Adsorption Properties Research Articles

Unifying thermochemistry concepts in computational heterogeneous catalysis.

Thermophysical properties of adsorbates and gas-phase species define the free energy landscape of heterogeneously catalyzed processes and are pivotal for an atomistic understanding of the catalyst performance. These thermophysical properties, such as the free energy or the enthalpy, are typically derived from density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Enthalpies are species-interdependent properties that are only meaningful when referenced to other species. The widespread use of DFT has led to a proliferation of new energetic data in the literature and databases. However, there is a lack of consistency in how DFT data is referenced and how the associated enthalpies or free energies are stored and reported, leading to challenges in reproducing or utilizing the results of prior work. Additionally, DFT suffers from exchange-correlation errors that often require corrections to align the data with other global thermochemical networks, which are not always clearly documented or explained. In this review, we introduce a set of consistent terminology and definitions, review existing approaches, and unify the techniques using the framework of linear algebra. This set of terminology and tools facilitates the correction and alignment of energies between different data formats and sources, promoting the sharing and reuse of ab initio data. Standardization of thermochemistry concepts in computational heterogeneous catalysis reduces computational cost and enhances fundamental understanding of catalytic processes, which will accelerate the computational design of optimally performing catalysts.

Preparation and Adsorption Properties of a Three-Dimensional Superhydrophilic Mercury-Ion-Imprinted Polymer with Dual Recognition Site Based on MoS2/SBA-15.

Water pollution resulting from Hg(II) ions has garnered significant global concern for public health. The flexibility and simplicity of design, cost savings, and ease of operation with adaptive designs provide adsorption with a considerable advantage over other processes. However, MoS2 is hydrophobic in nature, which limits its efficiency in the removal of Hg(II) ions from water. Therefore, the incorporation of hydrophilic SBA-15 as supporting material, combined with a nanoflower-like layered MoS2 and its highly reactive exposed edges, produces hydrophilic properties that effectively eliminate Hg(II) from water . A mercury-ion-imprinted polymer (Hg(II)-IIP) was synthesized on the MoS2/SBA-15 surface using N-allylthiourea (ATU) as a functional monomer to enhance material selectivity and create dual recognition sites. Characterization investigation using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and water contact angle showed the successful synthesis of Hg(II)-IIP, excellent hydrophilicity, and close interaction between MoS2 and SBA-15. The maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II)-IIP for Hg(II) under optimized adsorption conditions was 567.78 mg·g-1 in 90 min, which was 6 times greater than that of the IIP solely based only on SBA-15, and followed by pseudo-second-order and aligned more closely fits with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity of the synthesized Hg(II)-IIP was greater than that of three other common monomers IIP. Hg(II)-IIP possesses a strong ability to regenerate, while also showing better selectivity for Hg(II) in the presence of other interfering ions, indicating its robust anti-interference capability in the multivariate mixed solution. The analysis of the actual sample indicated that Hg(II)-IIP attained recoveries between 97.92 and 100.28% in water samples. Theoretical calculations using density functional theory (DFT) and frontier molecular orbital (FMO) indicated that the binding energy of the sulfur atom forming a tetra-ligand with Hg(II) on ATU was 0.6511 eV greater than that of a diligand. The energy gap was determined to be 0.1550 eV, supporting the preference for S-Hg tetra-ligand adsorption.

Antibacterial effect of new photocatalytically active "complex oxides/PMMA" composites under visible-light irradiation.

New photocatalytic materials based on complex oxides and a widely used and cheap polymer (PMMA) have been prepared. Among complex oxides previously investigated, the following have been used-RbTe1.5W0.5O6, CsTeMoO6, CsV0.625Te1.375O6, NaVMoO6, KVMoO6. For comparison, the binary oxides TiO2 and WO3 were used. The form of PMMA matrix was used as sponge and glass. The amount of powder in PMMA was selected based on retaining the polymer properties and getting the photocatalytic activity, which corresponds to 1% powder in sponge and 0.5% in glass. The "photocatalyst/PMMA" composites decompose the methylene blue under visible and UV light as well as possess antibacterial properties. The high electron-hole recombination was found out for composites photocatalysts, which significantly influences only on organic compounds decomposition in solutions. However, there is no direct dependence between effective photodegradation of simple organic molecules and antimicrobial properties. Inactivation of bacteria is determined by many factors such as active generated radicals, adsorption properties of the surface and the photocatalyst form, which can change the main active radicals. The comparison of photocatalytic action on organic solutions and bacteria of initial powders and PMMA composites allow choosing the most effective combination for further application. The most promising antimicrobial properties for composites have been obtained using compounds with β-pyrochlore structure.

