Activities Of Religious Organizations Research Articles

The limits of permissible state intervention in the activities of religious organizations: the practice of the European Court of Human Rights

The limits of permissible state intervention in the activities of religious organizations: the practice of the European Court of Human Rights

The concept of «freedom of religion» in contemporary legal and socio-political discourses

The article examines the problem of the need for a new interpretation of the concept of «freedom of religion» in modern legal and socio-political discourses. It is noted that every state, in the process of its development, in one way or another necessarily embodies universal, existential values in its legislation, enshrined not only in ancient sources that regulate relations between people, citizens and the state, but also in international acts. It was emphasized that after the restoration of Ukraine’s independence, laws on freedom of religion as a subjective legal right and religious organizations as a tool and system for meeting religious needs took an important place. It is noted that at the constitutional level, the right of every citizen to freedom of choice of worldview and religion is enshrined, which is more widely disclosed in the special law on freedom of conscience and religious organizations. A list of the main international treaties ratified by Ukraine, which deal with freedom of worldview and religion, as well as current laws of Ukraine, is given. Conclusions were made that: 1) in Ukraine, in order to ensure human rights to freedom of religion, a modern legal framework has been created, which is based on basic principles, which include, among others: a) the principle of equality of citizens regardless of their attitude to religion; b) the principle according to which no religion can be recognized by the state as obligatory; c) the principle of equality of all religions, denominations and religious organizations before the law; d) the principle of separation of the church and religious communities from the state; 2) the current legislation on freedom of religion and religious organizations needs clarification and improvement (in particular, in terms of strengthening state control over the activities of religious organizations). The possibility of using such definitions as «traditional religion» (religion), «non-traditional religion», «known religion», «unknown religion» etc. is indicated in the legislation of foreign countries. It was emphasized that Ukraine generally adheres to generally accepted international and European legislation in the field of ensuring freedom of conscience, religion and activities of religious organizations. In this sense, national legislation corresponds to European norms and is integrated into the global legal space. Key words: religion, freedom of religion, principles, freedom of conscience, principles of equality, worldview, religious organizations, church, traditional religion, non-traditional religion, state religion, totalitarian cults, extremism.

Efforts to Improve the Capacity of Midwife in the Village to Conduct the Community Empowerment Process Towards an Active Alert in Pidie Jaya

Community empowerment is very important to do with the aim that people become independent, in the sense that they have the potential to be able to solve the problems they face, and are able to meet their needs by not depending their lives on outside assistance, both government and non-government organizations. Midwives in the Village with individual characteristics are mostly aged less than 35 years, married status, Diploma-III education, with a working period of more than 6 years and most have become civil servants. The knowledge of village midwives about the development of Desa Siaga is 91.5% good, but the attitudes of village midwives towards the community empowerment process in developing Desa Siaga are more unsupportive, namely 57.3% and those who support 42.7%. Meanwhile, midwives in villages who have high work motivation as facilitators for Desa Siaga development are 58.5% and those who have low motivation are 41.5%. The level of activeness of the Village Midwife in social organizations, such as TP activities. PKK in the village, TP. PKK. Only 57.3% of midwives in the village can carry out the community empowerment process well, while 42.7% are still considered unfavorable. Of the 6 (six) stages of the empowerment process, only 70.7% help determine priorities. in sub-districts, and activities of religious organizations, is still very low at 3.7%.

Fundraising as a Resource-Raising Tool for Religious Organizations

Abstract. Introduction. The church is an important component of social life, trusted by many Ukrainians. Ukraine is a democratic country and promotes the development of religion and religious organizations, protects their interests if their activities are carried out within the limits of the law and do not violate public order. The state does not interfere in the activities of religious organizations and does not finance their activities. The stable financial position of religious organizations is a guarantee of their successful activity. Insufficient funding or lack of other necessary resources pushes religious organizations to look for new modern and effective financial support tools. Fundraising is such a tool, which helps to attract funding from various sources and implement important projects and initiatives. Purpose. The purpose of the article is a comprehensive analysis of fundraising as an effective tool for attracting additional resources for financing social and charitable projects of religious organizations. Results. Based on the results of the research, the main types of fundraising have been classified, the main principles on which the fundraising process is based have been analyzed, and the successive stages of its implementation have been considered. The key elements of fundraising that affect the success of project implementation have also been proposed. The foreign experience of attracting resources by religious organizations using the practice of fundraising for the implementation of targeted projects and financing of activity costs has been studied. The main advantages and further prospects of the spread of fundraising as an effective factor for the successful development of domestic religious organizations have been argued. The research methods used in the work are: analytical, structural and detailing methods. Conclusions. Fundraising is a modern and effective tool for attracting resources for financing or implementing social projects of non-profit religious organizations. Today, Ukraine is taking gradual, successful steps in the direction of popularizing fundraising.

