Adolescent Gender Research Articles

Показатели теста 6-минутной ходьбы у здоровых детей и подростков

Exercise tolerance, as a functional indicator of the health status of children and adolescents, can be determined using a simple, accessible, safe and maximally physiological out-of-laboratory 6-minute walking test (T6MX), which is based on the quantitative result of the distance traveled in 6 minutes at the submaximal load level. This test was introduced in 1963, more than 15 countries presented reference equations and formulas, percentile curves and control values for children and adolescents. In the Russian Federation, normative data developed on a large sample of children were not presented, therefore the use of the test in childhood is limited. The purpose — to create normative parameters of T6MX depending on gender and age for healthy children and adolescents. Materials and methods. A continuous one-time personalized examination was conducted of 3693 children of the I–II health groups aged 7 to 18 (girls — 48.8%, boys — 51.2%) who attended comprehensive and secondary specialized educational institutions of the Chuvash Republic. Anthropometric and physiometric measurements were carried out, all children passed the 6-minute walking test. Results. The median distance traveled by boys of the junior school group was 492.5 [435; 535.8] m, by girls — 504.8 [463; 548.5] m, by boys of the middle school group —570.5 [503.5; 614.3] m, by girls — 551.8 [519.5; 608] m, by boys of the senior school group —500.8 [452.8; 539] m, by girls — 509.5 [464.5; 548.5] m. The results of T6MX in the general population of the examined schoolchildren did not show a significant correlation with anthropometric or physiometric indicators. Conclusions. In the junior and middle school age, the distance traveled by boys was greater compared to girls; with increasing age in the senior school group, test results decrease in adolescents; 17 and 18-year-old girls walk a longer distance in 6 minutes than boys of the same age.

Abstract A127: Factors impacting HPV vaccine initiation among English and Spanish speaking parents of Latino adolescents

Abstract Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers disproportionately impact Latinos. While data for English-speaking (ES) and Spanish-speaking (SS) Latinos is usually aggregated, differences in acculturation, sociodemographic characteristics, and health behaviors make it important to understand the factors impacting HPV vaccination among these groups separately. This understanding is crucial to improving HPV vaccination disparities as COVID-19 vaccinations have exacerbated issues of vaccine hesitancy and medical mistrust. Methods: Self-administered online surveys examining HPV vaccine hesitancy in an urban, diverse community with low HPV vaccine uptake were completed by parents of adolescents (N=357) in English or Spanish. Bivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to understand if medical mistrust, vaccine hesitancy, HPV knowledge, healthcare utilization and sociodemographic factors impact adolescent HPV vaccine uptake among ES and SS parents of Latino adolescents ages 12-17. Factors significant at p<.01 in the bivariate analyses were included in multivariable logistic regression models for each group. Results: 136 parents of adolescents aged 12-17 identified as Latino; 56% completed the survey in English and 44% in Spanish. Bivariate analyses found significant associations between decreased HPV vaccine uptake and male parent/caregiver sex, higher HPV vaccine hesitancy, higher HPV knowledge, male adolescent sex, not receiving the flu vaccine and not receiving a provider recommendation to vaccinate against HPV among ES parents. In SS parents, parents aged 41-50 (compared to <40) and higher medical mistrust were associated with higher HPV vaccination; while male adolescent gender, not receiving TDAP immunization, and not receiving a provider recommendation to vaccinate against HPV were associated with lower HPV vaccine uptake. Multivariable regression models found that adolescents of ES parents were less likely to have initiated the HPV vaccine series if the parent/caregiver was male (OR=0.07, 95% CI:0.03,1.28), had higher HPV knowledge (OR=0.53, 95% CI:0.29,0.96), and did not receive a provider recommendation to vaccinate against HPV (OR=0.12, 95% CI:0.003,0.55). SS parents with higher medical mistrust (OR=7.27, 95% CI:1.14,46.41) and those aged 41-50 compared to parents younger than 40 (OR=18.19, 95% CI:0.28,407.78) were more likely to have adolescents who initiated the HPV vaccine series, while those without a provider recommendation to vaccinate had lower odds of HPV vaccine uptake (OR=0.004, 95% CI:<0.01,0.11). Discussion: Aligned with the literature, provider recommendation to vaccinate against HPV significantly impacted vaccination behavior among ES and SS parents. Interventions should focus on improving provider recommendations and communications with Latino parents of adolescents. More research should explore the surprising associations between higher medical mistrust and higher odds of HPV vaccination among SS parents, and more HPV knowledge and lower odds of HPV vaccination among ES parents. Citation Format: Bibiana Martinez, Lourdes Baezconde-Garbanati, Jennifer Tsui. Factors impacting HPV vaccine initiation among English and Spanish speaking parents of Latino adolescents [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A127.

