Adenocarcinoma Of Lacrimal Gland Research Articles

Lacrimal Gland Adenocarcinoma Clinicopathologic Features and Outcomes Compared With Those of Lacrimal Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma.

Lacrimal gland (LG) adenocarcinomas (ACs) are rare, with limited data. We compared clinicopathologic features and local recurrence, distant metastasis, and survival rates between LG AC and LG adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). The records of LG AC patients treated from 2008 to 2022 and LG ACC patients treated from 1998 to 2022 at the same center were retrospectively reviewed. The study included 20 patients with AC; 10 de-novo AC, 10 ex-pleomorphic AC; and 51 ACC patients. The median age at diagnosis was 61 years for de-novo AC, 54 years for ex-pleomorphic AC, and 45 years for ACC. All groups had male predominance. The initial T category was T2 in 50% (5/10) of de-novo ACs; 60% (6/10) of ex-pleomorphic ACs; and 59% (30/51) of ACCs. Perineural invasion was present in 33% (5/15) of ACs and 90% (45/50) of ACCs ( p < 0.001). Of the 20 AC patients, 14 had eye-sparing surgery; 4 had orbital exenteration; and 2 had unresectable disease. All AC patients received postoperative radiotherapy and 15 (75%) received concurrent chemotherapy. Fourteen AC patients were tested for human growth factor receptor 2 expression, and 10 (71%) were human growth factor receptor 2 positive; 5 received human growth factor receptor 2-targeted therapy. AC and ACC had similar 5-year recurrence rates (20% and 33%, respectively, p = 0.31) and metastasis rates (20% and 34%, respectively, p = 0.30). de-novo AC, ex-pleomorphic AC, and ACC had similar 5-year disease-specific survival rates (80%, 79%, and 81%, respectively, p > 0.99). LG AC and ACC have similar baseline clinicopathologic features, except that perineural invasion is more common in ACC, and similar recurrence, metastasis, and survival rates. Human growth factor receptor 2-targeted therapy may be appropriate in some patients with LG AC.

The poor prognosis of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma: a clinical study and literature review

PurposeThe incidence of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma is low. This study was designed to analyze the clinical and prognostic characteristics of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma.MethodsThis was a clinical study and literature review; 25 patients diagnosed with lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma by histopathology were enrolled and their medical history data were collected.ResultsThe incidence of bone destruction and surrounding tissue invasion was 52% and 44%, respectively. The incidence of distant metastasis of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma was about 50%. The 5-year overall survival rate of death or metastasis was 33.5%. Age, sex, laterality, tumor size, pathology type, bone destruction, nerve or perineural invasion, invasion of peripheral tissue, T stage, AR, Her-2 and treatment had no significant correlation with lacrimal adenocarcinoma’s prognosis (P > 0.05), while the higher expression of Ki-67 may have higher risk of death or metastasis (P = 0.020).ConclusionThe incidence of bone destruction and distant metastasis of lacrimal adenocarcinoma is high and the imaging examination is necessary to assess the risk of distant metastasis. The 5-year survival rate of death or metastasis is 33.5% and the high expression of Ki-67 predicts poor prognosis of lacrimal adenocarcinoma.