Роль релігійних організацій у сучасних суспільно-правових відносинах

The article is devoted to the analysis of the role of religious organizations in modern society in the context of information and globalization changes of modern times and their impact on social and legal reality. It is proved that the role of religious organizations is transformed in the era of globalized society and information and technological progress. Scientific doctrine does not contain the unity of such variations. The first group of scientists points out that the role of religious norms in modern legal regulation increasingly gives preference to the newest approaches and law plays a dominant role here. The second group has the opposite opinion - religion as a primordial human axiological value has answers to all life situations, including the latest global-technical transformations. It has been established that updated approaches are needed for legal science as well, since it cannot bypass the problems of globalization changes that exist in legal and state phenomena. It is characteristic that now world development does not have a clear vector, science must establish the optimal possible direction and warn against negative factors caused by globalization. The role of state administration and public activism in the context of religious freedom have a special intertwining and are manifested in the activities of religious organizations. The following changes in the essence of the role of religious organizations in modern legal reality are motivated: taking into account the diversity of religious views of social groups; reducing the role of religious ideology and religious leadership opinions as a factor in forming the political position of a member of a religious organization; the spread of religious extremism, which is mostly caused by migration factors. At the same time, it is necessary to continue to identify, evaluate and forecast risks, external and internal influences in order to protect this harmonious relationship through progressive legal provisions.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ СВОБОДИ РЕЛІГІЇ В УМОВАХ СУЧАСНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ

The issues and problematic points of freedom of conscience, religion and belief, enshrined in the constitutions and primary normative documents of many countries of the world, were considered. It is pointed out that law and religion act as important social regulators in the life of society, influencing the consciousness of subjects through the general rules and norms of behavior established in a certain way, encouraging them to perform lawful actions. Law and religion in their interaction are endowed with a significant potential to influence human activity in the process of realization by subjects of their rights and duties. The controversial points and shortcomings of the world organizations, in particular the UN, in the religious sphere are highlighted, and the ways of solving crisis situations related to religious issues are outlined. The modern limitations of the right to freedom of ideology and religion in war conditions are considered. The problem of ensuring freedom of religion and belief in the conditions of war acquires special relevance and reaches a new level since the religious factor has always been used as a powerful weapon aimed at disuniting the spiritual and value bases of Ukrainian society. Repression, discrimination and restrictions in religious freedom directly affect the development, activities of religious organizations and the everyday life of their followers, which constitutes a threat to a democratic society. Observance and protection of human rights in the sphere of freedom of religion and belief is an important issue of domestic policy of every state and the subject of special attention of the entire international community. Freedom of conscience and religion is the foundation of a democratic society, an important prerequisite for legal democracy and the existence of other rights and freedoms of a person as an individual. Special attention should be paid to religious freedom during the crisis exacerbations, the article contains some suggestions for improving the state of religious freedom in Ukraine.

State Financial Control over Costs of Religious Organisations in Ukraine

The article is devoted to the study of issues of state financial control over the activities of religious organizations in Ukraine through the disclosure of the goals to which such control is directed and the state's intervention in the activities of religious organisations. The analysis was carried out in several directions, which are tools of state influence. First of all, it is a legally defined obligation to keep accounting records by a religious organisation and the requirement to submit financial statements as one of the components of state financial control. Secondly, it is a control over the targeted use of funds that religious organisations can and do receive during the implementation of budget programs. Thirdly, it is the state financial control over the activities of economic entities, which are formed by religious organisations (publishing, printing, production, restoration and construction, agricultural and other enterprises). In each of the cases, the subject of the control activity, control activity procedures and goals that must be achieved as a result of the control procedures carried out by the state bodies differ.

