Real Action Research Articles

Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Aswaja Nu Dalam Kegiatan Keagamaan Di SMKN Jatiluhur Purwakarta

This research aims to examine efforts to internalize Aswaja Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) values ??in religious activities at SMKN Jatiluhur, Purwakarta. A qualitative approach using the case study method was used to explore the concept and process of internalizing Aswaja NU values, especially tawassuth (moderate), tawazun (balanced), i'tidal (fair), and tasamuh (tolerant). Data was collected through interviews, observation and documentation. Research findings reveal that Jatiluhur Vocational School seeks to internalize the values ??of Aswaja NU through religious activities such as lectures, congregational prayers, reading the Koran, and commemorating Islamic holidays. The internalization process is carried out in stages, including Aswaja Knowing (providing understanding), Aswaja Feeling (growing a sense of the importance of Aswaja NU values), and Aswaja Action (implementing values ??in real action). This research also confirms the importance of role models from the entire academic community in the internalization process. Even though it does not have a specific written design, Jatiluhur Vocational School integrates NU Aswaja values ??into existing religious activities in an effort to prevent radicalism and build a moderate and tolerant character. The findings of this research contribute to strengthening moderate and tolerant religious education in the school environment to prevent the spread of radical ideas and promote diversity.

The Extinction Rebellion and going beyond politics: can deliberation be the answer in climate mitigation?

The United Nations (UN) has characterized the climate crisis as ‘the defining crisis of our time’ (United Nations 2023). To address the crisis in the 2020s, the so-called new climate movement has emerged to protest the inadequate climate action taken by political power holders and to demand real political action on climate issues. One of the movement’s branches is Extinction Rebellion, which has three central demands: demand for the government to ‘act now’ (to halt biodiversity loss and reduce greenhouse-gas emissions to net zero by 2025), to ‘tell the truth (by declaring climate emergency) and to ‘go beyond politics’ by introducing a Citizens Assembly on climate and environmental justice. The question, however, is how impactful these demands, and by extension, actions, can be to address the issue of the climate crisis. This Reflection takes a critical view of Extinction Rebellion’s third goal, going beyond politics, and discusses the potential issues with the impact of the proposed Climate Assembly.

LOKAKARYA PEMBUATAN MODUL AJAR KURIKULUM MERDEKA

The Independent Curriculum teaching module making workshop is a community service project led by PAKUAN University Pre-service Teacher Professional Education students, with the aim of participating in the successful implementation of the independent curriculum at SDIT Umar Bin Abdul Aziz in providing special training in making teaching modules for the school's teachers. The workshop was held on 7 February and 30 May 2023 and was attended by 16 teachers of SDIT Umar Bin Abdul Aziz. This workshop project was carried out through a training method which was divided into 5 stages, namely the stages of problem identification, implementation, evaluation, documentation and reporting. The core activities of the workshop were arranged using the MERDEKA flow (starting from self, concept exploration, collaboration space, contextual demonstration, elaboration of understanding, connection between materials, real action) so that participants were more interactive during the activity process. At the end of the activity, participants took real action, namely direct practice in making teaching modules accompanied by resource persons so that the product of the results of this teaching module making workshop activity was a teaching module made directly by the participants of the SDIT Umar Bin Abdul Aziz teachers.

Projectile Load Design Development and Construction comparing OCW, Ladder, Chronograph, and barrel acceleration FFT Methods for Numerical Models

The research and development of new materials and technologies orient the design, development, and construction of new sport optics products across the globe. With each improvement, whether in a riflescope or accessories, the final product must function without fail in the customer's hand and under the required specification conditions. Therefore, before the product is placed on the market it must be subject to a series of procedures, which involve both performing numerical analysis and physical tests to increase confidence and reliability. Numerical analyses require input data, and that must be consistent with real actions that influence the product to react. In the development of shooting equipment, the rifle recoil is considered the primary reaction for riflescopes, rifles, and accessories alike and is the most significant factor that could cause failure. For this reason, it is essential to use a load development process to have consistent energies, velocities, recoil curves, and reactions. This paper will present, discuss, and analyze the efficacy of the Optimum Charge Weight (OCW), ladder, chronograph, and barrel acceleration Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) load development methods and the results of each in load development.

