Adolescent Emotion Research Articles

The Relationships Between Stressors, Emotion and Sport Performance of Adolescents

This article analyzes the stressors and the emotions which influence adolescents’ sport performance. Then a relationship model of stressors, emotion and sport performance was established. The weighting values between the factors in the model were determined through a questionnaire. The results show that the effect of stressors on sport performance is reflected through emotional responses. The degree of influence of each emotional factor on sports performance was, in descending order, concentration, sense of achievement, confidence, and anxiety. Finally, some measures of response to improve sport performance are proposed.

Relationships Between Types of Positive Emotions in Post-Pandemic Adolescents: Specialized Documentary Review

Relationships Between Types of Positive Emotions in Post-Pandemic Adolescents: Specialized Documentary Review

Dynamic characteristics of parent-adolescent closeness: Predicting adolescent emotion dysregulation.

Emotion dysregulation is linked to adolescent psychological problems. However, little is known about how lability in daily closeness of parent-adolescent dyads affects the development of emotion dysregulation. This study examined how closeness lability with parents was associated with emotion dysregulation 12 months later. The sample included 144 adolescents (M = 14.62, SD = 0.83) who participated in a baseline assessment, 21-day daily diaries, and a 12-month follow-up assessment. Parents and adolescents both reported adolescent emotion dysregulation at baseline and follow-up assessments, while adolescents reported daily parent-adolescent closeness. Results indicate that lability in father-adolescent closeness was associated with increased emotion dysregulation at 12 months reported by adolescents. However, lability in mother-adolescent closeness was not associated with adolescent emotion dysregulation. Moreover, when baseline father-adolescent closeness was high, greater lability in father-adolescent closeness was associated with decreased emotion dysregulation. Findings indicate that daily fluctuations in father-adolescent closeness are a key family characteristic that links to long-term adolescent emotion dysregulation.

The Role of Family Conflict and School Problems in Adolescent Emotion Dynamics

The Role of Family Conflict and School Problems in Adolescent Emotion Dynamics

Parental Expressed Emotion and Behavioural Outcomes in Autistic Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.

Growing interest in the links between parent-child relationships and child behavioural presentations in families of autistic children has led to an increased use of the Five Minute Speech Sample (FMSS) measure of parental expressed emotion (EE) in autism research. This review focuses on studies exploring the relationships between parental EE and behavioural outcomes in autistic children. Electronic searches of six databases and grey literature wielded eight studies that met eligibility criteria. Study designs were a mixture of cross-sectional and longitudinal and quality of studies was variable. Parental criticism was largely positively related to, and showed some predictive value for, child behaviour problems. Warmth was mostly negatively related to, and showed some predictive value for, child behaviour problems. Preliminary evidence from one study showed paternal warmth to be significantly related to child behaviours, whilst child behaviours were also significantly related to paternal warmth, suggesting a bidirectional relationship. Analysis of additional EE components produced variable results, however parental stress and depressive symptoms were consistently related to child behaviour, and preliminary evidence suggests a possible role of maternal education level and family cohesion. Outcomes were variable across FMSS coding systems and greater consistency in their application is needed in future research. The current findings suggest that parental EE has an important relationship with child behaviour and future intervention efforts may benefit from aiming to reduced EE in order to improve child outcomes.

Online food advertisements and the role of emotions in adolescents’ food choices

AbstractAdolescence is a critical period for future health outcomes. Food habits and cognitive development are underway, and it is a period of heightened sensitivity to external influences and emotional shifts. We experimentally test the individual and combined influence of food advertisements and emotional primes (i.e., positive, negative, neutral) on adolescent food choices. Participants completed a food choice task selecting five snacks out of twenty healthy and unhealthy options in an online experiment. Prior to the food choice, we randomized whether adolescents were exposed to unhealthy food or non‐food online advertisements. To induce experimental variation in adolescents’ emotions, they were assigned to watch two, two‐minute film clips validated to elicit the targeted emotion. The online food advertisement did not significantly impact food choices, except that Black and Hispanic groups selected a higher share of calories from unhealthy foods. Participants in a negative emotional state selected more unhealthy sweet snacks. Finally, we find only weak evidence that a positive emotional state amplified the impact of food advertisements on the nutritional quality of food selection. Together, results suggest that while a negative emotional state drives food choices, this pattern occurs independently from food advertisement exposure.