Equine Lacrimal Gland Adenocarcinoma

Background: Lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma is an extremely rare malignant neoplasm, with few descriptions in the literature. Therefore, its etiology and treatment are not well understood. The present study aims to report the case of an equine histologically diagnosed with lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma in the lower eyelid region and third eyelid treated by surgical excision and intralesional chemotherapy. Case: A 17-year-old male mixed-breed equine weighing 300 kg was treated in the large animal clinic and surgery sector of the Federal University of Santa Catarina in the city of Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The equine revealed an alert and docile temperament without considerable physiological changes in the physical examination. In the evaluation of the right eye, a tumor mass was observed in the region of the lacrimal gland adhered to the third eyelid and lower eyelid, with a light red ulcerated appearance approximately 7 cm in diameter. Therefore, the surgical excision of the adhered tumor mass was performed, with the subsequent intralesional application of 2 mL of Vincristine Sulfate. In the histopathological evaluation following the surgical excision of the tumor mass, yellowish-white fragments of irregular nodules were observed measuring from 3.5×2.0×1.7 cm to 2.0×0.5×0.3 cm, in addition to microscopy focus clusters of weakly basophilic neoplastic glandular cells, some with a randomly arranged lacy aspect, forming disorganized acinar structures and others showed marking islands of the cells organized in a palisade shape by vascular delicate stroma. The neoplastic cells presented anisocytosis, anisokaryosis, prominent nucleoli sometimes binucleated and with basophilic intracytoplasmic secretory material, delimited by scarce connective tissue. In some areas, there were small foci of infiltrated lymphocytes and plasmocytes and areas of necrosis. The mass was surrounded by connective tissue, where red blood vessels were found outside the vessels (hemorrhage), and mitoses were observed two per field at high magnification (40x). After the surgical procedure, it was not possible to follow up and reassess of the patient, so there is no clarification on the possibility of tumor recurrence. Discussion: The case reported is uncommon, being only the second report of adenocarcinoma in the equine lacrimal gland. Therefore, there are few descriptions in the literature about its defined etiology and the best treatment method, although, surgical excision is the method of choice because it is a tumor of high recurrence and invasiveness. In this case, we opted for the exeresis of the tumor mass and later application of chemotherapy, a treatment that was relatively effective, to avoid recurrence and the failure of the technique. In these cases, monitoring the animal after the procedure is recommended, evaluating whether there was tumor recurrence, although this was not possible in the present possible. The third eyelid, lacrimal, and zygomatic salivary glands may be sources of intraorbital neoplasms. These neoplastic processes may have similar histological and behavioral characteristics, and their differentiation is, therefore, problematic. These structures may be differentiated based on the anatomical location, however, clinical appearance and symptoms are identical in most cases. Adenocarcinoma in the equine lacrimal gland is a neoplasm considered rare, so it is important to emphasize an accurate diagnosis through histopathological analyses to differentiate it from other frequent orbital neoplasms in horses, allowing more information about this tumor and establishing different treatment methods. Keywords: adenocarcinoma, tumor, equine, histopathology. Título: Adenocarcinoma em glândula lacrimal de equino Descritores: adenocarcinoma, tumor, equino, histopatologia.

Title: Clinico-pathological and survival profiles of orbito-ocular tumors in Enugu Nigeria. Is there an emerging trend?

BackgroundOrbito-ocular tumors are rare, but they cause significant morbidity and mortality. There are reported variations in their pattern of presentation and frequency of occurrence.ObjectiveTo evaluate the occurrence, clinico-pathologic spectrum, and patterns of orbito-ocular neoplasms as well as the treatment and outcome profiles.MethodsA 5-year retrospective analysis of consecutive patients treated for orbito-ocular tumors. We evaluated patterns of occurrence, clinic-pathological concordance, and outcome of treatment. Associations were evaluated with chi square and confidence interval. Data analysis was performed using SPSS for windows version 23 and inferences were judged using the 95% level of significance.ResultsAmong 100 patients with orbito-ocular masses, 62 were histologically confirmed. The female to male ratio (F:M) was 1.0. Their ages ranged from 7 months to 93 years, mean = 33.4 ± 2.7 years. There was an age variation among tumor types. Patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) had a mean age of 46.4 years, while for retinoblastoma the mean age was 3.09 years. All patients with retinoblastoma had proven macroscopic orbital extension. SCC was the most common tumor type (n = 19), however, among children, retinoblastoma (n = 11) was more common. Melanocytic nevus, sebaceous gland carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma of lacrimal gland (n = 6, n = 5, n = 5), respectively, among other tumors were treated. Concordance between clinical and histopathological diagnoses was obtained among 30 (48.3%) cases. 1-year and 3-year survival for retinoblastoma was 90% and 72.9%, respectively, and 78.9% and 68.4% for SCC.ConclusionSCC is currently the most common orbito-ocular tumor in our setting.

