Photocatalytic degradation is shining as a central methods for purifying antibiotic wastewater, evoking burgeoning attention towards extraordinarily efficient photocatalysts. In this work, the BiVO4/COF (2:8) composite photocatalyst with Ⅱ-scheme heterojunction structure was prepared and employed for the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline, which achieved degradation equilibrium within 30 min of light irradiation with the remarkable degradation rate reaching 91.56 %. Notably, the photocatalytic degradation rate of BiVO4/COF (2:8) soared to 0.06861 min−1, marking a 32.8-fold and 1.73-fold increase compared to bare BiVO4 (0.00209 min−1) and COF (0.03977 min−1) respectively. The excellent photocatalytic performance benefits from the Ⅱ-scheme heterojunction, fueled by the harmoniously compatible band structure of BiVO4 and COF. This intricate synergy enables effective separation of photogenerated electrons-holes pairs, fostering the generation of active substances ·O2− and h+, consequently amplifying the photocatalytic degradation activity against tetracycline. This work provides valuable insights and guidance for designing efficient COF-based II-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts.