Actual Magnetic Field Research Articles

A quantitative explanation of the cyclotron-line variation in accreting magnetic neutron stars of super-critical luminosity

Context. Magnetic neutron stars (NSs) often exhibit a cyclotron resonant scattering feature (CRSF) in their X-ray spectra. Cyclotron lines are believed to be generated in the radiative shock in the accretion column. High-luminosity NSs show a smooth anti-correlation between the cyclotron-line centroid (ECRSF) and X-ray luminosity (LX). Aims. It has been pointed out that the observed ECRSF − LX smooth anti-correlation in high-luminosity NSs is in tension with the theoretically predicted one, if the radiative shock is the site of cyclotron-line formation. The shock height increases approximately linearly with luminosity, while the dipolar magnetic field drops as the cubic power of distance, thereby implying that the cyclotron-line energy ought to decrease significantly when the luminosity increases by, say, an order of magnitude, which is contrary to observations. Since there is no other candidate site for the cyclotron-line formation, we re-examine the predicted rate of change of the cyclotron-line energy with luminosity at the radiative shock, taking a closer look at the Physics involved. Methods. We developed a purely analytical model describing the overall dependence of the observed cyclotron energy centroid on the shock front’s height, including both the relativistic boosting and the gravitational redshift effects in our considerations. The relativistic boosting effect is due to the mildly relativistic motion of the accreting plasma upstream with respect to the shock’s reference frame. Reults. We find that the cyclotron-line energy varies with (a) the shock height due to the dipolar magnetic field, (b) the Doppler boosting between the shock and bulk-motion frames, and (c) the gravitational redshift. We show that the relativistic effects noticeably weaken the predicted ECRSF − LX anti-correlation. We use our model to fit the data of the X-ray source V0332+53 that exhibits a weak negative correlation and demonstrate that the model fits the data impressively well, thereby alleviating the tension between observations and theory. Conclusions. The reported weak anti-correlation between cyclotron-line centroid and X-ray luminosity in the supercritical accretion regime may be explained by the combination of the variation of the magnetic-field strength along the accretion column, the effect of Doppler boosting, and the gravitational redshift. As a result of these effects, the actual magnetic field on the surface of the neutron star may be a factor of ∼2 larger than the naively inferred value from the observed CRSF.

Development of Precision Controllable Magnetic Field-Assisted Platform for Micro Electrical Machining.

In order to introduce the magnetic field into micro electrical machining technology to explore the influence of magnetic field on micro electrical machining, the development of a precision controllable magnetic field-assisted platform is particularly important. This platform needs to precisely control the spatial magnetic field. This study first completes the hardware design and construction of the magnetic field generation device, using electromagnetic coils with soft iron cores as the sources of the magnetic field. Mathematical models of the magnetic field are established and calibrated. Since the magnetic dipole model cannot effectively describe the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil, this study adopts a more precise description method: the spherical harmonic function expansion model and the magnetic multipole superposition model. The calibration of the magnetic field model is based on actual excitation magnetic field data, so a magnetic field sampling device is designed to obtain the excitation magnetic field of the workspace. The model is calibrated based on a combination of the theoretical model and magnetic field data, and the performance of the constructed setup is analyzed. Finally, a magnetic field-assisted platform has been developed which can generate magnetic fields in any direction within the workspace with intensities ranging from 0 to 0.2 T. Its magnetic field model arrives at an error percentage of 2.986%, a variance of 0.9977, and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.71 mT, achieving precise control of the magnetic field in the workspace.

Method for Predicting Linear Eddy Current Braking Performance of the High-Speed Maglev Train Based on Magnetic Circuit Structure

On high-speed magnetic levitation (maglev) trains, the linear eddy current brake (LECB) is a key piece of equipment to ensure the safety of train operation. In the event of a sudden failure of the traction motor or the external power grid, braking by the LECB, which comes with the maglev train, is currently the only emergency braking method that can ensure the train can be safely stopped while operating at high speed. The braking performance of eddy current brakes is usually predicted based on symmetrical magnetic equivalent circuits, which usually ignore the interactions between the magnetic circuits. For LECB, such interactions should not be neglected. In this paper, to investigate an accurate and efficient method for predicting the braking performance of LECB for high-speed maglev trains, based on the structural characteristics of LECB and Kirchhoff’s law, a full structural magnetic equivalent circuit model considering the interactions between magnetic circuits is developed, and then combined with the subdomain method, a braking force model, to predict the braking performance of LECB. The performance prediction of LECB with different numbers of magnetic poles is compared with the traditional method using the results of the finite element method and the experimental method as references. The results show that the proposed method is more accurate in predicting the braking performance of LECB and better reflects the physical characteristics of the actual magnetic field.