Primary De novo ductal adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland

BackgroundPrimary ductal adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland is a rare and aggressive malignant epithelial lacrimal gland neoplasm, morphologically and phenotypically resembles salivary duct carcinoma, and both strongly resemble infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast. MethodRetrospective Chart review of cases of malignant lacrimal gland tumors from 2013 July to 2020 July. Authors describe the clinico radiological, morphological and immunohistochemical features of primary ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) of lacrimal gland. Extensive review of literature of PDA of lacrimal gland and salivary gland ductal carcinoma has been performed. ResultsRetrospective chart review of the last 7 years yielded 22 malignant lacrimal gland neoplasms of which 4 cases demonstrated features of primary ductal adenocarcinoma of lacrimal gland, 2/4 cases showed an evidence of a pre existing pleomorphic adenoma and 2 were found to be de novo ductal adenocarcinomas. PDA of lacrimal gland showed expression of CK7, CK19, AR, HER2, cyclin D1 and were negative for CK5/14, CK 20, ER, PR, PSA, TTF-1, S-100 and SMA. Expression of GCDFP-15 was noted in one case. The presence of multiple events of loco-regional recurrences and/or distant metastasis necessitated a multidisciplinary approach. ConclusionsAuthors have expressed the need of clinical correlation; thorough tissue sampling and extensive immunohistochemical work up in identification of de novo PDA's and their molecular subtypes. A multi-institutional study might help in formulating the diagnostic criteria, identification of actionable targets, and thus study the role of targeted therapy in this rare and aggressive tumor which may result in better patient outcomes.

Lacrimal Gland Adenocarcinoma with Apocrine Metaplasia: A Case Report

We present the case of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma with apocrine metaplasia and a literature review for similar cases. A 65-year-old male with painless eyelid swelling was admitted to our hospital. A physical examination revealed tumor on the caudal side of the left orbital cavity, and a biopsy indicated apocrine adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent a total left orbital exenteration with eyelid resection and reconstruction using a deep inferior epigastric perforator skin flap. The pathological evaluation led to a definitive diagnosis of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma with apocrine metaplasia. Lacrimal carcinomas are rare in the head and neck region, so there are few studies of lacrimal gland carcinoma with apocrine metaplasia. The rarity hinders extensive elucidation of the pathological characteristics and evidence-based treatment strategies.

Hürthle Cell Carcinoma of the Thyroid - Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer or Something Else?

We present the case of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma with apocrine metaplasia and a literature review for similar cases. A 65-year-old male with painless eyelid swelling was admitted to our hospital. A physical examination revealed tumor on the caudal side of the left orbital cavity, and a biopsy indicated apocrine adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent a total left orbital exenteration with eyelid resection and reconstruction using a deep inferior epigastric perforator skin flap. The pathological evaluation led to a definitive diagnosis of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma with apocrine metaplasia. Lacrimal carcinomas are rare in the head and neck region, so there are few studies of lacrimal gland carcinoma with apocrine metaplasia. The rarity hinders extensive elucidation of the pathological characteristics and evidence-based treatment strategies.

Adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland: a case report

BackgroundPrimary ductal adenocarcinomas of the lacrimal gland are very rare. This neoplasm shares some histological and immunohistochemical similarities with salivary duct carcinoma.Case presentationHere, we present a case of a 55-year-old Moroccan man with lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma. He underwent orbital exenteration with lymph nodes dissection and ipsilateral parotidectomy. After surgery, he was lost to follow-up and died 13 months later.ConclusionsLacrimal gland tumors are rare but highly aggressive salivary gland tumors. Complete excision with adjuvant radiotherapy is recommended.

This issue of Acta

This issue of Acta

Differential diagnosis of hemangiomas and other orbital masses

Aim. To determine the differential diagnostic scintigraphic signs of hemangiomas and malignant tumors of the orbit.Methods. Comprehensive survey of 35 patients with orbital masses included a standard eye examination, ultrasound Doppler sonography, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, scintigraphy using in vivo labeled 99mTs erythrocytes, and morphological study.Results. Scintigraphic studies using in vivo labeled 99mTs erythrocytes in 18 patients with hemangioma of the orbit, no accumulation of radiotracer in the dynamic phase of the study was observed. On the subsequent delayed planar scintigraphy and single-photon emission computerized tomography, intense delayed hyperfixation of in vivo labeled 99mTs erythrocytes in the lesion was revealed. In 8 patients with malignant orbital tumors (adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland - 4, osteogenic sarcoma - 1, olfactory neuroblastoma - 1, metastasis of renal cancer in orbit - 1) there was an intense accumulation of labeled erythrocytes in the projection of the affected area in all phases of the nuclear study. In patients with adenoma of the lacrimal gland, cranioorbital meningioma, orbital pseudo tumor, as well as in 1 patient with lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma, no pathological accumulation of in vivo labeled 99mTs erythrocytes in the lesion was observed at any stage of the study.Conclusion. According to the results of scintigraphic studies: (1) patients with orbital hemangioma had no accumulation of in vivo 99mTs labeled red blood cells in the vascular (dynamic) phase of the study and had hyperfixation of radiotracer in delayed planar scintigraphy and single-photon emission computerized tomography; (2) intensive accumulation of labeled 99mTs erythrocytes in tumor vascular (dynamic) phase of the study as well as in delayed planar scintigraphy and single-photon emission computerized tomography was characteristic of malignant neoplasms with hypervascularization.