Supplemental Material for Better Relationships Do Not Always Feel Better: Social Relationships Interact in Predicting Negative Emotions in Early Adolescence

Supplemental Material for Better Relationships Do Not Always Feel Better: Social Relationships Interact in Predicting Negative Emotions in Early Adolescence

Different impacts of parental psychological and behavioral control on the cultivation of advantageous strength in Chinese rural adolescent.

Numerous studies have focused on the mental and behavioral problems or negative emotions of adolescents when examining the impact of parental control. However, limited research has explored the relationship between parental control and adolescents' future planning, neglecting the distinctions between parental psychological and behavioral control, as well as the significant roles of personal growth initiative and meaning in life. The present study aims to investigate the differential effects of parental psychological control and behavioral control on the future planning of rural adolescents in China. A sample of 909 individuals (13.60±0.93 years old, 470 boys and 439 girls) completed a self-report questionnaire anonymously. The study utilized the Adolescent Future Orientation Questionnaire, Parental Control Questionnaire, Adolescents' Personal Growth Initiative Scale, and Meaning in Life Questionnaire. The findings revealed that parental control significantly influenced the future planning of Chinese rural adolescents, with psychological control and behavioral control exerting distinct impacts in this process. Specifically, parental psychological control was found to have a direct negative effect on adolescents' future planning, while also exhibiting a positive influence due to the masking effect of meaning in life; it did not negatively affect adolescents' future planning through their personal growth initiative. On the other hand, parental behavioral control was observed to directly and positively impact adolescents' future planning, as well as positively influence it through the mediating role of personal growth initiative and the chain mediating role of personal growth initiative and meaning in life. These results suggest that the influence of parental control on adolescents' future planning is not a simple, singular mechanism, but rather a multi-layered and complex process, yielding mixed outcomes as a result of psychological control, behavioral control, and other factors. This complexity should be taken into consideration in educational practices and future research endeavors.

Clarifying the relation between mother and adolescent borderline personality disorder symptoms: The roles of maternal and adolescent emotion regulation and maladaptive maternal emotion socialization.

Despite evidence for the intergenerational transmission of borderline personality disorder (BPD) pathology from mothers to offspring, the factors underlying the relation between mother and child BPD symptoms remain unclear and little is known about the pathways through which maternal BPD symptoms may relate to BPD symptoms in their offspring. One set of factors that warrants consideration in this regard is mother and child emotion regulation (ER) difficulties. In particular, theory and research suggest an indirect relation between mother and child BPD symptoms through maternal ER difficulties (and related maladaptive emotion socialization strategies) and, subsequently, child ER difficulties. Thus, this study used structural equation modeling to examine a model wherein maternal BPD symptoms relate to offspring BPD symptoms in adolescence through maternal ER difficulties (and maladaptive maternal emotion socialization strategies) and, subsequently, adolescent ER difficulties. A nationwide community sample of 200 mother-adolescent dyads completed an online study. Results provided support for the proposed model, revealing both a direct relation between maternal and adolescent BPD symptoms and two indirect relations through (a) maternal and adolescent ER difficulties and (b) maternal ER difficulties, maternal maladaptive emotion socialization strategies, and adolescent ER difficulties. Results highlight the relevance of both mother and adolescent ER difficulties in the relation between mother and offspring BPD pathology, as well as the potential clinical utility of targeting mother and child ER in interventions aimed at preventing the intergenerational transmission of BPD pathology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