The Leadership and Communication Style of the Government of Bojonegoro Regency during the 2018-2023 Period

Each leader has a different communication style in arousing public sympathy for the leader to achieve development goals optimally. In the 2018 regional elections, Dr. Hj. Anna Mu'awanah, M.H., was elected as Regent of Bojonegoro Regency. Since then, during 2018-2023, there have been many changes in governance and development in Bojonegoro Regency. It refers to the communication style of Regent Dr. Hj. Anna Mu'awanah, M.H.'s leadership with the community and government agencies that influence the regent's success in developing his region. The purpose of this research is to determine Dr. Hj. Anna Mu'awanah, M.H as Regent of Bojonegoro for the 2018 - 2023 period in organizing the government she leads and to find out about the governance implemented in the 2018-2023 period in Bojonegoro Regency. This research is a qualitative method. The results indicated that Dr. Hj. Anna Mu'awanah, M.H., the Regent of Bojonegoro, prioritizes innovation and dominates ambition even though she has to sacrifice several matters to carry out her activities. However, this was right on target and was followed by other parties for several common reasons, namely the progress of Bojonegoro Regency. What is meant is giving orders accompanied by goals and objectives regarding the work that must be completed for subordinates. In this way, the regent's communication style, Dr. Anna Mu'awanah, who gave orders with a focus on real action and problem-solving, showed the direction of communication and leadership of the Regent, Dr. Anna Mu'awanah in developing Bojonegoro Regency has been implemented and is under the leadership style indicators according to Stewart L. Tubbs and Selvia Moss (1996). However, there are still several shortcomings in verbal communication to the public.

ANALISIS BEBAN KERJA KARYAWAN LAUNDRY X HOTEL BATAM

Workers who do work beyond their capabilities or exceed their capacity are called workload. The main factor that causes workload is that when we are working we are faced with various kinds of work problems that are not resolved or there is no solution to solve these problems. One of the problems that occurred at Hotel This research uses a qualitative method design with a case study approach. The results of this research were obtained using in-depth interview techniques with informants in the form of direct observation and when the data had been collected it was then analyzed. This analysis itself focuses on the workload experienced by X Hotel Batam laundry employees. In this research, the informants were laundry employees at X Hotel Batam. The interview was conducted at X Hotel Batam on January 24 2023. This approach uses a qualitative approach to see the natural conditions of an activity carried out by X Hotel Batam laundry employees. This approach aims to gain understanding and describe actual reality. Based on the results of research conducted by researchers, it can be concluded that X Hotel Batam laundry employees try to find a way out of these unpleasant feelings by carrying out evaluations once a month by sharing their feelings or complaints while working. This is certainly very effective and effective in improving the relationships that exist during work and as fellow human beings. As fellow employees who are equally paid and equally fighting for continuity.

ANALISIS FRAMING PEMBERITAAN JOKOWI MINTA DIKRITIK DI MEDIA ONLINE TIMES INDONESIA DAN TEMPO.CO (ANALISIS FRAMING BERITA TIMES INDONESIA DAN TEMPO.CO PERIODE FEBRUARI 2023)

This study, entitled “Analysis of Jokowi's news framing, asked for criticism in the online media Times Indonesia and Tempo.co.”. The purpose of this study is to find out how Times Indonesia and Tempo.co framed Jokowi's news coverage asking for criticism. This study analyzes 4 news units, consisting of 2 news units from Times Indonesia and 2 news units from Tempo.co. In this study, researchers use framing theory where this theory assumes that frames are the way the media and media gatekeepers regulate the presentation of an event and the issues they cover, especially researchers using the framing theory proposed by Zhongdang Pan and Kosicki. The paradigm used in this research is constructivism with qualitative research methods. The results of this study indicate that the two media have very different and even opposite frames. Like Times Indonesia in reporting on Jokowi asking to be criticized, Times Indonesia tending to be less objective in this report, Times Indonesia going too far to heed Jokowi's policies without looking at other aspects that are also related to Jokowi asking for criticism, in contrast to Times Indonesia, Tempo.co in reporting Jokowi asking for criticism tends to try to maintain objectivity but is still embellished with a tendency to accuse Jokowi of being a paradox, but the information provided by Tempo.co is closer to the actual reality.

