Scientific Research Activities Research Articles

Abstraction, Conceptualization, Disambiguation, Ideation, Innovation, Objectivization, Quantification, and Theorization in the Social Sciences: New Pillars for Contemporary Social Sciences Research

In many of our previous papers published over the years, we had developed and propounded concepts such as fuzzy logic, the theory of paradoxes, the certainty uncertainty principle for the social sciences, innovative methods for the social sciences, and had also explained the importance of inductive approaches, grounded theory, and nomothetic rule building. We had also stated the importance of practicalism as a core component of the philosophy of science. In this paper, we state the importance of abstraction, conceptualization, ideation, innovation, quantification, theorization, objectivization and disambiguation in the social sciences, and explain all of these concepts in detail. We also refer to them as the “pillars of social sciences research methods and techniques”, or “the guiding principles or the guiding forces in the use or employment of social science research methods and techniques, and social science research activity”. These approaches are necessary because social sciences research is mostly qualitative; these techniques could impart quality and objectivity to social science research in a way that other techniques cannot. These are different from the philosophy of science or the philosophy of social science, and these we anticipate would guide and drive much of social science research enterprise in the twenty-first century and beyond. These are also foundationally different from the objectives of social science research, examples of which could be cultural emancipation, inculcation of a scientific temper, etc. Needless to say, these can be gainfully employed in the non social sciences as well, though this is not our primary focus and emphasis here.

The development of an analytical model for science classroom creativity in China

ABSTRACT Background Fostering students’ creativity is a key feature of education. While Chinese students score well on international measures of science attainment, their performance on measures of science creativity is less impressive. Purpose To develop an analytical model for science classroom creativity in China and examine its likely applicability, given Chinese culture and other factors. With suitable modifications, our model may apply elsewhere, too. Design and methods We critically evaluated three established creativity models and developed a new analytical model for science classroom creativity in China by synthesising components from the three models and additional development in light of a literature review on science education practices. Results Our model for science classroom creativity in China has four components: ‘creative students’ (who possess or are developing creative characteristics, including scientific knowledge, divergent thinking, and intrinsic motivation); the ‘creative process’ (students’ engagement in scientific inquiry activities within classrooms, facilitated by the guidance of science teachers); ‘teachers’ attitudes to creativity’ (teachers’ perceptions of creative students and teachers’ feedback on creative ideas); a ‘creative environment’ (the physical and the socio-cultural environments within which teaching and learning take place). Conclusion In Chinese science classrooms, some students typically have adequate but not challenging scientific knowledge and a lack of divergent thinking and intrinsic motivation. Additionally, the inappropriate understanding and practice of scientific inquiry among some Chinese science teachers, coupled with their limited pedagogical content knowledge, can impede the creative process. This challenge might be further compounded by teachers’ partial understanding of creative students and negative feedback towards creative ideas. Moreover, the lack of a suitable physical environment and sufficient time prevent students from engaging in authentic scientific inquiry. Finally, the socio-cultural environment in which harmony, encouraged by collectivism and Confucianism, may not encourage difference, and cultural factors concerning ‘Face’ may discourage students from developing their creativity.

Changes of the trace metals in ice core during 1915‒2016 in coastal eastern Antarctica

Antarctic trace metal records provide important information for grasping the influence of human activities on the environment over the last centuries. The CA2016-75 ice core is located along the East Antarctic Zhongshan Station–Dome A, enhances the record of metals research in the East Antarctic region, and its high-resolution supplies data support for the study of high-frequency climatic drivers and the effect of human activities on the Antarctic environment. A thorough dataset on seven trace metals (Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ba and Pb) in a coastal ice core in eastern Antarctica during the previous 102 years (1915–2016) is presented in this study. Pb has the lowest concentration (9.51 ± 20.95 pg g−1), and Ba has the highest concentration (36.57 ± 51.35 ng g−1). Notable variations are observed between the pre-1968 AD and post-1968 AD phases for Mn, Zn and Ba. The abrupt, remarkable increase in the concentrations coincided with the change of metal smelting production in the southern hemisphere. In addition to this, it may also be related to local Antarctic scientific research activities. Al and Fe, the primary crustal elements, are essentially obtained from soil dust; Cu shows high crustal enrichment factors (EFc, >10), indicating that it is notably affected by anthropogenic activities. Moreover, the anthropogenic activities in the Southern Hemisphere have had an impact on lead deposition in Antarctica. This study not only enriches the trace metal historical record along the Zhongshan Station–Dome A but also provides a high-resolution ice core record, which is very crucial for the reconstruction of trace metal concentration changes in the last 100 years.

