Additional Feedback Research Articles

Structure and Engagement in Teacher–Student Chats in ESL Writing

Teacher-moderated online chats are a common option for conducting writing conferences with students. The efficacy of chat sessions is impacted by the expectations for and structure of these sessions. This corpus-based study used a move analysis to determine the purposes and organization of 129 chats between 3 experienced teachers and 106 students of primarily Chinese and Arabic origin in 9 freshman English as a second language (ESL) writing courses. Chats occurred after a draft of an essay assignment had been returned with written teacher feedback, in order to provide opportunities for students to receive individualized input. Findings show that chats are structured to serve three functions: opening and closing social moves (greetings, conversational pleasantries) meant to establish rapport; management moves that serve to structure and orient the chat; and instructional moves in which the teachers and students confer and additional feedback is provided. However, chats were not as effective at engaging participants as they could be due to a lack of intentionality and reciprocity. With prior research showing chats are a useful addition to other forms of teacher electronic feedback, we offer suggestions for improving the use of instructional chats in freshman ESL writing classes, in order to better engage students.

Additional visual information on postural control mechanisms in Parkinson's disease: a pilot study

Additional visual information on postural control mechanisms in Parkinson's disease: a pilot study

Guideline for the management of conception and pregnancy in thalassaemia syndromes: A British Society for Haematology Guideline.

This comprehensive guideline, developed by a representative group of UK-based medical experts specialising in haemoglobinopathies, addresses the management of conception and pregnancy in patients with thalassaemia. A systematic search of PubMed and EMBASE using specific keywords, formed the basis of the literature review. Key terms included "thalassaemia," "pregnancy," "Cooley's anaemia," "Mediterranean anaemia," and others, covering aspects such as fertility, iron burden and ultrasonography. The guideline underwent rigorous review by prominent organisations, including the Endocrine Society, the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG), the United Kingdom Thalassaemia Society and the British Society of Haematology (BSH) guideline writing group. Additional feedback was solicited from a sounding board of UK haematologists, ensuring a thorough and collaborative approach. The objective of the guideline is to equip healthcare professionals with precise recommendations for managing conception and pregnancy in patients with thalassaemia.

Evaluating feedback from an implementation advisory board to assess the rollout of a postpartum patient navigation program

BackgroundPatient navigation is an individualized intervention to facilitate comprehensive care which has not yet been fully implemented in obstetric or postpartum care.MethodsWe aimed to develop and evaluate a mechanism to incorporate feedback regarding implementation of postpartum patient navigation for low-income birthing individuals at an urban academic medical center. This study analyzed the role of an Implementation Advisory Board (IAB) in supporting an ongoing randomized trial of postpartum navigation. Over the first 24 months of the trial, the IAB included 11 rotating obstetricians, one clinic resource coordinator, one administrative leader, two obstetric nurses, one primary care physician, one social worker, and one medical assistant. Members completed serial surveys regarding program implementation, effects on patient care, and areas for improvement. Quarterly IAB meetings offered opportunities for additional feedback. Survey responses and meeting notes were analyzed using the constant comparative method and further interpreted within the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS) Framework.ResultsMembers of the IAB returned 37 surveys and participated in five meetings over 24 months. Survey analysis revealed four themes among the inner context: reduced clinician burden, connection of care teams, communication strategies, and clinic workflow. Bridging factors included improved patient access to care, improved follow-up, and adding social context to care. Innovation factors included availability of navigators, importance of consistent communication, and adaptation over time. Meeting notes highlighted the importance of bidirectional feedback regarding implementation, and members expressed positive opinions regarding navigators’ effects on patient care, integration into clinic workflow, and responsiveness to feedback. IAB members initially suggested changes to improve implementation; later survey responses demonstrated successful program adaptations.ConclusionsMembers of an implementation advisory board provided key insights into the implementation of postpartum patient navigation that may be useful to promote dissemination of navigation and establish avenues for the engagement of implementing partners in other innovations.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03922334. Registered April 19, 2019. The results here do not present the results of the primary trial, which is ongoing.

High-efficiency and broadband tunable Raman fiber laser in a chalcogenide fiber based on the Fresnel reflection.