Do indirect measures of attitudes improve our predictions of behavior? Evaluating and explaining the predictive validity of GATA

The generalization of the results accumulated to date has shown that the implicit measures of attitudes (some even suggest defining them with a less pretentious term “indirect”) show a disappointingly weak predictive potential in relation to real behavior. Thus, the predictive validity of the Graphical Association Test of Attitude (GATA), which also claims to be an indirect method, has been questioned. To check this assumption, we analyzed the results obtained with GATA in 64 predictions provided that the predicted outcome could be verified by real action. Such forecasts cover the domains of electoral, consumer and communicative behavior. In some cases, the prediction based on the data from a representative sample was checked referring to the actual behavior of the group represented by the sample, e.g., the electorate, or the consumers of a certain category of goods, etc. In other cases, the accuracy of the forecast was checked for each respondent. This allows to avoid the effect of “mutual compensation” of erroneous forecasts with opposite valence. The test method consisted of a comparison of the prediction accuracy of pairs of “control” and “experimental” prediction models: the only difference identified was that the latter used the data from indirect measurements of GATA as an additional factor of action. In the article, all models are presented in their simplest and most transparent versions. The results of the conducted meta-analysis do not fully correspond to the general trend: the use of the GATA data significantly and continuously improves the accuracy of predicting behavior. In addition, the incremental effect on the accuracy of individual forecasts (for each respondent) turned out to be higher than that of the sample-based group forecasts.

PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS PERANGKAT DESA DALAM MEMBANGUN KESADARAN MEMAHAMI SUSUNAN ORGANISASI DAN TATA KERJA (SOTK)

One of the important instruments that form the basis for the performance of the village government is the Structure of Organisation and Work Procedure (SOTK). Permendagri No. 84/2015 is the main reference for the establishment of the SOTK of the village government. Therefore, to overcome this lack of understanding, it is necessary to empower the village officials through training and mentoring. In the implementation of this activity, the concept of participatory learning and action was adopted (Theresia in Hasanah & Saruri, 2018). This approach is implemented by emphasizing lectures, discussions, and brainstorming activities that are carried out interactively with the village head and village apparatus of Bioa Sengok, and continued with real actions or activities related to community empowerment material. This community service activity was carried out and produced knowledge for the Bioa Sengok village government in the form of capacity building in recognizing villages through the Village Law, understanding village government management, and understanding basic concepts of SOTK. However, in the future, more specific training for the village government is needed to organize good village governance.

Perceptions of Adulthood: What Does it Mean to be Grown-Up?

AbstractAdulthood has traditionally been defined by the attainment of socio-demographic milestones such as career, marriage, and parenthood, but these milestones are increasingly delayed or have become inaccessible for young people today. As a result, young people are likely to experience a discrepancy between their expectations for and their actual reality of adulthood, which can negatively affect their well-being and psychological development. To systematically study contemporary definitions of and attitudes towards adulthood, we assessed a sample of 722 UK adults with an age range from 18 to 77 years on: (a) subjective adult status, or the extent to which people feel like adults; (b) attitudes towards adulthood, or whether people think adulthood is a positive time of life; and (c) the characteristics that people use to define adulthood today. We found that most participants felt adult and had positive attitudes towards adulthood. Our participants defined adulthood predominantly through psychological characteristics, for example “Accepting responsibility for the consequences of my actions” (endorsed by 80% of the sample), rather than by socio-demographic milestones which were endorsed by only 22–40% of participants. Both subjective adult status and attitudes towards adulthood were significantly associated with older age and the attainment of the socio-demographic milestones of marriage and parenthood. Regression analyses revealed that having a positive attitude towards adulthood was the strongest psychological predictor of subjective adult status, accounting for 10% of the variance. This suggests that fostering positive attitudes towards adulthood may help improving the well-being of contemporary adults.