PENGARUH DIFFERENTIATION OF SELF TERHADAP EMOTIONAL REGULATION PADA REMAJA DI JABODETABEK

Stress is a phenomenon that is often found among adolescents. This is because the ability to regulate emotions in adolescents is still very minimal. This becomes quite concerning if emotions cannot be regulated properly because it can lead to affecting mental health such as depression to suicide. The purpose of this research is to see how the role of the dimensions of differentiation of self can contribute to the use of the Emotional Regulation strategy. This study involved respondents with the characteristics of teenagers aged 18-25 years and domiciled in Greater Jakarta. Researchers used a sampling technique in the form of purposive sampling. The results of data collection in the field were 128 respondents but after only 108 respondents were declared valid and involved in the final results of the study. The results of data analysis using the JASP program version 0.15.10, with the multiple linear regression test method. The results of the correlation analysis showed that there was only a significant correlation in Cognitive Reappraisal with the Maintaining Identity dimension. On the other hand, the Expressive Suppression strategy is significantly correlated with all dimensions of the Differentiation of Self. This study has fulfilled all the classic assumption tests and regression tests showing that only the Maintaining Identity dimension can contribute significantly positively to the use of Cognitive Reappraisal strategies. On the other hand, the dimensions of Relational Sensitivity and Emotional Distancing can significantly contribute to the use of Expressive Suppression strategies.

Impact of IAD on Teenagers Emotion Regulation and Anxiety

The probability of adolescents becoming addicted to the Internet has increased as a result of the increasing number of adolescents using the Internet and media. Internet addiction disorder (IAD) cannot be ignored for the mental health of adolescents. This study examines the harm of IAD on adolescents in terms of mental health from two perspectives: the impact of IAD on adolescents emotion regulation and the cause of adolescents anxiety disorders. IAD affects adolescents proper emotion regulation mechanisms from the step of reconceptualization that affects the process of emotion regulation and causes adolescents to suffer from anxiety disorders, which manifests itself in the impact on adolescents social life and lack of self-confidence in their body image Impact. This study calls for increased societal attention to the impact of IAD on adolescent mental health. This study also may provide a basis for future research on IAD prevention strategies by researchers and mental health professionals.

Effects of multidomain environmental and mental health factors on the development of empathetic behaviors and emotions in adolescence.

Empathy is at the core of our social world, yet multidomain factors that affect its development in socially sensitive periods, such as adolescence, are incompletely understood. To address this gap, this study investigated associations between social, environmental and mental health factors, and their temporal changes, on adolescent empathetic behaviors/emotions and, for comparison, callous unemotional (CU) traits and behaviors, in the early longitudinal Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development sample (baseline: n = 11062; 2-year follow-up: n = 9832, median age = 119 and 144 months, respectively). Caregiver affection towards the youth, liking school, having a close friend, and importance of religious beliefs/spirituality in the youth's life were consistently positively correlated with empathetic behaviors/emotions across assessments (p<0.001, Cohen's f = ~0.10). Positive family dynamics and cohesion, living in a neighborhood that shared the family's values, but also parent history of substance use and (aggregated) internalizing problems were additionally positively associated with one or more empathetic behaviors at follow-up (p<0.001, f = ~0.10). In contrast, externalizing problems, anxiety, depression, fear of social situations, and being withdrawn were negatively associated with empathetic behaviors and positively associated with CU traits and behaviors (p<0.001, f = ~0.1-0.44). The latter were also correlated with being cyberbullied and/or discriminated against, anhedonia, and impulsivity, and their interactions with externalizing and internalizing issues. Significant positive temporal correlations of behaviors at the two assessments indicated positive (early) developmental empathetic behavior trajectories, and negative CU traits' trajectories. Negative changes in mental health adversely moderated positive trajectories and facilitated negative ones. These findings highlight that adolescent empathetic behaviors/emotions are positively related to multidomain protective social environmental factors, but simultaneously adversely associated with risk factors in the same domains, as well as bully victimization, discrimination, and mental health problems. Risk factors instead facilitate the development of CU traits and behaviors.

