RFID Adoption Research Articles

State of the Art on Secure and Low Cost RFID Authentication Protocols for RFID Based Vehicle License Plate

Abstract RFID technology has many potential applications that would ease object identification seamlessly. One of its potential benefits to government is the adoption of RFID tag as embedded smart material within vehicle license plate. However, adoption of RFID in vehicle license plate is fragile from various RFID attacks while efforts to improve its security will lead to additional cost. Enhancing RFID security without extra cost poses new challenges to researchers in the area. This study aims to provide a state of the art on RFID authentication protocols under low cost restriction as a foundation for decision maker for further development stage of RFID based vehicle license plate. In depth analysis is performed by assessing the protocols according to three features namely data protection, tracking prevention, and forward security. Finally, it is concluded that the protocols are vary in satisfying three aspects of security features.

Key performance indicators of the impact of radio frequency identification technologies on supply chain management

Although the benefits of Radio Frequency Identification Technologies (RFID) are quite well known, they are still scarce applications to agriculture and food supply chains. The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which the adoption of RFID can improve supply chain performance in agri-food supply chains. The methodology was a case study of a fruit cooperative using semi-structured interviews and other sources of evidence in order to examine the supply chain performance before and after the RFID implementation. Benefits from the RFID implementation were classified into two broad categories: strategic and operation ones. Strategic benefits included: reduction of the warehouse costs; reduction of total lead time from production to sales; improvement of customer relationship management; improved recall management. Operational benefits included: Better handling of unforeseen events; reducing lead times in warehousing and inventory; improved quality control.

Factors Affecting RFID Adoption in Chinese Manufacturing Firms: An Investigation Using AHP

The aim of this study is to determine and prioritise factors affecting RFID adoption in Chinese manufacturing firms. Using six case studies and employing the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approach this study suggests that the critical factors affecting RFID adoption are top management support, hardware & software cost, tag cost, industry force, and compatibility. These factors belong to soft factor-category as well as hard factor-category. For effective adoption of RFID technology management of the manufacturing firms must take these factors into account.

Impact of RFID on the Retail Value Chain: An Exploratory Study Using a Mixed Method Approach

While several large retailers have mandated RFID deployment across their value chains, the case for RFID adoption in retail still remains uncertain. This paper aims at providing a realistic perspective of the immense potential of RFID, taking adoption drivers, potential benefits, and implementation challenges into account. In this paper, a mixed methodological approach is used that caters to the exploratory nature of the work to quantitatively analyze RFID adoption drivers, benefits, and implementation challenges. First content analysis is applied to analyze academic and trade articles to come up with key issues and concepts. The results from the content analysis acted as input for a Delphi study which is the second methodology. The combined results from the two methods provide deep insights and enhance understanding of important implementation issues related to RFID adoption in the retail sector and also aid in drawing meaningful managerial conclusions.

Abstracts, Poster Presentation

Scenario Planning (SP) is a powerful methodology initially developed as a strategic management tool for commercial companies and is now widely used in policy settings, for future focused research in urban planning, energy production and disaster management, amongst others. It is, we believe, is also highly relevant to healthcare policy and management. SP has however been described as suffering from methodological chaos (Martelli, 2001). Also, much of the methodological development of SP is set in the practitioner domain. Researchers need to use this learning but in ways that meet academic standards. This paper presents a critical review of Scenario Planning (SP) as a research methodology, considering SP as a research strategy, associated methods and criteria by which SP may be evaluated. The review is framed around a practical example – a study to investigate the (non)adoption of RFID in the English health service. Currently, RFID adoption in the NHS is limited to isolated pilot projects. Assessment of potential costs and benefits and adoption trajectories requires an understanding of ‘alternative futures’, developed using a wide range of sources and techniques. This paper’s contribution to healthcare management research is the evaluation of SP as powerful planning and research tool, with suggestions on how certain practical challenges may be addressed. The contribution to futures studies is in a closer alignment of the methods of SP to the standards of high quality research. We welcome the opportunity to discuss the potential contribution of SP research to healthcare management in domains beyond IT/IS adoption.