Magnetic field control device for transplantation of corneal endothelial tissue with magnetic filaments.

The corneal endothelial transplantation involves the transfer and attachment of a single-layered corneal endothelial tissue to the narrow space between the cornea and iris. Given the high risk of damage to the endothelial tissue and surrounding corneal tissues when using sharp instruments inserted externally to apply force during the process, the development of a device capable of transferring corneal endothelial tissue using a magnetic field became necessary. This study aims to develop a magnetic control device for transferring corneal endothelial tissue with attached magnetic particles to the transplant site, validate its appropriate transfer capabilities, and assess its applicability to corneal endothelial transplantation. For this purpose, a magnetic field-generating manipulation device equipped with four electromagnets controlled by a joystick and microcomputer was developed. Through simulated experiments, the strength of the magnetic field and the attraction force on the tissue were predicted, and the actual magnetic field strength was measured for validation. To measure the magnetic transfer force, experiments were conducted by towing corneal endothelial tissue fixed with 6mg, 12mg, and 18mg plastic weights. Subsequently, the tissue's transfer speed was measured after applying continuous and pulsed magnetic fields. The results confirmed the feasibility of tissue transfer using the magnetic control device, and it was observed that pulsed magnetic fields led to faster transfer speeds and easier control compared to continuous magnetic fields. Exploratory animal experiments using rabbits were conducted to simulate real surgical conditions, confirming the feasibility of corneal endothelial tissue transfer and attachment.

Three-dimensional modeling of multi-component vacuum arc considering anode vapor in actual magnetic field

For vacuum circuit breakers, the anode will change to active mode when the current is high enough. The vapor produced by the anode will become another important source of plasma. In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamic model considering anode vapor and multiple components is developed to study the vacuum circuit breakers with cup-shaped CuCr contact. The characteristics of arc under the actual magnetic field with different anode temperature distribution and different cathode utilization are simulated. Moreover, the ionization and recombination processes between different kinds of components are considered. The simulation results show that the arc current concentrates toward the center. The current value is high between electrodes slots under the actual magnetic field, which significantly affects the arc characteristics. At the same time, higher anode temperatures will produce more neutral atom vapor area (NAVA). Current is concentrated outside NAVA due to the low conductivity of NAVA. As NAVA expands, the constriction of current on the outside is more severe. The simulation results in this paper are consistent with the experimental results.

Solar Wind Current Sheets: MVA Inaccuracy and Recommended Single‐Spacecraft Methodology

AbstractWe present the analysis of 1,831 current sheets (CS) observed aboard four Cluster spacecraft in a pristine solar wind. Four‐spacecraft estimates of the CS normal and propagation velocity are compared with different single‐spacecraft estimates. The Minimum Variance Analysis (MVA) of the magnetic field is shown to be highly inaccurate in estimating the normal. The MVA normal often differs by more than 60° from the normal obtained by multi‐spacecraft timing method, likely due to ambient turbulent fluctuations. In contrast, the cross‐product of magnetic fields at the CS boundaries delivers the normal with an uncertainty of less than 15° at the confidence level of 90%. The CSs are essentially frozen into plasma flow, since their propagation velocity is consistent with local ion flow velocity within 20% at the confidence level of 90%. The single‐spacecraft methodology based on the cross‐product method and frozen‐in assumption delivers the CS thickness and current density amplitude within 20% of their actual values at the confidence level of 90%. The CSs are kinetic‐scale structures with half‐thickness λ from a few tenths to tens of local proton inertial length λp and scale‐dependent shear angle and current density amplitude, and . The classification of the CSs in terms of tangential and rotational discontinuities remains a challenge, because even the four‐spacecraft normal has too large uncertainties to reveal the actual normal magnetic field component. The presented results will be valuable for the analysis of solar wind CSs, when only single‐spacecraft measurements are available.

