To assess the negative consequences of the use of deicing agents, the authors studied the superficial deposits in the Western Administrative District of Moscow in April-May and September in 2015. They established that, during the summer period, readily soluble salts are washed out from the upper layer due to the percolative regime and light granulometric composition (coarse texture) of urban surface soils, and only some part of these salts retains in the lower part of the soil strata. However, in the winter-spring period new portions of salts enter the soils with deicing agents, and this almost completely compensates their removal. The spatial distribution of readily soluble salts is characterized by technogenic anomalies along motor roads. These anomalies are 30–50 m wide and have several maximums of salt concentrations at various depths and at various distances from a road. This is due to episodic inputs of large portions of deicing agents. The authors revealed a weak solonetzicity (not expressed morphologically) of the surface deposits of the district due to annual input of sodium with thawed water. They recommended to perform a set of measures aimed at the reduction of the input of toxic salts with deicing agents and at the decrease of the content of these salts in the root layer.