가치 중심 사고를 적용한 RFID 시스템의 가치 모형 개발

Recently, more and more firms are considering the adoption of RFID technology because it is expected to make process automation easier and has many different application areas. A review of existing studies about RFID adoption methodology shows that the most of the proposed methodologies are mainly based on economic evaluations. However, in the near future when the adoption and diffusion of RFID become major forces among business firms, it would surely have some limits to decide its adoption solely on the basis of economic considerations. In order for all the important strategic objectives to be considered during the major decision processes, it is necessary to make explicit what the decision makers really want to achieve from the RFID system. In this paper, we propose a general value model of RFID system which can provide an overall vision of all values RFID adoption may offer and a way to search and evaluate alternatives on the basis of these values. Especially, this model contains not only opportunities but also risks of RFID adoption so that a balanced consideration can be made. The model building process was essentially based on the 'value-focused thinking' approach proposed by R. Keeney. The proposed model is expected to provide insights about what to do in the process of introduction in order to maximize the potential benefits and minimize the negative risks. Referring to this value model, the important decisions would have greater chance to be based on a balanced consideration of opportunities and risks.

The Effect of Factors Influencing RFID Adoption, Expected Benefits and the Moderating Effect of Presence of Champions within the Logistics Industry

The Effect of Factors Influencing RFID Adoption, Expected Benefits and the Moderating Effect of Presence of Champions within the Logistics Industry

Comparing improvement strategies for inventory inaccuracy in a two-echelon supply chain

Classical inventory theory often assumes no discrepancies between recorded inventory and actual inventory. However, inventory records are usually inaccurate due to many reasons in practice. For example, inventory shrinkage refers to the difference between booked inventory that a company should have as a result of its sales, purchasing, and manufacturing processes and actual inventory that it has on hand. This paper concerns the impact of inventory shrinkage to a supply chain and investigates different strategies to deal with inventory shrinkage. We consider a single-period two-echelon supply chain consisting of a Stackelberg manufacturer and a retailer whose inventory is subject to shrinkage errors. Our analysis is based on a single-period newsvendor model and considers the following cases of order decisions: (a) the retailer ignores the inventory errors; (b) the retailer estimates the errors; (c) the retailer shares the inventory error information with the manufacturer; and (d) RFID technology is used to reduce or eliminate the errors. The first case is the base strategy and a common practice for many supply chains, the other two represent certain non-technological strategies of the retailer when dealing with inventory inaccuracy, and the last one represents a technology improvement strategy by the manufacturer to reduce or eliminate inventory shrinkage errors. We compare these improvement strategies and derive critical tag price for RFID implementation as a technological remedy for the inventory inaccuracy problem. Conditions for the profitability of RFID adoption are discussed.

Toward creating competitive advantage with logistics information technology

PurposeSuccessfully implementing and exploiting the right information technologies is critical to maintaining competitiveness in today's supply chain. However, simply adopting off‐the‐shelf technologies may not necessarily induce this competitiveness unless the organization combines these technologies with additional complimentary resources. This study draws on the logistics innovation literature, resource‐advantage theory, and the resource‐based view of the firm with the purpose of investigating performance outcomes of logistics information technology (LIT) adoption and the proposed moderating effect of a complimentary resource. The paper posits that combining LIT with positive buyer‐supplier relationships may set the stage for organizations to achieve competitive advantage.Design/methodology/approachA meta‐analysis of 48 studies that report outcomes of EDI or RFID adoption was performed. Regression was used to investigate the moderating effect of the buyer‐supplier relationship on the relationship between LIT adoption and performance outcomes.FindingsThe findings suggest that adoption of LIT promotes enhanced levels of effectiveness, efficiency, and resiliency for the adopting firm and that the quality of the buyer‐supplier relationship moderates the degree of efficiency and resiliency realized via adoption.Research limitations/implicationsThe results of this study suggest that adoption of a logistics innovation by itself may not necessarily produce a sustained competitive advantage. Instead, when combined with complimentary firm resources, the innovation may yield a sustained competitive advantage for the adopting firm.Originality/valueLogistics innovation needs greater theoretical development in the literature. This research extends a foundational logistics innovation model by incorporating relevant theory to propose and test an additional dimension of the model.

