Cooperative Activities Research Articles

Predictive models for metal–metal bond dissociation free energies between aluminum(III) and a series of transition metal carbonyls

It was previously shown that the complex, LAl(Me)Fp [where L is a β-diketiminate and Fp = FeCp(CO)2] undergoes Al-Fe homolysis at ambient conditions, revealing a pair of metalloradical intermediates capable of cooperative small molecule activation. Towards expanding this platform to other Al–M derivatives, here we conducted an extensive computational screening of potential LAl(Me)M catalysts (where M is a series of common metal carbonyls) using DFT calculations combined with multivariate linear regression (MLR) analysis. Predictive models were established that anticipate the influences of different metals on Al–M bond dissociation free energies (BDFEs), utilizing electronic and steric parameters obtained from existing literature and from buried volume calculations (%Vbur), including a convenient model that can be applied without aid of further DFT calculations. Our investigations unveiled a partial correlation between Al–M BDFEs and M−H BDFEs, in that both depend on pKa and E° values of M. However, Al–M BDFEs demonstrate significant influences from both steric crowding and Al–M orbital overlap, neither of which contribute to M−H BDFE. By employing MLR to derive predictive models, extrapolation to other hypothetical complexes beyond the training set presented in this study is facilitated. Thus, our research will inform and enable the future design of sustainable catalytic processes involving heterobimetallic Al–M complexes with earth-abundant metals.

The selective activator protein-1 inhibitor T-5224 regulates the IRF4/MYC axis and exerts cooperative antimyeloma activity with bortezomib

The activating protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factors (TFs) have been associated with many different cancer types and are promising therapeutic targets in logical malignancies. However, the mechanisms of their role in multiple myeloma (MM) remain elusive. The present study determined and compared the mRNA and protein expression levels of the AP-1 family member JunB in CD138+ mononuclear cells from MM patients and healthy donors. Herein, we investigated the effect of T-5224, an inhibitor of JUN/AP-1, on MM. We found that the cytotoxicity of T-5224 toward myeloma is due to its ability to induce cell apoptosis, inhibit proliferation, and induce cell cycle arrest by increasing the levels of cleaved caspase3/7 and concomitantly inhibiting the IRF4/MYC axis. We also noticed that siJunB-mediated deletion of JunB/AP-1 enhanced MM cell apoptosis and affected cell proliferation. The software PROMO was used in the present study to predict the AP-1 TF that may bind the promoter region of IRF4. We confirmed the correlation between JunB/AP-1 and IRF4. Given that bortezomib (BTZ) facilitates IRF4 degradation in MM cells, we applied combination treatment of BTZ with T-5224. T-5224 and BTZ exerted synergistic effects, and T-5224 reversed the effect of BTZ on CD138+ primary resistance in MM cells, in part due to suppression of the IRF4/MYC axis. Our results suggest that targeting AP-1 TFs is a promising therapeutic strategy for MM. Additionally, targeting both AP-1 and IRF4 with T-5224 may be a synergistic therapeutic strategy for this clinically challenging subset of MM.

커먼즈 및 지역혁신론관점에서의 먹거리 공유활동 분석

This study aims to analyze the process of creating promoting factors and environments that drive the sustainability of the activities of shared refrigerator, a food sharing program, in Suwon City, a novel approach to local-level food sharing from the perspective of the commons and regional innovation. The findings suggest that food sharing activities are fostered within a context of regional innovation, which encompasses several key elements: firstly, the identification of relevant regional issues that can elicit public empathy and foster public discourse; secondly, the rise of innovative agents who respond to these issues; thirdly, the establishment of networks that encourage interaction and cooperative endeavors, based on reciprocity and interdependence among these agents; fourthly, the development of inherent capabilities and the generation of social capital during these activities; fifthly, the development and evolution of systems that respond to internal and external environments; and finally, the presence of mechanisms that propel these activities.
 This case is significant as it exhibits the systematic nature of regional innovation activities aiming to develop food commons and regional communities. It employs a commons-based approach that acknowledges and administers food as a communal resource, managed by a citizen community that forms management rules and governance. Moreover, it encourages cooperative activities based on networks among various actors, mediated by food. Particularly, this case strives to restore food commons through the expansion of food sharing awareness, thereby providing a foundation for recognizing the necessity of public food policies.