A high-efficiency and broadband tunable chalcogenide fiber Raman laser with the Fabry-Perot (F-P) cavity formed by the Fresnel reflection was established. A maximum average power slope efficiency of around 43% and a maximum output peak power of about 2.9 W at 2148 nm were demonstrated by using a 2 µm nanosecond pump source. The laser shows a broadened pulse width of 674 ns and a broadband tunability of the central wavelength from 2100 to 2186 nm. The Raman Fabry-Perot cavity constituted by the Fresnel reflection from chalcogenide fiber endfaces can operate at any wavelength without the aid of any additional optical feedback element. This will facilitate the realization of fiber lasers with excellent performance and compact system, especially in the mid-infrared region.

Assessing the effectiveness of virtual reality to promote empathy for patients through a mixed-methods study

ObjectiveTo describe the implementation and outcomes of EmpathyVR, an immersive experience using virtual reality (VR) to promote empathy for patients with physical limitations due to chronic diseases. MethodsFirst-year student pharmacists participated in a learning experience that incorporated VR and stiff gloves to simulate physical limitations associated with color-blindness and arthritis, respectively. Students completed pre- and post-intervention surveys that included the Kiersma-Chen Empathy Scale and measures of immersion, user enjoyment, perceived usefulness for learning, and adverse effects of the experience. A focus group was also conducted with 6 students to obtain additional feedback on the learning experience. ResultsOf the 132 students who were enrolled in the program, 131 completed the assigned tasks; 117 of these agreed to participate in the study, and their data were included in the analyses. There was a significant improvement in empathy scores in the cognitive domain from pre- to post-intervention. Post-intervention survey results also demonstrated a high degree of immersion in the experience, high levels of self-reported enjoyment, and high levels of perceived usefulness of the activity to support learning. There was a low to moderate incidence of minor self-reported adverse effects from the activity. Focus group feedback was also positive. One student stated, “… it really allowed you to think and put yourself in their shoes.” ConclusionImplementation of a VR-based learning activity into the first semester of the PharmD curriculum was successful and resulted in improved student empathy scores and a positive learning experience.

Cultivating a Pedagogy of Care: Adaptations to Writing Instruction and Course Structure During the Evolving Pandemic and Beyond

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of cultivating a pedagogy of care and strengthening community for all postsecondary courses, especially those employing the high-impact practice of teaching with writing. In this mixed methods study, we found that instructors of Writing Intensive courses at a Midwestern university (n = 79) made moderate changes to their overall course structure and writing assignments during the early stages of the pandemic (Spring 2020 through Spring 2021). Open-ended comments revealed instructors provided more instructional guidance with frequent low-stakes assignments, explicit directions, flexibility regarding how students achieved learning goals, and/or additional instructor feedback. A variety of resources informed these modifications, and resource use fluctuated throughout the pandemic. Instructors reported that most changes focused on cultivating a supportive and welcoming learning environment that continues to inform their post-pandemic instruction. Findings from this study highlight the importance of relationships and diverse sources of support for navigating current and future challenges in postsecondary instruction.

Improving walking via real-time visual feedback after stroke in treadmill training (RE-VISIT): a protocol for randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: After a stroke, most patients often suffer reduced walking ability and balance. Restoring walking ability and improving balance are major goals of stroke rehabilitation. Treadmills are often used in clinical setups to achieve these goals. Adding dimensions to the visual feedback in addition to the mirror for real-time frontal view is proven to enhance the gait. It is, therefore, important to design additional real-time visual feedback in treadmill training, in particular for the sagittal view involved side. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to test if the real-time sagittal visual feedback during treadmill training is superior to the conventional mirror feedback treadmill training program of equivalent intensity in improving walking speed and balance after stroke. METHODS/DESIGN: The RE-VISIT trial (Real-time Visual feedback after Stroke in Treadmill training) is registered in the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2023/10/058299). In this two-arm randomized control trial, which will be a single-blinded study, 42 eligible stroke survivors undergoing rehabilitation will be randomly allocated (1:1 ratio) to either real-time visual sagittal feedback along with front mirror (experimental) group or only front mirror treadmill training (control) group, all the participants will receive 15 sessions of treadmill training for up to 15 min at a safe self-selected speed over 5-6 weeks. The RE-VISIT (experimental) group will receive real-time, visual sagittal view feedback of the involved lower limb trajectory along with the routine front mirror view during treadmill training and will be asked to modify their gait pattern. The control group will receive treadmill walking training only with the routine front mirror view feedback. Clinical and gait assessments will be conducted at the baseline, immediately following the final session of training, and at the 9th week during follow-up. The outcome measures of interest are walking speed (primary) and balance (secondary), which will be measured prior to baseline, post 15 sessions of training, and at the 9th week following training. DISCUSSION: This REVISIT trial will provide insight and contribute to the existing innovation and modifications of incorporating real-time visual feedback during treadmill training in post-stroke gait rehabilitation. The findings will help the better designing of a gait rehabilitation program with a treadmill for post-stroke subjects to improve walking speed, and balance for those who have greater difficulties in community ambulation. We anticipate that those in the REVISIT training will demonstrate improved walking ability.

