Admission Procedures Research Articles

Patient-controlled admission contracts: a longitudinal study of patient evaluations

BackgroundMental health professionals usually decide patients’ access to inpatient care to ensure care based on need and potential benefit. The purpose of the current study is to investigate how patients evaluate admissions under a contract of Patient-Controlled Admissions (PCA), where the patient could initiate 5 day stays at a community mental health center at their own discretion.MethodsPatients with a PCA contract in 2011 and 2012 were invited to participate in the study. Staff first recorded clinical baseline values for patients. Towards the end of each PCA stay, staff conducted a structured discharge interview of the admission with the patient. A structured follow-up interview evaluating the PCA arrangement 2 years after inclusion was also performed. We report frequencies from data on PCA requests, PCA admissions and the 2 year evaluation interview, and we used multiple regression models to explore predictors of perceived helpfulness and improvement from the PCA admissions.ResultsThe included patients (n = 74) made 628 requests for PCAs during the 2 years after inclusion, and 507 PCAs took place. The five-day limit could not be upheld in 7.5% of PCAs. Patients rated PCAs as helping considerably (33.1%), a good deal (30.4%) or somewhat (21.1%), and reported feeling considerably (15.2%), a good deal (26.2%) or somewhat (36.3%) better during the admission. Significant predictors of helpfulness and feeling better were socializing more during the stay and reporting higher motivation to get away from a difficult situation or getting to the ward safety and calmness. A diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum or bipolar disorder and more services from mental health specialist care also predicted feeling better during the PCA. In the two-year follow-up interview, 90% rated themselves as very or quite satisfied, and more than 90% would recommend PCAs to others.ConclusionsThe PCA arrangement was feasible and was frequently utilized by patients. Patients were satisfied with PCAs and the PCA arrangement. These short stays seemed particularly helpful for patients with a more severe diagnosis. Strong patient satisfaction gives reasons for testing and implementing increased patient influence on the mental health admission procedures in the form of PCAs.

Knowledge and opinions of patients attending a hospital emergency

Background: The high occupancy rate of hospital emergency departments (ED) necessitates the selection of patients whom an excessively long waiting time for medical assistance may result in deterioration of their health condition or pose a threat to life. Medical categorization plays an important role in the identification of such patients. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge, and opinions, of patients attending the ED regarding the purpose and processes surrounding the use of triage. Material and methods: This study included 123 patients attending the ED of the University Clinical Hospital (UCH) in Opole in the period from January to March 2019. Study participants carried out a questionnaire after leaving the triage room. Results: Most participants (93.50%, n = 115) gave a correct answer to the question of what triage is, and 90.20% (n = 111) gave a correct answer to the question of its purpose. Most patients felt that triage was needed (73.20%, n = 90), and 54.50% (n = 67) felt that ED staff should refer patients without life-threatening conditions to the PHCF (Primary Health Care Facility) or OOHC (Out of Hours Care) unit. Most participants (59.30%, n = 73) were aware of which color to which they had been assigned following medical categorization. Conclusions: The level of knowledge of patients attending the ED regarding the triage process was generally good, but nevertheless ED staff should ensure attendees are provided with information on the urgency category assigned to them and estimated waiting time, as well as information regarding possible delays. Information leaflets or short videos on ED operation and admission procedures may play an important role in the education of patients in waiting rooms.

