Adequate Rest Research Articles

Abstract MP08: Association of a Mediterranean Lifestyle With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study From UK Biobank

Background: There is strong evidence that the Mediterranean diet protects from cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, beyond diet, the Mediterranean lifestyle may have synergistic effects through the combination of other health behaviors, such as adequate rest or sociability. While most evidence on this lifestyle pattern comes from Mediterranean countries, little is known about the health effects of a Mediterranean lifestyle in non-Mediterranean populations. Our aim was to examine the association between a Mediterranean lifestyle index (MEDLIFE) and all-cause, (CVD), and cancer mortality in a British population. Methods: We used data from 110,799 individuals free of CVD or cancer, aged 40-69 years, from the UK Biobank cohort, who were followed from 2006-2010 to 2020. The Mediterranean lifestyle was assessed through the validated 26-item MEDLIFE index derived from the lifestyle questionnaire and from 2 or more Oxford WebQ Online 24-hour diet recalls. MEDLIFE comprised three blocks: a) Block 1 (13 items): Mediterranean food consumption, b) Block 2 (7 items): Mediterranean dietary habits, c) Block 3 (6 items): Physical activity, rest, social habits, and conviviality. Mortality was obtained from the death register records. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used to analyse associations between MEDLIFE and all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. Results: After a mean 9.4-year follow-up, 4,247 deaths were identified. Higher adherence to the MEDLIFE index was associated with lower all-cause and cancer mortality in a dose-response manner. Compared to the first quartile of adherence to the MEDLIFE, the increasingly higher quartiles had a HR (95% CI) of 0.89 (0.81 -0.97), 0.81 (0.74-0.89) and 0.71 (0.65-0.78), p-trend <0.001, for all-cause mortality; and 0.90 (0.80-1.01), 0.83 (0.74-0.93) and 0.72 (0.64-0.82), p -trend <0.001, for cancer mortality. All MEDLIFE blocks were independently associated with lower risk of all-cause and cancer death, and block 3 with lower CVD mortality. Conclusions: A Mediterranean lifestyle was associated to reduced all-cause and cancer-mortality in British middle-aged and older adults; this suggests that adopting a Mediterranean lifestyle adapted to the local characteristics of non-Mediterranean populations is possible and can be part of a healthy lifestyle.

Naturopathic Management of Acute Pediatric Respiratory Infections: A Modified Delphi Study.

Objective: Both the United Nations and the World Health Organization have identified antimicrobial resistance as a significant threat to global health. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention identified five pediatric respiratory conditions as requiring particular scrutiny in terms of antibiotic stewardship. This study sought to identify strategies used by experienced naturopathic practitioners to treat acute respiratory infections in children. The authors theorize that naturopathic strategies safely fill the gap between watchful waiting and antibiotic prescription, thus reducing the use of antibiotics. Methods: Naturopathic practitioners in Canada, the United States, and Australia with a minimum of 5 years of experience in clinical naturopathic care of children were recruited for a modified Delphi study. A 14-person panel of practitioners was selected to complete a series of four iterative surveys assessing agreement to statements in five domains of knowledge/attitudes, assessment/diagnosis, management, monitoring, and education. Items were deemed to have reached consensus if they reached a predetermined threshold of 70% agreement, or failed to reach a threshold of 40% agreement. Items between these boundaries were modified and retested until either consensus was reached or the four surveys had been completed. Results: Results yielded a large degree of agreement on core naturopathic approaches to the management of acute pediatric respiratory infections, especially lifestyle strategies, including adequate rest and dietary recommendations. The use of vitamins C and D was strongly supported, as were herbs, particularly echinacea and elderberry. Some hydrotherapy and topical applications specific to the individual focus on infection also reached consensus. Results suggested that most respondents, even if they have the authority to prescribe antibiotics, rarely deem it necessary to do so. Conclusion: Findings of this study provide (1) clarity on the role of naturopathic doctors in the management of pediatric health concerns and the stewardship of antibiotics; and (2) initial guidance to less experienced naturopathic practitioners. The findings also identify key priorities for research into the safety and effectiveness of naturopathic interventions to reduce the unnecessary prescribing of antibiotics.