Optimization of structural parameters and numerical simulation of stress field of composite crucible based on the indirect coupling method

Abstract The research starts with the treatment of the multiscale transmission problem and establishes the electromagnetic solidification transmission coupling mathematical model based on the indirect coupling method. It uses the three-dimensional magnetic field finite element theory to establish a three-dimensional crucible structure continuous casting model built on the electromagnetic solidification transmission coupling mathematical model. This model is used to optimize the parameters of the composite crucible structure and to simulate electromagnetic transmission and braking phenomena. The results show that the L-shaped static magnetic field has a more potent inhibition and a guidance effect on melt circulation. The braking effect of the actual magnetic field on the downward impact is worse. Under the influence of an L-shaped magnetic field, the flow velocity of the melt is better, and the flow state distribution is more smooth and uniform. The computational efficiency test results show that the conversion calculation time of the method designed in this study is 18.03 min. The total calculation time is 680.48 min, which is superior to traditional methods. It proves that this model can accurately analyze the magnetic field coupling problem and at the same time ensure the superiority of its computing efficiency.

Hybrid analytical model for air‐gap magnetic field prediction of surface‐mounted permanent magnet motors with a quasi‐regular polygon rotor

AbstractIn this article, a hybrid analytical model for a quasi‐regular polygon rotor (QPR) is proposed. It mainly uses the subdomain method and conformal mapping to solve a non‐circular boundary in the QPR. Firstly, the subdomain method combined with an equivalent surface current method is used to calculate the air‐gap magnetic field considering a slotted stator with a circular rotor. Secondly, by segmenting the non‐circular boundary in the QPR, the complex relative air‐gap permeance of the QPR can be calculated using the conformal mapping. Thirdly, this complex relative air‐gap permeance modifies the air‐gap magnetic field calculated in the first step to obtain the actual magnetic field distributions. Consequently, no‐load and loaded air‐gap flux densities, back‐electromotive force and torque can be obtained. A 12‐pole/3‐phase permanent magnet motor is modelled using the proposed hybrid analytical model, which is validated by finite‐element analysis and experiment. This proposed hybrid analytical model presents a new way of processing the QPR. Its calculation speed is nearly 50 times faster than the finite‐element analysis, which is of great help to the initial design and optimisation of machines with QPRs.

Extended investigation of an abrupt crystal diameter change during Czochralski silicon growth with transverse magnetic field

An investigation about the phenomenon of an abrupt diameter deviation during Czochralski crystal growth, a characteristic when using a transverse magnet, has been carried out both experimentally and computationally. 300-mm silicon crystals have been pulled under certain conditions and the diameter deviations have been recorded in these processes. Three-dimensional calculations of the melt flow have been performed using CGSim Flow Module 3D, accounting for distribution of the actual non-uniform magnetic field, to accurately simulate the heat transfer and melt flow for selected growth stages along the entire process. The sudden change of melt temperature near the triple point that leads to the diameter deviation, is attributed to the evolution of melt flow pattern, which can be altered by positioning the magnet at a different height. The discovery of such melt flow behavior proposes an effective solution to eventually eliminate the abrupt diameter deviation during body growth. The visualization of the melt flow transformation by 3-D simulation offers another adjustability to the process of modern industrial crystal growth with transverse magnet. The mechanism of how the magnet position impacts the melt flow is also discussed.

Multiphysical and multidimensional modelling of Parallel-Plate active magnetic regenerator

Active Magnetic Refrigeration (AMR) is a complex multiphysical process that requires optimisation. A revised description of the analytical formulations is proposed, starting from the essentials of the magnetocaloric effect. Each physical aspect has been extensively investigated, including the actual magnetic field inside the ferromagnetic domain. An AMR test bench was modelled using a 3D magnetostatic finite-element model, thermofluidic finite-volume models (2D and 3D), and a 1.5D semi-analytical model. Different boundary conditions were simulated to understand the operation of the AMR system. Based on the temperature histories, an agreement was found between the models and the experimental results. In addition to its flexibility and simplicity, the 1.5D model had the lowest computation time of approximately 1.2 s cycle-1. This makes it an excellent tool for the optimal design of an active magnetocaloric device.