Graduate University Admission Predictor using Machine Learning

With the increase in the number of graduates who wish to pursue their education, it has become more challenging to get admission for the students in their dream university. Usually, newly graduate students are not knowledgeable of the requirements and the procedures of the postgraduate admission and might spent a considerable amount of money to get advice from consultancy organisations to help them identify their admission chances. Giving the limited number of universities that can be considered by a human consultant, however, this approach might be bias and inaccurate. Higher education in abroad universities generally means we have many options like Canada, USA, UK Germany, Italy, Australia etc. But we are focusing on only the students who want to do their Masters in America. Students who want to do masters in America have to write GRE (Graduate Records Examination) and TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language). Once they have attended the exams they have to prepare their SOP (statement of purpose) and LOR(letter of recommendation) which are one of the crucial factors they have to consider. These LOR and SOP plays a vital role if the student was looking for any scholarship. Prospective graduate students always face a dilemma deciding universities of their choice while applying to master's programs. While there are a good number of predictors and consultancies that guide a student, they aren't always reliable since decision is made on the basis of select past admissions. So, with increasing demand of further education, one must not be confused in where to apply. Then the students have to choose the universities they want to study or apply, we cannot apply to all the universities that will lead to lot of application fees. Here comes the problem that the student doesn’t know to which university he might get admission. There are some online blogs which help in these matters but they are not that much accurate and don't consider all the factors and there are some consultancy offices which will take lot of our money and time and sometimes they will give some false information.so our goal is to develop a model which will tell the students their chance of admission into a respective university. This model should consider all the crucial factors which plays a vital role in student admission process and should have high accuracy.

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections among patients admitted to intensive care units in Kano, Nigeria

Background: Globally, intensive care units (ICUs) are encountering emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, and for some pathogens, there are few therapeutic options available. Objectives: The study assessed prevalence, susceptibility pattern, and risk factors of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections among ICU patients in Kano, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was used to study 190 patients admitted to the ICUs of two tertiary hospitals in Kano. Antibiotic susceptibility of isolated organisms was determined by disc diffusion technique. Suspected carbapenemase producers were further subjected to the modified Hodge test (MHT) method for confirmation. Results: A total of 76 out of the 190 samples yielded clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae as follows: 34 (44.7%) Escherichia coli, 19 (25%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, 3 (3.9%) Proteus mirabilis, 4 (5.3%) Enterobacter aerogenes, 3 (3.9%) Proteus vulgaris, 2 (2.6%) Citrobacter freundii, 2 (2.6%) Klebsiella ozaenae, 2 (2.6%) Klebsiella oxytoca, 2 (2.6%) Salmonella subsp. 3b, 2 (2.6%) Enterobacter agglomerans, 2 (2.6%) Enterobacter cloacae, and 1 (1.3%) Serratia odorifera. Screening the Enterobacteriaceae-positive samples for carbapenem resistance using ertapenem disc (10 μg) showed 8 samples (10.5%) as resistant while MHT gave a carbapenem resistance prevalence of 7.9% (6 out of 76). Based on multiplex polymerase chain reaction; the distributions of genotypes of the carbapenemase producers were as follows: Verona Integron Metallo-beta-lactamase (VIM) genes only (4 [50%]) New Delhi Metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM) genes only (2 [25%]), and 1 (12.5%) had Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) and VIM gene coexisting. Surgical procedure (P = 0.009) and history of recent admission (P = 0.001) were found to be risk factors for CRE. Conclusion: The study provided evidence of the presence of CRE infections among patients admitted to ICUs in the study centers. This underscores the need for effective infection prevention and control measures to avoid the spread of CRE in hospital setting.

Admission to the citizenship of the Republic of Uzbekistan in a simplified manner basics and conditions

The article analyzes the basics, conditions and procedure for admission to citizenship in a simplified manner in the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan, reveals the existing collisions and legal gaps.On the basis of international standards and comparative-legal analysis of the legislation of the CIS countries, proposals and recommendations were made to eliminate them.

