Adolescent Self Research Articles

Unconditional Self Acceptance and Self Esteem in Relation to Frustration Intolerance Beliefs and Psychological Distress

The present study examines the moderating role of unconditional self acceptance and self esteem in relation to frustration intolerance beliefs and psychological distress. Participants were one hundred and fifty student (aged 18–25) studying at three universities (COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, University of Management Sciences, and University of Central Punjab) of Lahore, Pakistan. They completed a demographic information sheet, the Frustration Discomfort Scale (Harrington in Clin Psychol Psychother 12:374–387, 2005a), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg in Society and the adolescent self image. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1965), the Unconditional Self Acceptance Questionnaire (Chamberlain and Haaga in J Ration Emotive Cogn Behav Ther 19:163–176, 2001a), and the General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg in Manual of the General Health Questionnaire. NFERNelson, Great Britain, 1972). The results demonstrated the moderating effects of unconditional self acceptance and self esteem in the relationship between frustration intolerance beliefs (entitlement, achievement, emotional intolerance, and discomfort intolerance) and psychological distress . The present findings highlight the importance unconditional self acceptance that reduces the emotional problems of students hindering their educational and personal growth.

Adolescent oxycodone self administration alters subsequent oxycodone-induced conditioned place preference and anti-nociceptive effect in C57BL/6J mice in adulthood

Adolescent and young adult abuse of short-acting MOP-r agonists such as oxycodone is a pressing public health issue. Few preclinical studies have examined how adolescent exposure to oxycodone impacts its effects in the transition to adulthood. ObjectiveTo determine in mice how chronic adolescent oxycodone self-administration (SA) affects subsequent oxycodone-induced conditioned place preference (CPP), locomotor activity, and anti-nociception once mice reach early adulthood. MethodsAdolescent C57BL/6J male mice (4 weeks old, n = 6–11) and adult mice (10 weeks old, n = 6–10) were surgically implanted with indwelling jugular catheters. Mice then acquired oxycodone self-administration (14 consecutive 2-hr daily sessions; 0.25 mg/kg/infusion) followed by a 14-day drug-free (withdrawal) period in home cage. After the 14-day drug-free period, mice underwent a 10-day oxycodone CPP procedure (0, 1, 3, 10 mg/kg i.p.) or were tested for acute oxycodone-induced antinociception in the hot plate assay (3.35, 5, 7.5 mg/kg i.p.). ResultsMice that self-administered oxycodone during adolescence exhibited greater oxycodone-induced CPP (at the 3 mg/kg dose) than their yoked saline controls and mice that self-administered oxycodone during adulthood. Oxycodone dose-dependently increased locomotor activity, but sensitization developed only to the 3 mg/kg in the mice that underwent oxycodone self-administration as adolescents. Mice that self-administered oxycodone as adolescents decreased in the anti-nociceptive effects of oxycodone in one dose (5 mg/kg), whereas animals that self-administered oxycodone as adults did not show this effect. ConclusionChronic adolescent oxycodone self-administration led to increased oxycodone-induced CPP (primarily 1 and 3 mg/kg, i.p.) and reduced antinociceptive effect of oxycodone (5 mg/kg, i.p.) in adulthood.

Da fabricação das escolhas escolares aos recursos informativos de suporte: o discurso adolescente em análise

Resumo No âmbito de um projeto, já concluído, sobre escolhas vocacionais realizadas pelos alunos à entrada do ensino secundário em Portugal, um dado mereceu a nossa particular atenção: a renúncia da influência, ou seja, a crença de que a escolha efetuada foi liberta de qualquer tipo de influência evidenciou-se como valor comum partilhado por todos os jovens inquiridos. Com base em dados, quantitativos (inquérito por questionário a 1793 alunos do ensino secundário) e qualitativos (24 entrevistas individuais semidiretivas a alunos do mesmo nível de ensino), recolhidos no âmbito do citado projeto, este artigo procura (re)situar a negação das influências externas no processo de definição do percurso escolar no quadro dos processos de construção de si na adolescência. Faremos isso confrontando a autonomia reivindicada pelos adolescentes com as fontes de influência que participam e suportam essa mesma escolha. Assim, identificar-se-ão ao longo do artigo quem são os interlocutores dos alunos no processo de (re)definição das suas vocações, a que suportes informativos recorrem para apoiar as suas escolhas e que grau de importância atribuem a estas fontes de informação. O conjunto dos dados apresentados permite melhor compreender a complexidade inerente aos processos de individuação na adolescência, ao enquadrar os legítimos discursos de afirmação de si na densa teia de relações sociais em que têm lugar, destacando o papel diferenciado desempenhado pelo mundo escolar, pela família e pela mídia.