ДОЦІЛЬНІСТЬ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ПРОЄКТНОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ В ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ РЕЛІГІЙНИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙ: СУТНІСТЬ І СПЕЦИФІКА

The article considers the essence of project management as a specific branch of government and the feasibility of its application in the activities of religious organizations. The purpose of the article is to generalize the essence of project management as a specific field of management and to determine the expediency of its application in the activities of religious organizations. The characteristic features of the project activity and the main differences from the current activity of the enterprise are determined. It is identified the specific features of the management of religious organizations due to the peculiarities of their activities, the main problems of management of religious organizations due to insufficient level of modern financial knowledge, skills and abilities of religious leaders and the integration of volunteer work with paid staff. It was found that the performance of the functions of religious organizations requires the search for effective solutions for the management of certain activities and requires a certain number of professionals with relevant experience. It is determined that the use of tools and approach of project management in the management of religious organizations is one of the main ways to ensure the effectiveness of their activities. It is concluded that the application of project management will solve these problems and increase the efficiency of management of religious organizations, improve the system of internal control and ensure the implementation of relevant organizational functions. In turn, this will enable religious organizations to perform their important social functions with maximum efficiency: charitable, humanitarian, educational.

Security mechanisms in the sphere of freedom of conscience and activities of religious organizations in Ukraine

Security mechanisms in the sphere of freedom of conscience and activities of religious organizations in Ukraine

DEGREE OF SCIENTIFIC SUBSTANTIATION AND ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL SUPPORT OF CONSTITUTIONAL FUNDAMENTALS OF STATE AND CHURCH RELATIONS

The article analyzes the development of scientific thought on the administrative and legal support of relations between the state and the church, as well as reveals the current state of national administrative legislation in the field of religion. It has been established that in the doctrine of administrative law studies of administrative and legal support of relations between the state and the church are of a fragmentary nature. This has a negative impact on the administrative and legal regulation of public relations in the sphere of religion, on the effectiveness of public government bodies implementing state policy in the sphere of religion, and on the state of protection of believers in Ukraine. It is concluded that the state of scientific substantiation of administrative and legal support of the constitutional principles of relations between the state and the church remains unsatisfactory in Ukraine. It is substantiated that in modern conditions of society development, the church, despite all the restrictions enshrined in the constitutional principles of relations between the state and the church, is an active participant in administrative relations. However, the imperfection of the existing mechanisms for the implementation of the right to freedom of religion and the constitutional principles of state-church relations, as well as gaps in the current administrative legislation sometimes lead to the fact that in practice these constitutional provisions are either not implemented in practice or implemented in full or in part, which, in its turn leads to tensions in society over freedom of religion and the activities of religious organizations.

Legal principles of institutionalization of functional activity of religious organizations

Legal principles of institutionalization of functional activity of religious organizations

State-confessional relations in Russia: trends and prospects

The article deals with current problems of the development of stateconfessional relations in modern Russia, as well as analyzes individual historical stages that directly determined the main directions in the interaction between the institutions of the Church and the state. The author highlights the key areas of relations between the Church and the state in modern conditions, and notes the difficulties in spreading the religious worldview. The article identifies the challenges and threats that arise in the conditions of functioning of stateconfessional relations, as well as considers the positive and negative aspects of the impact of religious organizations on various spheres of society. Based on empirical data, it is shown how adherents of various religious doctrines perceive the activities of religious organizations in the framework of cooperation with the state. The influence of religious values and attitudes on the functioning of moral norms in society is analyzed. New prospects and ways of development in the interaction of various public institutions and religious organizations in the modern socio-political space are outlined. As a result, we identified common tasks directed towards transforming the social life of society, which are being solved jointly at the state-Church level in our country.

Отношение городского населения к религиозным институтам (на примере Дагестана).

The growth of importance of religious component in modern Russian society caused growth of interest to the problem of religiosity and its different types taking place in different social groups as well as defining place of religion as marker of self-identification of individual. The problem of religious tolerance among followers of dif-ferent religion is also actualized. In this context we must define degree of loyalty to reli-gious organizations for example to Religious Organization of Muslims of Daghestan (ROMD). According to the results of the research it is found out that mass consciousness of citizens is characterized with low level demonstration of loyalty to both representatives of their religious society and most important institute of Islamic clergy – Religious Organization of Muslims of Daghestan. The monitoring research of degree of loyalty to cult organizations constants that there is significant decline of part of respondents demonstrating positive attitude and estimation of activity of religious organizations and clergy and there are objective and subjective reasons for above mentioned conclusion. Moreover it is found out that there is lack of balance between interests of believers to realize their religious obligations and active religious behavior at the same time. Lack of loyalty to religious institutes is caused by the fact that they disagree with orientation of clergy to participate in different social activities and it causes protest of the society.