Problematic Video Game Use and Mental Health among Spanish Adolescents.

Current scientific evidence points to the importance of studying the link between mental health and problematic video game use in adolescents. The aim of this study was to analyse the correlation between gender and stage of adolescence and problematic video game use, as well as to study the correlation between internalizing and externalizing symptomatology, prosocial behaviour and video game use, and the correlation between video gaming and mental health issues in Spanish 12- to 18-year-olds (M = 14.51; SD = 1.57). For this purpose, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Video Game-Related Experiences Questionnaire (VGEQ) were administered to 1448 secondary school students in Extremadura (Spain), of which 50.8% were women and 49.8% men. The results show that (a) males present more problematic video game use, (b) prosocial behaviour negatively correlates with problematic video game use, and (c) mental health issues and problematic video game use correlate in a negative way. However, the stage of adolescence was not seen to have any effect on the problematic video game use. In conclusion, this study points the effects that problematic video game use can have on the mental health of adolescents and the possible protective role that prosocial behaviours can have on the prevention of problematic video game use.

Relationship between Partner Phubbing and Parent-Adolescent Relationship Quality: A Family-Based Study.

A high-quality parent-child relationship is critical to the health and well-being of adolescents and, in the family system, the interaction pattern within couples is a decisive factor in parent-adolescent relationship quality. Using dyadic data from 441 Chinese couples, in this study, we examined the association between partner phubbing (a negative interaction behavior initiated by the spouse) and parent-adolescent relationship quality, and further explored the moderating effect of adolescent gender. Dyadic modeling showed that partner phubbing had both an intra-person effect and an inter-person effect on parent-adolescent relationship quality. For the intra-person effect, husbands' phubbing had an adverse effect on the mother-adolescent relationship quality, and this effect was stronger for girls than boys; wives' phubbing had a positive effect on the father-adolescent relationship quality, but this effect was only significant for boys. For the inter-person effect, the negative influence of husbands' phubbing on father-adolescent relationship quality was only significant for boys; wives' phubbing was uncorrelated with mother-adolescent relationship quality. These findings deepen our understanding of the links between the marital subsystem and the parent-adolescent subsystem in the family, underscore the importance of positive marital interactions for adolescent development, and have implications for personal smartphone use management in family contexts.

Do mothers treat children who are similar to them better? The relation between maternal-adolescent neuroticism congruence and a punitive parenting style.

Parenting style is the relatively stable behaviors parents display during the childrearing process. It is an important factor in children's socialization and the mother-child relationship. The present study aimed to test the relationship between maternal-adolescent neuroticism congruence and a punitive parenting style. A total of 882 Chinese adolescents and their mothers participated in this study. The results showed that maternal-adolescent high-neuroticism congruence was associated with a more punitive parenting style than low-neuroticism congruence. The more incongruent the maternal-adolescent neuroticism was, the less punitive the parenting style. There were moderating effects of adolescent gender on maternal-adolescent neuroticism congruence/incongruence and punitive parenting style. These findings provide a new perspective for exploring the relationship between parent-child interaction and parenting styles.

Conceptualizing maternal and paternal autonomy support and control among adolescents in Hong Kong.