ADHD and illegal conduct: a survey in Juvenile Justice Services in Puglia

The aim of our study was to identify possible risk factors related to carrying out of illegal conducts by minors on their first offense, and any individual variables, family, economic and socio-cultural related to phenomenon also investigated. The longitudinal study involved the acquisition of a series of biographical information, family, school, behavioral and clinical characteristics of children on their first crime recruited over a year in Puglia Region. For its purpose the study involved the use two standardized clinical scales (Youth Self-Report and Conners Adolescent Self Report Scale). For over a year we proceeded to follow-up. The survey revealed some variables family, social and school related to antisocial behavior of children in their first contact with the judicial authorities. The results confirm the need for primary and secondary prevention of children at risk through mutidisciplinary, early, selective interventions.

A tribute to Bryan Lask the family therapist

Journal of Family TherapyVolume 38, Issue 2 p. 295-298 Tribute A tribute to Bryan Lask the family therapist Ivan Eisler, Ivan EislerSearch for more papers by this author Ivan Eisler, Ivan EislerSearch for more papers by this author First published: 06 May 2016 https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6427.12123Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume38, Issue2Special Issue: Adolescent Self Harm and Systemic PracticeApril 2016Pages 295-298 RelatedInformation

Adolescent Self Esteem and Instagram: An Examination of Posting Behavior

Social media is a way that people can communicate and share parts of their lives through the internet ("Social Media", n.d.). Being that the media tends to have an influence on the general public, it has an influence on adolescents as well. Sometimes this influence can be quite negative (Sanders, 2015). Because of this, exploring their connection would be insightful. This study explores how a specific social media site, Instagram, may affect adolescent girls and their self-esteem. The researchers issued a self-esteem questionnaire to a gorup of girls on their self-esteem and compared it to their Instagram profiles. In this study, the researchers found that the participant with average self-esteem posted the most provacative photos on Instagram, while the participants with high self-esteem along with borderline-low self-esteem posted more goofy and filtered photos.

Non-academic Self-Concept Among Urban Youth: Associations with Academic Success

An extensive literature demonstrates the relationship between academic self-concept and academic achievement, but the relationship between non-academic subdomains of the self and academic success in children and adolescents remains less clear. The current study examined longitudinal associations between social and behavioral self-concept, mental health symptoms, and indicators of academic achievement. Children (n = 364) from 36 classrooms across five elementary schools participated in the study. Children reported attitudes about the self, and teachers assessed children’s mental health symptoms and academic functioning at two time points. Structural equation models indicated that behavioral self-concept predicts subsequent academic engagement and study skills in low-income urban youth through improvement in academic self-concept and reduction in mental health symptoms. Findings point toward the potential promise of non-academic self-concept as a target for intervention to improve youth academic outcomes.

Efektifitas Model Pelatihan Outbound Resolusi Konflik dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Resolusi Konflik Interpersonal pada Diri Remaja

This study aimed to test the effectiveness of the model outbound conflict resolution training to improve interpersonal conflict resolution skills in adolescent self . The population was 198 adolescents aged 16-18 years who waitinglist follow the activities of outbound training in TSOT Group Prigen, purposive sampling is done by taking a low score scale resolution of the conflict as much as 30 teenagers who will be divided into two groups: the control group and the experiment group. Calculations made from gainscore value obtained from the pretest and posttest control group and experimental groups with nonparametric statistical Wilcoxon Signed Rank test . Based on the calculation obtained by the Sig . ( 2 tailed) is 0.001 < 0.05 , the obtained results of Ho refused and H1 accepted that there is effectiveness of outbound training model of conflict resolution in improving interpersonal conflict resolution skills in adolescent self.

Adolescent oxycodone self administration alters subsequent antinociceptive effect of oxycodone in C57BL/6J mice in adulthood

methods usedwere BBT (1/32 articles) and transvaginal ultrasound (1/32 articles). Conclusions: There is a lack of consistency in methodology used to determine menstrual phase. We recommend combining several methods to improve accuracy of phase identification, minimize costs and burden, and reduce selection bias and confounding. The adoption of these recommendations will yield a decrease in misclassification bias and facilitate cross-study comparisons. Financial support: P50-DA033942, P50-DA016511, P50DA033945, K24DA038240, and K12HD055887.