Bidirectional relations between gratitude and depression/anxiety: based on three follow-up data

In the study, 512 high school students from China were followed three times over a two-year period using a follow-up study design. Based on the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, a cross-lagged model was developed to investigate the bidirectional relationship between gratitude and depression/anxiety. The results showed that gratitude was significantly negatively correlated with depression and anxiety. However, gratitude did not significantly negatively predict depression and anxiety in the cross-lag analysis, while depression and anxiety did significantly negatively predict gratitude. Based on the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, this study breaks the direct promoting effect of gratitude on promoting mental health in traditional cognition, and reveals the one-way predicting relationship between depression and anxiety, two typical adverse psychological emotions, on gratitude, which has important theoretical and practical significance for understanding the development of social emotions in adolescents from the perspective of mental health.

Effect of online game policy on smartphone game play time, addiction, and emotion in rural adolescents of China

BackgroundSmartphone game addiction has emerged as a major public health problem in China and worldwide. In November 2019 and August 2021, the National Press and Publication Administration of China implemented two increasingly strict policies, as a means of preventing smartphone game addiction in adolescents aged 18 or below. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the policies on smartphone game play time, addiction, and emotion among rural adolescents in China.MethodsWe sent the questionnaire to rural adolescents through the online survey tool Questionnaire Star, a professional online survey evaluation platform. The questionnaire included demographic data, smartphone use survey, smartphone game addiction and emotion evaluation scales. The Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) measured adolescents’ smartphone game addiction. The Short Version of UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale (SUPPS-P) and Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC) measured emotion. According to SAS-SV score, the enrolled rural adolescents were divided into addiction group and non-addiction group. The t-test, Chi-square test, and repeated measure ANOVA assessed the effect of the policies on adolescents’ smartphone game addiction and emotion.ResultsAmong enrolled 459 rural adolescents with a mean age of 14.36 ± 1.37years, 151 (32.90%) were in the addiction group and 308 (67.10%) were in the non-addiction group. Adolescents in the addiction group were older, more male, and higher grade. There were time and group effects between the two groups in playtime. After a year of policies implementation, the weekly game time dropped from 3.52 ± 1.89 h to 2.63 ± 1.93 h in the addiction group and from 2.71 ± 1.75 h to 2.36 ± 1.73 h in the non-addiction group. There were also time and group effects in SAS-SV and SASC scores, but not for SUPPS-P score. In the addiction group, the SAS-SV score dropped from 41.44 ± 7.45 to 29.58 ± 12.43, which was below the cut-off value for addiction, and the level of social anxiety was consistently higher than non-addiction group.ConclusionsThe playtime of rural adolescents spent on smartphone games has decreased significantly due to the restriction of the policies rather than the lack of addiction or social anxiety. The policies had practically significant effects in reducing smartphone game play time for rural adolescents in China.

Analysis of Angry Behavior and Emotion Regulation Seen in Adolescent Gender in Upper Toundanouw Village, Southeast Minahasa

Angry behavior is an angry emotional response to a stimulus from the environment that is not in accordance with the wishes and is vented into negative actions to express emotions. Emotions play an important role in teenagers' social lives. As individuals who are growing and developing, teenagers tend to be irritable, irritable, easily discouraged, and prone to exploding when they feel offended. Therefore, it is important to develop the ability to manage angry emotions in adolescents. This ability to manage angry emotions is called emotional regulation. Emotional regulation is an individual's ability to accept, control and respond to emotions in an appropriate manner when under pressure. This research aims to analyze anger behavior and emotional regulation seen in adolescent gender in Toundanouw Atas Village, Southeast Minahasa. The research method used in this research was quantitative approach is a type of comparative research. The samples taken in this research were 55 people. Based on the results of data analysis in this study, it can be concluded that the difference in the tendency for angry behavior and emotional regulation in male and female adolescents is in high levels of angry behavior and low emotional regulation, which means that there is no difference in the tendency for angry behavior and emotional regulation in adolescent boys. men and women in Upper Toundanouw Village, Southeast Minahasa. The samples taken in this research were 55 people. Based on the results of data analysis in this study, it can be concluded that the difference in the tendency for angry behavior and emotional regulation in male and female adolescents is in high levels of angry behavior and low emotional regulation, which means that there is no difference in the tendency for angry behavior and emotional regulation in adolescent boys. men and women in Upper Toundanouw Village, Southeast Minahasa. The samples taken in this research were 55 people. Based on the results of data analysis in this study, it can be concluded that the difference in the tendency for angry behavior and emotional regulation in male and female adolescents is in high levels of angry behavior and low emotional regulation, which means that there is no difference in the tendency for angry behavior and emotional regulation in adolescent boys. men and women in Upper Toundanouw Village, Southeast Minahasa