Revealing speckle obscured living human retinal cells with artificial intelligence assisted adaptive optics optical coherence tomography

BackgroundIn vivo imaging of the human retina using adaptive optics optical coherence tomography (AO-OCT) has transformed medical imaging by enabling visualization of 3D retinal structures at cellular-scale resolution, including the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, which are essential for maintaining visual function. However, because noise inherent to the imaging process (e.g., speckle) makes it difficult to visualize RPE cells from a single volume acquisition, a large number of 3D volumes are typically averaged to improve contrast, substantially increasing the acquisition duration and reducing the overall imaging throughput.MethodsHere, we introduce parallel discriminator generative adversarial network (P-GAN), an artificial intelligence (AI) method designed to recover speckle-obscured cellular features from a single AO-OCT volume, circumventing the need for acquiring a large number of volumes for averaging. The combination of two parallel discriminators in P-GAN provides additional feedback to the generator to more faithfully recover both local and global cellular structures. Imaging data from 8 eyes of 7 participants were used in this study.ResultsWe show that P-GAN not only improves RPE cell contrast by 3.5-fold, but also improves the end-to-end time required to visualize RPE cells by 99-fold, thereby enabling large-scale imaging of cells in the living human eye. RPE cell spacing measured across a large set of AI recovered images from 3 participants were in agreement with expected normative ranges.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate the potential of AI assisted imaging in overcoming a key limitation of RPE imaging and making it more accessible in a routine clinical setting.

Pragmatic Approach to In Situ Simulation to Identify Latent Safety Threats Before Moving to a Newly Built ICU.

Transitions to new care environments may have unexpected consequences that threaten patient safety. We undertook a quality improvement project using in situ simulation to learn the new patient care environment and expose latent safety threats before transitioning patients to a newly built adult ICU. Descriptive review of a patient safety initiative. A newly built 24-bed neurocritical care unit at a tertiary care academic medical center. Care providers working in neurocritical care unit. We implemented a pragmatic three-stage in situ simulation program to learn a new patient care environment, transitioning patients from an open bay unit to a newly built private room-based ICU. The project tested the safety and efficiency of new workflows created by new patient- and family-centric features of the unit. We used standardized patients and high-fidelity mannequins to simulate patient scenarios, with "test" patients created through all electronic databases. Relevant personnel from clinical and nonclinical services participated in simulations and/or observed scenarios. We held a debriefing after each stage and scenario to identify safety threats and other concerns. Additional feedback was obtained via a written survey sent to all participants. We prospectively surveyed for missed latent safety threats for 2 years following the simulation and fixed issues as they arose. We identified and addressed 70 latent safety threats, including issues concerning physical environment, infection prevention, patient workflow, and informatics before the move into the new unit. We also developed an orientation manual that highlighted new physical and functional features of the ICU and best practices gleaned from the simulations. All participants agreed or strongly agreed that simulations were beneficial. Two-year follow-up revealed only two missed latent safety threats. In situ simulation effectively identifies latent safety threats surrounding the transition to new ICUs and should be considered before moving into new units.