Preface

The 4th International Conference on Environmental and Sustainability Development (4th ICESD) was held on November 21, 2023, hosted by the Doctoral Program in Environmental Science at Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia. The conference was conducted online through Zoom and broadcasted on YouTube to enhance accessibility for dissemination. The theme of this international conference was “Comprehensive Approaches to Address Global Environmental Issues: Integrating Science, Policy, and Best Practice.” The conference is part of the ICESD series, held annually since 2020.During the general assembly meeting, five invited speakers from Russia, Malaysia, and Indonesia delivered talks related to the conference theme. For the parallel sessions, a total of 92 submissions were received, and only 68 papers were accepted for presentation at the conference. The authors of these papers came from various countries, including Indonesia, Malaysia, Oman, Japan, and China. The presentations were divided into six rooms, covering four different topics: biodiversity and conservation, climate and environment, sustainable development approaches, and waste management and environmental engineering.Experts, academics, practitioners, stakeholders, and communities shared ideas and views that inspired real action in maintaining and creating sustainable harmony for our Earth amidst the challenges of global climate change, environmental degradation, decreased biodiversity, and global warming. Through discussions, research, and strong collaboration, this international seminar promoted an in-depth understanding of the complex relationship between global climate change, environmental sustainability, and efforts to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).List of The 4th ICESD Committee is available in this Pdf.

Kebijakan Pengembangan Kawasan Minapolitan sebagai Potensi Minawisata di Kecamatan Losarang Kabupaten Indramayu

The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of policies in the development of the Minapolitan area as a potential for tourism in Losarang District, Indramayu Regency, the driving and inhibiting factors that occur, as well as the strategies and efforts made. This type of case study research with qualitative methods were obtained through literature and field studies, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation studies. Data were analyzed using qualitative analysis with three steps, namely data reduction, presentation, and verification. The results of the study show: 1) the implementation of the policy for the development of the minapolitan area as a potential for tourism in Indramayu district is not optimal as seen from the dimensions of policy implementation which have not been fulfilled properly, namely aspects of policy communication, resources, dispositions, and bureaucratic structure; 2) factors that support this policy are potential natural resources and local cultural wealth, and inhibiting factors are problems with the quality of human resources, infrastructure, lack of regional regulations and legal instruments at the technical level of implementation, budget, public awareness, technology and media public information; 3) the efforts made by the local government to include the development of Minawisata in the regional development plan and communicate it to related parties. Minapolitan entrepreneurs are modernizing salt production so that it has a tourism appeal. While the community's efforts are to take real action to organize the area, clean up waste so that it attracts tourists to come to their area.

기무라 다이켄 『원시불교사상론』의 유정론(有情論)과 의지주의

Taiken Kimura (木村泰賢) was a distinguished Buddhist scholar active during Japan's Taisho period. As a monk affiliated with the Japanese Soto Zen, he completed his education in the Department of Indian Philosophy at Tokyo Imperial University. Subsequently, he pursued further studies in Europe, including stints in England and Germany. During his European sojourn, he authored On Primitive Buddhist Thought (Genshi bukkyō shisōron), which was published in Japan in 1922. Within this publication, Kimura posited that both Primitive Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism were underpinned by voluntarism. He underscored Mahayana Buddhism's continuity with Primitive Buddhism. Kimura extensively employed voluntarism to analyze the Twelvefold Dependent Origination in Primitive Buddhism. Notably, he associated the concept of “ignorance”(avijjā) within the Twelvefold Origination with “blind will”, a notion articulated by Schopenhauer.
 Central to Kimura's perspective was the belief that the essence of sentient beings lay in desire, constituting the driving force behind life's activities. He identified two desires within the Twelvefold Dependent Origination, “craving”(taṇhā) and “ignorance”(avijjā), understanding them as manifestations of will. According to his viewpoint, the life activities of sentient beings unfolded as expressions of desire or will.
 Nevertheless, Kimura contended that desire transcended its role as a mere producer of “defilements” (kilesa), extending into an absolute “actual reality”(dharmatā). He frequently associated the concept of “nibbana without residue”(anupdisesanibbana) or absolute “actual reality” with the will, sometimes identifying it as a material or metaphysical reality. His theoretical framework could be characterized as a form of Metaphysics of Will. Drawing from the apparent reality of sentient beings as driven by desires, Kimura aimed to elucidate not only the life activities of sentient beings amid suffering but also to expound upon the absolute world that transcends suffering.