Analysis of NMR Signal for Static Magnetic Field Standard

Abstract This article describes the analysis of the NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) stabilizer signal. Magnetic field of the standard is created using an electromagnet. Sufficiently high stability of the magnetic field is achieved with the help of a stabilizer with an NMR probe. The NMR phenomenon makes possible very accurate measurements of the static magnetic field, but the resulting stability depends also on supporting electronics. An analysis has been done and tolerances of the measured quantities have been estimated. The calculated tolerances indicate the needed features of the material. First the probe excites the FID (Free Induction Decay) signal in the water sample and acquires the signal answer. It is Fourier transformed and its spectrum is investigated. The actual magnetic field corresponds to the strongest frequency sample. It is utilized for the magnetic field strength correction and stabilization of it. The article brings many equations for such calculation.

Evaluation of the nonlinear surface resistance of REBCO coated conductors for their use in the FCC-hh beam screen

To assess the feasibility of using high-temperature superconductors for the beam screens of future circular colliders, we have undertaken a study of the power dependence of the microwave surface resistance in state-of-the-art REBCO coated conductors at about 8 GHz and 50 K. We have employed a dielectric resonator to produce radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic fields on the surface of the coated conductors having amplitudes similar to those generated by proton bunches circulating in the vacuum chamber of the proposed future circular collider Hadron-Hadron (FCC-hh) at CERN We show that surface resistances in REBCO coated conductors without artificial pinning centers are more affected by a RF magnetic field than those containing nano-inclusions. Despite that, at 8 GHz, 50 K, and 9 T, most REBCO coated conductors studied outperform copper in terms of surface resistance, with the best sample having a 2.3 mΩ surface resistance while being subject to an RF field 2.5 times stronger than that in the FCC-hh. We also extrapolate the measured data to 16 T and 1 GHz, the actual FCC-hh dipole magnetic field, and the mid-beam frequency spectrum, demonstrating the possibility of lowering the surface resistance of the vacuum chamber by up to two orders of magnitude compared to copper. Further, we discuss the correlation between the time structure of the electromagnetic fields provided by vector network analyzers compared to the proton bunches’ time structure in the collider and present the effect of low alternating magnetic fields on vortex displacement and the possibility of demagnetization of superconducting samples.

High-precision magnetic field locking system for cold atoms

In ultracold atomic experiments, evaporative cooling is usually achieved by using Feshbach resonance magnetic fields on the order of Gauss to hundreds of Gausses. The frequency of resonant transition induced by the optical field or radiofrequency is directly affected by the stability of the quantum axis. For example, the phase between two linearly independent vectors of a qubit is affected by the magnetic field noise. Based on the Feshbach resonance technique, magnetic field regulation has become a basic tool to control the interaction between atoms. Narrow Feshbach resonance shows unique advantages in high-temperature superconducting, superfluidity, neutron star state simulation, etc. However, since its resonance width and Fermi energy can be compared with each other, the scattering characteristics are greatly disturbed by the magnetic field. Therefore, a stable and uniform magnetic field is a prerequisite for studying the narrow Feshbach resonances. In experiment, Helmholtz coils are usually used to provide the magnetic field for cold atomic gas, and the magnetic field noise is generally determined by the coil current noise and other magnetic field noises of the environment. However, there are relatively few researches of the high-precision control of large magnetic fields above hundreds of Gausses. With a larger coil current required, the coil current noise contributes more to the magnetic field noise, thus high-precision control of large magnetic fields is still challenging. In this paper, a magnetic field locking system is used to realize a <inline-formula><tex-math id="Z-20220704103959">\begin{document}$2.27 \times 10^{-6} $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="14-20220399_Z-20220704103959.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="14-20220399_Z-20220704103959.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> level locking of the Feshbach magnetic field. A feedback locking system is used to achieve the stability by shunting the magnetic field coil current noise. Compared with the non-locked magnetic field, the low-frequency current noise is suppressed by more than 45 dB. To assess the stability of the actual magnetic field at the atoms, the Rabi oscillation is measured, the coherence time increases nearly 9.6 times, which effectively improves the stability of the ultracold atomic system. Furthermore, we measure the atom number fluctuation at the Gaussian inflection point of the loss spectrum under different Raman pulse widths to evaluate the noise of the magnetic field. Roman pulse duration up to a 24 μs is used to increase the sensitivity of atom number fluctuation in loss spectrum relative to magnetic field noise, of which the root mean square (RMS) noise is suppressed from 20.66 mGs to 1.2 mGs, a 16-fold reduction of the noise is obtained. Such a magnetic field locking system can provide an accurate and stable background magnetic field for ultracold atomic gases, which is of great significance for extending quantum storage time, precisely controlling atomic scattering, and simulating of condensed matter and other ultracold quantum gas in experiment.