Законодавче регулювання міжконфесійних відносин на Правобережній Україні наприкінці XVIII – на початку ХХ ст.

Правобережна Україна у складі Російської імперії була окремим регіоном, де була представлена низка релігійних конфесій та організацій й існувала своя правова традиція. Правове становище окремих конфесій стало предметом дослідження українських та зарубіжних науковців, однак правове регулювання відносин між ними ще недостатньо вивчене. Дослідження історичного досвіду політики законодавчого регулювання міжконфесійних відносин у регіоні є важливим для забезпечення ефективного правового регулювання цих відносин сьогодні.
 Мета статті – охарактеризувати законодавче регулювання міжконфесійних відносин на Правобережній Україні наприкінці XVIII – на початку ХХ ст.
 Наукова новизна полягає в узагальненні законодавчого регулювання міжконфесійних відносин на основі останніх досліджень у цілому, а не тільки між окремими конфесіями.
 Висновки. Законодавче регулювання міжконфесійних відносин російською імперською владою кінця XVIII – початку ХХ ст. у цілому по відношенню до неправославних церков та релігійних організацій мало обмежувальний характер. При цьому законодавчі акти, які регулювали ці відносини, у багатьох випадках були непослідовними і взаємосуперечливими, що було наслідком загальної невпорядкованості законодавства імперії. Проте, починаючи з 1830-х рр., ситуація зазнала змін. Серйозною проблемою для влади упродовж всього досліджуваного періоду була практична реалізація ухваленого законодавства на місцях. Особливо ця проблема була характерна для такої сфери, як переходи з однієї конфесії в іншу. Процес вдосконалення законодавства у сфері міжконфесійних відносин відбувався повільно, і навіть на початку ХХ ст. законодавство працювало переважно на користь Російської православної церкви, хоча права інших релігійних організацій були розширені. Однією з найхарактерніших особливостей юридичних актів була їх станова спрямованість. Для подальших досліджень перспективними напрямками можуть бути: порівняльний аналіз законодавства щодо діяльності релігійних організацій у регіоні, більш детальне вивчення ефективності законодавчого регулювання релігійних процесів у регіоні, а також дослідження досвіду правового регулювання діяльності малих релігійних організацій регіону, зокрема татар-мусульман.

Жанри офіційно-ділової комунікації в релігійному дискурсі

The development of an independent conciliar Ukrainian state and the related processes of restoring historical memory, awakening of national consciousness raised the issue of the functioning of the Ukrainian language in the church, drew public attention to the development of the religious style of the Ukrainian literary language. Like any other public structure, church communicates at the internal religious (confessional) level and at the external – national level. This leads to the formation and establishment of official-business language communication, operation of documents that have characteristic linguistic-structural (lexical, syntactic, textual) features, different from the usual office work. The documentation of the activities of religious organizations reflects the following main stages: – Establishment of religious organizations: statement, charter of the religious community, minutes of the general meeting on the adoption of the statute (regulations) and elections of governing (executive) bodies, a document confirming the organizational and canonical subordination of the religious community, etc. – Staffing: decree. – Participation in the Sacraments: Certificate of Holy Matrimony, Certificate of Baptism and Holy Chrismation, Certificate of Ordination. – Honouring with liturgical and church awards and distinctions. Priests are rewarded with liturgical awards according to the hierarchy of promotion. After that, together with the award, the clergy receive an official document – a Certificate. In addition, there are a number of church awards. Among them are diplomas, orders, medals, which are conferred to lay people who work for the good and prosperity of the Orthodox Church. – Formal business communication for different needs. According to the classification of S. Gongalo, the documents are divided into: – by name: orders, instructions,prescriptions, reports, statements, notes, letters, invitations, etc. – by place of drafting: internal and external. – by origin: official and official personal – by purpose: originals and copies – Confirmation of facts: Reference. Having identified the genres, structure and functioning of official business communication in religious discourse and analyzed them, we can conclude that these documents do not have a high level of standardization, clear structure and rules of design in accordance with legal requirements. They need a clear classification of documents of religious style, the development of requirements for their design, in general – the standardization and unification of official business texts of religious discourse.