OVERVIEW OF SERUM CREATININE LEVELS IN TRADITIONAL GOLD MINING WORKERS IN EAST MAMUNGA’A VILLAGE

Creatinine is a kind of chemical in the body indicating damage to body cells. The levels in the blood indicate how much damage to body cells. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of serum creatinine levels in traditional gold mining workers in East Mamunga'a Village in 2021.This research is descriptive with a quantitative approach. The population in this study were all traditional gold mining workers with a total sample of 35 people. The sampling method used Accidental Sampling. The examination of serum creatinine levels using the Jaffe Reaction method and measured using a Spectrophotometer biosystem BTS 350. The types of data used were primary data and secondary data with data sourced from interviews and documentation. Furthermore, the data were analyzed univariate.The results show that 15 samples (42.9%) of serum creatinine are abnormal and 20 samples (57.1%) are normal. Serum creatinine levels that do not increase or are declared normal are caused by traditional gold mining workers adopting a healthy lifestyle. The conclusion is that traditional gold mining workers experience an increase in serum creatinine levels less than normal. The need to maintain a healthy lifestyle such as adequate rest during mining activities, consuming mineral water, and not consuming excessive supplements so as not to increase serum creatinine levels.

PERAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA KEBUGARAN JASMANI REMAJA

Physical fitness becomes a problem in Indonesia because it is categorized in the poor category, especially for adolescents aged 10-19 years. Adolescents are expected to have good physical fitness as they are about to enter productive age. Physical fitness is defined as the ability of a person to perform daily physical tasks optimally, even doing several additional physical activities without causing significant fatigue. Factors that affect a person's physical fitness consist of internal and external factors. Internal factors refer those that have settled from within the body such as genetics, age, and gender. Meanwhile, external factors include physical activity, nutritional status, health status, adequate rest, smoking habit, and haemoglobin levels. Haemoglobin is a protein complex consisting of haeme and globin, rich in iron, and whose function is to carry oxygen from the lungs to body tissues or throughout the body. Anaemia define when the haemoglobin levels in a person's blood is lower than normal. Anaemia is a problem in various communities all over the world, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. According to the Ministry of Health of Indonesia in 2013, the prevalence rate of anaemia in all age groups was 21.70%. Symptoms of low haemoglobin levels are weakness, fatigue, poor work productivity, and difficulty in concentrating. This mechanism is caused by decreased oxygen uptake and reduced oxygen capacity to be transported to body tissues, affecting physical fitness. This literature review discusses the role of haemoglobin levels in physical fitness, in order to improve physical fitness.

Survey of Interest in Pencak Silat Extracurricular Training in Madrasah Aliyah Poncokusumo District Malang 2021/2022

This research is to find out the size of the student's interest in pencak silat extracurricular at Madrasah Aliyah in the Poncokusumo district after the covid -19 pandemic, which was initially limited, then after Covid ended, the extras started again. Demands to maintain physical fitness by exercising, taking vitamins and adequate rest. In research, interest is defined as interest or liking for one thing or activity without coercion. To achieve a non-academic achievement goal, the extracurricular management from the school is to manage all matters relating to extracurricular activities. In this study using descriptive quantitative survey method using techniques in data collection, namely by using a questionnaire/questionnaire. Sampling of 20 students who attend Madrasah in Poncokusumo sub-district. This research uses quota sampling technique. The results showed interest in participating in extracurricular pencak silat 14 (70%) students had a high interest, and 4 (20%) students had a very high interest. The details on the indicators are intrinsic, namely 9 (45%) students have a very high category of interest in pencak silat and 9 (45%) students have a high category. On extrinsic indicators, 3 (15%) students have a very high interest in pencak silat and 15 (75%) students have a high interest in pencak silat.

The Capability Approach: A Suitable Theoretical Framework to Improve Legal Protection of Domestic Workers in China

Applying the capability approach to analyse the deficiencies in the legal protection for workers in China is in a preliminary stage. Existing research largely uses the fact of whether workers can obtain labour protection as a standard to distinguish whether a worker has adequate legal protection. Although having legal rights is a prerequisite for workers to obtain adequate legal protection, focusing solely on the entitlement of legal rights ignores the enjoyment of legal rights and the diversity of personal preferences. In particular, even if they are given labour protection, domestic workers may be unable to enjoy these legal rights due to the special characteristic of domestic work. The capability approach emphasises not only the entitlement of legal rights but also, more importantly, the enjoyment of those rights. The analysis of legal protection for domestic workers, underpinned by the capability approach, thus reveals not only the inadequate legal rights for domestic workers but also factors that hinder their enjoyment of legal rights. Similarly, developing legal protection for domestic workers based on their capability not only ensures adequate legal rights for them but also contributes to the development of enforceable legal rights. This article argues that the capability approach is a suitable theoretical framework to analyse the inadequate legal protection of workers, particularly that of domestic workers in China. In addition, it analyses the connection between defective legislation and inadequate capabilities of domestic workers regarding obtaining adequate income and rest.