This study examined how parental autonomy support and control are conceptualized by adolescents in Hong Kong (Grades 7-11) using the Perceived Parental Autonomy Support Scale. Competitive models were evaluated using confirmatory factor analyses. Although the 6-factor model demonstrated the best fit, further analyses indicated that a second-order structure was more appropriate. Provision of choice, acknowledgment of child's feelings, rationale for rules, and demands subsumed under autonomy support. Guilt-inducing criticisms and the use of threats subsumed under control. Performance pressure emerged as a first-order construct on its own. Measurement invariance was evident across adolescent gender and age. All subscales had adequate to strong reliability. Discriminate validity was evident. Findings offer insights into the conceptualization of autonomy support and control in Hong Kong.

DETERMINANT FACTOR OF DEPRESSION IN RURAL ADOLESCENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Background: Adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. This stage of development is a transitional period of self-discovery marked by physical, emotional, and psychological changes. However, young people are often faced with poverty, sexual abuse, or violence, making teens vulnerable to mental health problems. Adolescents who live in rural areas are likely to be more susceptible to mental health problems because rural areas have a high degree of social intimacy, and the economic focus is on the agricultural sector. So, the psychological pressure on adolescents in rural areas will be heavier, and if the coping mechanism is not suitable, these adolescents will be more susceptible to depression.
 Objective: This study aims at reviewing and synthesizing the determinants factor of depression among adolescent in rural area.
 Design: This study design was a systematic review using the PICO framework.
 Data Sources: This data was carried out since June 2021 from various journal databases in the last five years (2017-2021), including ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Taylor & Francis. The keywords combined with Boolean operators (“AND” and “OR”) to find literatures, namely "Factor" OR “Risk Factor” AND “Depression” OR “Depressive” OR “Depress” AND “Adolescent” OR “Teens” AND “Rural”. 13 articles meet the inclusion criteria and meet the qualifications for review.
 Review Methods: A systematic procedure is used to collect articles, as well as a critical appraisal and data synthesis with qualitative synthesis.
 Results: Based on a review of several articles, factors that can influence the occurrence of depression in rural adolescents include discrimination, adverse childhood experiences, victimization, socioeconomic migration of parents, family, cellphone addiction, postpartum pregnancy, and gender in adolescents.
 Conclusion: Overall, these factors can cause psychological pressure and due to poor coping mechanisms resulting in depression in adolescents in rural areas.

Comparison of Glycosylated Haemoglobin, Blood Pressure, and Anthropometric Measurements Depending on Gender and Bodyweight State in Adolescents.

The greatest anthropometric and physiological changes occur during adolescence. Assessment of growth patterns is necessary to prevent future health risks. To describe the values of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, triceps skinfold, and abdominal circumference according to gender and age (between 12 and 17 years), as well as explore the differences between body weight conditions. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, including 4130 adolescents between 12 and 17 years old. SBP and DBP, HbA1c, triceps skinfold, and abdominal circumference were evaluated. Significant differences were observed between males and females for HbA1c (p < 0.001), SBP (p < 0.001), triceps curl (p < 0.001), and abdominal circumference (p < 0.001), independently of the age group. Regardless of gender and age groups, significant differences were observed between overweight/obese and normal-weight adolescents in SBP (p < 0.001), DBP (p < 0.001 to 0.009), triceps skinfold (p < 0.001), and abdominal perimeter (p < 0.001). Our findings revealed higher SBP, DBP, triceps skinfold, and abdominal circumference in overweight/obese adolescents compared to normal-weight adolescents in both genders.

Parental monitoring longitudinally associates with reduced risk of adolescent mental health problems

• Longitudinal analyses from a large birth cohort in the southeast of England. • Parental monitoring reduced likelihood of depression, anxiety, and self-harm in late adolescence. • Analyses did not indicate a role for emotional quality of the parent-child relationship. • No interaction of parenting with child gender in relation to outcomes. Prior research examining the impact of parenting on adolescent mental health has been limited by the use of cross-sectional designs and the use of small or clinical samples. We used data (N = 6,212) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a UK-based birth cohort study. We found longitudinal evidence that parental monitoring in late childhood/early adolescence (ages 9.5-13.5), but not the emotional quality of the parent-child relationship, reduces the likelihood of offspring major depressive disorder (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.64, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.56 – 0.76), anxiety disorder (OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.53 – 0.69), and self-harm (OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.57 – 0.75) at age 18. Associations did not vary according to adolescent gender. Findings indicate a role for the importance of parenting monitoring for later adolescent mental health. Future research is needed to understand why this aspect of parenting is associated with better adolescent outcomes.