Preventing venous thromboembolism for ambulatory patients with cancer: Developing the form and content of implementation strategies

BackgroundFor ambulatory cancer patients receiving systemic chemotherapy, adherence is low to recommended venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention interventions. Previously, we identified implementation strategies to address barriers to adherence, including (1) conducting clinician education and training; (2) developing and distributing educational materials for clinicians; (3) adapting electronic health records to provide interactive assistance; and (4) developing and distributing educational materials for patients. The objective of this study was to develop these implementation strategies’ form (i.e., how and when) and content (i.e., information conveyed) as a critical step for implementation and dissemination. MethodsTo design and develop the form and content of the implementation strategies, we conducted multidisciplinary stakeholder panels with oncology clinicians, pharmacists, and hematologists. Over several panel discussions, we developed a low fidelity prototype. Participants performed preliminary usability testing, simulating patient care encounters. We also conducted interviews with three patients who provided additional feedback. ResultsThe form and content for each strategy, respectively, included (1) concise training with a slide deck; (2) succinct summary of evidence for the interventions and support for anticoagulation management; (3) automated VTE risk-assessment and clinical decision support, including bleeding risk assessment and anticoagulation options; and (4) patient education resources. During development, audit and feedback was identified as an additional strategy, for which we created report cards to implement. ConclusionWith stakeholder input, we successfully developed the form and content needed to put the implementation strategies into practice. The next step is to study the effect on the uptake of ambulatory VTE prevention recommendations in oncology clinics.

Adapting an Intervention to Improve Acute Myocardial Infarction Care in Tanzania: Co-Design of the MIMIC Intervention.

Uptake of evidence-based care for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is suboptimal in Tanzania, but there are currently no published interventions to improve AMI care in sub-Saharan Africa. Co-design a quality improvement intervention for AMI care tailored to local contextual factors. An interdisciplinary design team consisting of 20 physicians, nurses, implementation scientists, and administrators met from June 2022 through August 2023. Half of the design team consisted of representatives from the target audience, emergency department physicians and nurses at a referral hospital in northern Tanzania. The design team reviewed multiple published quality improvement interventions focusing on ED-based AMI care. After selecting a multicomponent intervention to improve AMI care in Brazil (BRIDGE-ACS), the design team used the ADAPT-ITT framework to adapt the intervention to the local context. The design team audited current AMI care processes at the study hospital and reviewed qualitative data regarding barriers to care. Multiple adaptations were made to the original BRIDGE-ACS intervention to suit the local context, including re-designing the physician reminder system and adding patient educational materials. Additional feedback was sought from topical experts, including patients with AMI. Draft intervention materials were iteratively refined in response to feedback from experts and the design team. The finalized intervention, Multicomponent Intervention to Improve Myocardial Infarction Care in Tanzania (MIMIC), consisted of five core components: physician reminders, pocket cards, champions, provider training, and patient education. MIMIC is the first locally tailored intervention to improve AMI care in sub-Saharan Africa. Future studies will evaluate implementation outcomes and efficacy.

The Reporting Recommendations Intended for Pharmaceutical Risk Minimization Evaluation Studies: Standards for Reporting of Implementation Studies Extension (RIMES-SE).

The Reporting recommendations Intended for pharmaceutical risk Minimization Evaluation Studies (RIMES) was developed to improve the quality of reporting of risk minimization program evaluations. In light of continued inadequacies in study reporting, and high-profile program implementation failures, we updated the RIMES Checklist to incorporate additional concepts from the Standards for Reporting of Implementation studies (StaRI). The development of the updated checklist, the RIMES-StaRI Extension (RIMES-SE), entailed developing a study protocol and drafting an initial pool of items based on a mapping of the RIMES against the StaRI checklist. A modified e-Delphi exercise was then conducted to determine the importance and understandability of items for checklist inclusion. An expert workshop and an online commentary period for additional feedback followed. The RIMES-SE contains 27 items. It includes two signature features of the StaRI Checklist: 1) a dual strand of items (represented in two columns) describing the risk minimization program (the 'intervention') and the corresponding implementation strategy; and 2) applicable to an array of different research methodologies. The RIMES-SE Statement and Checklist extends the reporting guidelines set forth in the original RIMES Checklist via inclusion of key implementation science concepts. It is intended to improve the quality and transparency of reporting of risk minimization evaluation studies so as to advance drug safety science.

Complex Formation between the Transcription Factor WRKY53 and Antioxidative Enzymes Leads to Reciprocal Inhibition.