A first principles study of BiSb monolayer: A novel gas sensor for robotic applications

This study, based on density functional theory (DFT) and non-equilibrium Green's functions, systematically analyzes the structural stability and adsorption behavior of gases (CO, CO2, NH3, Cl2, and CH4) on BiSb monolayers, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for environmental sensors in post-earthquake disaster relief robots. The optimal structures, electron density difference (EDD), electron localization function (ELF), density of states (DOS), band gap, and other adsorption properties of the adsorption systems were examined to elucidate the interactions between gas molecules and the BiSb monolayer. Theoretical results indicate that the adsorption process is exothermic, characterized by negative adsorption energy. Furthermore, the analysis shows that BiSb monolayers exhibit high selectivity for gas adsorption, the adsorption strength follows the order: Cl2 > CO > NH3 > CO2 > CH4. Theoretically, BiSb monolayers hold promise for developing novel gas sensors and adsorbents, applicable to real-time monitoring, search, and rescue operations in post-earthquake scenarios for robotic applications.

Optimized single-bath dyeing of bio-based nylon 56/cotton blends with vat dyes: Mechanistic insights and process enhancements

Nylon 56/cotton (N/C) blended fabrics have excellent durability and can cater to various clothing needs. However, the quality and value of textile garments are significantly influenced by the dyeing process. Due to variations in the structure and characteristics of nylon 56 and cotton fibers in blended fabrics, achieving consistent coloration is challenging, resulting in noticeable color discrepancies. To tackle these issues, this study focused on dyeing nylon 56/cotton blended fabrics in a single bath using vat dyes. The three primary colors of the vat dyes were selected to be suitable for these fabrics. Subsequently, the study explored the impact of different factors on color consistency and optimized the dyeing process conditions using response surface methodology. The findings revealed that fabrics dyed using the optimized process exhibited vibrant colors, uniformity, and excellent colorfastness to soaping and rubbing, surpassing standard requirements. Furthermore, the study delved into the dyeing mechanism of nylon 56/cotton blended fabrics, analyzing the kinetic and thermodynamic properties of dye adsorption on fibers. This analysis aims to provide a theoretical foundation for developing a rational dyeing process and offer guidance for practical production.

Hydrogenation Reaction Mechanisms on Ni-Doped MoS2 Catalysts: A Density Functional Theory Study of Sulfur Edge Engineering and Coregulated Electronic Effects.

Precise modulation of local interatomic interactions affecting the electronic structure is an important method to control the catalytic activity and reaction pathways. In this study, we focused on the hydrogenation reaction of naphthalene and employed density functional theory calculations to investigate the specific influence of electronic effects triggered by the coregulation of Ni and sulfur edge engineering on the hydrogenation performance of Ni-doped MoS2 at different edge sulfur coverages (Ni-MoS2-X-θs). Our findings reveal that the interaction between Ni and S in the catalyst matrix material modifies the local electronic structure surrounding the sulfur atoms in the active site. Notably, Ni doping facilitates significant electron transfer, altering the charge and the electronic states at the catalyst edge. This, in turn, affects the adsorption capacity and reactivity of the catalyst, thereby reducing the energy barrier of the hydrogenation reaction. Furthermore, we paid particular attention to the modulation of catalytic activity and reaction pathways under the Eley-Rideal (E-R) mechanism. Interestingly, the sulfur coverage exhibited a nonlinear relationship with the adsorption and activation properties of the probe molecule. Typically, changes in the Mo edge sulfur coverage probability of Ni-MoS2-X-θs have a greater impact on the activation properties. Through comprehensive studies, we demonstrated that both compositional and structural factors must be considered when tailoring the catalytic performance. Importantly, adjusting the ratio of marginal sulfur atoms to metal atoms to 1:1 can effectively enhance the catalytic activity. This study provides valuable insights into the electronic effects regulating the hydrogenation reaction activity of MoS2-based catalysts. It also opens the way for the rational design of novel hydrogenation catalysts, offering a new strategy for optimizing the catalytic performance.