СУДОВА ОХОРОНА ЯК ОДНА ІЗ ГАРАНТІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ СУДІВ В УКРАЇНІ

The article reveals the features of judicial protection as one of the key guarantees of the activities of courts in Ukraine. It has been established that the peculiarities of judicial protection as one of the key guarantees of the activities of courts in Ukraine are regulated by the Constitution of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine «On state protection of employees of the court and law enforcement agencies», the Law of Ukraine «On the National Police», the Law of Ukraine «On the judicial system and the status of judges», by the decision of the High Council of Justice «On approval of the Regulations on the Judicial Protection Service», by the Decision of the Council of Judges of Ukraine «On measures to ensure the safety of courts and judges, the protection of courts and persons involved in the implementation of legal proceedings». It was determined that, in addition to the Judicial Protection Service, security functions are performed by units of the National Police of Ukraine and units of the National Guard of Ukraine. It was found that the Judicial Protection Service is a state body that functions in the justice system and whose main task is to ensure the protection and maintenance of proper order in the courts. It has been established that the Judicial Protection Service is subordinate to the High Council of Justice, and the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine controls the activities of the Judicial Protection Service. It was determined that the procedure for the passage of service by employees of the Judicial Protection Service is established in accordance with the procedure approved by the High Council of Justice, moreover, on the proposal of the Head of the Judicial Protection Service and in agreement with the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine. It was found that the safety of judges, as well as the protection of court buildings, is one of the main guarantees of the independence of judges and the justice system as a whole. It has been established that in order to increase the effectiveness of judicial protection, initiated cooperation has been established with the Ukrainian-Canadian Judicial Reform Support Project, as well as have been developed and implemented the Ukrainian-Canadian Judicial Reform Support Project and the European Union «Law-Justice» Project . It is noted that the structure of the Judicial Protection Service consists of the central governing body and territorial offices of the Service. It is proposed in the perspective of further research to reveal the legal features of the procedure for admission to the position of candidates for service in the Judicial Protection Service.

Правові аспекти працевлаштування висококваліфікованих працівників-мігрантів у Європейському Союзі

The article analyzes the key changes in the secondary law of the European Union in the field of legal regulation of employment of highly qualified migrant workers. The purpose of the article is to analyze the legal aspects of employment of highly qualified migrant workers in the European Union on the basis of existing scientific achievements, legal acts and other sources. This sets a number of tasks, in particular: to clarify the specifics of the legal aspects of the employment of highly qualified migrant workers in the European Union; to reveal the essence of the EU Directive 2009/50 on blue cards and Directive 2016/801 on the conditions of entry and residence of third-country nationals for the purpose of research, training, retraining, volunteering, student exchange or educational projects and work on the au pair program; to identify current trends in the legal regulation of employment of highly qualified migrant workers in the European Union. The methodological basis of the article is marked by the use of the method of analysis and synthesis, the method of deduction and induction, the method of prediction and the method of modeling. Research of the legal aspects of the employment of highly qualified migrant workers in the European Union would also be impossible without the use of special methods, which include comparative law, historical law, formal law and structural-functional methods. Scientific novelty. Given the need for the European Union to attract highly qualified migrants, the reform of legislation governing the immigration of highly qualified migrants should be aimed at reducing barriers to entry and simplifying and harmonizing the admission procedure for highly qualified third-country nationals. In addition, a blue card does not have to be a temporary work permit. In this context, it is possible to propose an increase in the period of issuance of a blue card from three to five years, which will allow highly skilled migrant workers to obtain a permanent residence permit later in accordance with European Union law. Conclusions. Within the European Union, one of the reforms in the field of legal regulation of employment of highly qualified migrant workers was the adoption of the Blue Card Directive. The objectives of this Directive have been to regulate the migration processes of highly qualified immigrants in the European Union and to introduce a single application procedure for highly qualified immigrants. However, today the national immigration policies of the Member States of the European Union towards highly qualified workers differ significantly. That is, despite the fact that the Blue Card was introduced to attract highly qualified migrants to the European Union, most Member States are not ready to delegate decisions in this area to the supranational level of the European Union institutions. In this context, it is also important to transfer the legal regulation of highly qualified immigration to the supranational level of the European Union and to harmonize this area with the national legislation of the Member States of the European Union. Keywords: migration; labor migration; third-country nationals; blue card; highly qualified migrants.

Prone positioning in COVID-19: Same for all?