Immigration as risk factor for non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts in adolescents in Germany.

BackgroundWhereas non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts (SA) are rather common among adolescents, the description of risk factors has often failed to take migration into perspective. Our study aimed to describe immigration status in adolescents with regards to their lifetime history of NSSI and SA.MethodsWe carried out a population based study in a school community of ninth-graders (N = 452, mean age 14.85, SD 0.58) in southern Germany. Data were collected via adolescent self report on sociodemographic variables and on NSSI and SA using the Self Harm Behavior Questionnaire.ResultsAdolescents born outside Germany showed an elevated rate of a lifetime history of NSSI and SA. When compared to German adolescents without a (family) history of migration (NSSI 19.16%, SA 3.24%), adolescents who were born in another country had an elevated risk for NSSI (42.86%, OR 3.36) and SA (17.86%, OR 6.78), which was higher than the risk of adolescents who had at least one parent who had emigrated from another country (NSSI 30.08%, OR 2.46 and SA 8.94%, OR 4.45).ConclusionOur findings should inform intervention services and prevention programs for NSSI and suicidality in youth. Adopting such programs to include culturally sensible modules could improve the outcome in ethnically diverse adolescents.

Effect of Educational Sessions about Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome for Late Adolescent Girls Self Protective Measures

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder which affects one in 15 women worldwide. Study aim was to evaluate effect of educational sessions about polycystic ovarian syndrome for late adolescent girls self protective measures. Study setting was conducted at secondary girls school, Mansoura, Egypt after obtaining manger approval. A Subject was consisted of 95 students at 2rd year. Tools: The Questionnaire Consisted of Three Parts were used by the researchers to collect data ,1stpart consists of questions related to demographic data, 2ndpart, consists of items related to the knowledge of anatomy and physiology of ovary, 3rdpart, consists of items related to the knowledge regard polycystic ovarian syndrome. Results The findings of the study revealed that before educational sessions’ utilization the majority of students (87.4%) had inadequate knowledge regard polycystic ovarian syndrome. The overall pretest mean score was 14±3.383 with Mean percentage 38.89%.While the overall posttest Mean score was 32.86±2.079 and Mean percentage 91.31.The overall score posttest mean value (32.87) was higher than the overall score pretest (14.0). Conclusion the knowledge score after educational sessions was higher than before, there was statistical significance difference of knowledge score between before and after educational sessions in all variables p >0.05.There was a statistically significant difference between pretest students' knowledge score in relation to student’s age while there was no statistically significant relations was found with resident, mother education and work, father education and work, family type and monthly income. Thus, utilization of educational sessions was found to be effective to increase awareness of late adolescent about polycystic ovarian syndrome.

The social self in early adolescence: Two longitudinal investigations in the United States and China.

This research examined how children's inclusion of social personal attributes (e.g., talkative and argumentative) in their views of themselves changes over early adolescence in the United States and China. In 2 studies (N = 825 in Study 1 and 394 in Study 2) using open-ended methods (e.g., completion of "I . . ." stems), American and Chinese children described themselves multiple times during the 7th and 8th grades. Conceptions of the self in terms of personal attributes were the norm in both the United States and China, but personal attributes that are social became more common over early adolescence in only the United States. Study 1 indicated that increases in social personal attributes were accompanied by heightened psychological and positive descriptions of the self in both countries. Study 2 ruled out potential confounds (e.g., pubertal status) in the differences in American and Chinese children's use of social personal attributes to define themselves.

DESARROLLO Y VALIDACIÓN DEL AUTOINFORME DE ADOLESCENTES: ADA

El Autoinforme de Adolescentes (ADA) evalúa estructuras psicopatológicas y aspectos resilientes-prosociales, integrado en un protocolo con una Encuesta Sociodemográfica, de Hábitos y Comportamientos Adictivos a sustancias, internet y videojuegos y variables de salud. Se administró a adolescentes (N=362; 12 a 18 años, ambos sexos) por muestreo intencional no probabilístico en 6 instituciones de nivel secundario de Montevideo. Se analizó por AFE para indicadores categóricos y rotación oblicua, obteniéndose una estructura de 6 factores de banda estrecha, Síndromes de: Depresión-Ansiedad; Disocial con comportamiento adictivo; Desregulación Disruptiva del Estado de Ánimo y Comportamiento Disocial; Ansiedad Social; Resiliencia-Prosocialidad y de Obsesión-Compulsión. Los Síndromes de Banda Ancha se conformaron por uno que reúne la psicopatología y otro de Resiliencia-Prosocialidad. Los estudios de validez y fiabilidad indican muy buenos índices de bondad de ajuste y adecuados coeficientes estandarizados en las seis dimensiones y una Fiabilidad adecuada. Se concluye de este estudio exploratorio y preliminar que, el Autoinforme ADA ofrece un medio confiable y valido para evaluar los fenómenos descriptos en estas poblaciones. Se iniciará la fase de estudio poblacional con el objetivo de colaborar en la detección de síntomas psicopatológicos emergentes en adolescentes y para determinar los factores de protección.