RISKS OF RELIGIOUS RADICALIZATION IN KYRGYZSTAN

The paper deals with the religious situation in Kyrgyzstan in general as well as with issues that in certain conditions might serve as factors for development of a religious radicalization in Kyrgyzstan. The author describes certain measures taken by the Kyrgyz Government to bring into order activities of religious organizations and movements. The aim is to protect a secular model of the state development and freedom of religion in the country. Also, it analyzes ideological reasons that motivate people to participate in the Syrian confl ict as well as the entire picture of the number of followers of extremist and terrorist organizations, especially women. The conclusion contains some recommendations on decreasing the level of radicalization. These recommendations may be adapted through a clear and detailed optimization of the state policy in the sphere of religion.

Polityka wyznaniowa. Zakres zjawiska

<p>Celem artykułu jest zdefiniowanie polityki wyznaniowej oraz ustalenie zakresu występowania tego zjawiska. Towarzyszy temu prezentacja najważniejszych uwarunkowań (wewnętrznych i zewnętrznych), profilów polityki wyznaniowej (koncesja, reglamentacja i likwidacja) oraz prawidłowości w jej obszarze. Poza podmiotowością państwa – jako głównego twórcy i realizatora polityki wyznaniowej – w takiej roli można odnaleźć także: organizacje międzynarodowe, podmioty samorządowe, związki religijne oraz podmioty wewnątrzkonfesyjne (frakcje, grupy interesu). W artykule podjęto również próbę zarysowania najważniejszych zależności między polityką wyznaniową państwa, jego strukturą religijną oraz zróżnicowanym podłożem systemowym i ustrojowym. Rozważania umiejscowiono w kontekście refleksji naukowej na gruncie politologii religii.</p>

Religious groups and religious organizations in the Russian Federation: Legal aspects of activity

The article provides a legal analysis of the activities of religious groups and religious organizations. Activities of religious organizations are regulated by the Federal Law of 1997 which defines religious organizations as associations of citizens of the Russian Federation, other persons permanently and legally residing in the territory of the Russian Federation, formed for joint confession and dissemination of faith and registered as a legal entity recognized in the Russian Federation. Religious groups are voluntary associations of citizens carrying out activities without state legal registration and acquisition of a legal capacity as a legal entity. The authorʼs work is largely based on regional material.

Становлення та розвиток соціальної політики Православної церкви України в контексті державного управління

У статті наведені сучасні теоретичні засади соціальної політики Православної церкви України і практичної діяльності релігійних організацій у контексті процесів державотворення.
 Наукова новизна статті полягає у тому, що вперше комплексно розглянуто теоретичні засади соціальної політики церкви, визначені поняття та зміст соціальної політики християнства, розроблені нові наукові положення, які в сукупності дозволяють розв’язати важливу наукову проблему в галузі державного управління щодо соціальної політики церкви та науково-практичного обґрунтування соціального служіння християнства в Україні.
 Метою статті є вивчення реалій та перспектив розвитку соціальної політики українських православних церков у контексті процесів державотворення.
 Для досягнення мети було поставлено та вирішено такі завдання:
 – визначено соціальну політику українських православних церков у контексті державотворення;
 – описано ключові сучасні підходи до розуміння соціального вчення церкви, соціального служіння релігійних громад;
 – обґрунтовано ціннісні пріоритети діалогу держави та церкви, взаємовідносини влади і релігійних організацій;
 – розглянуто перспективи розвитку модернізації соціальної політики українських православних церков у контексті процесів державотворення.
 Висновки. Соціальна політика церкви набуває особливого значення як для інститутів громадянського суспільства, так і для Української держави. Виникнення соціальної політики церкви стало відповіддю на запити глобалізації, модернізації, секуляризації та багатогранні соціальні потреби людства. І це не випадково, бо нині розбудова високорозвиненої демократичної, правової і соціальної держави потребує значного вдосконалення та корегування соціальної політики церкви. Сьогодні соціальна політика церкви охоплює досить широке коло теологічних питань: від соціальної доктрини християнства, яка спрямована на вивчення соціальної проблематики буття людства до забезпечення цілісності розвитку сучасного соціуму. З точки зору соціального вчення церкви, метою суспільного розвитку людства є саме суспільство, зростання можливостей для реалізації духовної й соціальної місії кожної людини.

Надання томосу про автокефалію Православної церкви України і його вплив на гарантування свобод громадян і діяльність релігійних організацій у міжнародно-правовій перспективі

Надання томосу про автокефалію Православної церкви України і його вплив на гарантування свобод громадян і діяльність релігійних організацій у міжнародно-правовій перспективі