GCDFP-15, AR, and Her-2 as biomarkers for primary ductal adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland: a Chinese case and literature review.

PurposePrimary ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) of the lacrimal gland is a rare malignant epithelial tumor, and its clinicopathological characteristics are still unclear. This study aimed to report a novel case of PDA of the lacrimal gland in the People’s Republic of China, as well as to determine its histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics to support early diagnosis and direct further therapy.Patient and methodsClinical data (including ocular examination, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, mammography, and serum tumor marker examination) and treatment of a 49-year-old woman with a left lacrimal gland mass, which was diagnosed as PDA of the lacrimal gland, were reported. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies were performed. Eleven papers regarding this uncommon neoplasm were reviewed.ResultsHistopathologically, most of the tumor cells featured abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm, while few of them had a frothy appearance. The mass showed breast ductal carcinoma-like structural features, which most commonly demonstrated central necrosis, while less of these features showed cord-like infiltration. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for GCDFP-15, CK 18 (++), AR (90%), Her-2 (+++), P53 (100%), and Ki-67 (with a proliferation index approximately 60%), while they were negative for ER, PR, P63, calponin, and CD 117.ConclusionThis was the first Chinese case of PDA of the lacrimal gland that had been reported. We suggested that GCDFP-15, AR, and Her-2 should be tested as biomarkers for ductal adenocarcinoma of lacrimal gland to confirm diagnosis, guide therapy, and further predict prognosis.

Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of primary ductal adenocarcinoma of lacrimal gland: five new cases and review of literature

A primary ductal adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland is a rare epithelial malignant tumor, and its clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features have not been well determined. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinicopathological characteristics of lacrimal duct carcinomas and to determine their long-term prognosis. We performed immunohistochemical studies of biological and proliferative markers of primary ductal adenocarcinomas of the lacrimal gland in five patients, and followed their long term prognosis. We also reviewed nine published cases of primary ductal adenocarcinomas of the lacrimal gland. All specimens were positive for the androgen receptor, and three of five specimens overexpressed the HER-2/neu protein. Nuclear immunostaining for p53 ranged from 10% to 95% and that of Ki-67 from 20% to 70% in the tumor cells. Four of five patients had distant metastases and three patients died from the disease during the 5-year follow-up. Our findings indicate that primary ductal adenocarcinomas of the lacrimal gland express androgen receptors and a wide range of proliferative markers. Their long-term prognosis is poor.

CORE needle biopsy of orbital tumors

In some orbital mass lesions, histology may be the only way to establish an accurate diagnosis. Core needle biopsy (CNB) is widely performed in oncology, and unlike fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), it can provide sufficient tissue sample for histology and immunohistochemistry. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness and possible complications of CNB of orbital tumors. Fifty orbital lesions from 46 patients (age: 2-84 years) were biopsied using 20-gauge and 18-gauge semi-automated needles; 11 procedures were performed under ultrasound guidance. All 50 samples received routine histopathological examination and immunohistochemical analysis. Specimens diagnostically sufficient for histological analysis were obtained in all biopsies. The histopathological diagnosis was established in 94% of specimens: 30 tumors were malignant: lymphoma (20); rhabdomyosarcoma (six); lacrimal gland carcinoma (one); breast carcinoma metastasis (two); melanoma (one); three were benign; ten inflammatory; and four were orbital fibrosis. Three biopsies were nondiagnostic: two (lymphoma, angiofibroma) showed undetermined identification and one was a false-negative (lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma was misdiagnosed as fibrous tissue). The diagnoses were confirmed by excisional or incisional biopsy in 26 patients. The concordance rate in patients with a surgically confirmed diagnosis was 88%. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for differentiating malignant from benign lesions were 94%, 100%, and 96%, respectively. Two patients suffered complications: mild retrobulbar hematoma with no decreased visual acuity. There was no damage to the globe or optic nerve, motility disorder, or infection. CNB of orbital mass lesions is a safe procedure that provides a sufficient amount of tissue for histology and immunohistochemistry, and may be useful for improving the quality of the pathological diagnosis of orbital tumors.