AUTONOMOUS LEARNING – A THEORETICAL APPROACH

Autonomy is a pedagogical concept with multiple educational dimensions, the most important correlative notions being involvement, freedom of choice, responsibility, critical thinking, and metacognition. Educational autonomy is a pedagogical concept with multiple educational dimensions, important correlative notions being activation, freedom of choice, responsibility, critical thinking, and metacognition. The common teacher-student actions aim to increase the student's autonomy and include the acquisition of meta-knowledge and the use of meta-cognitive strategies, reflection on knowledge, performing self-evaluations and co-evaluations, combining individual activity with cooperative work activities, and mutual exchanges. The student thus contributes responsibly to his own training, (self) training. The autonomy of the student is objectified in the management of the new knowledge, in setting their own goals and strategies of learning and training, in the hierarchy of priorities, in the design of the strategies of (self) monitoring and self-evaluation, in the curricular management, in the time management. Just like self-education, self-training refers to the conscious, voluntary processes, in which the person undertakes actions aimed, consciously, at qualitative transformations, which lead to the development of his own personality. In self-training, "learning to learn" is essential, understood as the assimilation of cognitive/intellectual and metacognitive skills, contributing to the transformation of self-instruction and self-training into a necessity.

Agricultural Consumer Cooperation of the Saratov Region: Experience and Problems of Development

The state and directions of development of agricultural consumer cooperation in the Saratov region are analyzed, the experience of individual cooperatives in various fields of activity is presented. The directions and effectiveness of the use of state support funds for the development of the SOC are given. Proposals have been developed for the development of cooperation in the countryside and the improvement of the activities of cooperatives.

Turning sulfonyl and sulfonimidoyl fluoride electrophiles into sulfur(VI) radicals for alkene ligation

Sulfonyl and sulfonimidoyl fluorides are versatile substrates in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. However, they have been exclusively used as S(VI)+ electrophiles for defluorinative ligations. Converting sulfonyl and sulfonimidoyl fluorides to S(VI) radicals is challenging and underexplored due to the strong bond dissociation energy of SVI−F and high reduction potentials, but once achieved would enable dramatically expanded synthetic utility and downstream applications. In this report, we disclose a general platform to address this issue through cooperative organosuperbase activation and photoredox catalysis. Vinyl sulfones and sulfoximines are obtained with excellent E selectivity under mild conditions by coupling reactions with alkenes. The synthetic utility of this method in the preparation of functional polymers and dyes is also demonstrated.

Excursions as an Immersion Pedagogy to Enhance Self-Directed Learning in Pre-Service Teacher Education

Pre-service teacher education should be underpinned by pedagogies that would enhance self-directed learning. Future teachers need to create contexts in the classrooms that would enable learners to, as self-directed learners, identify individual learning goals for themselves, search for appropriate resources, and monitor and assess their own learning. Self-directed learning is essential to adequately prepare learners for a complex and changing world. This paper focuses on the affordances of a first-year student teacher excursion to scaffold learning and the development of a professional identity, and to address the ‘apprenticeship of observation’ that could prevent optimal learning. Pre-service teachers often enter the Bachelor of Education degree with a naïve understanding of the teaching profession. Furthermore, they come from school contexts that often do not enhance self-directed learning. The faculties of education from three different universities have engaged in excursions for first-year student teachers, where the student teachers, as Homo ludens (the playing human), engage in problem-based and cooperative learning activities, exploring the complexities of the teaching profession. Social constructivism underpins the excursion. Findings over 17 years (2007–2023) across three universities—the University of Johannesburg, North-West University and the University of the Western Cape—show that such immersion pedagogy is a high-impact educational practice, in which student teachers learn from practice. The findings show that the excursion provides pre-service teachers with a more nuanced understanding of the teaching profession, enhanced sensitivity to diversity, social justice and inclusivity, an understanding of the value of reflection, and a sense of belonging as a student in the higher education sector. The findings also highlight the affordances of excursions to enhance self-directed learning, an important attribute to ensure continued professional development. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, higher education institutions had to rethink teaching and learning, and this article also explores the transformation of face-to-face excursions to virtual online excursions.