Preface

From 22nd to 24th December 2023, the 2023 3rd International Conference on Computational Modeling, Simulation and Data Analysis (CMSDA 2023) was held in Sanya, China via virtual form. The Conference attracted about 150 researchers, engineers, teachers and students worldwide working in or interested in the fields related to computational modeling, simulation and data analysis. The general objectives of the CMSDA 2023 were: To generate an adequate academic and scientific forum to present the work and experiences of researchers/teachers/students, contributing, in this way, to the production of new knowledge in the fields of computational modeling and data analysis. To create a path of establishing certain relationships for the speakers, authors and listeners, and providing opportunities for collaboration among the universities and institutions, in order to promote scientific research activities and develop relevant technologies. The subject areas in which the accepted papers were presented cover but are but not limited to: Perceptual Issues in Visualization and Modeling; Mathematical and Numerical Methods in Simulation and Modeling; Parallel and Distributed Computing Simulation; Big Data Visual Analysis; Data Analysis Algorithms and Systems, etc. We have invited renowned professors at home and abroad in these academic fields who shared with the attendees the latest innovations and research results in the domains of computational modeling, data mining and analysis. The Conference mainly featured keynote speeches by renowned experts and presentations of peer-reviewed papers by the authors. Among them, Prof. Daowen Qiu (Sun Yat-Sen University, China) shared his research on Distributed Quantum Algorithm for Simon’s Problem. Limited by today’s physical devices, quantum circuits are usually noisy and difficult to be designed deeply. The novel computing architecture of distributed quantum computing is expected to reduce the noise and depth of quantum circuits. And in his study, he presented the Simon’s problem in distributed scenarios and designed a distributed quantum algorithm to solve the problem. The algorithm proposed by him has the advantage of not only exponential acceleration compared with the classical distributed computing, but also square acceleration compared with the best distributed quantum algorithm proposed before. The Conference Proceedings was made so fruitful with all the excellent contributions collected from both domestic and international channels including the wonderful presentations in the Conference. It is a pleasure to thank the organizers, sponsors and all the participants and contributors for making the Conference possible and interesting. And our appreciation also to the members of Journal of Physics: Conference Series for providing us help in publishing this paper volume. The Committee of CMSDA 2023 List of Committee Member is available in this pdf.

How does participating scientific research projects affect postgraduates’ academic aspiration and interest? Grounding theory research based on six universities in H province

Participation in scientific research projects is the main way of postgraduate training, and academic aspiration and interest is an important variable affecting the quality of postgraduate training. So, how does participating in scientific research projects affect the academic aspiration and interest of master students? By interviewing 28 master students from 6 universities in H Province and using the grounded theory research method, a path model of the impact of participating in scientific research projects on the academic aspiration and interest of master students is formed: taking personal characteristics as the initial condition, important others such as tutors and research group examples and scientific research environment as the support category, and the change of graduate students' psychological state as the intermediary, Graduate students will take active or passive action strategies in scientific research activities, which will enhance or reduce their academic aspiration and interest. The change of academic aspiration and interest will react on their psychological state, forming a virtuous circle or bad circle. The model has important enlightening significance for graduate education and management.

Studying and Learning Islam in Achieving Amal during Ramadan in the Community of Dusun Suka Makmur, Riau

The prosperous villagers were in the new village of rambah, kec. Rambah samo, kab. Tip upstream, prov. Riau is a society that has a strong desire to seek knowledge. The reasons for this desire are based on a society that has also begun to understand the Koran, the doctrine of Islam. Unfortunately, people's desires cannot be well expressed because there are some factors that cause them to be irresoluble and running. The lack of manpower and a da 'i in the village is one reason, not to mention a female daiyah or teacher. It is also felt by the taqwa mosque -- the people at the taqwa mosque -- have lost the will to learn because there is neither thrusters nor teachers. For women, there are no da 'iyah women salhaj salaf places to consult on the problems of women, to make women in these villages feel troubled, while women and children are desperately in need, their need for daiyah is so well described by the still many instances of misreading the Koran, still mistaking in worship (especially those that are included in the harmony of Islam), And the lack of understanding of women to the laws that pertain to women. The methods of this study use community based research (CBR), the findings of scientific research activities conducted have encouraged and given children and mothers the opportunity to be active and involved in increasing their love of the quran, Arabic and islamic language more deeply into women's fiqh laws during Ramadan.

SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH COMPETENCE OF PROSPECTIVE ENGINEER: FORMS, EXPERIENCE, PERSPECTIVES

The article examines the issue of forming scientific-research competencies in prospective engineers as a component of the general professional competence of a prospective specialist of a technical sphere. The implementation of a competency-based approach is determined by the conceptual vector of modernizing the training of engineering specialists for their effective activity in industrial production at the level of world standards. Based on the analysis of the experience of training specialists in the technical field, the features and purpose of professional training of prospective engineers in institutions of higher technical education are established. The professional competence of a prospective specialist in the technical field is characterized by a creative thinking, scientific-research skills, initiative in solving production tasks, the ability to organize teamwork, and a conscious understanding of personal responsibility for work results. The humanitarian, engineering, project-technological, managerial, informational, scientific-research, economic, legal-economic, and ecological components of the professional competence of a prospective engineer are substantiated, which determine the professionalism of a modern specialist in the industry. Scientific-research competence is singled out as an important component of the professional competence of a specialist in the technical field. Scientific-research competence is defined as an integrated quality of the personality of a prospective engineer capable of purposeful scientific-research activity in the field of industrial production based on formed knowledge, skills, experience, and a valuable attitude towards the profession, colleagues, and state natural resources. The target, motivational, cognitive, activity, and reflexive aspects of the scientific-research competence of a prospective specialist in the technical field are characterized. The effectiveness of forming the scientific-research competence of prospective engineers is proved in order to prepare highly qualified technical specialists in institutions of higher technical education.

Challenges of the new Fiocruz Biodiversity and Health Biobank for preparedness and response to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), a Brazilian federal research institution supported by the Brazilian Health Ministry, established a biobank. This biobank began by preserving the SARS-CoV-2 virus and human biological material related to COVID-19. This innovative initiative combined human and biodiversity materials within a single infrastructure. Designed for supporting research, development, and innovation in healthcare and preparedness and response to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, the biobank’s focus has since expanded to include various biological materials, leading to its renaming as the Biodiversity and Health Biobank - Fiocruz-BBS (Portuguese: Biobanco da Biodiversidade e Saúde da Fiocruz – BBS-Fiocruz). This paper outlines the challenges of creating and maintaining an adequate infrastructure in a developing country for promoting and supporting scientific research and biotechnological innovation activities in health through processes of depositing, characterizing, preserving, and supplying human and biodiversity biological materials, alongside associated data, while complying with prevailing legal and ethical rules. These processes adhere to stringent quality, biosafety, and biosecurity standards set forth in ISO 20387:2018. Additionally, the challenges of ensuring the Biobank’s long-term sustainability is discussed. This involves a) establishing benchmarks and best practices, b) developing a comprehensive business plan, c) forging partnerships, d) diversifying funding sources, e) ensuring ethical and legal compliance, f) implementing rigorous quality control procedures, and g) investing in human resources and infrastructure. The insights shared in this paper will benefit other biobanks engaged in services related to tropical infectious diseases.

On the Separation of Scientific Activity and the State-owned Corporate Form of Science Management in Contemporary Russia. Part 2

The article presents the details of ideas and proposals announced by the author in 2021 within the framework of the round table of the “Science Management: Theory and Practice” journal (on the topic “Science in an Innovative Economy”). The proposed measures are considered as increasingly relevant in the face of the long-term confrontation with the ‘collective West’, which is striving for scientific and economic isolation of contemporary Russia, as well as in relation to the national goals and objectives set by the country’s leadership for the period up to 2036. The second part of the article deals with the structural as well as administrative and legal features of the Russian science and technology complex. It numbers over four thousand organizations that carry out research and development activities in substantially separate sectors of “civil” and “defense” science. As a result, a proposal is submitted to the readers to integrate research and development that produce new fundamental scientific knowledge, end-to-end high-tech technologies and relevant intellectual activity results in the interests of socio-economic development, the national defense and security of the state in a specialized state corporation by giving it the authority to regulate scientific research and technological activities, including those in relation to the rest of the bulk of Russian research organizations of different branches. It is proposed to implement a thoroughgoing reform in the field of Russian science by adoption of appropriate new federal laws.