Challenges for building RFID tracking systems across the whole supply chain

Abstract. Eventhoughnumerousarticlesandreallifecaseshavehighlightedthebenefitsofradiofrequencyidentification(RFID)trackingforsupplychainmanagementforalmostadecade,companiesareratherslowto implement the technology. This paper concentrates on researching the reasons for the slow adoptionof RFID tracking in the supply chain management using literature review and multiple case studies asthe research methodology. The literature review of the articles classifies different challenges for RFIDtracking implementation and elicits the academic explanations for the slow acceptance of the technology.The conclusion of the literature review is that most of the published articles have been concentrating onpresenting technological obstacles to RFID tracking implementation, while the problems nowadays areincreasingly organizational or inter-organizational. Also companies usually settle for using RFID trackingto improve their operational processes instead of exploiting the full potential in the technology and theincreased visibility for improving managerial processes of the company, or upgrading the efficiency of thewhole supply chain. In addition to the literature review, five RFID tracking case surveys are presented toprovide experience and insights into managerial decisions concerning supply chain-wide RFID trackingsolutions. Followed by the literature review and case studies, this paper presents a framework, whichsuggests three levels, where different potential challenges to supply chain-wide RFID tracking systemimplementations should be handled: the supply chain, inside a company or inside a certain function.Keywords: RFID, supply chain management, tracking, multiple case study, literature review

공급사슬망 내부에서 RFID 채택과 성과에 영향을 주는 요인과 환경 불확실성의 조절효과에 대한 연구

공급사슬망 관리를 위한 RFID 기술의 도입에 관한 이론적 고찰과 공급사슬 내에서 RFID 기술 도입에 대한 실증적 연구는 매우 제한적이다. 따라서 기업의 경쟁력 재고와 효율적인 공급사슬망 관리를 위해 RFID를 도입하는 기업의 성공적인 구현과 성과 도출을 위한 영향 요인에 대한 연구의 필요성과 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 공급사슬망 내 RFID도입 영향 요인으로 공급사슬망 내의 기업들의 관계특성에 집중한 실증적 연구를 수행하고자 한다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 RFID 도입과 관련된 이론연구들을 바탕으로 기업간 관계요인을 도출한 연구모형을 제시하여 이를 실증적으로 증명할 것이다. 따라서 성공적인 RFID 도입을 위한 공급사슬망 내 기업간의 관계적 요소에는 전략적합도, 상호의존도, 상호호환성, 장기지향성의 4가지 요소를 제안하였고 이러한 요소들이 기업의 RFID 수용에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 살펴보고자 하였다. 또한 공급사슬망 기업 내 관계 요인들과 RFID의 수용 간의 관계에서 환경 불확실성이 조절 요인으로 어떤 역할을 하는지에 대해 살펴보고자 한다. A empirical study investigating firms' attitudes and behaviors regarding of RFID technology within supply chain is very limited. Thus, this study examines the determinants influencing firms' adoption and performance of RFID within the supply chain. Particularly, this study focus on the impacts of the companies' relationship characteristics, including strategic fit, interdependence, compatibility, and long-term orientation affection RFID adoption and performance within the supply chain. Furthermore, the study includes environment uncertainty as a moderating effect between relationship characteristics and RFID adoption. The proposed research model was tested using structural equation modeling from 227 employees. Results of this study support the proposed hypotheses. The implication of this study suggest a new theoretical framework explaining RFID adoption and performance with the supply chain.