Long-Distance Travelling of Athletes Prior Matches with its Reported Consequences on Players Performance in Nigeria

Nowadays, players are required to travel both locally and internationally including short distances of less than 3 hours and long distances. The subsequent travel fatigue may result in several consequences. Football leagues all over the world thrive on a lot of travelling by clubs, supporters, spectators and officials. In Nigeria, travelling from the Northern part of the country to the southern part can take as much as eight hours, while a journey from the North to the South lasts sometimes more than 24 hours due to poor road networks of Nigeria roads and other unforeseen circumstances like robbery, traffic congestion and road traffic accident. The incidence of travelling by road transportation with its consequences have remained unabated over time in Nigeria. The situation can be said to be due to several factors such as dearth of funds, poor road network and inconsistency and non-adherence to calendar/time table over the past five football seasons in Nigeria league. It is therefore recommended that players should have adequate rest before and after each match, The government should improve the road infrastructure and league managers committee should have a working calendar for effective date of kick off and end time of each season.

How to Scientifically Modify the Pandemic Response and Keep Zero COVID-19 in Long Term

COVID-19 is serious infectious disease that undermines people’s health, to control and prevent the pandemic is necessary for people’s health only by which the economy could develop. However, the pandemic has been popular for three years and people are getting tired to combat the pandemic while it is still compulsory to have zero COVID-19 infection for people’s health. By several researches done by the author, the COVID-19 pandemic could be controlled and prevented, one could recover health from an infection by adequate rest and proper nutrition which includes moderate alcohol combined with protein-rich food by oneself, and one must obey doctor’s advice when using medicine if it was necessary sometimes, some medicines such as antibiotics can’t be used together with alcohol since toxicity would be induced by their interaction; thereby, a pandemic could be defeated when all people recovered health and one definitely is not infectious anymore as long as he had no symptom, the pandemic would never be back as long as there is no other unknown infectious source.

How to Scientifically Respond to the COVID-19 Pandemic to Recover all People’s Health to Get Zero-Covid

The COVID-19 pandemic is serious risk to one’s health, one can’t be infected since it leads to heavy symptoms such as pneumonia or even death, and one must have rest to recover health before exercising when he was infected, because one’s heart, lungs and brain would be severely hurt if he didn’t take rest during the infection. Currently we could recover health from infection by enhancing nutrition, taking alcohol (only good alcohol with only ethanol but no toxic methanol could we drink, methanol is toxic, it leads to blind and death) combined with protein-rich food, having adequate rest, and taking medicines when it is necessary, reminding some medicines can’t be used together with alcohol, and one would be less infectious after he recovered health since he has stronger immunity to prevent infection, one had no infectivity as long as he had no symptom. However, the infection still threatens one’s health and life and one can’t exercise before he recovered health, all people must recover health to get zero-Covid before we release the control and prevention to resume our normal studying, exercising, work and life with a safe and healthy environment. All people must keep healthy and absolutely nobody could lose health.

Mediteranska ishrana i stil života

The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is characterized by a high intake of fruit, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and olive oil, moderate consumption of poultry and fish, and a limited intake of red meat and minimal processed foods. It has been associated with many health benefits, including the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases, and certain types of cancer, as well as increased longevity and reduced risk of mortality. The protective effects of the MedDiet are related to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The MedDiet is not only a health-promoting dietary pattern, but it is also environmentally sustainable, showing a negative correlation with greenhouse gas emissions, among other environmental indicators. In addition to the MedDiet, the Mediterranean lifestyle, which involves regular physical activity, adequate rest, and socializing during meals, has also been linked to beneficial health outcomes. Preventive strategies for noncommunicable diseases should focus on promoting the Mediterranean lifestyle and implementing early detection and prevention programs, at both individual and social levels.