Associations among relationship status, gender, and sexual attraction in Australian adolescents' eating pathology.

Engaging in romantic relationships in adolescence may inadvertently increase participation in appearance culture and the risk for eating pathology. Little research has considered this effect, particularly as it relates to adolescents' gender identity and sexual attraction. Therefore, this study examined the associations among relationship status, gender, and sexual attraction in adolescents' eating pathology. Data from the first wave of the EveryBODY study, a large sample of Australian adolescents aged 11-19 years (n=3262, Mage =15.00, 53.80% girls), were used. Participants reported their relationship status and eating pathology (fasting, purging, binge eating, driven exercise, steroid use, and shape/weight concerns) using an online survey. Logistic regressions adjusting for age and BMI percentile revealed that romantic relationships were associated with higher adjusted odds (AORs) for reporting clinical frequency/severity threshold of fasting, purging, steroid use, and shape and weight concerns (AORs: 1.34-3.68). Relative to boys, girls had higher adjusted odds of reporting clinical frequency/severity threshold of all eating disorder features (AORs: 1.47-7.40), except for steroid use for muscle gain. Adolescents who reported same-sex attraction, were unsure of their sexual attraction, or did not endorse any sexual attraction had greater adjusted odds of reporting clinical frequency/severity threshold of fasting, purging, and shape and weight concerns (AORs: 1.35-1.83) than those with only other-sex sexual attraction. Interactions among relationship status, gender, and sexual attraction were nonsignificant. Romantic experience emerged as a novel correlate for adolescents' eating pathology. Future research should uncover the contextual factors within relationships that may contribute to this association. The initiation of romantic relationships is normative during adolescence. However, adolescents' romantic desirability is often determined by their physical appearance, increasing the risk for eating pathology. Among a large sample of Australian adolescents, romantic involvement was associated with greater likelihood of clinical threshold eating pathology for adolescent boys and girls, regardless of sexual attraction. It is urgent to identify the factors within romantic relationships that are associated with eating pathology.

Prospective associations between mothers' and fathers' parenting styles and adolescents' moral values: Stability and specificity by parent style and adolescent gender.

This study coordinates moral value development in adolescence, parenting style, and gender with issues of stability and specificity. The primary research question asked whether parenting styles of mothers and fathers influence the development of adolescent moral values, and secondary research questions asked whether adolescent moral values were stable and whether gender moderated predictive relations of parenting styles and adolescent moral values. At 14 and 18 years, a sample of 246 adolescents completed the Sociomoral Reflection Objective Measure - Short Form; at 14 years, mothers and fathers self-reported their parenting styles using the Parental Authority Questionnaire. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses established a 2-factor model of adolescent moral values across the two ages: Life and Social Contract captured prosocial aspects of morality that are left to individual choice, and Law and Social Order captured acts that are legally or morally obligatory for individuals to perform. Structural equation modeling investigated relations between parental parenting styles and the two adolescent moral value factors, with adolescent age, gender, and family SES as covariates. Both moral values factors had high stabilities across the 4-year period. Mothers' authoritarian parenting at 14 years, but not their authoritative or permissive parenting, negatively predicted Life and Social Contract moral values, but not Law and Social Order, in adolescents at 18 years, more so for boys. Fathers' parenting styles did not predict adolescents' moral values at 18 years. Girls and adolescents from higher-SES families had higher Life and Social Contract moral values at 14 years; boys experienced more increases in Life and Social Contract moral values from 14 to 18 years than girls. Stability and parental predictive validity of moral values for adolescence are discussed.