Return on investment calculator for RFID ecosystem of high tech company

The use of RFID technology affords an opportunity for greater visibility in the supply chain and further supply chain automation, making the processes more streamlined, providing accurate and timely automatic data capture, thereby improving shipment reliability. This paper provides a case study of an RFID-enabled supply chain ecosystem focusing on a large high tech multi-national corporation based in Singapore. Specifically, the paper provides an implementation framework for the Return on Investment (ROI) calculator which trades off labor cost and productivity gains. The Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) methodology is used to assess the operational level benefits of RFID implementation. We show how scalability is critical for RFID adoption.

The rise of the “next‐generation bar code”: an international RFID adoption study

PurposeThe present study is concerned with the determinants of RFID adoption among a group of early standards adopters. Despite the extensive discussion of the technological characteristics and expected benefits of RFID in the literature, only little is known about the drivers and barriers of RFID implementations in practice. This holds particularly for the later stages of the adoption process after an initial decision in favor of the technology was made. This paper aims to fill this gap by an analysis of a set of factors on the adoption of RFID, which have been shown to be relevant for the adoption of other forms of IT, such as ERP systems and EDI.Design/methodology/approachBased on a review of prior works, this paper constructs and empirically tests a structural model including factors related to the technology, the organization, and its environment.FindingsThe results suggest that top management support, perceived technology costs, and forces within the supply chain exert a significant influence on the adoption process. The study also finds that benefit perceptions have a significant but negative influence, which might be explained by the different modes of adopting RFID. The influence of a number of other factors known from the literature could not be supported by the study.Originality/valuePrior works considered factors influencing the initial adoption decision among non‐adopters. In contrast with these, the focus is set on research on early adopters that have already made a decision in favor of RFID standards. The data underlying this study were collected from EPCglobal, an international association of RFID adopters covering the whole supply chain.

A Two-Dimensional Framework for RFID Adoption and Diffusion: Strategic Implications for Developing

Although there has been a growing interest in studying RFID in various application areas, little research has been undertaken to address applications in developing countries. Among the research that has been undertaken in developing countries, organizational perspectives have received considerable attention but less has been undertaken from other perspectives such as industry and country level. In this paper, a literature study of RFID adoption from different perspectives is presented and focuses on the stages of adoption, level of analysis, and issues of developing countries. A stage-scale (2S) framework is proposed to help identify relevant success factors in RFID adoption and diffusion, as well as its relation to other factors. It is concluded that the proposed framework is useful in providing a broad view of RFID adoption and in observing the dynamic changes in RFID issues from different stages, which is useful for policy and decision makers. Based on this framework, most factors of RFID adoption in developing countries fall within the preliminary stage, while the factors that are shared with developed countries are mostly situated in intermediate stages.

Mapping the benefits and costs associated with process innovation: The case of RFID adoption

The successful implementation of any innovation requires an understanding of its benefits and costs. This study examines the changes in the magnitude of costs and benefits associated with technology process innovation adoption as the innovation diffuses across different industries. Using RFID as an exemplar technology, the study shows that the magnitude of benefits and costs associated with technological process innovation adoption within different industries varies as technology diffuses beyond early adopters to the early majority. During the early stages of technology evolution, the development cost, the cost of capital, ethical costs and simple direct implementation costs (in the form of the cost of tags) predominate. As a dominant design emerges the profile of costs changes with the emphasis on initiation costs, more holistic direct implementation costs and indirect implementation costs. A similar change in the emphasis of benefits is observed, with a shift from direct to indirect benefits being noticeable as the technology moves from early adopters to early majority adopters. Our findings help to explain the difficulties in consistently measuring innovation outcomes observed in the innovation implementation literature, and emphasize the need to take into consideration the stage of technology development as a significant factor that influences the realised outcomes from innovation implementation.