Proning is a medically admissible procedure in which a patient is turned onto their abdomen from their back, by precise, accurate, and secure motions. This procedure often finds itself in use as an adjunctive in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is a dreadful complication of many respiratory infections, including the disease of the moment: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, COVID-19 can lead to a plethora of complications, with ARDS, causing breathing difficulties and leading to hazardously low levels of oxygen in the blood, taking the forefront. The treatment of this condition often requires invasive ventilation; and to decrease the strain on resources providing such, several protocols have been observed to improve the breathing capability and enhance oxygen exchange, of which one is prone positioning. Here, we review various literature regarding the proning procedure in COVID-19 patients and elaborate the efficacy, merits, and demerits.

Predictive power of high school educational attainment and the medical aptitude test for performance during the Bachelor program in human medicine at the University of Bern: a cohort study.

Prior high school educational attainment and medical aptitude tests are two of the most frequently used selection procedures for admission to medical school. Both of these have been shown to correlate with future performance. However, there is a need for further analysis of the combined impact of these two admissions tools and comparison of their predictive value for future performance. At present, successful completion of high school (Matura) and an aptitude test (Eignungstest Medizinstudium Schweiz, EMS; Swiss Aptitude Test in Medicine) are used for admission to all medical schools in the German-speaking part of Switzerland. The purpose of this study was to explore the predictors that are most decisive for performance in undergraduate medical education. More precisely, we were interested in the contributions of the Matura grade and the EMS score to explanations of performance in the Bachelor program of Medicine at the University of Bern. Matura grades, EMS score and performance in the Bachelor program of Medicine were collected for 730 students from four cohorts. Of these, 277 graduated from high school with a biology-chemistry major. Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted for each study year and type of examination to determine which predictors affected performance during undergraduate medical education. These data show that Matura grades are an important predictor for performance in undergraduate medical education. The EMS score had no impact when the Matura grades were part of the analysis. The biology-chemistry major grade was a predictor for performance in the first year of undergraduate study. From the second academic year onwards, past performance in the bachelor’s program was the best predictor for future performance during undergraduate medical education. Students’ Matura grades predicted their subsequent performance in undergraduate medical education in the bachelor’s program of the University of Bern. In contrast, EMS scores do not explain any additional variance in students’ performance throughout the entire bachelor’s program. These findings suggest a need for rethinking the admission process.

The “ironic” fair process effect: A perceived fair naturalization procedure spurs anti-immigration attitudes through increased host national identification among naturalized citizens

A growing body of research has shown that naturalized citizens’ attitudes towards immigration worsen following citizenship acquisition. Accordingly, these socially mobile individuals tend to distance themselves from their former immigrant ingroup. The present contribution explains such self–group distancing coping strategy in terms of an “ironic” procedural fairness effect. Study 1 ( N = 566), a survey conducted among naturalized Swiss citizens, showed that fairness perceptions with respect to the naturalization process were indeed associated with stronger anti-immigration attitudes, and that this relationship was mediated by identification with the host nation. Next, two experiments were conducted to demonstrate the causality of the hypothesized mediation model. In Study 2 (Experiment 1; N = 248), fairness of the admission procedure (accurate vs. inaccurate) increased identification with a desirable group. In Study 3 (Experiment 2; N = 141), administration of a national identity prime evoked stronger anti-immigration attitudes. Taken together, our findings highlight a somewhat “dark side” of procedural fairness.

Capitalising on opportunities: Malnutrition coding in hospital before and after the introduction of electronic health records with an embedded malnutrition screening tool.