Clinical analysis for the treatment of 63 cases of orbital tumors in Xinjiang

To analyse the clinical features, histopathological classifications, treatments and prognosis of orbital tumors in Xinjiang. The authors retrospectively analyse 63 patients (64 eyes) with orbital tumors, including all nationalities which had been received and treated in ophthalmic department of the PLA 474th Hospital during 2005 to 2009. The nationality composition in our cases was 37 Han, 16 Uygur (16 eyes), 4 Hui, 3 Mongol, and 3 Kazak. Our data mainly consisted of benign tumor., in which, the majority were the vascular tumors, and then were cysts, inflammatory pseudotumor, neurogenic tumors, mixed tumors of lacrimal gland, lipoma and hydatid. The malignant tumors mainly consisted of rhabdomyosarcoma and adenocarcinoma of lacrimal gland, then was non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The operation methods we selected were approaching by orbital skin or anterior skin incision, lateral orbitotomy and approaching by outer canthus incision plus lower fornical conjunctiva incision. The severe postoperative complication was impaired vision, and 2 patients with inflammatory pseudotumor had recrudesced. There is no difference on the types and morbidity situation of orbital tumors between Xinjiang and other areas in general, in addition orbital hydatid which was closely related to regional characteristic of Xinjiang, Surgical excision is the main and effective treatment, the prognosis is related to the local tissue extension of tumor, comprehensive pre-operation preparations, careful operation, appropriate post-operative managements and rich clinic experience of doctor.

Adénocarcinome de la glande lacrymale dans un rétinoblastome bilatéral traité avec radiothérapie externe : à propos d’un cas

This clinical case report describes the clinical findings and diagnosis of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma that developed 20 years after external beam radiotherapy in the treatment of bilateral retinoblastoma. Visual acuity, slit lamp biomicroscopy, fundus color photography, nuclear magnetic resonance, lateral orbitotomy and histological analysis are described.

Primary lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma of the third eyelid in a horse

A 5-year-old Draft Horse gelding presented for evaluation of a large, fleshy, ulcerated third eyelid mass OD of 3 weeks duration. Complete ophthalmic examination, ocular ultrasound and skull radiographs revealed a large soft-tissue mass involving the entire third eyelid OD and extending into the ventral right orbit to the level of the globe equator. No other abnormalities were noted on physical or ophthalmic examination. Surgical removal via exenteration was performed 3 months after initial presentation. A lacrimal adenocarcinoma of the third eyelid was diagnosed based on histopathology. Concurrent asymptomatic intra-ductal and intra-acinar Demodex caballi parasites were found in the eyelid sebaceous glands, likely as an incidental finding. No tumor recurrence or metastasis has occurred 12 months after excision. To the author's knowledge, this case is the first reported primary lacrimal adenocarcinoma in a horse. Complete surgical excision was curative.

Pattern of Ocular Malignant Tumors in Bhairahwa, Nepal

The pattern of ocular malignant tumors in institutes of western Nepal was analyzed by a retrospective study of 277 ocular cases from 2000 to 2007 carried out through clinical examinations and histopathological confirmations. The cases other than ocular malignancy were excluded. A total of 59 ocular malignant tumors were encountered. Male and female cases were 45.8% and 54.2% respectively. Squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed as the most common (66.1%), followed by basal cell carcinoma (10.2%), meibomian gland carcinoma (10.2%), retinoblastoma (7%), malignant melanoma (5.1%) and 1.7% lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma was found to be the most common tumor (65%) among the elderly persons (>40 years of age) with females presenting at relatively earlier average age to males. Among the cases below 15 years of age, retinoblastoma was the commonest tumor (57%) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (43%).

Adenocarcinoma of Lacrimal Gland

Adenocarcinoma of Lacrimal Gland