Violence among adolescents: A study of overlapping of bullying, cyberbullying, sexual harassment, dating violence and cyberdating violence

BackgroundFace-to-face and virtual violence among adolescents could lead to polyvictimisation and polyaggression. More studies are needed to simultaneously analyse various types of violence to understand the extent of involvement in violence during adolescence. ObjectiveThis study explores the overlap of bullying, cyberbullying, sexual harassment, dating violence, and cyber dating violence, considering dating experience, gender, and stage of adolescence. Participants and settingThis study involved 2514 Spanish middle school students (49.8 % girls) aged 11–19 years (M = 13.97, SD = 1.40). MethodsThe design of this study was cross-sectional. Data were collected through a survey. ResultsAmong adolescents with no dating experience, 39.7 % were not victims, and 55.9 % were not aggressors. By contrast, among adolescents with dating experience, 7.1 % were not victims, and 10.5 % were not aggressors. Gender differences in poly-involvement were found between adolescents with and without dating experience. Girls were significantly less involved than boys as polyvictims and polyaggressors when they had no dating experience. They were significantly more involved than boys as polyvictims (9.7 %) and polyaggressors (23.9 %) in dating violence and cyber dating violence when they had dating experience. Age differences in poly-involvement were found only in adolescents with dating experience. Adolescents were more polyinvolved late than early adolescence, especially in dating violence, sexual harassment, and cyber dating violence as polyvictims (22.8 %) and polyaggressors (26.7 %). ConclusionsExperiences of poly-involvement are diverse according to dating experience, gender, and stage of adolescence. More comprehensive peer and dating violence prevention strategies need to be designed.

The Association Between Family Physical Abuse and Suicide Attempts Among Gender Minority Adolescents: A Comparison Study.

Purpose: This study examines the prevalence of reported family physical abuse and the concurrent association between abuse and suicide attempts by adolescent gender identity. Methods: This study used the Profiles of Student Life: Attitudes and Behaviors dataset (N = 121,150 adolescents aged 11-19 [mean = 14.74, standard deviation = 1.78]) collected from 61 participating school districts and programs across the United States by Search Institute from 2012 to 2015. Multigroup logistic regression was used to examine the association between family abuse and suicide attempts by gender identity. Correlates included race/ethnicity, age, parent education, rurality, binge drinking, and tobacco use. Results: Results indicated that cisgender adolescents (i.e., participants who did not select a transgender identity) reported significantly less family abuse compared to gender minority adolescents. Family physical abuse was associated with higher odds of suicide attempts among all adolescents. The association was stronger for female adolescents compared to male adolescents but not significantly different across gender minority adolescents, including those who identify as transgender female to male, transgender male to female, and transgender without identifying or being unsure of their gender identity. The association between family physical abuse and suicide attempts was stronger among heterosexual female adolescents compared to sexual minority female, heterosexual male, sexual minority male, heterosexual gender minority, or sexual and gender minority adolescents. Conclusions: Findings highlight the importance of identifying and treating family abuse to prevent suicide attempts, particularly among gender and sexual minority adolescents.

Do African American adolescents internalize direct online discrimination? Moderating effects of vicarious online discrimination, parental technological attitudes, and racial identity centrality.

African American adolescents have become more active users of digital media, which may increasingly expose them to direct online discrimination based on their racial and gender identities. Despite well-documented impacts of offline discrimination, our understanding of if and how direct online discrimination affects African American adolescents similarly remains limited. Guided by intersectional and ecological frameworks, we examined the association between direct online discrimination and internalized computing stereotypes in African American adolescents. Further, we explored the moderating effects of systemic and individual factors – vicarious online discrimination, parental technological attitudes, and racial identity centrality – on this association by adolescent gender. Utilizing data from 1041 African American parent-adolescent dyads, we found a positive association between adolescents’ direct online discrimination and internalized computing stereotypes. Surprisingly, greater vicarious online discrimination mitigated this association for both male and female adolescents. Further, parental technological attitudes and racial identity centrality mitigated this association only for female but not male adolescents. Our findings highlight the importance of understanding the impact of media on adolescents’ online experiences from intersectional and systemic perspectives. We discuss the implications for prospective research and educational programs focused on African American adolescents’ digital media use and online experiences.