일본의 독도 고유영토론 고찰

It is said that the inherent territory theory was invented by Japan. Japan, which lost a lot of territory after its defeat in World War II, began to raise claims of ‘inherent territory’ in order to recover such territory. The first time the claim of ‘inherent territory (固有の領土)’ was used for the two islands, Habomai and Shikotan, on the border with Russia. Afterwards, in 1956, Japanese Foreign Minister Mamoru Shigemitsu stated in a speech to the National Assembly that Dokdo was also Japan's inherent territory. In general, ‘inherent territory’ means ‘national territory that has never historically become the territory of another country’ or ‘unique national territory that has not been newly acquired through the mode of territorial acquisition.’ It is distinguished from ‘territory possessed since the establishment of a modern state’ or ‘territory possessed ab origine at the time of the establishment of a modern state, and territory acquired by gains after the establishment of the state.’ Inherent territory is understood to include three aspects: 1) the temporal and historical part, 2) the mode of territorial acquisition, and 3) the absence of foreign domination. Although the inherent territory theory seems similar to historical title at first glance, it is reasonable to believe that the inherent territory theory claimed by Japan is virtually impossible to apply not only under international law but also in actual reality, and is unlikely to be accepted as a theory under international law.

Personal Career Development With Appreciative Inquiry To Increase Employee Engagement

This research aims to increase employee engagement by designing and implementing personal career development planning based on appreciative inquiry at PT. X. Then, personal career development planning activities based on appreciative inquiry gave rise to real action. The method in this research uses an appreciative inquiry approach, with a cycle of define, discovery, dream, design, and destiny with mini workshop media for employees representing each department when planning personal career development. The success of this research is measured by the process of the mini workshop and the outcomes of the intervention provided. The research results showed that the subjects gave an upbeat assessment of the mini-workshop activities and participated with spirit and enthusiasm. Then, the outcomes of this research show that the subjects experienced the impact of change, namely increased engagement from individuals and the implementation of actions that had been designed. In short, personal career development planning carried out by employees provides positive impacts and changes in organizational development

Obraz przywództwa politycznego kanclerza Olafa Scholza na łamach dziennika „Rzeczpospolita” w kontekście wojny Rosji w Ukrainie (2021–2023)

The aim of the article is to reconstruct the media image of Olaf Scholz’s political leadership in the period immediately preceding Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 and during the war until the conference on the future of Ukraine held in Saudi arabia in Jeddah. The author used the method of content analysis, the method of systematic literature review and the method of analysis and synthesis. The image of Scholz in the “Rzeczpospolita” daily is ambivalent and reflects the so-called Realpolitik. The German chancellor has been presented as a politician who supports Ukraine basically only at the declarative level, while the media image of Germany’s real actions is inconsistent with the chancellor's verbal message. In the analyzed daily, the image of the head of the German government is that of a politician who intends to maintain business relations with Russia and return to the business-as-usual policy with the Russian Federation. Scholz is presented as a politician who does not support Ukraine in its aspirations related to membership in NATO and the European Union. The article increases the cognitive value in the area of research on the media image of Europe’s political leaders in the context of the war in Ukraine led by the Russian Federation.

Digital Marketing Untuk Peningkatan Produktivitas Usaha Tape di Kabupaten Sumenep Madura

Tape entrepreneurs in Payudan Dundang and Pordapor villages have been pursuing this business conventionally since the beginning. The assistance aims to change methods from conventional to digital to become a solution in advancing the business of the Entrepreneurs in the two assisted villages. Assistance with digital marketing concepts is one of the effective methods of driving the economy of residents who focus on local potential. This tape productivity effort is not just an economic concept, but is also a way to solve the socio-economic problems of the interior which are getting worse with the existence of the modern market. Mentoring is carried out by opening initial communication with tape entrepreneurs at the mentoring location, seeing what business techniques are used, and planning the best mentoring method. The method used is advocacy, training and real action in utilizing natural materials around, and penetrating the modern market with tape packaging innovations.

The Impact of IFRS 9 Compliance on Financial Statement Outputs: An Exploratory Study of a Sample of Commercial Banks

The current research aims to adopt Financial Reporting Standards No. (9) using one of the alternatives to accounting measurement (fair value/amortized cost). This approach transforms financial statements into a crucial tool for management to assess financial performance. This application is expected to alter the actual reality of the economic unit, influencing the value of the stock and impacting competitive value in the future. Several statistical tools and equations related to fair value/amortized cost, as outlined in International Accounting Standard 9, were employed. The research yielded several conclusions, with the most significant being that the implementation of the fair value accounting model by the International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS9) can lead to results that truly reflect the financial performance and position of the research sample, instilling confidence in the financial statement outputs. After identifying the key conclusions, the research provides various recommendations. Foremost among them is the encouragement for banks to adhere to international financial reporting standards, particularly the International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS9). This recommendation stems from the evident importance of presenting financial statements in a manner that accurately mirrors their actual reality.