During conversion from paper to electronic documentation at a tertiary hospital, the Malnutrition Screening Tool was embedded into the electronic health record (e-HR) with nursing staff's completion continued as part of admission procedures with dietetic referrals automated. Currently, the impact of e-HR implementation on malnutrition identification is unknown. Consequently, this retrospective pre-test post-test study compared one year of malnutrition coding in a tertiary teaching hospital two years before and after e-HR implementation automating malnutrition screening referrals to dietitians with subsequent malnutrition assessment completion. Eligibility included adults (≥18yrs) admitted overnight or longer during the 2013/2014 and 2017/2018 financial years. Requested hospital data included demographics, admission data and coding for malnutrition and dietitian intervention. Eligible admissions prior to e-HR implementation were classified as pre-e-HR group, with admissions after classified as post-e-HR. Descriptive, Fisher's exact, Mann-Whitney U and independent samples t-tests were used to compare groups. Patient admissions pre-e-HR (n=37,143) and post-e-HR (n=36,625) implementation were clinically similar in age, gender and length of stay (57 ± 19 years, 60% male, 3 (1-918) days). However, the numbers of admissions coded annually with malnutrition increased by 47% from 1436 to 2116 following e-HR implementation (p<0.001). The proportion of eligible patients who were malnourished on admission and not seen by a dietitian during admission decreased one third from 6.5% to 4.8% (p=0.042). Malnutrition coding increased by 47% after an e-HR implementation with an embedded malnutrition screening tool that automated referrals to dietitians impacting the identification of care to optimize nutritional status.

Counter-reforming through reactionary populism: a failing attempt to restrain a major school admission reform in Chile

ABSTRACT In 2019, the right-wing Government of Chile was expected to implement a substantial reform regarding student assignment to schools that had been passed by the previous administration (the School Inclusion Law). While implementing this policy, in 2019, the former minister of education directed a populist campaign aiming to change policy directions coined the Just Admission Project (JAP). Such policy debates have critical implications regarding the functioning of school choice in Chile. This paper analyzes the JAP as a case study of reactionary neoliberal populism. Framed by such conceptualization of populism, this paper develops a statistical analysis to model the potential influence of the JAP bill on school choice opportunities while comparing with the recently implemented new assignment system from the Inclusion Law (NSAS). We show the results of simulations representing how students would have been assigned to schools for the 2019 school year had the admission procedure been the JAP instead of the NSAS.

Wildlife nursing - part one: an introduction and literature review

: Nursing of British wildlife species are not included in the curricula for most veterinary nursing training programmes. Yet, when presented with wildlife casualties in practice, veterinary nurses (VNs) are expected to fulfil their professional, legal and ethical responsibilities towards them. Part one of this article will discuss these responsibilities along with the triage procedures, expenses, risks and admission procedures of wildlife presented in veterinary practice.

An examination of the relationship between perceived service quality and patients’ satisfaction towards healthcare services

This study attempted to measure the influence of various hospital service quality on patient's satisfaction. This study identified five dimensions of hospital service quality. These are: Clinical Care, Admission Procedure, Reliability, Trust, and Infrastructure. This study was conducted in Bellary city in Karnataka. This study employed the questionnaire method to collect data from the patients. The examination findings have huge implications for hospital administrators. This study can also be used as a tool by the hospital administrator to recognise various dimensions of hospital service quality where improvements are needed to enhance patient’s satisfaction. Keywords: Clinical care, Trust, Reliability, Infrastructure, Service quality.

"QUALITY" OF STANDARDIZATION OF ADMISSION TO MUNICIPAL PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION AS A CORRUPTION RISK "FILTER" IN ACTIVITY OF PUBLIC SERVANTS

"QUALITY" OF STANDARDIZATION OF ADMISSION TO MUNICIPAL PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION AS A CORRUPTION RISK "FILTER" IN ACTIVITY OF PUBLIC SERVANTS

Abnormal Head Size in Children and Adolescents with Congenital Nervous System Disorders or Neurological Syndromes with One or More Neurodysfunction Visible since Infancy.