The Association of Adolescent Gender Performance and Adult Intimate Partner Violence

PurposeA quarter of women and nearly 1 in 10 men in the United States have reported experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) that had lasting negative impacts at least once during their lifetime. To prevent IPV over the lifecourse, adolescence has been identified as an ideal period for healthy relationship education that addresses the various IPV risk factors. One of those risk factors is believing in traditional gender roles, but the behavioral aspect of gender performance has been understudied. This study explores the relationship between adolescent gender performance and adult IPV perpetration and victimization/survival. MethodsWe used logistic regression to estimate associations of adolescent gender performance and adult IPV perpetration and victimization/survival in a sample of 2,197 males and 2,587 females from The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) between 1994 and 2008. ResultsMale adolescent gender performance was associated with increased adult IPV perpetration (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.18 per 10% increase in gender performance) and victimization/survival (AOR = 1.07; 95% CI, 1.03–1.11 per 10% increase in gender performance). Female adolescent gender performance was not associated with adult IPV perpetration or victimization/survival. DiscussionThe more similarly adolescent males behave to their adolescent male peers, the more likely they are to perpetrate and experience IPV in adulthood. This study supports the implementation of gender transformative education during adolescence and the specific need to address how the behaviors associated with male gender performance are risk factors for adult IPV.

Evaluation of Vitamin D Levels According to Age, Gender and Seasonal Characteristics in Children and Adolescents

Objective: Vitamin D is an essential hormone for the health of the musculoskeletal system and acts in immune system, cardiovascular system and metabolic homeostasis. The aim of this study was to determine the vitamin D status of children in middle region of Turkey. Also, the study evaluated the age, gender and seasonal variations in the study population. Materials and Methods: Children aged 1-17 years who were admitted to a Secondary Maternity and Children Hospital in Konya were included in this study. The medical records of the participants were retrospectively evaluated from the hospital information system between July 2016 and December 2021. All patients were categorized according to age, gender, and season in which their blood had been sampled. Results: A total of 3547 children were included in the study. The mean serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the study population was 16.45±9.39 ng/ml. The number of samples obtained in winter was 1063 (30%) and in summer 756 (21.3%), respectively. Only 7.4% (n=262) of the participants had sufficient vitamin D levels (>30 ng/ml) in the study population. Additionally, severely deficiency of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was mostly measured in winter season (378 patients, 45%). Severely deficiency (352 patients, 41.9%) was most common in children aged 12-17 years. Among all patients, only 7.4% had sufficient serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. Also, 5.2% (103 patients) of the girls and 3.7% (59 patients) of the boys had sufficient 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. On the other hand, severely deficiency of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels was most common in boys (521 patients, 33.1%) than in girls (137 patients, 6.9%). Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is wide spread among children in the world and in Turkey. Our study revealed that seasonal variations, age and gender affect the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in children. In this context, the importance of vitamin D rich foods or vitamin D supplementation is increasing.

중학생의 스마트폰 의존, 주의집중, 사이버 비행 간의 구조적 관계

Objectives The purpose of this study is to verify the structural relationships between smartphone dependency, attention deficit, and cyber delinquency of Korean adolescents. Methods Data came from the wave 2 of KCYPS 2018. A total of 2,404 students (1,303 male and 1,101 female) attending the first year of middle school were selected. Data were anaylized to verify the multigroup SEM using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 22.0. Results The main results are as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the correlation between variables focusing on cyber delinquency, there was a positive correlation with attention deficit and smartphone dependency. Second, attention deficit was partially mediated in the process of smartphone dependency influencing the cyber delinquency of adolescents. Third, the results of multi-group analysis based on gender indicated that the path of smart phone dependency to attention deficit was more powerful among male students than female students, which proved the partial adjustment effect. Conclusions Results implied the paths of attention deficit in the relationship between smartphone dependency and cyber delinquency according to the gender of adolescents. In addition, results suggested the future directions for further studies into this area and the implications for the intervention of cyber delinquency.