Characterization of the magnetic field through the three-body loss near a narrow Feshbach resonance

The narrow $s$-wave Feshbach resonance of a $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ Fermi gas shows strong three-body loss, which is proposed to be used to measure the minute change of a magnetic field around the resonance. However, the eddy effect will cause ultracold atom experiencing a magnetic field delay to the desired magnetic field from the current of the magnetic coils. The elimination of the eddy effect will play a key role in any experiments that are motivated to measure the magnetic field to the precision of a parts per million stability. Here, we apply a method to correct the eddy effect for precision measurement of the magnetic field. We first record the three-body loss influenced by the induced eddy effect, then we use a first-order decay model to obtain the time constant of the actual magnetic field by fitting the atom loss. This precisely determines the actual magnetic field according to the time response of the three-body loss. After that, we implement the desired magnetic field to the atoms so that we can analyze the three-body loss across the narrow Feshbach resonance. The measured magnetic-field-dependent rate of three-body loss at an ultralow temperature shows that the three-body recombination is the dominated loss mechanism near the resonance. We expect this practical method of correcting the eddy effect error of the magnetic field can be further applied to future studies of quantum few- and many-body physics near a narrow Feshbach resonance.

High fidelity triangular sweep of the magnetic field for millisecond scan EPR imaging

Linearity of the magnetic field sweep is important for high resolution continuous wave EPR imaging. Driving the field with triangular wave function is the most efficient way to scan EPR projections. However, the magnetic field sweep profile can be significantly distorted during fast millisecond projection scan. In this work, we introduce a method to generate highly linear and properly symmetrical triangular sweeps of the magnetic field using calibrated harmonics of the triangular wave function. First, the frequency response function of the EPR magnet and its power circuitry was obtained. For this, the field sweeping coil was driven with sinusoidal signals of different frequencies and the actual magnetic field inside the magnet was recorded. To cover wide range of frequencies, the measurements were carried out independently using gaussmeter, Hall-effect linear sensor integrated circuit, and an inductance coil. For each frequency, the system gain and the phase delay were determined. These data were used to adjust the amplitudes and the phases of individual harmonics of the triangular wave function. After the calibration, the maximum deviation of the magnetic field from the linear function was 0.05% of sweep width for 4 ms scan. The maximum discrepancy between the forward and the reverse scan was less than 0.04%. Sweep overhead time for changing the scan direction was 5%. The proposed approach allows generation of high fidelity triangular magnetic field sweeps with accuracy better than 0.1% for the range of the magnetic field sweep widths up to 48 G and scan duration from 10 s down to 1 ms.

Modeling Interplanetary Expansion and Deformation of Coronal Mass Ejections With ANTEATR‐PARADE: Sensitivity to Input Parameters

AbstractSpace weather predictions related to coronal mass ejections (CMEs) requires understanding how a CME is initiated and how its properties change as it propagates. Most predictions have been limited to the arrival time of a CME and include little to no information about the CME's internal properties. ANother Type of Ensemble Arrival Time Results‐Physics‐driven Approach to Realistic Axis Deformation and Expansion (ANTEATR‐PARADE) represents the most thorough description of the interplanetary evolution of CMEs in a highly computationally‐efficient model (Kay & Nieves‐Chinchilla, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JA028911). presents the derivation of this model, where we have added an elliptical cross section to the original arrival time model ANTEATR and introduced internal magnetic and thermal forces that, combined with the drag, can alter the shape of the central axis and cross section. ANTEATR‐PARADE results include the transit time of CMEs, as well as the shape and size, propagation and expansion velocities, density, and magnetic field properties upon impact. We determine the dependence of each output on each of the ANTEATR‐PARADE input parameters. For a fast CME, we see that the parameterization of our thermal and magnetic models tends to be more important than the actual initial temperature or magnetic field strength. We extend to other CMEs and find that the sensitivities change with CME scale with thermal forces being more important for a weaker CME and magnetic forces being more important for a stronger CME. The most critical parameters for space weather predictions are the CME mass, the initial magnetic field strength, the adiabatic index, and the profile of the axial magnetic field strength.