MANAGEMENT OF THE SDGs ACHIEVEMENT PROCESS IN LNTU SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES

The article is devoted to considering green standards for scientific research activities, and a system of priority measures and the achievement of key performance indicators reasoning. A self-assessment of SDGs achievement according to Green standards at LNTU in 2023 has been conducted, which includes environmental, social, and economic responsibility, as well as components of education and research. The hypothesis of the consistency of experts' views during the self-assessment of compliance with green standards of scientific activities has been proven by the Kendall concordance coefficient.The results of the self-assessment of compliance with green standards of scientific activities at LNTU are the basis for forming strategic actions to achieve SDGs. A methodology for forming an archetypal scenario of interaction between LNTU and SDGs has been proposed for use: tolerant, uncommitted, paternalistic, or transformational. The implementation of the transformational archetypal scenario of interaction between LNTU contains priorities for improving policies and plans.

Fostering reflective impact orientation in transdisciplinary research–A multi-method workshop format

The primary objective of transdisciplinary research (TDR) is to contribute to the solution of complex ‘real-world’ problems by integrating heterogeneous knowledge and achieving societal effects. However, establishing a continuous impact orientation during TDR processes remains a challenge, as the necessary tools are not yet sufficiently available.We developed and tested a half-day workshop format for strengthening the impact-oriented project management and research activities of seven TDR projects. Our findings indicate that the reflective impact workshops supported participants in pursuing societal effects systematically. Applying the methodological approach also fosters TDR process qualities such as knowledge integration. Conducted at different project stages, the results can serve as a basis for monitoring and adapting the project design.The reflective approach•includes scientific and non-scientific TDR project team members,•draws on Theory of Change as a conceptual framework and motivates participants to reflect on plausible impact pathways and make implicit assumptions about interlinkages between different forms of societal effects explicit, and•provides results which enable project partners to adjust their project design for greater societal effectiveness.

Current Situation and Challenges of Safety Management of Chemical Laboratories in Universities: Problems and Countermeasures

University chemistry laboratory is an important base for teaching experiment and scientific research, and its experimental activities and scientific research results play an irreplaceable role in cultivating students' practical ability and promoting the development of the subject. However, with the increase of the frequency of laboratory use and the improvement of experimental complexity, the safety management of chemical laboratories in colleges and universities has become increasingly prominent. Laboratory accidents can not only cause serious harm to people and the environment, but can also have a negative impact on a school's reputation and the quality of education. Through the field investigation and data analysis of chemical laboratories in many colleges and universities, it is found that although many colleges and universities have established a set of safety management system, there are still many deficiencies in practical operation, such as weak safety awareness, imperfect safety facilities, insufficient safety training and lack of emergency plans. These problems not only threaten the safe operation of the laboratory, but also restrict the smooth development of scientific research and teaching activities. In view of the challenges facing the safety management of chemical laboratories in colleges and universities, safety education and training should be strengthened to improve the awareness and attention of teachers and students to laboratory safety. Secondly, it is necessary to improve the safety facilities and ensure that the hardware equipment of the laboratory can meet the safety requirements. In addition, a sound safety management system and emergency plans should be established to respond quickly and effectively in emergency situations.