The transcription factor WRKY53 of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana is an important regulator of leaf senescence. Its expression, activity and degradation are tightly controlled by various mechanisms and feedback loops. Hydrogen peroxide is one of the inducing agents for WRKY53 expression, and a long-lasting intracellular increase in H2O2 content accompanies the upregulation of WRKY53 at the onset of leaf senescence. We have identified different antioxidative enzymes, including catalases (CATs), superoxide dismutases (SODs) and ascorbate peroxidases (APXs), as protein interaction partners of WRKY53 in a WRKY53-pulldown experiment at different developmental stages. The interaction of WRKY53 with these enzymes was confirmed in vivo by bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays (BiFC) in Arabidopsis protoplasts and transiently transformed tobacco leaves. The interaction with WRKY53 inhibited the activity of the enzyme isoforms CAT2, CAT3, APX1, Cu/ZuSOD1 and FeSOD1 (and vice versa), while the function of WRKY53 as a transcription factor was also inhibited by these complex formations. Other WRKY factors like WRKY18 or WRKY25 had no or only mild inhibitory effects on the enzyme activities, indicating that WRKY53 has a central position in this crosstalk. Taken together, we identified a new additional and unexpected feedback regulation between H2O2, the antioxidative enzymes and the transcription factor WRKY53.

Python Red Pitaya Lockbox (PyRPL): An open source software package for digital feedback control in quantum optics experiments.

We present the Python Red Pitaya Lockbox (PyRPL), an open source software package that allows the implementation of automatic digital feedback controllers for quantum optics experiments on commercially available, affordable Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) boards. Our software implements the digital generation of various types of error signals, from an analog input through the application of loop filters of high complexity and real-time gain adjustment for multiple analog output signals, including different algorithms for resonance search, lock acquisition sequences, and in-loop gain optimization. Furthermore, all necessary diagnostic instruments, such as an oscilloscope, a network analyzer, and a spectrum analyzer, are integrated into our software. Apart from providing a quickly scalable, automatic feedback controller, the lock performance that can be achieved by using PyRPL with imperfect equipment, such as piezoelectric transducers and noisy amplifiers, is better than the one achievable with standard analog controllers due to the higher complexity of implementable filters and possibilities of nonlinear operations in the FPGA. This drastically reduces the cost of added complexity when introducing additional feedback loops to an experiment. The open-source character also distinguishes PyRPL from commercial solutions, as it allows users to customize functionalities at various levels, ranging from the easy integration of PyRPL-based feedback controllers into existing setups to the modification of the FPGA functionality. A community of developers provides fast and efficient implementation and testing of software modifications.

CarFreeMe™-Dementia: Potential Benefits of a Driving Retirement Intervention Supporting Persons With Dementia and Their Families.

Driving retirement can be a necessary but challenging and emotionally complex transition, especially for people living with dementia. This pilot study evaluated the utility of CarFreeMe™-Dementia (CFM™-D), a telehealth intervention providing tailored education and social support to those living with dementia and their care partners, as they prepare for or adjust to driving retirement. Delivered by empathetic health professionals, CFM™-D is a person-centric, flexible program tailored to address challenges specific to the participants' driving retirement stage and individualized contexts. A single-arm, mixed-methods design was used to follow participants over a 6-month period. Participants received CFM™-D, a 7-8-module semistructured intervention, including education and planning support for driving retirement (impact of dementia, transportation options) and emotional adjustment (grief and loss, stress management). Surveys evaluated the perceived utility of intervention components as well as changes in well-being and readiness for driving retirement over time. An open-ended survey item and semistructured interviews provided additional feedback and a contextual understanding of the empirical data. A total of 50 families enrolled (17 care partners, 16 retiring/retired drivers with memory loss, and 17 care partner-retiring/retired driver dyads). Nearly all participants would recommend the intervention. Care partners reported significantly reduced (p < .05) isolation and relationship strain, and retiring drivers reported significant reductions in depressive symptoms. Driving retirement preparedness scores improved. Driving retirement phase, enrolling as a dyad, and retiring driver cognitive/functional impairment were associated with these outcomes. Participants also engaged in more driving retirement activities outside of the intervention (e.g., talking with health professionals). CFM™-D is a useful intervention for retiring drivers with dementia and their family members, with preliminary data suggesting it supports improved well-being and driving retirement preparedness. A randomized controlled trial is needed to determine the efficacy of the CFM™-D intervention and future translation needs.

