on innovative technology in smart agriculture, which is rapidly evolving.The event featured two keynote speakers, four invited speakers, 170 oral presenters, and 56 poster presenters over the course of two days. The participants of this seminar and congress came from many institutions, both national and international. On the third day, we organized a trip for the participants to PT Prima Agro tech, the biggest biological pesticide industry in Indonesia, and mangrove restoration and land reclamation in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia.On behalf of the Organizing Committee, we would like to thank all of the participants who contributed to this seminar and congress, as well as all of our peer reviewers who assisted with the publication process. Special appreciation and recognition are also due to our event sponsors, PT Syngenta Indonesia, PT Prima Agro Tech, PT Sumber Sawit Mas Sarana, Alishter, Indonesia Cropcare Association, CropLife Indonesia, PT Agricon Indonesia, and PT Inti Ever Spring.List of Committee is available in this pdf.

Performance Evaluation of Vertical Discs and Disc Coulters for Conservation Tillage in an Intensive Rice–Wheat Rotation System

As an advanced agricultural production technology, conservation tillage has been developed rapidly and adopted widely for many crops all over the world, but challenges remain with regard to dealing with excessive residues, especially for intensive rice–wheat rotation systems. Most studies to date have been based on a single type of tool and the indoor bin test to explore its performance. Accurate field test data on the tillage performance of different types of tools for conservation tillage are lacking in this area. In this study, five tillage tools were tested in a paddy field with plenty of crop residues to compare their performance. They were three vertical discs with plain disc (PD), notched disc (ND), and rippled disc (RD) and two disc coulters with plain disc coulter (PDC) and notched disc coulter (NDC). All five tools were tested using a specific field test rig at two different working depths of 70 and 100 mm. Tillage forces, straw cutting efficiency, soil disturbance width, and soil cutting depth were measured. The results showed that tool geometry and working depth had a significant impact on tillage performance. The vertical disc performed a higher average straw cutting efficiency, as well as lower tillage forces and lower soil disturbance width than the disc coulter. For straw handling and furrowing operations, RD had the highest straw cutting efficiency, moderate tillage force, and appropriate soil disturbance width among the five tools. For all five tools, the 100 mm working depth results in 40% higher draught force, 39% greater vertical force, and 18% higher straw cutting efficiency on average. For no-tillage seeding in the intensive rice–wheat rotation system, the RD would be a more suitable rotary tool for conservation tillage practice.

Global Aspects of Food Security in the World: Economic Dimensions

Abstract. Introduction. Food security is the basis of national security of any country. The definition of food security is based on four main dimensions, which include the physical availability of food, the economic availability of food, the quality and safety of products, and the environmental sustainability of food production. Thus, if the measurements of the physical availability of food, its quality and environmental safety are mainly related to the sphere of regulation of the system of technologies and sciences related to the production of agricultural products, then the question of the economic availability of food belongs to the sphere of scientific research by economists who develop recommendations for reforming state policy to improve this indicator. The vast majority of studies on the issue of the economic availability of food concern the provision of rational standards of consumption of the nutritional and energy composition of food products. At the same time, the consequences of not complying with these standards of consumption both in the short-term and in the long-term, which lead to the deterioration of the health and productive forces of the population, require a more in-depth study. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to define and analyze the basic aspects of food security through the prism of the economic dimension in order to form a map of bottlenecks in ensuring food security in the world and to find solutions for their elimination. Results. Full provision of food security is possible only under the condition of ensuring its main components: availability, quality, safety of food, as well as economic availability of food products. It is possible to ensure the ability of citizens to purchase the necessary nutrients through a comprehensive policy of increasing the level of real incomes of the population, as well as through the development of agricultural technologies. Decreasing the quality of the diet leads to systemic problems with the health of the population, which affects the composition and quality of labor resources in the country, and, as a result, affects the development of productive forces. Conclusions. The insufficient level of food security, which is based on the economic impossibility of providing adequate nutrition for the population, leads to systemic health problems and reduces productive potential. In addition to the crisis caused by the epidemiological consequences, the outbreak of hostilities in Ukraine led to the deepening of the global economic and food crisis. The significant rapid growth of the consumer price index for food confirms the fact that food prices have risen, which forces many consumers to review their consumption habits. This change in consumption habits often leads to a deterioration of the diet, which in developing countries leads to malnutrition, and in developed countries can serve as a cause of obesity, even among children. To eliminate the negative effects of unhealthy nutrition, states should take care of the use of advanced agricultural technologies that would help ensure high harvests and reduce food prices.

Influencing Factors on Adoption of Modern Agricultural Technology in Developing Economy Countries

The adoption of advanced agricultural technologies is crucial in reducing poverty and improving food security on the developing economy countries. Despite the recognition of its importance, smallholder farmers in developing nations often face obstacles in adopting new technologies, leading to slow uptake. To better understand the factors that impact the use of agricultural technology in these nations, this study seeks to provide insights through a review of previous research on technology adoption. The results of the study highlight several key elements that determine whether or not agricultural technology is adopted, including factors related to the technology itself, the economic situation of farmers, the institutional and organizational affiliations of the farmers, and unique household factors. In order to fully comprehend the complexities involved in the adoption of agricultural technology, future research is recommended to include the perspectives and experiences of farmers. By considering their perceptions of new technologies, the range of factors influencing. The purpose of this paper is to gain a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by smallholder farmers in adopting new technologies and to identify opportunities for improvement. By considering their perceptions of new technologies, the range of factors influencing technology adoption can be broadened, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the subject. Keywords: Agricultural Technology, smallholder farmers, Adoption, developing economy countries, economic situations, household situations. DOI: 10.7176/DCS/13-2-01 Publication date: February 28 th 2023

Features of economic accessibility of food supply of the population

This study is devoted to the analysis of the economic accessibility of food supply to the population. The authors consider the main conditions for access to products, such as their appearance on the market and economic accessibility. The problems of food security and economic accessibility are discussed in the context of the Russian agro-industrial complex. A difficult situation in the industry is revealed, associated with the debt burden of agricultural producers, limited opportunities for modernization and low availability of certain products. To overcome the problems, it is proposed to develop comprehensive strategies, including stimulating agriculture, improving lending, developing cooperation and applying advanced agricultural technologies. This study is of practical importance for the formation of policies aimed at ensuring the economic availability of food and improving the quality of life of the population.