The protective role of mindful parenting against child maltreatment and aggressive behavior: an exploratory study among Chinese parent-adolescent dyads

BackgroundIt is well-established that child maltreatment practiced by parents is associated with adolescent aggression. Emerging evidence has suggested that higher levels of mindful parenting are associated with fewer negative parenting practices. However, the relationships among mindful parenting, child maltreatment, and adolescent aggression remain unclear.AimTo examine the association between mindful parenting, child maltreatment, and adolescent aggressive behavior among Chinese parent-adolescent dyads.MethodsSurvey data from 554 Chinese parent-adolescent dyads were used for the analysis. Parents reported mindful parenting, and adolescents reported three forms of child maltreatment (i.e., physical abuse, psychological aggression, and neglect) by their parents and aggressive behavior. Path models were used to analyze whether higher levels of mindful parenting were associated with decreased likelihood of parent-to-adolescent maltreatment that were further related to lower levels of adolescent aggression.ResultsMindful parenting and its two factors (i.e., interaction with full attention and compassion and acceptance) were associated with lower likelihood of physical abuse and psychological aggression, which were related to decreased levels of adolescent aggressive behavior. Stratified analyses by parent gender showed that the path from interaction with full attention to adolescent aggression through psychological aggression was also significant or marginally significant in both mother-adolescent and father-adolescent dyads. Stratified analyses by adolescent gender demonstrated that the paths from interaction with full attention to physical abuse and psychological aggression were significant, which were also significantly correlated with adolescent aggression among male adolescents, whereas the mindful parenting-child maltreatment-adolescent aggression paths were not significant among female adolescents.ConclusionsThe findings contributed to the existing literature by assessing mindful parenting as a multifaceted construct and exploring the gender differences in the relationships. Gender-tailored interventions to improve mindful parenting, specifically focusing on the parents’ ability of interacting with adolescents providing full attention, compassion, and acceptance may work towards preventing child maltreatment and promoting adolescent behavioral health.

Relationship of Exclusion From Physical Education and Bullying in Students With Specific Developmental Disorder of Scholastic Skills.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the relationships among exclusion from PE, gender, and bullying in adolescents with specific developmental disorder of scholastic skills (SDDSS) aged 11, 13, and 15 years in Czechia. Methods: In total, the final research sample consisted of 13,953 students (49.4% boys) from the 2013/2014 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey. Chi-square tests and regression models stratified by presence of SDDSS diagnosis were used to assess the relationships between non-involvement in PA and bullying. Results: Students diagnosed with SDDSS (12.4% of the sample) were more likely to be excluded from physical education (PE) than students without this diagnosis. This exclusion was associated with higher odds of bullying victimization and perpetration. Our findings further showed that male gender plays a significant role for bullying perpetration for both groups (with and without SDDSS) investigated in the present study. Conclusion: Higher likelihood of aggressive behavior occurs in students who are excluded from PE, including students with SDDSS.

정상체중 청소년의 체질량지수(BMI), 신체적 자아개념, 정신건강의 관계에서 성별의 조절된 매개효과

Objectives In this study, the effect of body mass index (BMI) and physical self-concept of normal-weight adolescents on mental health was investigated, and the purpose of this study was to examine whether a gender-controlled mediating effect was shown in these relationships. Methods For this purpose, all of the variables (gender, height, weight, physical self-concept, mental health) that adolescents and parents want to use in this study among the 6th year data (first year of high school) of the Korean Educational Longitudinal Study 2013 of the Korea Educational Development Institute. 5,763 people who responded to the question were selected, and among them, 4,208 normal-weight subjects were selected. As measurement tools, gender, height, weight, physical self-concept, and self-esteem scales were used. Results First, the gender of normal-weight adolescents was found to moderate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and physical self-concept and between physical self-concept and mental health. Second, in the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and physical self-concept of normal-weight adolescents on mental health, gender had a moderated mediating effect. The indirect effect was significant only in female students. Conclusions This study suggests that there should be differences according to gender in suggesting ways to improve the mental health of adolescents who are sensitive to body image. In particular, it showed that female students need more attention than male students to form a physical self-concept positively.