Harmonic Analysis of Magnetic Field Measurement of Maglev Plane Motor

With the rapid development of production scale and technology level in the field of precision engineering technology, plane motor is a new type of motor which can directly output plane motion and has the characteristics of simple structure, high precision and fast response speed. In this paper, the magnetic levitation plane motor (MLPM) as the research object, it is a hot research and development in recent years, MLPM has a good application prospect in driving advanced manufacturing equipment used under high vacuum conditions. In this paper, the harmonic characteristics of magnetic levitation plane motor are analyzed by establishing the analytical model of each odd harmonic. The actual magnetic field of the permanent magnet array is measured on the measuring platform of Tesla meter, and the measurement results are analyzed. And then the analytical data are compared with the actual field data. Further calculation shows that the maximum relative error between the simulated and measured results decreases gradually with the increase of the odd harmonic order of the magnetic field.

Design of Highly Uniform Three Dimensional Spherical Magnetic Field Coils for Atomic Sensors

In this paper, three dimensional spherical magnetic field coils are proposed and optimized for atomic sensors that require highly uniform magnetic field coils within a limited volume. The design objective of the uniform coil is transformed into a nonlinear optimization model with constraints, which is solved by combining with the particle swarm optimization algorithm. Compared with the traditional cylindrical tri-axial magnetic field coil system whose volume is limited by the aspect ratio of the coil structure, the three dimensional spherical coils not only effectively reduce the volume but also provide consistent magnetic field performance in the three coordinate axis directions. It is of great significance to the miniaturization of atomic sensors. The theoretical calculation shows that the uniformity of spherical coil is improved by about 2 to 3 orders of magnitude compared with the Lee-Whiting coil and the saddle coil. The measurements show that the magnetic field uniformity of our design reached $1.5\times 10^{-4}$ along the ${z}$ -axis within a range of $\pm 0.25{R}$ . The actual magnetic field distribution is basically consistent with the theory. However, due to the limited processing and experimental conditions, the actual magnetic field uniformity is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude lower than the theory.

OH maser towards IRAS 06056+2131: polarization parameters and evolution status

ABSTRACT We present high-angular resolution observations of OH maser emission towards the high-mass star-forming region IRAS 06056+2131. The observations were carried out using the UK radio interferometer array, Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network (MERLIN) in the OH main lines at 1665 and 1667 MHz, in addition to the OH satellite line at 1720 MHz. The results of this study reveal the small upper limit to the size of emission in the 1665-MHz line with an estimated total intensity of ∼4 Jy. We did not detect any emission from the 1667 and 1720-MHz lines. The full polarization mode of MERLIN enables us to investigate the magnetic field in the OH maser region. In this transition, a Zeeman pair is identified from which a magnetic strength of ∼−1.5 mG is inferred. Our results show that IRAS 06056+2131 is highly polarized, with ∼ 96 ${{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ circular polarization and ∼6 ${{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ linear polarization. The linear polarization angle is ∼29°, implying a magnetic field which could be aligned with the outflow direction detected towards this region, but the actual magnetic field direction has an uncertainty of up to 110° due to the possible effects of Faraday rotation. The star-forming evolutionary status of the embedded protostellar object is discussed.

Modeling and simulation of the influence of contact structure on the characteristics of high current vacuum arc plasma

With the advantages of environmental protection, small size, and light weight, the vacuum circuit breaker has been widely used in power systems. At present, it is developing toward the direction of high voltage and high current. In this paper, the magnetic field simulation model of a cup-shaped axial magnetic contact system is established, and the actual magnetic field data in the arc area are obtained as the boundary conditions, and then a three-dimensional steady-state magnetohydrodynamic model of the vacuum arc is established. The plasma parameter distribution characteristics in the vacuum arc area are studied by changing the number of slots in the contact plate, the angle of the contact cup chute, the length of the slot in the contact plate, and the central process hole. On this basis, a new type of embedded axial magnetic contact system including an embedded magnetic ring and a reverse contact cup is proposed, and the influence of changing the angle and number of inclined slots of the embedded contact cup on the arc distribution characteristics at the peak current and current zero is further studied. The simulation results show that the new structure contact is helpful to the breaking capacity of the vacuum switch and has a guiding significance for the design of the vacuum circuit breaker. By comparison, our simulation results have the same trend with the experimental results of other researchers.