In the Footsteps of Wolfe

With this personal reminiscence in prospect I’ve been looking at a photograph of Thomas Wolfe as an undergraduate at Chapel Hill. Could this confident young man with pipe be the original of Eugene Gant? Creators often differ from the autobiographical characters they create. But this certainly isn’t the suffering ’Gene Gant of Look Homeward, Angel. Merle Leavitt Riggs, a New England-born schoolmarm, had migrated from New Hampshire to the Woman’s College of UNC, as it then was, and thither to our town. She taught me French and math and cultivated “intellectual curiosity.” I needed it. I was an under-read high-school sophomore, who spent most of my spare time drawing and painting and stuffing my mind with baseball lore. I aspired in that time of limitless ambition to be a great left-handed pitcher. Merle saved me from my adolescent self. She had a flair for the dramatic and one day intoned—I mean the word precisely—the first rhythmic lines of one of Wolfe’s short stories. That was the appetizer. Later she drew Look Homeward, Angel from the library shelves and told me that I must read it if I wanted to be a writer. I already had inky fingers from a summer job on the local semi-weekly. I did read it—and as I wrote on the seventieth anniversary of its publication, the effect was instantaneous.

Stress and Coping among Adolescents in Selected Schools in the Capital City of India.

To find out various life stressors of adolescents, coping strategies adopted by them and the impact of stress on adolescent mental health. A descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted in the schools in south zone of Delhi, capital city of the country. Data was collected on 360 adolescents between the age group of 13-17 y on socio-demographic profile, Adolescent Life Event Stress Scale, Brief Cope and Youth Self Report for ages 11-18 y. Stress related to uncontrollable events such as family events, relocation events, accident events, ambiguous events and controllable events such as sexual events, deviance events and autonomy events was significantly higher as compared to distressful events (p < 0.0) such as death of a pet, arguments with friends, appearing for exams, failure or low grades. Adolescent stress was significantly correlated with various demographic variables in the study. The most frequently used coping strategies by the adolescents were positive reframing, planning, active coping, and instrumental support. It has also been found that stress has a significant impact on adolescent mental health in the form of either internalizing problems such as anxiety, withdrawal and somatic problems or externalizing problems such as rule breaking and aggressive behaviors. A significant correlation was found between most of the stressful life event domains and the syndrome subscale of the youth self report form which indicate that out of the total sample of 360 adolescents 150 were identified as having psycho-social morbidity, including 59 borderline cases and 91 high-risk cases. The study pointed out the need for mental health screening among the adolescents and also indicated the need for mental health inputs in educational institutions.

Leisure in a world of ‘com-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-puter-puter, puter games’: a father and son conversation

This article is a conversation between an academic and his 14-year-old son and investigates the links between leisure and computer games. It focuses specifically on the son as an adolescent in the context of Western consumer society. It is interested in how he explores his leisure in relation to the computer game ‘League of Legends’ and how this indicates his adolescent self, which is a self that is increasingly targeted, marketed, packaged and purchased. This analysis illustrates how the consumer packaging of the adolescent self through commodified leisure creates in a neoliberal society the negotiated realities of youth experience and social identity. The paper argues that consumer culture manufactures a world of escape, particularly for adolescent boys. It allows him (J) to transform his world into one he has more control over, separate from his parents' imposed regime and in a way that resists other forms of market-based influence. This is achieved through the adoption of identities that are offered in the games (a choice) that appear to challenge authority, albeit produced within youth culture and marketing, purchased and consumed in the belief that it is resistance. There is also a sense of friendship and shared identity with others in forming teams online to play the game. In these games, forms of adolescent deviance, resistance and control are normalised as challenging, exciting and risky while providing associations with power, self-fulfilment and a degree of online celebrity and identity exchange. In the final analysis, the paper explores some possibilities for parents to enter this world and understand the children and their constructions of self-identity in Western consumer society.