The current study was designed to investigate co-occurrence of absolute/relative microcephaly, absolute/relative macrocephaly and congenital nervous system disorders or neurological syndromes with symptoms visible since infancy, based on fundamental data acquired during the admission procedure at a neurological rehabilitation ward for children and adolescents. The study applied a retrospective analysis of data collected during the hospitalization of 327 children and adolescents, aged 4–18 years, affected since infancy by congenital disorders of the nervous system and/or neurological syndromes associated with a minimum of one neurodysfunction. To identify subjects with absolute/relative microcephaly, absolute/relative macrocephaly in the group of children and adolescents, the adopted criteria took into account z-score values for head circumference (z-score hc) and head circumference index (z-score HCI). Dysmorphological (x+/−3s) and traditional (x+/−2s) criteria were adopted to diagnose developmental disorders of head size. Regardless of the adopted criteria, absolute macrocephaly often coexists with state after surgery of lumbar myelomeningocele and hydrocephalus, isolated hydrocephalus, hereditary motor and sensory polyneuropathy, and Becker’s muscular dystrophy (p < 0.001, p = 0.002). Absolute macrocephaly is often associated with neural tube defects and neuromuscular disorders (p = 0.001, p = 0.001). Relative microcephaly often occurs with non-progressive encephalopathy (p = 0.017, p = 0.029). Absolute microcephaly, diagnosed on the basis of traditional criteria, is often associated with epilepsy (p = 0.043). In children and adolescents with congenital nervous system disorders or neurological syndromes with one or more neurodysfunction visible since infancy, there is variation in abnormal head size (statistically significant relationships and clinical implications were established). The definitions used allowed for the differentiation of abnormal head size.

Characteristics, predictors and outcomes after unprotected left main stem primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract Background Reports about outcomes of patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for unprotected left main (ULM) coronary artery are limited. We aimed to investigate the characteristics, in-hospital and the long-term outcomes of these patients. Methods From a high-volume, single-centre, prospective registry, in a period from 2009–2019, we identified 111 pts (0.96%) who undergone primary PCI for ULM culprit lesion. The short- and the long-term outcomes in this subset was evaluated and compared to 9463 (82.5%) patients undergoing pPCI for lesions located in other segments (Non-LM group). Technical success was defined as final TIMI 3 flow in both, left main and distal vessels, anterior descending and circumflex artery, without significant residual stenosis (&amp;gt;20% following balloon angioplasty or stent implantation) and side branch compromise (residual stenosis &amp;gt;75%). Results Patients with ULM were older and more likely to present as Non-ST-elevation MI (77% vs. 93%; p&amp;lt;0.000) and in cardiogenic shock (40% vs. 2.2%; p&amp;lt;0.000), having less occlusive disease with TIMI 0–1 flow prior to PCI (44% vs. 78%; p&amp;lt;0.000) compared to Non-LM patients. Also, greater procedure complexity was observed with longer lesions &amp;gt;20mm (50% vs. 29%; p&amp;lt;0.000), more intraluminal thrombus (86% vs. 45%; p&amp;lt;0.000), greater number (1,48±0,9 vs. 1,28±0,7; p&amp;lt;0.01) and longer stents (30,5±15,8 vs. 27,4±14,3; p=0.028), more GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors (32% vs. 23%; p=0.022), intra-aortic counterpulsations (7% vs. 0.6%; p&amp;lt;0.000) and contrast media used (202±96 vs. 172±66; p&amp;lt;0.000) in ULM group. Despite obtaining comparable rates of final TIMI 3 flow in main branch (91.9% vs. 95.4%; p=0.084), patients with LMCA had significantly higher in-hospital (27% vs. 4.7%: p&amp;lt;0.000), and one-year all-cause mortality (41% vs. 11%: p&amp;lt;0.000), but for the remaining duration of clinical follow-up (available for 97.8% pts, median duration 51±37 months) survival rates were comparable between ULM and Non-LM pts (18% vs. 15%: p=0.506) (Figure 1). Regression analysis showed that final TIMI 3 in main branch at 30 days (HR 0.05 [95% CI 0.005–0.604]; p=0.018), while peri-procedural cardiogenic shock (hazard ratio (HR) 8.3 [95% CI 2.5–28.1]; p=0.001), creatinine clearance &amp;lt;60 ml/min (HR 7.5 [95% CI 2.3–25.1]; p=0.001) and technical success (HR 0.16 [95% CI 0.45–0.57]; p=0.005) at 5 years, independently predicted mortality in ULM patients. Conclusions Despite performance of primary PCI, patients with MI due to ULM lesions are associated with worse in-hospital and one-year mortality but following that period mortality was comparable to control group. Suboptimal final coronary flow best predicted the 30 day, while peri-procedural cardiogenic shock, renal dysfunction at admission and suboptimal technical procedure result, predicted long-term mortality in these patients. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Hand Microbial Flora of Hospitalized Children at the Beginning of Hospitalization and Before Discharge: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Hospital infections in pediatric units increase the length of hospital stay and the use of antibiotics, and this causes exposure to more procedures. This study was aimed to determine the microorganisms represented in the hand flora of pediatric patients at the beginning of hospitalization and before discharge. The study was designed as a prospective cross-sectional study. This prospective study was performed with 124 pediatric patients. After completion of the admission procedures, an initial sample was taken from the hands of the hospitalized patients. Another sample was taken from the patients just before discharging. Growth of coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CNS) was observed in the culture samples of 28 patients. Cultures from 23 patients showed different microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and S. epidermis. Examination of final discharge cultures showed CNS in 43 patients, S. aureus in 5 patients, E. coli in 8 patients, Acinetobacter baumannii in 11 patients, and Kocuria rhizophila, K. kristinae, Candida spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Enterococcus in 1 patient. The cultures from samples obtained at discharge showed the presence of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microorganisms causing healthcare associated infection.