A study to assess the level of stress and sleep among critically ill patients admitted in the intensive care units of sree mookambika medical college hospital

Sleep is a physiological process essential to humans and their normal functioning and the need for rest and comfort is an important need for maintaining a good quality of life. Adequate rest and sleep is essential for physical and psychosocial functioning of the individual. The main aim of the study was to assess the level of stress and sleep among critically ill patients admitted in the critical care unit of Sree Mookambika Medical College Hospital, and to find out the association between the level of stress and sleep with selected demographic variable and clinical variable among critically ill patients. The study was non-experimental descriptive research with quantitative research approach. The study was conducted in Sree Mookambika Medical College Hospital, Kulasekharam. 30 samples were selected by using convenience sampling technique. The tools used for the data collection were demographic variables, clinical variables, Richards - Campbell Sleep Questionnaire and Environmental Stressor Questionnaire. The data was analysed and interpreted in terms of objective, descriptive and inferential statistics. The study findings are 10% sample had mild stress, 33.33% sample were very stressful, 56.66% sample were extremely stressful. 13.33% patients had normal range of sleeplessness, 20% had mild range of sleeplessness, 30% had moderate range of sleeplessness and 36.66% had severe range of sleeplessness. There is a significant association between level of sleep and clinical variable such as days in ICU.

INFLUENCE OF STRESS REACTIONS ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE OF YOUNG CATTLE

Modern conditions of livestock transportation by road, rail, air and sea transport are presented. The issue of well-being, stress, adaptation to the conditions in which animals are during transportation is revealed. The state of animal protection at the legislative level of Ukraine and EU directives is analyzed. The practical aspects of animal welfare relate to the preparation, assessment and selection of animals before transport, as well as the provision of adequate housing and rest conditions for recovery after transport.

A New Approach to Noninvasive-Prolonged Fatigue Identification Based on Surface EMG Time-Frequency and Wavelet Features.

In sports, fatigue management is vital as adequate rest builds strength and enhances performance, whereas inadequate rest exposes the body to prolonged fatigue (PF) or also known as overtraining. This paper presents PF identification and classification based on surface electromyography (EMG) signals. An experiment was performed on twenty participants to investigate the behaviour of surface EMG during the inception of PF. PF symptoms were induced in accord with a five-day Bruce Protocol treadmill test on four lower extremity muscles: the biceps femoris (BF), rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), and vastus lateralis (VL). The results demonstrate that the experiment successfully induces soreness, unexplained lethargy, and performance decrement and also indicate that the progression of PF can be observed based on changes in frequency features (ΔF med and ΔF mean) and time features (ΔRMS and ΔMAV) of surface EMG. This study also demonstrates the ability of wavelet index features in PF identification. Using a naïve Bayes (NB) classifier exhibits the highest accuracy based on time and frequency features with 98% in distinguishing PF on RF, 94% on BF, 9% on VL, and 97% on VM. Thus, this study has positively indicated that surface EMG can be used in identifying the inception of PF. The implication of the findings is significant in sports to prevent a greater risk of PF.

THE IMPACT OF PROFESSIONAL STRESS ON THE MENTAL HEALTH OF LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS.

The aim: To investigate the impact of professional stress on the mental health of law enforcement officers. Materials and methods: The research involved two groups of law enforcement officers (aged 25-40): the first group with up to 7 years of service activities (n = 52), the second group - 8-15 years (n = 48). Research methods: bibliosemantic, questionnaire, testing, method of system analysis and generalization, mathematical and statistical. Results: It was found that law enforcement officers of both groups identified indicators of a significant professional workload, lack of adequate rest, and the nature of communication with participants in professional relationships among the factors of professional stress. It is proved that the mental health of law enforcement officers deteriorates under the influence of professional stress with the experience of their professional activities. Law enforcement officers with 8-15 years of service experience have significantly (p < 0.05-0.001) worse indicators of anxiety, aggressiveness, motivation, personal detachment, impulsive¬ness, vigor, and work efficiency. Conclusions: It was established that the professional stress of law enforcement officers is the result of an imbalance between the internal resources of the individual and the requirements of the external environment, embodied in the peculiarities of law enforcement activities. Law enforcement officers are char¬acterized by the presence of professional stress of average and high severity, which increases with the experience of their service activities. A set of measures was proposed to provide psychological assistance to law enforcement officers to effectively counteract professional stress and improve their mental health.