Динаміка показників техніко-тактичної підготовленості дзюдоїстів 19-21 років середніх вагових категорій під впливом запропонованих моделей підготовки

Purpose: to investigate the dynamics of indicators of technical and tactical preparedness of judokas of 19-21 years old of middle weight categories under the influence of the offered models of training. Material and methods. Methods of the research: analysis and generalization of scientific and methodical literature; timekeeping; analysis of protocols and video recordings of fights of judokas of 19-21 years old of weight categories up to 60 kg, up to 66 kg; pedagogical experiment; methods of mathematical statistics. The pedagogical experiment was attended by 20 judokas aged 19-21 years (Candidate for Master of Sports, Master of Sports of Ukraine), who were divided into control and experimental groups of 10 athletes each. We analyzed 60 fights of sportsmen of the experimental and 60 fights of the control groups. Results: after the pedagogical experiment, the number of fights that ended early increased in the judokas of the experimental group (the beginning of the experiment - 66 %, the end - 77 %) and the number of fights within the allotted time and in additional time decreased. This suggests that the fights of the athletes of the experimental group are quite dynamic, and the use of combinations and counterattacks allows to finish the fight before the allotted time. Also, the number of counterattacks and combinations of techniques during fights increased statistically significantly. Thus, the number of application of the combination technique increased from 18 to 23 (t=3,61; p<0,05), and the counterattacking from 21 to 31 (t=5,73; p<0,05). Also, the increase in the total number of real attempts to perform technical actions from 104 to 138 was established. A more detailed analysis showed that in the stand position sportsmen of the experimental group performed a smaller number of real attempts to perform technical actions in comparison with the beginning of the experiment (beginning - 103, the end - 97). Also, there is an increase in the effectiveness of technical actions (beginning - 24 (23 %), end - 35 (36 %)) estimated by judges as a half-victory (beginning - 12, end - 20) and as a pure victory (beginning - 12, end - 15). In the ground position, an increase in the number of real technical actions is observed. Thus, at the beginning of the experiment this indicator was 30 attempts, at the end - 38. Due to this the total number of real attempts of technical actions increased. Also, there is an increase in the effectiveness of technical actions (beginning - 14 (47 %), end - 19 (50 %)) evaluated by judges as half a victory (beginning - 5, end - 8) and as a pure victory (beginning - 9, end - 11). Conclusions. It is established that under the influence of the offered models of technical and tactical preparation the use of combinations and counterattacks during a fight which allows to finish it earlier than the allotted time in sportsmen of the experimental group increased. The increase in the total number of real attempts to perform technical actions, as well as certain actions (throw with the emphasis of the lower leg in the thigh, picking up under one leg, turning with hands), their effectiveness was established. Also, there is a decrease in the number of throws from the knees in a fight and an increase in its effectiveness. Keywords: competitive activity, judo, training, weight categories, indicators, modeling, models.

Marketing Target Achievement Strategies: Study on WOM Finance Marketing Personnel

This research aims to study and analyze the strategy of the financing company WOM Finance in maintaining good relationships with customers and implementing bailouts as an innovative marketing technique. The research locus is the object and source of data from the place being researched so that the information obtained can provide accurate data and truth in research. In WOM companies: Marketing Division Manager, Marketing Team Head, and Marketing Division Staff. The qualitative approach carried out through the data analysis technique used is the Manual Data Analysis Procedure (MDAP) by Rofiah (2023), from the results of interviews accompanied by triangulation of sources, methods and theories, it can be concluded that WOM Finance in realizing company goals includes a relational marketing orientation (internal) which consists of special internal training and maintaining communication. Relationship (external) marketing orientation which consists of the golden rules of marketing, maintaining trust, maintaining good relationships with customers, being ethical and listening to input, and maintaining communication. Marketing actions as real actions to attract WOM Finance customers focus on several points including customers, costs, as well as convenience and communication. The new breakthrough effort being made is a bailout strategy which is expected to prevent the bad reputation of companies and marketers.