Effects of Manganese Carbonate Addition on the Carbocatalytic Properties of Lignocellulosic Waste for Use in the Degradation of Acetaminophen

A carbon-based material was synthesized using potato peels (BPP) and banana pseudo-stems (BPS), both of which were modified with manganese to produce BPP-Mn and BPS-Mn, respectively. These materials were assessed for their ability to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) in the presence of MnCO3 to degrade acetaminophen (ACE), an emerging water contaminant. The materials underwent characterization using spectroscopic, textural, and electrochemical techniques. Manganese served a dual function: enhancing adsorption properties and facilitating the breaking of peroxide bonds. Additionally, carbonate ions played a structural role in the materials, transforming into CO2 at high temperatures and thereby increasing material porosity, which improved adsorption capabilities. This presents a notable advantage for materials that have not undergone de-lignification. Among the materials tested, BPS exhibited the highest efficiency in the carbocatalytic degradation of ACE, achieving a synergy index of 1.31 within just 5 min, with 42% ACE degradation in BPS compared to BPS-Mn, which achieved 100% ACE removal through adsorption. Reactive oxygen species such as sulfate, hydroxyl, and superoxide anion radicals were identified as the primary contributors to pollutant degradation. In contrast, no degradation was observed for BPP and BPP-Mn, which is likely linked to the lower lignin content in their precursor material. This work addressed the challenge of revalorizing lignocellulosic waste by highlighting its potential as an oxidant for emerging pollutants. Furthermore, the study demonstrated the coexistence of various reactive oxygen species, confirming the capacity of carbon-based matrices to activate PMS.

Modified Fly Ash as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Pharmaceutical Residues from Water

In this work, different methods for fly ash modification were applied to obtain an adsorbent for the efficient removal of selected pharmaceuticals from a multiclass aqueous solution. Morphological and surface properties of the modified fly ash samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and point of zero charge, and the influence of the applied modifications was determined by comparison with the results obtained for unmodified fly ash. Experimental parameters of the adsorption of the pharmaceutical onto the modified fly ash were optimized, and special attention was paid to the influence of different parameters on the adsorption capacities. Multivariate methods of analysis, such as artificial neural networks, applied to the obtained results showed that the contact time, the initial concentration of the pharmaceutical solution, and the pH value had the strongest influence on the adsorption process. Fly ash modified with chitosan and magnetic iron oxide showed the best adsorption properties (removal efficiency above 80% for the majority of the selected pharmaceuticals), and artificial neural networks confirmed its susceptibility to the modeling process.

Molecular Imprinting as a Tool for Exceptionally Selective Gas Separation in Nanoporous Polymers.

The alarming rise in atmospheric CO2 levels, primarily driven by fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes, has become a major contributor to global climate change. Effective CO2 capture technologies are urgently needed, particularly for the selective removal of CO2 from industrial gas streams, such as flue gas and biogas, which often contain impurities like N2 and CH4. In this study, we report the design and synthesis of novel molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) using 4-vinylpyridine (4VP) and methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomers, and thiophene (Th) and formaldehyde (HC) as molecular templates. The MIPs were specifically engineered to create selective molecular cavities within a nanoporous polymer matrix for the efficient capture of CO2. By adjusting the molar ratios of the template to functional monomers, we optimized the molecular imprinting process to enhance CO2 selectivity over N2 and CH4. The resulting MIPs exhibited outstanding performance, with a maximum CO2/N2 selectivity of 153 at 25 bar and CO2/CH4 selectivity of 25.3 at 1 bar, significantly surpassing previously reported porous polymers and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) under similar conditions. Furthermore, we conducted heat of adsorption studies, which revealed the strong and selective interaction of CO2 with the imprinted cavities, confirming the superior adsorption properties of the synthesized MIPs. The study demonstrates that molecular imprinting can effectively enhance both CO2 capture capacity and selectivity, providing a cost-efficient and scalable solution for industrial CO2 separation and purification processes.

DFT study of the adsorption properties and sensitivity of a B2N monolayer toward harmful gases

In this study, we investigate the adsorption of harmful gases - CO, NO, NO2, SO2, and O3 molecules - on a B2N monolayer using periodic density functional theory. The adsorption energy values for the CO/B2N, NO/B2N, NO2/B2N, SO2/B2N, and O3/B2N complexes are determined to be -1.96, -1.39, -1.80, -0.70, and − 2.36 eV, respectively. The B2N monolayer has the ability to adsorb harmful gas molecules, even in humid air, and displays favorable adsorption energy and standard recovery time when exposed to SO2 gas. Consequently, the impact of SO2 gases on the transmission characteristics of the B2N monolayer has been assessed through current-voltage analysis. These findings are of great importance as they serve to demonstrate the remarkable sensing capabilities of a B2N monolayer in efficiently detecting SO2 gas. The desorption time for CO, NO, NO2, and O3 molecules is quite long, thereby indicating the remarkable stability of the B2N sheet for adsorption of these gases. The current study offer valuable insights for further research into the potential utilization of B2N monolayers in long-term monitoring and gas purification applications, specifically in relation to four toxic gases: CO, NO, NO2, and O3.