The Influence of Parental Rearing Styles on Adolescents Psychological Development

This research focuses on the importance of adolescent psychological development. Parents play an essential role in the growth of adolescents, and their parenting styles have a prominent impact on their mental health, self-emotional control, social adaptability, and academic performance. Different parenting styles function differently in their physical and mental development. This article adopts the method of literature review to conduct a retrospective analysis of previous studies on the effects of parental rearing style on the psychological development of adolescents. Parents who use critical parenting styles are more likely to lead to psychological problems such as depression in adolescents. Moreover, parents who habitually refuse or overprotect their children are also associated with high anxiety levels and negative emotions in adolescents. Positive parenting will enable adolescents to develop their self-efficacy and social adaptability better. On the contrary, authoritarian or neglectful parents will cause adolescents a greater chance of imbalance in their psychological development. The active participation of parents in parenting can also promote the academic participation of adolescents and affect their academic performance. This review provides insights into how parents can adopt effective parenting styles to promote the psychological development of adolescents in reality.

Digital media exposure and impulsivity in European adolescents – the I.Family study

Abstract Background Emotion-driven impulsiveness (i.e., impulsivity) is associated with obesity in adolescents. Yet, how exposure to digital media (DM) is related to impulsivity in free-living European youth remains unknown. Methods This study included ADHD-free adolescents aged 12-18 years, who participated in the third examination wave of the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort (2013-2014), and who provided information on their impulsivity. Participants self-reported their DM exposure (hours/day), for smartphone, internet, television viewing, and computer/game console (PC). Media multitasking (i.e., simultaneous use of PC with other media) was also reported. Latent class analyses were applied to identify underlying patterns of DM exposure. Generalized linear mixed regressions, adjusted for confounders (e.g., weight status) were used to estimate regression coefficients (β) and 99.9% confidence intervals (CI). Results The analyses included 3222 adolescents (mean age/SD=13.6/1.1; half girls), 26% of whom were with overweight/obesity. The results showed that one additional hour of exposure to smartphones (β, 0.73; 99.9%CI, 0.41-1.06), internet (β, 0.57; 99.9%CI, 0.28-0.86), and higher media multitasking (β, 0.72; 99.9%CI, 0.33-1.11) were positively associated with impulsivity in all participants. The latent class analyses identified four patterns of DM exposure. Adolescents with prolonged smartphone/internet exposure but low PC/medium TV exposure (β, 1.61, 99.9%CI, 0.41, 2.82) showed higher impulsivity score, compared to those with low exposure to all media, especially girls and participants living in two-parent families. Conclusions Prolonged DM exposure is related to being more impulsive in the context of negative emotions in European adolescents. Although future longitudinal research should confirm these findings, they hint at a further underlying mechanism by which DM exposure may lead to obesity and subsequent metabolic disorders. Key messages • Excessive DM exposure is positively related with the emotion-driven impulsiveness of European adolescents. • These findings call for actions to increase adolescents’s psycho-emotional resilience against the digital environment.

Can adolescents' subjective wellbeing facilitate their pro-environmental consumption behaviors? Empirical study based on 15-year-old students.