Adolescent self-compassion: Associations with narcissism, self-esteem, aggression, and internalizing symptoms in at-risk males

Self-compassion is an attitude toward oneself that involves perceiving one’s experiences as an opportunity for self-awareness and improvement, as well as limited self-judgment after failure. Self-compassion has not been extensively studied in adolescence, a time when self-perception and self-appraisals regarding success and failure take on notable importance. This study considered the connection between self-compassion, narcissism, self-esteem, aggression, and internalizing problems in a sample of 251 male adolescents, ages 16–18, attending a residential program. Self-compassion was negatively correlated with aggression and vulnerable narcissism and positively correlated with self-esteem. In general, self-compassion did not exhibit the hypothesized protective effect on the relation between narcissism and aggression. Findings indicate that, as expected, self-compassion is indicative of a relatively secure, positive sense of self in adolescents.

Application of psychodrama in integration of self in adolescents

Psychodrama as an action method of group psychotherapy is indicated in the treatment of different mental and behavioral disorders. Evaluation studies show very good results in the efficiency of psychodrama treatment, especially in the work with the adolescent population, in crisis situation. Psychodrama, as an action method of group psychotherapy, with its large repertoire of techniques, enable adolescents to make better integration of self. In the first part of this paper we aim to show the advantages of the basic techniques of psychodrama in dealing with crisis situations in adolescence. In the second part we will present and analyze casuistic vignette in the field of psychodrama work with adolescents in crisis.

The Relationship between Social Media Bullying and the Adolescent's Self Report of Emotional Health: A Study of Urban Youth on an Acute Inpatient Psychiatric Unit

Background: Bullying through social media, known as cyberbullying, is increasingly prevalent amongst today's youth. There is little research on a wide range of internalizing symptoms in conjunction with a measure of selfconcept in relationship to cyberbullying. Methods: This prospective research study examined the cross-sectional relationship between cyberbullying victims in children and adolescents 10-17 years of age within an acute inpatient psychiatric unit. Participants completed four separate measurements of anxiety and depression (the Modified Cyberbullying Questionnaire, the Children's Depression Inventory, the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), and the Piers-Harris Children's Self Concept Scale). Results: 51 subjects completed the study. Twenty-four of the 51 participants reported some form of bullying (47.1%.) Of the 24 bullied participants, bullying via Facebook was most commonly reported (63% of bullied participants), followed by text messaging (50% of bullied participants). The mean total score on the Children's Depressive Inventory for the group in which social media bullying was reported was significantly higher than those in which no bullying was reported (14.00 (±3.56) versus 9.07 (±2.34), (p=0.020)). The mean total score on the SCARED for the group in which social media bullying was reported was statistically significant (26.83 (±6.52) versus 14.33 (±3.98), (p=0.0015)). The mean total T-score on the Piers-Harris Children's Self Concept Scale (2nd ed) for the group in which social media bullying was reported was significant (42.75 (±5.20) versus 49.26 (±3.97), (p=0.043)). The Behavioral Adjustment domain was the only individual domain in which statistical significance was not achieved (bullied versus nonbullied (43.18 ± 4.21 vs. 44.41 ± 3.49), p=0.61)). Discussion: Results indicated significant differences between mean total depression scores, mean total anxiety scores, and mean total T-score for the self-concept scale. These findings indicate an association between depression, anxiety, and self-esteem/self-concept and the presence of cyberbullying.

Identity and the Arts: Using Drama and Masks as a Pedagogical Tool to Support Identity Development in Adolescence

Identity in adolescents is an ever-growing concern and pre-occupation within formal education, with a need to identify factors that can positively impact upon adolescent development. Identity and understanding of the human condition has been apparent from earliest records of Homo sapiens. One of the earliest recorded exploration and understanding of this is through ritual ceremony and the role that mask has played in allowing people to explore what it means to us through adopting the “other”. It therefore stands to reason that if masks have and still do allow individuals to explore identity and place in life, there may be an impact upon adolescents who use masks within their formal drama education. This paper explores: The concepts of identity having a correspondence to mask usage; The potential for masks to support the individual to disassociate from the self; and the sense of being.. If we wish to support adolescent development and self awareness, at the core of drama curricula we need to re-position the usage of masks in the classroom beyond being tied to core historical academic knowledge but as a pedagogical methodology in its own right, we need to support adolescent exploration of identity.