Performance and mechanism of ‘coagulation co-adsorption’ on simultaneous reduction of turbidity and low-fluoride pollution by a polymer metal-based defluorination and turbidity-removal agent (PMDTA)

ABSTRACT A polymer metal-based defluorination and turbidity-removal agent (PMDTA) was prepared using a poly-Si–Fe coagulant (PSF) and aluminum. Simultaneous reduction of turbidity and fluoride by PMDTA was studied using the ‘coagulation co-adsorption (CcA)’ method for the simulated and real low-fluoride waters, respectively, compared with that by PSF. The surface and bond structures, charged properties, and size of PMDTA and its flocs were explored, and the mechanism of removing turbidity and fluoride was analyzed. The results showed PMDTA decreased fluoride to <1 mg/L (PSF could not), but both decreased turbidity to <0.5 NTU. PMDTA adapted to a wider initial turbidity, humid acid (HA), NaCl, and temperature. PMDTA had similar bond structures to PSF, more complex surface structures than PSF, and higher surface space and adsorption sites than PSF. Filtration had almost no impact on fluoride removal, but gave positive impact on turbidity removal. The removal mechanisms of fluoride and turbidity were different: the former was mainly removed through adsorption on PMDTA-flocs (controlled by their forming conditions) having efficient adsorption properties, and the latter was mainly cleared through a synergistic effect of the Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory (classic coagulation mechanism). The efficient fluoride removal by PMDTA can fully utilize the existing facilities in water plants.

Potential NO2 gas-sensing performance of (Cr, Mo, W)-doped VO-Ti3C2O2-MXenes: a first-principles study

Abstract Typical Ti3C2O2 MXenes materials have been widely studied in the field of gas sensors due to their excellent properties in optoelectronics. The adsorption properties of four gases (NO2, NO, NH3, H2O) on the intrinsic Ti3C2O2, Ti3C2O2 with oxygen vacancy (VO-Ti3C2O2) and (Cr, Mo, W) doped VO-Ti3C2O2 were studied by density functional theory (DFT). The geometric structure, molecular dynamics, adsorption energy, differential charge density, and band structure of four gas molecules (NO2, NO, NH3, H2O) adsorbed in the intrinsic Ti3C2O2, VO-Ti3C2O2, and (Cr, Mo, W) doped VO-Ti3C2O2 were analyzed systematically. The results show that the adsorption energy and charge transfer properties of the VO-Ti3C2O2 doped with Cr, Mo, W are stronger than those of the intrinsic Ti3C2O2. Among them, the maximum adsorption energy of W-doped Ti3C2O2 for NO2 adsorption is −7.67 eV. Therefore, the inclusion of metal atoms in Ti3C2O2 material can improve the adsorption and selectivity of NO2 and other gases. In addition, W-doped Ti3C2O2 MXenes is a promising material for NO2 gas detection.

Advances in Molecular Dynamics-Based Characterization of Water and Ion Adsorption and Transport in C-S-H Gels

Cementitious material durability is affected by the transport and adsorption of water molecules and ions in the nanopore channels of cement hydration products. Hydrated calcium silicate (C-S-H) accounts for about 70% of the hydration product. It determines the mechanical properties of cementitious materials and their internal transport properties. The molecular dynamics method provides a complementary understanding of experimental and theoretical results. It can further reveal water molecules and ions’ adsorption and transport mechanisms in C-S-H gel pores. This review article provides an overview of the current state of research on the structure of C-S-H gels and the adsorption and transport properties of water molecules and ions within C-S-H gels, as studied through molecular dynamics simulations. This paper summarizes the results of the molecular dynamics-based adsorption transport properties of water molecules and ions in C-S-H gels. The deficiencies in the current study were analyzed, and the fundamental problems to be solved and further research directions were clarified to provide scientific references for revealing the structural properties of C-S-H gels using molecular dynamics.