We Will Innovate the Scientific Research Management System

This paper deeply discusses the urgency and implementation strategy of innovative scientific research management system. Under the background of the rapid development of science and technology, the traditional scientific research management system has been stretched thin, and it is difficult to meet the diversified and efficient needs of scientific research activities. Therefore, we urgently need to review and reform the existing scientific research management system. Firstly, this paper objectively analyzes the shortcomings of the current scientific research management system, as well as the challenges and difficulties it faces, and then leads to the urgency and necessity of innovating the scientific research management system. On this basis, the paper deeply analyzes the theoretical foundation of the innovative scientific research management system, and combines the advanced practice in this field at home and abroad to provide us with valuable reference. More importantly, the paper puts forward a series of practical strategies and suggestions, such as building a diversified scientific research investment mechanism, optimizing the scientific research evaluation system and incentive mechanism, and strengthening the construction of scientific research ethics and study style, so as to provide powerful theoretical support and practical guidelines for the innovation of scientific research management system.

INTEGRATION OF EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN THE PROCESS OF FORMING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF FUTURE TEACHERS

The effectiveness of forming the competitiveness of future teachers is ensured through the integration of educational and scientific research activities of students, embedded in the content of professional training. The article's purpose: to characterise the peculiarities of the integration of educational-scientific research activities in the process of forming the competitiveness of future teachers in higher education. Research methods: analysis and synthesis, comparison, systematization (to clarify key research concepts), and generalization (to form authors` conclusions). The concept of a teacher's competitiveness is considered as an integrative professionally significant quality of a specialist, which ensures the demand in the teaching labor market due to the realization of competitive advantages that reflect a high level of formation of general cultural and professional competencies and personal characteristics. The components of a teacher's competitiveness are: fundamental professional training, motivation for professional activity, positive value and moral attitudes of an individual, communication skills, organizational and leadership skills, the ability to work in a team, mobility, perseverance, initiative, responsibility, the presence of creative potential, innovative competence, purposefulness, the ability to plan a professional and life career, orientation towards self-development, self-improvement and self-realization, stress resistance, the ability to overcome difficulties, the desire for success, etc. The effectiveness of future teachers competitiveness formation is ensured through the integration of educational-scientific research activities, provided by the principles: unification and coordination of the efforts and interests of scientists and departments of the university with all interested persons and scientific structures; ensuring cathedral autonomy; formation of a connection between scientific and research activities with the future profession and requests of real practice; expansion of international cooperation.

Integration of a new Cryogenic Liquefier into the IB-1 Cryogenic Test Facility

The increase over the last years of the testing activities related to quantum systems, SRF cavities for the PIP-II and the LCLS-II projects, as well as superconducting magnets for the HL-LHC project and Fusion research activities, has required the addition of a new Helium cryogenic plant into the existing IB-1 Industrial Cryogenic Test Facility. The new cryogenic plant is composed of a cryogenic liquefier (Cold Box) able to provide up to 340 L/h, a 4 kL Dewar and two Mycom® compressors providing up to 120 g/s. AL-AT (Air Liquide Advanced Technologies) has taken part of this project by designing and manufacturing the cryogenic liquefier. This new cryogenic plant is connected through a cryogenic distribution system to a 10 kL Dewar, which is part of the existing cryogenic test facility, itself composed of another Cold Box and a Sullair® compressor. The new cryogenic plant has two main operating modes: one allows to transfer liquid helium at 1.7 bar between the two Dewars, the other allows to transfer supercritical Helium at 2 bar or more between the new Cold Box and the 10 kL Dewar. The entire industrial cryogenic facility is handled by a common Inventory Control System, composed of three control valves, and 9 tanks giving a total buffer volume of more than 1000 m3. This paper presents the technical features of the new Helium cryogenic plant, as well as the main results of the liquefier commissioning phase and details of the helium transfer between the two Dewars, making the connection between the cryogenic plants at the IB-1 Industrial Cryogenic Test Facility.

Approaches for motivating undergraduates to participate in scientific research

Scientific inquiry has always been a fundamental educational endeavor for students. Undergraduate students are novices who are not well-versed in scientific research activities; hence, they frequently encounter several obstacles. This research investigates the challenges and incentives that drive undergraduate students to engage in scientific inquiry. Subsequently, in accordance with this theoretical framework, “Tinto’s Persistence Theory” a model of approaches was generated to encourage undergraduate students in Vietnam to do more high-quality scientific research.

