Advanced ACC Research Articles

Faster Clearing of Congestion on Expressways using Advanced Adaptive Cruise Control System

If the current adaptive cruise control systems(hereafter referred to as ACC) is fitted to vehicles running on expressways, the occurrence of congestion will be relieved by maintaining the appropriate following distance. However, it does not have the function of appropriately controlling starting and following of a vehicle in congestion, so it is considered that once congestion has occurred, ACC is not useful for faster clearing of the congestion. Therefore, in this research an advanced ACC is proposed in which the function of starting and following is added to conventional ACC, and an estimate of the extent to which congestion would be relieved by installing this to vehicles was made based on current traffic data. The results indicate that, for example, when 25% of vehicles are installed with advanced ACC, the congestion volume would be relieved by about 40%. This shows that faster clearing of congestion can be achieved by increasing the use of advanced ACC.

Vehicle tracking using a generic multi-sensor fusion approach

This paper tackles the problem of improving the robustness of vehicle detection for advanced ACC and obstacle detection applications. Our approach is based on a multi-sensor data fusion for vehicle detection and tracking. Our architecture combines two sensors: a frontal camera and a 2D laser scanner. Improving robustness stems from two aspects. First, the vision-based detection by developing a multi-algorithm approach enhanced with a genetic AdaBoost-based algorithm for vehicle recognition is addressed. Then, the transferable belief model and evidence theory as a fusion framework to combine confidence levels delivered by the algorithms in order to improve the classification are used. The architecture of the system is very modular, generic and flexible: it could be used for other detection applications or using other sensors or algorithms providing the same outputs. The system was successfully implemented on a prototype vehicle and was evaluated under real conditions and over various multi-sensor databases and various test scenarios.

Final response data of a phase II study of capecitabine and oxaliplatin (CAPOX) in advanced adenocarcinoma of the small bowel or ampulla of Vater

4538 Background: Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) and ampullary adenocarcinoma (AAC) are rare tumors. There is limited information regarding chemotherapy in advanced disease and no current standard of care. Methods: Patients with either metastatic or locally advanced unresectable SBA or AAC with adequate organ function, performance status (PS) ≤2 and measurable disease per RECIST were enrolled from 11/04 to 7/07. Prior use of 5-FU either as adjuvant therapy or as a radiosensitizer was allowed. CAPOX was administered as a 21 day cycle with oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 IV on day 1 and capecitabine 750 mg/m2 PO BID days 1- 14. The planned sample size was 30 and the primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR). Results: Thirty patients (12 AAC and 18 SBA) have been treated and 29 are evaluable for response. Patients had either locally advanced (5) or metastatic disease (25) and 5 had prior adjuvant 5-FU. The median age was 62 years (41–79); 40% females; 97% PS of 0–1. The median number of cycles administered was 5 (1 to 11); 4 patients remain on treatment. Common grade 3/4 toxicities included fatigue (7), neuropathy (2), granulocytopenia (3), vomiting (3), diarrhea (3), thrombocytopenia (2), and hypokalemia (2). Fifteen patients, 5 AAC and 10 SBA, had a confirmed response with an ORR of 52% (95% CI 33 to 71%); 11 patients had stable disease (SD). Six patients (20%) are currently without evidence of disease. Three patients with metastatic disease are alive in complete remission (CR), two following CAPOX alone and a third following consolidative radiation, at 31, 28, and 21 months, respectively. Three patients with locally advanced disease with SD or PR to CAPOX have since undergone surgery and are alive without evidence of disease at 8, 10, and 20 months. Median PFS is 9.8 m (95% CI 4.7 to 30+m). Twelve patients have died. With a median follow-up of 12.1 months, median overall survival is 20.3 m (95% CI 13 to 30+m). Conclusions: This prospective trial demonstrates that CAPOX delivered to good PS patients with advanced SBA or ACC is well tolerated and leads to the highest response rate and median survival ever reported from prospective trials in these tumor types. We believe, CAPOX should be considered the new standard regimen for advanced SBA and AAC. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration sanofi-aventis

Therapy of rAd-p53 with chemotherapy for advanced oral carcinoma by selective intra-arterial infusion

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and therapeutic effects of selective intra-arterial rAd-p53 infusion combined with chemotherapy for advanced oral carcinoma. Methods: Thirty-six patients with advanced SCC or ACC in oral region were subdivided into two groups. All patients underwent unilateral or bilateral retrograde selective catheterization of ECA. Through the arterial pumps, rAd-p53 combined with chemothereutic agents was administrated to group I (7 patients), rAd-p53 was administrated to group II (6 patients), and chemothereutic agents were administrated to group III (10 patients).

47. A Combination Therapy of Selective Intraarterial Gendicine Infusion with Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Carcinoma

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and curative effect of selective intraarterial rAd-p53 infusion combined with chemotherapy for locally advanced HNC, 23 patients were enrolled into a prospective clinical phase II study. Materials and Method: Twenty-three patients with locoregionally advanced SCC or ACC were subdivided into three groups. All patients underwent unilateral or bilateral retrograde selective catheterization of ECA. Through the arterial pumps, rAd-p53 combined with chemotherapeutic agents was administrated to group I (7 patients), rAd-p53 was administrated to group II (6 patients), and chemotherapeutic agents were administrated to group III Results: The complete response (CR) rate of group I (28.57%) was higher than that of group II (16.67%) and group III (10%).

Chemotherapy in the management of metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma: A systematic review

5581 Background: Adenoid cystic carcinomas [ACC] originate from a variety of sites, most commonly from the salivary glands. While generally not curable once metastatic, the disease course may be protracted and indolent. The precise role of systemic therapy [ST] in the management of advanced ACC is controversial. Methods: A systematic search of the medical literature was performed to find reports of ST for metastatic ACC. Outcomes of interest included antitumor activity (rates and durations of objective responses and stable disease), and symptom improvement. Clinical trial quality was assessed using the methodological scoring system for phase II/III trials of the European Lung Cancer Working Party [ELCWP], in which 100 is the highest score possible. Evidence-based recommendations were developed for the management of metastatic ACC. Results: 27 reports (3 retrospective reviews, 7 of single agents, 15 of combination chemotherapy regimens, 2 of imatinib) were included. Trial ELCWP scores were highly variable (median 49, range 22 to 81). Higher response rates [RR] were reported by retrospective reviews and trials of lower quality. While doxorubicin is often recommended as an active agent in ACC, little data exist for this as a single agent. Modest activity was seen with single-agent mitoxantrone and vinorelbine (both RR 10 - 15%), and cisplatin-anthracycline based combination chemotherapy regimens (RR up to 30%). Combination therapy may lead to higher RR, but is not clearly superior to single-agent treatment with regard to survival. There are insufficient prospective data to support the use of imatinib (0 major responses in 25 patients [pts]), other targeted agents, paclitaxel (0 major responses in 14 pts) or hormonal therapies. Symptom improvement was observed in some pts, including those without an objective response. Conclusions: The evidence in support of the efficacy of any ST for metastatic ACC is limited. ST should be reserved for those pts with disease-related symptoms or rapidly progressive disease. Single-agent mitoxantrone or vinorelbine, and cisplatin-anthracycline based combination therapy are reasonable choices. Enrollment of pts into high quality trials is needed to define the usefulness of ST in ACC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.