Microcrystalline cellulose modified chitosan aerogels to enhance Congo Red dye adsorption

Carbohydrate based aerogels were synthesized via a straightforward procedure including freeze-drying of chitosan (Ch) hydrogels of different concentrations cross-linked with glutaraldehyde and incorporating microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) powder to enhance mechanical strength and modify adsorption properties. The increase in Ch content and the incorporation of MCC resulted in samples that exhibited higher densities, lower swelling degrees and accessible porosities while demonstrated improved stabilities. These aerogels were evaluated as adsorbents of the textile dye Congo Red (CR) by isothermal and kinetic studies. Even when relatively simple theoretical models were used to predict these results, in order to eliminate modeling bias, a validation method based on error functions in addition to the more commonly used R2, was applied. Equilibrium adsorption capacities obtained in kinetic studies increased 150 % changing Ch concentration from 4 % to 5 %, and 196 % adding 50 % by weight of MCC. The adsorption tests for initial concentrations of CR below 100 mg/L demonstrated that the aerogels exhibited increased adsorption capacity for higher Ch content or incorporation of MCC. Thermodynamic studies indicated enhanced adsorption at higher temperatures. These environmentally friendly aerogels demonstrated comparable or superior adsorption capacities to other bio-based materials, offering a simple, economical, and effective solution for pollutant removal.

Hybrid Chitosan Biosorbents: Tunable Adsorption at Surface and Micropore Domains

Herein, we report a study that provides new insight on the knowledge gaps that relate to the role of biopolymer structure and adsorption properties for chitosan adsorbents that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde. The systematic modification of chitosan cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (CG) and its quaternized forms (QCG) was studied in relation to the reaction conditions: mole ratios of reactants and pH conditions. Complementary adsorbent characterization employed 13C NMR/FTIR spectroscopy, TGA and DSC, point-zero-charge (PZC), solvent swelling, and sorption studies using selected dye probes. The spectral and thermal techniques provide complementary evidence that affirm the key role of cross-linker content and quaternization on variation of the physicochemical properties of chitosan. The PZC results reveal a neutral surface charge for the modified materials between pH 6.0 to 6.3 ± 0.3, as compared with pH 8.7 ± 0.4 for pristine chitosan. Solvent swelling in water decreased with greater cross-linking, while the QCG materials had greater swelling over CG materials due to enhanced hydration. The adsorption results reveal variable dye uptake properties according to the cross-linker content. Similarly, surface versus micropore adsorption was demonstrated, according to the nature and ionization state of the dye for the modified adsorbents, where the CG and QCG materials had tunable sorption properties that exceeded that of unmodified chitosan. A key step in tuning the structure and surface chemical properties of cross-linked chitosan involves pH control during synthesis. The facile tunability of the physicochemical properties of the modified biopolymers reported herein means that they possess features of biomimetics that are relevant to advanced drug delivery, antimicrobial materials for wound healing, biosensors, and biosorbents for biomedical applications.

Exploring the Chemical Permeation Resistance and Surface Adsorption Properties of Polyurethane Coatings.

This work explores the adsorption and permeation of chemical warfare agents on polymer coatings to assess their protective potential. Two highly cross-linked aliphatic polyurethanes (PUs) were synthesized from two diisocyanate trimers, and their adsorption and permeation of dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) and 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) were analyzed using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation and gas chromatography. The study revealed distinct adsorption properties for each agent and the PU. CEES, with higher polarity, exhibited greater readsorption compared to DMMP. IPtri-PU (alicyclic structure) showed negligible desorption and resorption, resulting in minimal permeation, unlike Htri-PU (aliphatic structure). Thus, alicyclic PUs are more promising for reducing adsorption and permeation.

Preparation of amyloid N-terminal nonapeptide imprinted monolithic column and evaluation of adsorption properties