A Proposal for Improvement of Korean Science Inquiry Activities through an Analysis of Practicals of the IB DP Physics

A Proposal for Improvement of Korean Science Inquiry Activities through an Analysis of Practicals of the IB DP Physics

Model of Implementation of Consistency in Professional and Pedagogical Activities of math Teachers

This article shows one of the possible theoretical models for the implementation of system city in the professional and pedagogical activities of a future mathematics teacher in the learning process. The constructed model is presented from the position of a systemic and methodological approach to the activities of the teacher as a carrier of activity and is focused on updating system city in the upcoming professional and pedagogical activities. In the proposed theoretical model, one of the most important components is a set of special means: systemic-structural, subject knowledge and procedural-didactic, which correspond to the general scientific (methodological), the actual subject and educational and didactic activities of the teacher. Our own pedagogical experience confirms that the use of this complex of special tools in a teacher’s activities gives rise to a special systematic style (way) of his practical and mental activity. The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence and content of the theoretical model for the implementation of system city in the professional and pedagogical activities of a future mathematics teacher. Methodology. The methodological foundations of this study are the starting points and ideas of theoretical-constructive and analytical-reflexive theory. The basic methods and means of a systemic strategy of mental and practical activity, a systemic-structural and constructive methodology for the implementation of scientific research activities, as well as the basic ideas of the theory of knowledge, thinking and reflection were used. Research results. Based on the systemic-methodological approach to defining the activities of a teacher, the content and structure of a conceptual-theoretical model for the implementation and actualization of system city in the professional and pedagogical activities of a mathematics teacher have been developed. To sum up, conclusions are drawn about the need to implement and update the presented theoretical model, functionally oriented towards the implementation of system city in the professional and pedagogical activities of a mathematics teacher. At the same time, further practical implementation of this model will improve the quality of the teacher’s work in the process of teaching mathematics, optimize the learning process, and also increase the efficiency of mathematics education.

Development of an index system for the scientific literacy of medical staff: a modified Delphi study in China.

Scientific research activity in hospitals is important for promoting the development of clinical medicine, and the scientific literacy of medical staff plays an important role in improving the quality and competitiveness of hospital research. To date, no index system applicable to the scientific literacy of medical staff in China has been developed that can effectively evaluate and guide scientific literacy. This study aimed to establish an index system for the scientific literacy of medical staff in China and provide a reference for improving the evaluation of this system. In this study, a preliminary indicator pool for the scientific literacy of medical staff was constructed through the nominal group technique (n = 16) with medical staff. Then, two rounds of Delphi expert consultation surveys (n = 20) were conducted with clinicians, and the indicators were screened, revised and supplemented using the boundary value method and expert opinions. Next, the hierarchical analysis method was utilized to determine the weights of the indicators and ultimately establish a scientific literacy indicator system for medical staff. Following expert opinion, the index system for the scientific literacy of medical staff featuring 2 first-level indicators, 9second-level indicators, and 38 third-level indicators was ultimately established, and the weights of the indicators were calculated. The two first-level indicators were research literacy and research ability, and the second-level indicators were research attitude (0.375), ability to identify problems (0.2038), basic literacy (0.1250), ability to implement projects (0.0843), research output capacity (0.0747), professional capacity (0.0735), data-processing capacity (0.0239), thesis-writing skills (0.0217), and ability to use literature (0.0181). This study constructed a comprehensive scientific literacy index system that can assess medical staff's scientific literacy and serve as a reference for evaluating and improving their scientific literacy.

<span>Factors influences scientific research activities of engineering students at An Giang University</span>

Scientific research helps enable students to access theoretical and practical knowledge in depth. However, stimulating student participation in scientific research is challenging for universities and colleges nationwide. This study was conducted on 224 students majoring in engineering at An Giang University to investigate the factors influencing student involvement in scientific research. The survey results showed that from 2018 to 2020, there were no student scientific research projects, while in 2021 there were 02 and in 2022 only 01. Among the 7 surveyed influencing factors, personal interest was the highest, accounting for 36.61%. Regarding the 4 levels of satisfaction surveyed, the majority of students were satisfied with their supervising professors, accounting for 38.83%. For accessing scientific research, understanding of scientific research accounted for only 8.93%. Therefore, we propose several solutions such as increasing bonus points for academic achievements, allocating more funding support, organizing research groups, and promoting scientific conferences within the university to enhance student participation in scientific research.