Development of the essential ecosystem area of Taman Kili-Kili Beach Trenggalek as a center for turtle conservation and ecotourism activities

The Essential Ecosystem Area (EEA) of Taman Kili-Kili Beach, located in Trenggalek District (East Java), plays an essential role in preserving the biodiversity of protected animals, namely turtles, who play a significant role in maintaining the balance of marine ecosystems, starting from maintaining productive coral reef ecosystems to bringing essential nutrients from the ocean to the coast. This study aims to develop the EEA of Taman Kili-Kili Beach as a center for turtle conservation and an ecotourism destination to improve the community’s welfare while preserving the coastal and marine environment and the biodiversity of protected animals, especially turtles. This study uses a descriptive method to analyze the five forces model. The results show that the existence of turtle conservation will be a strength and attraction for tourists to visit EEA, especially for educational purposes and tourism on the beach. The main weakness is the lack of management of ecotourism support units such as souvenir centers, restaurants, and adequate rest areas. EEA of Taman Kili-Kili Beach can be developed by improving service and quality as an ecotourism destination and a turtle conservation center. This improvement also faces the threat of new entrants and substitutes and competes with competitors.

The influence of psychological characteristics on managers efficiency within medical institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of the activity of medical managers, the social and psychological climate within teams, and interpersonal relations. The goal of the study was to investigate the interpersonal interaction styles and intragroup relations between team members and managers, as well as to determine the impact of managers' psycho-emotional characteristics on their effectiveness during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 158 medical workers participated in the study, which was conducted in 2021 using a self-developed questionnaire. The expert evaluation method and standardized psychodiagnostic methods were used. We identified negative factors that affected the management of medical institutions during the pandemic, such as deficiencies in material and economic support, low levels of managerial competence, violation of collegiality and fairness principles during duties and rewards distribution, and deficiencies in manager recruitment. The most psychologically challenging aspects of managing or working in a medical facility during a pandemic include excessive emotional tension and stress, high levels of responsibility, lack of management experience and/or competence in crisis conditions, physical overload, work outside of working hours, and lack of adequate rest. A mini-personality profile of the effective manager of medical institutions in pandemic conditions was developed. One of the psychological regularities of a manager's performance identified is the presence of self-regulative skills in negative emotional states, pronounced activity and energy, mobility, and a strong desire for action.

Factor Analysis of Musculoskeletal System Complaints on Horticultural Farmers Spraying Pesticides in Sako Duo Village, Kerinci

Background: The agricultural sector is a high-risk occupation, health problems that are often experienced by farmers are MSDs complaints. The results of the initial survey of BPS (Central Bureau of Statistics) found that 80% of farmers suffer from back pain. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between work posture, workload, length of work and body size with complaints of the musculoskeletal system when spraying pesticides on horticultural farmers in Sako Dua village. &#x0D; Metode: This study is a quantitative study using a cross sectional design. The research population was all members of the farmer group as many as 191 farmers and the research sample was 51 farmers who sprayed pesticides. The sampling technique used was the purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used a questionnaire and measurement sheets. The research technique used interviews and measurements with REBA, Nhon Hoa sitting scales, Electronic Personal Scale, and Stature Meters. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate using chi-square test.&#x0D; Results : 60.8% of respondents experienced high MSDs complaints, 68.6% of respondents experienced high risk work postures, 94.1% of respondents had additional workloads in the heavy category, 72.5% of respondents had long work durations, and 41.2% of respondents had Obese BMI. Bivariate results show that there is a relationship between work posture and MSDs complaints (p-value = 0.000), there is no relationship between additional workload (p-value = 0.315), there is a relationship between length of work (p-value = 0.000), and there is no relationship between BMI (p-value=0.398) with MSDs complaints.&#x0D; Conclusion : MSDs disorders can occur due to several factors such as inappropriate body posture, heavy workload coupled with a spraying equipment load that weighs more than 10 kg, long working hours that are not accompanied by adequate rest and other risk factors. tendency to fatigue, illness, accidents and an increased risk of MSDs. Farmers have received counseling every 3 months but not from health workers and not counseling related to ergonomics or work postures.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INTAKE OF ENERGY, PROTEIN, IRON, AND VITAMIN C WITH HEMOGLOBIN STATUS IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS OUTPATIENTS