Epstein Framework of Parental Engagement a Key to Student Success of the Primary School Students: A Case Study of Yiwu Dongzhou, China

This study aims to understand parental participation behaviours and suggest strategies to support parental engagement in children's learning at Yiwu Dongzhou Primary School in Zhejiang, China. The study adopted a mixed method and interviewed six parents at all levels in-depth using a quantitative sample of 216 parents representing 1,600 pupils. WeChat was used to collect the data, which was then analyzed using Excel and SPSSPRO software for content analysis and descriptive statistics? The findings showed that 83% of the sample parents were mothers, 98% lived in two-parent households, and 65% were between 36 and 45. High school (44%) and middle school (27%) had the most parents with a degree. Parental involvement in decision-making and Volunteering was comparatively low. The results led to many recommendations for improving parental involvement at Yiwu Dongzhou Primary School. The scope of activities for parental participation should be expanded, teacher-parent communication channels should be improved, parent workshops or training should be organised to support learning at home, and community networks should be fostered to offer support and resources for families through cooperative educational activities and forums for parents to share experiences.

Tandem CuI – Zinc dust as a sustainable catalyst for the preparation of propargylamine derivatives via an A3 coupling reaction, under neat conditions

The cooperative activity of two proximal metal ions is well-known to exhibit highly efficient and synergistic catalytic activities in living organisms. Owing to this knowledge, tandem Cu–Zn systems have been widely used to catalyze a diversity of chemical transformations. This report describes the use of CuI and zinc dust as a sustainable tandem catalyst for the preparation of propargylamines via a three-component coupling reaction under neat conditions. This reaction proceeds at low temperature, and produces good yields with a number of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes. The reactivity of a number of amines and alkynes has also been explored under these reaction conditions, resulting in 33 fully characterized compounds prepared in the process. Among the ketones tested during this study, only cyclohexanone was able to produce the expected product in a decent yield. The catalytic system reported here represents one of the sustainable approaches to the preparation of propargylamines, as it involves the use of naturally abundant metals as a tandem catalyst, at a low temperature and under neat conditions.

Peran dan Tantangan Koperasi dalam Pembangunan Ekonomi Masyarakat yang Berada di Desa Namo Bintang Kecamatan Pancur Batu

Cooperatives play a crucial role in the economic development of communities, especially in rural areas like Desa Namo Bintang, Kecamatan Pancur Baru. Cooperatives can be an effective means to stimulate economic growth and improve the welfare of the community. However, in fulfilling their role, cooperatives face various challenges that need to be overcome in order to provide maximum benefits to the community. This research aims to analyze the role of cooperatives in the economic development of the community in Desa Namo Bintang and identify the challenges faced by cooperatives in achieving their goals. The research methodology employed in this study is field research, including interviews and direct observations of the cooperatives in Desa Namo Bintang. The research identifies several challenges faced by cooperatives in Desa Namo Bintang. Firstly, there is a limitation of capital that affects the cooperative's ability to provide loans to its members. Secondly, the lack of access to a broader market limits the sale of cooperative products. Thirdly, the insufficient involvement of the younger generation in cooperative activities threatens the sustainability of the cooperatives in the future. In addressing these challenges, several recommendations are provided. Firstly, the government needs to provide financial and technical support to cooperatives through mentoring and training programs. Secondly, cooperatives need to innovate in product marketing and expand their networks. Thirdly, cooperatives must actively engage the younger generation by involving them in decision-making processes and providing opportunities for skill development.
 Keywords: cooperative, economic development, challenges, and marketing

Cooperative regulation of C1-domain membrane recruitment polarizes atypical protein kinase C.