Patient prioritisation of items to develop the Patient-Reported Impact of Dermatological Diseases measure: A global Delphi study.

The Global Research on the Impact of Dermatological Diseases (GRIDD) project is developing the new Patient-Reported Impact of Dermatological Diseases (PRIDD) measure. PRIDD measures the impact of dermatological conditions on the patient's life. This study aimed to seek consensus from patients on which items to prioritize for inclusion in PRIDD. A modified, two-round Delphi study was conducted. Adults (≥18 years) with dermatological conditions were recruited. The survey consisted of a demographic's questionnaire and 263 potential impact items in six languages. Quantitative data used Likert-type ranking scales and analysed against consensus criteria. Qualitative data collected free text responses for additional feedback and a framework analysis was conducted. 1154 people representing 90 dermatological conditions from 66 countries participated. Items were either removed (n = 79), edited (n = 179) or added (n = 2), based on consensus thresholds and qualitative feedback. Results generated the first draft of PRIDD with 27 items across five impact domains. This Delphi study resulted in the draft version of PRIDD, ready for psychometric testing. The triangulated data helped refine the existing conceptual framework of impact. PRIDD has since been pilot tested with patients and is currently undergoing psychometric testing.

Engage, educate, escape: The New Jersey Department of Health Project Firstline Escape Room

Objective: Participating in an escape room is not just an entertainment but can also be a form of education. Because of this, the New Jersey Department of Health (NJDOH), Project Firstline (PFL) created an escape room interactive training tool and skills-building exercise to encourage the identification and use of key infection control principles by current and future healthcare workers. Design and Setting: PFL is a US initiative that aims to provide infection prevention and control (IPC) knowledge to frontline healthcare workers. This article details health educators’ descriptions and experiences of an escape room developed as part of this initiative; guidance on how to incorporate this modality of learning into present and future teaching; and assessment data and feedback from participants to begin to understand the impact and effectiveness of this approach to learning. Methods: A total of 8 sessions, conducted in 3 locations, with 64 participants, yielded survey assessment data from 41 participants. Results: Quantitative results indicated that participants were highly satisfied with the escape room experience and reported an increased level of knowledge after participation. In addition, participants reported extremely high levels of intention to implement the training they received, and all would recommend the escape room experience to a friend or a colleague. Qualitative data supports the overall findings and provides specific examples of how participants said they would implement the knowledge they learned, along with additional positive feedback. Conclusion: Current and continuing efforts to promote PFL’s escape room are described, along with improvements and future actions.

Examination of Afghanistan's Development Traps

We examine the factors behind Afghanistan's persistent underdevelopment. Drawing on various theories of development traps operating at the demographic, economic and institutional levels, we seek to assess whether and to what extent their functioning affects Afghanistan's development. To capture the functioning of development traps empirically, we use several empirical indicators, and we employ non‐linear smooth transition models to evaluate the link between empirical indicators and economic development. We show that Afghanistan is caught in multiple development traps with entwined functioning, creating additional positive feedback loops that impede both the endogenous development of productive capacities and the broader social structural changes.

The communication strategy for the release of the first European Seismic Risk Model and the updated European Seismic Hazard Model

Abstract. To design user-centred and scientifically high-quality outreach products to inform about earthquake-related hazards and the associated risk, a close collaboration between the model developers and communication experts is needed. In this contribution, we present the communication strategy developed to support the public release of the first openly available European Seismic Risk Model and the updated European Seismic Hazard Model. The backbone of the strategy was the communication concept in which the overall vision, communication principles, target audiences (including personas), key messages, and products were defined. To fulfil the end-users' needs, we conducted two user testing surveys: one for the interactive risk map viewer and one for the risk poster with a special emphasis on the European earthquake risk map. To further ensure that the outreach products are not only understandable and attractive for different target groups but also adequate from a scientific point of view, a two-fold feedback mechanism involving experts in the field was implemented. Through a close collaboration with a network of communication specialists from other institutions supporting the release, additional feedback and exchange of knowledge was enabled. Our insights, gained as part of the release process, can support others in developing user-centred products reviewed by experts in the field to inform about hazard and risk models.