Management of COVID-19 patients in Fangcang shelter hospital: clinical practice and effectiveness analysis.

Fangcang shelter (Cabin) hospitals were set up in order to cope with the rapid growth of confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in Wuhan, China at a time when there were insufficient beds in designated hospitals. This paper describes the layout and functioning of a typical Fangcang shelter hospital, Wuhan Dongxihu Fangcang shelter Hospital, where the author has worked, the working mechanism, experience and effectiveness. A set of patient management protocols was employed for daily practice, which included preset criteria and procedure for admission, examination, medication treatment, referral and discharge. WeChat platform with different groups was used for communication, ward round, test appointments and patient data communication. All these procedures and mechanisms of working enabled the effective management of a larger number of patients with relatively few doctors. As a result, 442 mild or moderate COVID‐19 patients in Hall C were successfully managed by a team of 40 doctors, with 246 (56%) patients were cured and discharged from the Fangcang shelter hospital while the remaining 196 (44%) patients were referred on to designated hospitals for further treatment. The reasons for referral included poor resolution in computerized tomography (CT) scan (59%), persistently positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 by PCR after 9 days of admission (16%), deterioration in CT image (4%), development of dyspnoea (1%) and other (4%) or unclear reasons (16%) due to no record of reasons for referral on the document. There were no deaths and no complaints from the patients in Hall C. In summary, the Fangcang shelter hospital could be run successfully with a set of patient management protocols under conditions of limited facilities and medical staff. It was effective and safe in isolating patients, providing basic medical care and early identification of potential severe cases. This experience may provide a successful example of a working mechanism for the prevention and control of the COVID‐19 pandemic worldwide.

Management strategies in a thoracic surgery ward during COVID-19 pandemic: Experience from West China Hospital.

The coronavirus disease 2019 was first reported in Wuhan in December 2019 and then spread rapidly throughout the world. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease 2019 a pandemic. In response to the pandemic, the management division of West China Hospital oversaw the implementation of hospital-wide emergency measures. In accordance with these measures, the hospital's thoracic surgery ward implemented a new management system by reformulating staff training plans, patient admission procedures, and other systems for managing the ward and protecting perioperative patients. Overall, the ward was successful in restoring normal working order, protecting all staff from occupational exposures, and ensuring the safety of inpatients and their families.