Recruitment of the Par complex protein atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) to a specific membrane domain is a key step in the polarization of animal cells. While numerous proteins and phospholipids interact with aPKC, how these interactions cooperate to control its membrane recruitment has been unknown. Here, we identify aPKC's C1 domain as a phospholipid interaction module that targets aPKC to the membrane of Drosophila neural stem cells (NSCs). The isolated C1 binds the NSC membrane in an unpolarized manner during interphase and mitosis and is uniquely sufficient among aPKC domains for targeting. Other domains, including the catalytic module and those that bind the upstream regulators Par-6 and Bazooka, restrict C1's membrane targeting activity-spatially and temporally-to the apical NSC membrane during mitosis. Our results suggest that aPKC polarity results from cooperative activation of autoinhibited C1-mediated membrane binding activity.

KAZAKHSTAN AND THE MIDDLE EAST REGION: BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE ARCHIVE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Kazakhstan’s foreign policy is aimed at protecting national interests, trust and cooperation with international organizations and of near and far abroad countries. Attracting foreign investment, developing transport and transit potential, and promoting exports are the main objectives for the medium and long-term strategy. In the Concept of the Foreign Policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, adopted on March 6, 2020, strategic goals are outlined, among which the preservation of the independence of the foreign policy course, mutually beneficial relations with foreign states in a bilateral and multilateral format, as well as strengthening positions in the international arena are determined.On January 15 of this year, President of the Republic of Kazalhstan K-Zh. Tokayev made an official visit to the United Arab Emirates, where the issues of strategic partnership, activation of trade, economic and investment cooperation in priority sectors were discussed. The President of Kazakhstan also took part in the Abu Dhabi Sustainable Development Week summit and held meetings with representatives of the business community.In 2022 Kazakhstan has intensified contacts in the Middle East region by concluding agreements with a number of states. The biggest events were the visits and meetings at the highest level of the Head of State with the leaders of Iran, Qatar, the UAE, Saudi Arabia.As a result of these negotiations, the parties signed documents expanding trade, economic and humanitarian ties. For example, a memorandum of understanding was signed between Astana International Exchange (“AIX”, “Exchange”) and the Qatar Stock Exchange (QSE). In accordance with the agreement, both parties will facilitate exchange of information and information on market transactions within the framework of relevant legal regulations, joint research and educational initiatives.In February 2023, a meeting of the Kazakh-Egyptian Intergovernmental Commission on economic, trade, cultural-humanitarian, and technical-scientific cooperation is scheduled in Astana. In particular, the meeting will announce proposals to expand bilateral cooperation in the sector of energy, including through the establishment of cooperation in the fields of peaceful atom, development of renewable energy sources. Along with these issues, it is planned to discuss the issues of harmful emissions into the atmosphere, the replacement of obsolete equipment with new ones, and the application of the latest scientific developments in practice.

Characterization of cooperative PS-oligo activation of human TLR9

Single-stranded phosphorothioate oligonucleotides (PS-oligos) can activate TLR9, leading to an innate immune response. This can occur with PS-oligos containing unmethylated CpG sites, the canonical motif, or PS-oligos that do not contain those motifs (non-CpG). Structural evidence shows that TLR9 contains two PS-oligo binding sites, and recent data suggest that synergistic cooperative activation of TLR9 can be achieved by adding two separate PS-oligos to cells, each engaging with a separate site on TLR9 to enhance TLR9 activation as a pair. Here, we demonstrate and characterize this cooperativity phenomenon using PS-oligos in human cell lines, and we introduce several novel PS-oligo pairs (CpG and non-CpG pairs) that show cooperative activation. Indeed, we find that cooperative PS-oligos likely bind at different sites on TLR9. Interestingly, we find that PS-oligos that generate little TLR9 activation on their own can prime TLR9 to be activated by other PS-oligos. Finally, we determine that previous models of TLR9 activation cannot be used to fully explain data from systems using human TLR9 and PS-oligos. Overall, we reveal new details of TLR9 activation, but we also find that more work needs to be done to determine where certain PS-oligos are binding to TLR9.

Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Akuntansi Pinjaman Anggota Koperasi Kencana Cirebon

One of the activities in the Employee Cooperative is to provide credit loans to its members, in accordance with one of the goals of the Cooperative establishment, namely to provide welfare for members. The purpose of this research is to make a loan accounting application for members of the Kencana Cooperative, Cirebon City. The object of this research is the Kencana Cooperative, which is a cooperative owned by the National Population and Family Planning Agency (BKKBN) of Cirebon City. Data collection techniques that the author uses in this study are interviews, observation and literature study. Applications made using PHP programming (Hypertext Preprocessor) while for data storage using MySQL database. This research is very useful for the Kencana Cooperative of Cirebon City, because it can produce an accounting application that can be used as an internal control tool in terms of recording loans for cooperative members. This application can record all cooperative employee loan activities. The limitation of this research is that this application has not been able to make financial reports of the Kencana Cooperative, such as the Balance Sheet and Profit and Loss Statements. This research can contribute to the author, the Kencana Cooperative and the readers. This research focuses on the field of computerized accounting, so that writers and readers can add insight in the field of computerized accounting

Ru(II) Complexes with Protic- and Anionic-Naked-NHC Ligands for Cooperative Activation of Small Molecules.

A set of ruthenium(II)-protic-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes, [Ru(NNCH )(PPh3 )2 (X)]Cl (1, X=Cl and 2, X=H) and their deprotonated forms [Ru(NNC)(PPh3 )2 (X)] (1', X=Cl and 2', X=H), in which NNC is a new unsymmetrical pincer ligand, are reported. The four complexes are interconvertible by simple acid-base chemistry. The combined theoretical and spectroscopic investigations indicate charge segregation in anionic-NHC complexes (1' and 2') and can be described from a Lewis pair perspective. The chemical reactivity of deprotonated complex 1' shows cooperative small molecule activation. Complex 1' activates H-H bond of hydrogen, C(sp3 )-I bond of iodomethane, and C(sp)-H bond of phenylacetylene. The activation of CO2 using anionic NHC complex 1' at moderate temperature and ambient pressure and subsequent conversion to formate is also described. All the new compounds have been characterized using ESI-MS, 1 H, 13 C, and 31 P NMR spectroscopy. Molecular structures of 1, 2, and 2' have also been determined with single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The cooperative small molecule activation perspective broadens the scope of potential applications of anionic-NHC complexes in small molecule activation, including the conversion of carbon dioxide to formate, a much sought after reaction in the renewable energy and sustainable development domains.

Event Management Praktik Lapang Mahasiswa Universitas Koperasi Indonesia di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Learning process for seventh semester students of Ikopin University is conducted both classical and field classes. One of the field activity classes named Praktik Lapang (Cooperative Field Practice) is organized by the university committee consisted of the all rank academic officials. Praktik Lapang as a formal education activity is managed by considering the aspects of event management. All activities are based on the Term of Reference (ToR) designed by the committee consisting of activity background, aims and objectives, theme, budget, venues, personnels, as well as the steps of activities. In 2023 there were 369 participants – divided into 65 groups - had the opportunity to get involved in 65 cooperatives of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Province. They conducted various activities for one month as designed by board of cooperative as well as by the university, such as participating in cooperative activities both business and administration stuffs, then writing the report of the activity. As the students who study cooperative they also must become cooperative extension agents to the society and also promote Ikopin University to some high schools there. While conducting the programs, the counselor monitored each group on the site and there was also a counselor for guiding report writing. During the main activities the students could learn more about small business, culture and tourism in Yogyakarta

Level of adoption of climate smart agriculture among smallholder rice farmers in Osun State: does financing matter?