A novel β-amyloid protein capillary microextraction column was designed and prepared using epitope molecular imprinting technology for specific recognition of trace β-amyloid proteins in complex biological matrices. Using N-terminal nonapeptide of β-amyloid protein as template molecule, choline chloride-MAA and N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide as functional monomers, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as crosslinker, the imprinted capillary monolithic column was prepared by thermal polymerization in the acetonitrile-water system. The optimal preparation parameters were obtained with the ratio of template: functional monomer: crosslinker at 1:6:16 (mmol/mmol/mmol). The physical property evaluation through Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, zeta potential analysis, particle size analysis, and Brunauer-emmett-teller showed that a porous imprinted monolithic column with a high specific surface area was successfully prepared. The static adsorption experiment showed that the theoretical maximum adsorption capacity was 0.060 μg/column and the optimal imprinting factor was 2.27. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the imprinted column exhibited good template selectivity and excellent robustness. Finally, the extraction efficiency of the capillary imprinted column in actual plasma was evaluated using ELISA method. For Aβ 40 and Aβ 42, the detection limits were 1.00 pg/mL and 0.67 pg/mL, the quantification limits were 3.00 pg/mL and 2.00 pg/mL, the detection ranges were 7.5–120.0 pg/mL and 5.0–80.0 pg/mL, respectively. After extraction of plasma samples, the measured concentrations of Aβ 40 and Aβ 42 by imprinted column were 157.31 pg/mL and 48.22 pg/mL, respectively, which were significantly higher than the measured concentrations by non-imprinted column of 89.60 pg/mL and 41.02 pg/mL. In summary, the epitope imprinted capillary monolithic column prepared in this study can effectively enrich and separate trace amounts of amyloid proteins in complex samples, and is expected to provide a new sample pretreatment method for clinical detection of amyloid proteins.

Ordered mesoporous SiO2 as hemoperfusion adsorbents for enhanced selectivity of bilirubin removal from blood

Excessive bilirubin poses a significant risk factor in the progression of chronic liver disease. However, due to its nature as an albumin-bound toxin, bilirubin cannot be efficiently eliminated through conventional hemodialysis therapy or existing hemoperfusion adsorbents, presenting a challenge in selective removal. It is widely acknowledged that adjusting the pore properties of adsorbents can impact the adsorption efficiency of a hemoperfusion adsorbent. However, few studies have been working on improving the selectivity of bilirubin removal through precise regulation of pore size. In this paper, we aim to demonstrate that the selectivity of bilirubin removal can be achieved and enhanced by fine-tuning the pore size of ordered mesoporous materials. Ordered mesoporous SiO2 (OMS) is selected as the research object due to its highly organized and uniform porous structure, as well as its excellent biocompatibility. The results indicate that OMS nanoparticles with a pore diameter of 2.5 nm (OMS-2.5 nm) exhibit superior adsorption capacity for bilirubin in both pure and albumin-rich solutions, suggesting the potential for achieving efficient and selective bilirubin removal through pore size optimization. Furthermore, to demonstrate the feasibility of OMS nanoparticles in practical applications (i.e. their inheritability of selectivity), we engineered OMS nanoparticles into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) microspheres, forming OMS/PVA composite microspheres. The incorporation of OMS nanoparticles significantly enhances the bilirubin adsorption capacity of PVA microspheres while simultaneously reducing their albumin adsorption. The excellent selective adsorption efficacy of OMS-2.5 nm is preserved in the composite microspheres, underscoring its potential therapeutic benefits for treating diseases with excessive bilirubin levels.

Use of Adsorption Properties of Resin for Water Sample Preparation in Voltammetric Determination of Se(IV) Using Bismuth Microelectrode

Use of Adsorption Properties of Resin for Water Sample Preparation in Voltammetric Determination of Se(IV) Using Bismuth Microelectrode

MicroRNA Triggered Dimerization of DNA Tetrahedron for Enhanced Biosensing Performance of Solid-State Nanochannels Functionalized with MoS2 Nanosheets.

Solid-state nanochannels (SSN) have great development potential as a biosensing interface. The integration of two-dimensional nanomaterials with nanochannels endows SSN with diverse properties, including distinguishing DNA nanostructures. In this study, by modifying MoS2 nanosheets, the outer surface of SSN could be endowed with robust adsorption properties for single-stranded DNA. Therefore, DNA tetrahedrons connected with single-stranded DNA could remain on the SSN surface, whereas DNA tetrahedron dimers with full double-stranded structures formed by the presence of target microRNA cannot be retained on the surface of nanochannels. The change in the DNA nanostructure generated by the target recognition process could cause variations of steric hindrance and electrostatic repulsion on the surface of the SSN. The variations were reflected by the free diffusion flux of [Fe(CN)6]3-. Then, the sensitive electrochemical detection method for microRNA was established, and the detection limit of the method for microRNA-31 was as low as 0.5 fM. The study provided a promising approach for the ultrasensitive detection of biomarkers, thereby offering potential means for early diagnosis of the related diseases.