The valuation of RFID investment using fuzzy real option

Net present value (NPV) and return on investment (ROI) are commonly used to evaluate investment in new technologies. Sometimes, however, measuring the value of investment in new IT becomes very difficult due to its wide scope of application coupled with embedded options in its adoption. Therefore, comprehensive but easily understandable methodologies are needed to solve the complicated problems resulting from the complexity of new technologies. This paper employs a real option analysis to evaluate RFID adoption in the supply chain. Real options analysis should be a better way to evaluate a disruptive technology like RFID. However, the pure (probabilistic) real option rule characterizes the present value of expected cash flows and the expected costs by a single number, which is not realistic in many cases. To solve the problem, this paper considers the real option rule in a more realistic setting, namely, when the present values of expected cash flows and expected costs are estimated by trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. Specifically, it drew out their means and variance and presented a method of calculating fuzzy real options through numerical value examples of RFID investment assuming the current value of expected cash flow and investment costs using trapezoid fuzzy number fuzzy real options. Since advanced information technology such as RFID has very high risk and options such as change, extension, delay and withdrawal, etc., investment valuation using the real options technique should be done, and in the process, in a more realistic and practical approach, the fuzzy real options model presented in this study is judged to be useful.

Analytical model of adoption of item level RFID in a two-echelon supply chain with shelf-space and price-dependent demand

We investigate whether it is possible for the manufacturer as well as the retailer to derive economic benefits from item-level RFID. We consider two supply chain contracts. In the first instance the manufacturer sets the wholesale price for his product and in response the retailer sets the retail price and allocates the shelf-space. We find that in this setting item-level RFID is adopted in a decentralized supply chain at the same levels of RFID costs as in an integrated supply chain with a single decision maker. The second case that we consider involves a powerful retailer setting product shelf-space prices. In this setting the manufacturer essentially rents shelf-space from the retailer. We find that in this setting, the retailer may force the adoption of RFID even if it does not maximize the chain's total profit.

A Diffusion of Innovations Approach to Investigate the RFID Adoption in Taiwan Logistics Industry

Logistics tasks heavily depend on reliable shipment and accurate tracking information. For this reason, logistics today have evolved into a high-technology industry. Distribution is no longer simply about moving cargo on the road or via air from location A to B, but is a complex process based on intelligent system for sorting, planning, routing, and consolidation that supports faster transportation. [1] The purpose of this study was to investigate how RFID technology was implemented and adopted in Taiwan’s logistics industry. Specifically, this study focused on the positive influence of using RFID technology on the industry and the strategical benefits the RFID system had provided to companies, which had accepted and utilized this technology. This study also aimed to determine the concern factors of adopting the RFID system into current company management systems. An integral part of this research was to develop and to empirically test a model of the adoption of RFID in the context of the logistics industry in Taiwan. Based on the concepts of Rogers [2]-- the theory of technology diffusion, this research used a questionnaire to assess Taiwan logistics companies' cognition and perspective of the relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability and observability of the RFID system; as well as to assess their attitudes toward the RFID system and intentions of using the system. Research findings revealed the attributes of innovations mentioned above were significantly positively associated with the adoption of RFID. According to the research results, managerial implications and opportunities for future research were discussed in the final.

Foreword of Special Issue on “E-Service and Applications”

Foreword of Special Issue on “E-Service and Applications”

Does the Introduction of RFID Technology Improve Livestock Subsidy Management?

While the expected benefits and challenges of RFID technology have been well studied in the manufacturing and service sectors at the private organization level, little understanding exists of these two issues when exploring RFID adoption in the agricultural field and at the public organizational level. Previous tracking programs in Kuwait have been unsuccessful in reducing illegal activities that lead to fraud and the wasting of public money in animal feed programs. To alleviate these problems, an RFID program, supported by information systems, was designed to help monitor and control feed distribution and animal tracking. Unlike previous studies, this case describes the application of RFID for the tracking and monitoring of livestock by the Kuwait Public Authority of Agriculture Affairs and Fish Resources. It reviewed the subsidy process before and after RFID adoption and found a large reduction in the actual number of animals claimed after RFID adoption, which reduced fraud and increased animal accountability.