Application of climate smart agriculture (CSA) technologies being context-specific is premised on integrating agroclimatic and socioeconomic conditions, institutional structures, and most importantly, financing mechanisms vis-à-vis the adoption capacities of the farmers. This study examined financing adoption intensity of CSA technologies among sampled smallholder rice farmers in Osun State, Nigeria. The results of this study point to the fact that gender of household head, marital status, access to climate information, access to off-farm income, access to cooperative and access to credit were the determinants of level of adoption of CSA technology amongst the smallholder rice farmers in the study area. In view of the nexus between CSA adoption level and access to credit as revealed in this study, increasing awareness about how the credit market works and information on the provision of climate change can help farmers to better adapt to climate change. This significant impact of the credit accessibility on level of CSA adoption confirms the critical role that credit availability has in climate financing. Thus, agricultural policies to improve institutional support, such as involvement in farm-based cooperative, credit facility, and off-farm income activities, are crucial to upscale CSA adoption in the study area. The income from non-farm activities can be reinvested into farm operations to improve farmers’ adaptive capacity and subsequently increase productivity. It could also be recommended that policies enhancing and strengthening institutional support may also be valuable in augmenting the adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers.

Women Empowerment through Cooperative: A Case Study of Ichangu Mahila Jagriti Multipurpose Cooperative Limited

Women empowerment involves participation of women in political structures and formal decision-making and economic decision-making which is achieved through education, raising awareness, literacy, and training. Co-operatives in general and specifically women-led co-operatives, have played an important role in women empowerment. This study aims to identify the contribution of Ichangu Mahila Jagriti Multipurpose Co-operative Limited (IMJCL) located in Nagarjun municipality Kathmandu on economic, socio-cultural and political aspects of women empowerment who became its member. The study was conducted in Nagarjun municipality Kathmandu among the 124 women inheritors with 10 years of experiences and cooperative activities were randomly selected using lottery method for data collection. Primary data was collected via structured questionnaire, focus group discussion and key informant interviews. For the data analysis paired sample t-test was applied in three different domains of empowerment: economic, socio-cultural and political dimensions. The finding showed there was positive impact on women empowerment with significant difference in socio-cultural, economic and political empowerment of its member. The study shows there were significant changes after involvement in different programmes of IMJCL. Finally, its finding focusses on the crucial role of cooperative in the overall empowerment of women. Extension of cooperative organizations is indispensable for the nation.

Discovery of a pyrrole-pyridinimidazole derivative as novel SIRT6 inhibitor for sensitizing pancreatic cancer to gemcitabine

Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive cancer, and is primarily treated with gemcitabine, with increasing resistance. SIRT6 as a member of sirtuin family plays important roles in lifespan and diverse diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. Considering the role of SIRT6 in the cytoprotective effect, it might be a potential anticancer drug target, and is associated with resistance to anticancer therapy. However, very few SIRT6 inhibitors have been reported. Here, we reported the discovery of a pyrrole-pyridinimidazole derivative, 8a, as a new non-competitive SIRT6 inhibitor, and studied its roles and mechanisms in the antitumor activity and sensitization of pancreatic cancer to gemcitabine. Firstly, we found a potent SIRT6 inhibitor compound 8a by virtual screening and identified by molecular and cellular SIRT6 activity assays. 8a could effectively inhibit SIRT6 deacetylation activity with IC50 values of 7.46 ± 0.79 μM in FLUOR DE LYS assay, and 8a significantly increased the acetylation levels of H3 in cells. Then, we found that 8a could inhibit the cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. We further demonstrate that 8a sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine via reversing the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK signaling pathways induced by gemcitabine and blocking the DNA damage repair pathway. Moreover, combination of 8a and gemcitabine induces cooperative antitumor activity in pancreatic cancer xenograft model in vivo. Overall, we demonstrate that 8a, a novel SIRT6 inhibitor, could be a promising potential drug candidate for pancreatic cancer treatment.

Identification of methodologies used for Social Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA): a literature review

The management of urban solid waste is becoming a challenge not only for associations of collectors, but also for society. The main activity of cooperatives is to collect and transform solid waste into materials that can be reintegrated into the process of other companies or organizations. The objective of this research was to identify methodologies used for Social Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA), as well as to identify where and how they were applied. The methodology used was the literature review. The SLCA surveys were used in several research areas, and no research was found related to recyclable material collectors. As suggestions for future work, we propose the development of an SLCA methodology that can be validated and applied in Cooperatives of Collectors of Recyclable Materials.