Background: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis with a treatment period of 6 months to more than one year. The prevalence of pulmonary TB in Indonesia in 2013 was 40% and in South Sumatra in 2018 was 40%. The management of pulmonary TB patients involves several things, namely adequate rest, anti-tuberculosis drug (ATD) therapy, and adequate food intake (sufficient) to recover the patients' pulmonary TB. Purpose in this study investigated the relationship between energy and protein intake, iron, and vitamin C with Hemoglobin (Hb) status in pulmonary TB patients. Method: The type of research used is an observational analytic study with a cross sectional research design with a sample size of 50 human subjects. Participants were selected according to the inclusion criteria and interviewed using a prepared questionnaire. Participants' food intake was obtained using a 24-hour food recall method for 3 days. Body weight, height, and blood pressure were measured. Blood samples were taken to determine the participants' hemoglobin levels Result: There was no relationship between the Hb value and energy intake (p = 0.658) and protein (p = 0.357), while there was a relationship between the Hb value and iron intake (p = 0.012) and vitamin C (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The results of statistical tests showed a relationship between the Hb value with iron and vitamin C intake, while the energy and protein intake had no relationship with the Hb level in pulmonary TB patients.

Low Back Pain Among Nurses in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital at Malappuram Kerala.

Background:Numerous nurses suffer from low back pain of various origins, which causes them to lose productivity, obtain unwanted medical reports, and sometimes even retire before their time. Age, heredity, obesity, bad posture, poor body mechanics, pregnancy, tension, personal stress, and traumatic incidents like falls or vehicle accidents are all potential causes of musculoskeletal injuries on the job. Methodology:A descriptive study was done with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire to determine the burden of low back pain among nurses in a tertiary medical college. The data were entered into a Microsoft Excel sheet (Redmond, USA) before being transferred to SPSS. The frequency was expressed in proportion. A Chi-square was done to test the association. Result:Among 220 nurses, 89 (40.4%) complained of mild low back pain, 86 (39.09%) complained of moderate pain, and seven (0.03%) of them had severe low back pain. Due to low back pain, among the 182 (82.7%) nurses who have low back pain, 46 of them had to take one or more days' leave from work. Thirty-six nurses have had low back pain for more than four years. As a mode of treatment, 43 nurses have taken either medicine or injection; 25 of them have taken rest; four are on Ayurvedic treatment, and 110 nurses haven't taken any treatment. Conclusion: The majority of the nurses complained of low back aches. Care must be taken to take adequate rest after prolonged standing and proper treatment. Frequent bending and using an abnormal posture must be avoided. The use of ergonomically designed chairs should be emphasized for the protection of the back.

Welfare assessment of horses and mules used in recreational and muleteer work in the Colombian coffee region.

The welfare of working equids in developing countries is sometimes threatened due to the limited resources and/or knowledge of their owners. The objective of this study is to evaluate the welfare of creole horses and mules using a validated protocol that assesses animal-based indicators. A total of 160 horses and 40 mules from three municipalities in the Colombian coffee-growing region were evaluated by means of direct observation of health and behavioral parameters. A descriptive analysis of the variables expressed in proportions was performed. Interactions between the different measurements were examined using the Chi-squared test. Spearman correlations were used to relate the measurements. Horses and mules demonstrated friendly behavior in front of the evaluators (78.13 and 61.54%, respectively); apathetic or severely depressed behavior was low (10.7 and 17.5%, P > 0.05). Significant differences in body condition score (BCS) were observed between mules and horses (P < 0.05); eighty percent of the mules and 54.4% of the horses exhibited a healthy body condition score (3 or more on a scale of 1 to 5). Less than 15% of the animals had eye problems, limb deformities, and gait abnormalities. Injuries to the head, withers, spine, ribs/flank, hindquarters, and hind legs were observed in a frequency between 12.5 and 30.43% of the animals, with a higher frequency in horses (P < 0.05). Weak correlations (R2 coefficient < 0.5), although statistically significant, were observed between low body conditions and the presence of skin and deeper tissue lesions, systemic health abnormalities, and limb problems (P < 0.05). The results indicate that owners care for their animals. However, the presence of skin and deep tissue lesions, especially in horses, suggests that they are subjected to high workloads. Therefore, it is essential to train owners in aspects related to the importance of providing their equids with adequate rest periods to recover from work and develop actions to strengthen human-equine interaction.