To address the challenge of declining pro-environmental behaviors in adolescence, this paper uses the theoretical foundations for subjective wellbeing to verify the influence of three latent dimensions of subjective wellbeing (life satisfaction, positive emotions, and negative emotions) on adolescents' pro-environmental consumption behaviors (PECBs). Furthermore, we explore the moderating effects of nations and regions in the relationship between subjective wellbeing and PECBs in adolescents. Based on the international data from the Programme for International Student Assessment 2018 (PISA 2018), we construct a unique dataset that includes 57,182 samples related to the subjective wellbeing and PECBs of 15-year-old students from eight countries/economies. Specially, we employ an ordered probit model to test our hypotheses. Both adolescents' life satisfaction and positive emotions can significantly improve their PECBs, while there is a significant negative association between negative emotions and PECBs. At the nation's level, adolescents' life satisfaction and negative emotions in developed countries/economies significantly impact PECBs. In contrast, the positive emotions of adolescents in developing countries/economies have more substantial effects on PECBs. At the regional level, the impact of all three dimensions of adolescents' subjective wellbeing on PECBs is more significant in rural than urban areas. This paper provides a new perspective for understanding adolescents' PECBs from the insights of subjective wellbeing. Previous studies have examined the effects of life satisfaction or happiness on PECBs in adults. This paper examines the impact of subjective wellbeing on adolescents' PECBs from life satisfaction, positive emotions, and negative emotions, which suggests that promoting adolescents' subjective wellbeing can be an effective strategy for encouraging PECBs. From a comparative research perspective, we further analyze the differences between the nations at different levels of development, the rural and urban areas, providing a valuable reference for policymakers and practitioners in promoting pro-environmental behaviors among adolescents.

Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Disengagement Coping: Associations with Emotions of Youth At-Risk for Huntington's Disease.

Families in which a parent has Huntington's disease (HD) are faced with significant stressors that can contribute to difficulties in communicating together about illness-related concerns. Family members who use more disengagement coping strategies, including denial and avoidance, to deal with illness-related stressors may have the greatest challenges to effective communication. The current study examined the associations of intrapersonal and interpersonal disengagement coping responses with observed and reported emotions of adolescents and young adults (AYA) at genetic risk for HD. Families included 42 AYA (n = 26 females) ages 10 to 34 (M = 19 years, 11 months; SD = 7 years, 6 months) and their parent with HD (n = 22 females, M age = 46 years, 10 months; SD = 9 years, 2 months). Dyads participated in observations of communication and completed questionnaires about disengagement coping and internalizing symptoms. Disengagement coping of AYA was unrelated to their observed and reported emotional difficulties (intrapersonal coping). However, there was evidence for the importance of interpersonal disengagement coping, as AYA's negative affect was observed and reported to be highest when both AYA and their parents reported using high levels of avoidance, denial, and wishful thinking to cope with HD-related stress. The findings underscore the importance of a family-oriented approach to coping and communication in families affected by HD.

Distinguishing dimensions of emotion dynamics across 12 emotions in adolescents' daily lives.

Research on emotion dynamics as indices of emotion functioning has become muddled by conceptual confusion, methodological heterogeneity, and seemingly conflicting results. One way to address this chaos is the study of profiles of emotion dynamics across 12 emotions and how they differ between 246 adolescents. The interpretation of these dynamic profiles was guided by auxiliary variables including age, personality, depressive symptoms, and social experiences. During 6 days, 246 adolescents (Mage = 14.20; 65% female) rated nine times daily the intensity of 12 emotions (cheerful, happy, energetic, joyful, content, relaxed, anxious, worried, irritable, insecure, down, and guilty) and their social experiences with family, friends, and classmates. Additional baseline measures included neuroticism, extraversion (Revised Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Form), and depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale). A three-mode principal component analysis (3MPCA Tucker3-based) model was estimated on the person-specific dynamic parameters of emotional intensity (mean), variability (standard deviation), instability (mean squared successive difference), and inertia (autocorrelation). The 3MPCA identified three emotion-mode components (positive affect, negative affect, and irritability) and three dynamic-mode components (emotional intensity, lability, and inertia). Five individual-mode components captured interactions between these modes, of which positive affect explained most variation in the data. These emotion dynamic profiles correlated differently with social experiences. Additional 3MPCA model structures based on imputed data (correcting missing autocorrelations) and affect scale composites (low- and high-arousal positive and negative affect) showed strong resemblance. The identified emotion dynamic profiles capture meaningful interpersonal differences in adolescents' emotional experiences and change. Future work should focus on irritability and positive affect as these were uniquely informative in adolescents' emotional experiences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).