Activity Of Bark Research Articles

Evaluation of antioxidants activity of some tree barks grown in Libya (Al Jabal Al Akhdar) Pinus halepensis Mill, Pistacia lentiscus L, Juniperus phoenicea L

The aim of the present study investigated anti-oxidant activity of various methanol-water extracts from tree barks grown in Libya (Al Jabal AL Akhdar) by four anti-oxidant assays FRAP. DPPH. H2O2 and Metal chelating activity. Additionally, these antioxidant activities were compared with BHA, BHT as reference antioxidants. Tree bark has a large, diverse class of compounds, many with antioxidant properties. This study showed FRAP inhibitory activity of the Pinus halepensis bark extracts 56.8%, while Juniperus phoenicea L 57.6%, and Pistacia lentiscus L bark extracts was 69.2% The DPPH radical scavenging in the bark extracts exerted an inhibition of 66.8 %, 62.3% ,74.6% for Pinus halepensis, Juniperus phoenicea and Pistacia lentiscus L respectively. While H2O2 activity shows variation, ranging from 67. 8 to 81. 3%. The Metal chelating activity of the barks extract was 59% in Pinus halepensis and 57% in Juniperus phoenicea L bark extracts furthermore Pistacia lentiscus L was 67.8% in addition the Metal chelating activity of BHT and BHA 92%, 94% respectively. The high antioxidant activity of bark was founded in Pistacia lentiscus L bark extracts.

Phenolic composition, antioxidant and antinociceptive activities of Syringa vulgaris L. bark and leaf extracts

Metabolite profile, antioxidant and antinociceptive activities of Syringa vulgaris bark and leaf methanolic extracts were investigated. By means of HPLC-DAD-ESI-TOF and HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS, a total of 33 phenolics were identified, including 15 secoiridoids, 6 phenylpropanoids, 3 flavonoids, 3 lignans and 6 low molecular weight phenols. Validated quantitative analysis show that syringin (2.52%) and rutin (1.13%) are the main phenolic compounds in bark and leaf, respectively. Notable radical scavenging and antinociceptive activities of the bark and leaf extracts were confirmed by in vitro DPPH● and ABTS●+ assays and by in vivo hot-plate method in mice, respectively. Our results could lay the scientific basic of future clinical perspectives of lilac bark and leaf.

Hepatoprotective Activity of the Extract of Crataeva nurvala Bark Against CCl4 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

The present work is focused on investigation of hepatoprotective activity of bark of Crataeva nurvala. It’s hepatoprotective activity was studied in the form of its aqueous and ethanolic extract and its isolated compound, against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats. The In-vitro study demonstrated the lowering of GPT and LDH level in isolated hepatocytes. Further more, an alteration in the level of biochemical markers, i.e., SGOT, SGPT, SALP and bilirubin were studied in-vivo on albino rats after CCl4 induced hepatic damage. Ethanolic extract (dose 250 mg/kg & 500 mg/kg) and isolated compound (dose 50 mg/kg) induced lowering of biochemical markers near to the normal levels in dose dependent manner, while there was no remarkable change with the aqueous extract (dose 250 mg/kg and 500mg/kg). Hence, the findings confirmed that ethanolic extract and isolated compound of C. nurvala bark possess hepatoprotective activity.

Phytochemical investigation and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of bark of Hymenodictyon orixense

The chemical investigation of the methanol extract of Hymenodictyon orixense bark, a Thai medicinal herb, provided five compounds. Their structures were identified on the basis of 1D NMR and MS data, as well as by comparison of the data with published values, as an iridoid glycoside: loganin (1), four coumarins: scopoletin (2), scopolin (3), hymexelsin (4) and scopoletin 7-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (5). Compounds 1–5 showed acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity in the range of 13.92–34.18% at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. In addition, compounds 1 and 5 are reported for the first time from this genus.

Chemical Composition and Activity of Bark and Leaf Extracts of Pinus Halepensis and Olea Europaea Grown in Al-Jabel Al-Akhdar Region, Libya Against some Plant Phytopathogens

The objective of this study was to identify the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of acetone extracts of Pinus halepensis Mill (needles and bark) and Olea europaea L. (leaves and bark) obtained from three different altitudes in AL-Jabal ALAkhder, Libya. The chemical compositions were analyzed by GC/MS. The analyses of the extracts from needles of P. halepensis led to the identification of 38, 15 and 18 different components, representing 93.34, 100 and 97.00% of the total extract at three different altitudes (125, 391 and 851 respectively). However, the extracts from bark contained 6, 4 and 8 compounds, representing 100% of the total extract at three different altitudes, respectively. For the leaf extracts from O. europea, 5, 8 and 10 compounds were identified, representing 100% of the total extracts at three different altitudes (125, 391 and 851 respectively). However, the crud extracts from bark led to the identification of 13, 16 and 15 compounds, representing 97.55, 99.70 and 98.05% of the total extract at three different altitudes, respectively. The chemical classes of the detected compounds confirmed that these extracts contained a complex mixture consisting of sugars, monoterpene hydrocarbons, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, diterpenoids, terpenophenolics, triterpenes, tetraterpenoids, phenylethanoids, steroids, resins and phthalates. Four pathogenic bacteria and one fungal strain were used to determine the antimicrobial activity. The extracts exhibited antibacterial potency with varying degrees of inhibition with MIC values ranging from 480 to 1300mg/L and the best MICs values observed were 525, 530, 410 and 645mg/L against the growth of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Erwinia carotovora, Corynebacterium fascians and Pseudomonas solanacearum, respectively for the extract from O. europaea at altitude I. The extracts all extracts exhibited a significant antifungal potency against Botrytis cinerea with varying degrees of inhibition of growth with EC50 values ranging from 71.10 to 154.71mg/L.

Evaluation of antibacterial activity of the bark and leaf extracts of Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul against multidrug resistant strains

Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul., a plant that belongs to Moraceae family, is found throughout the Brazilian Cerrado. The antimicrobial activities of ethanolic bark and leaf extracts of B. gaudichaudii were tested against multiresistant bacteria isolated from diabetic foot infections (DFIs). Antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated by agar disc diffusion (DD) and broth dilution (BD) methods. By BD method, bark (53.85, 45.83%) and leaf (42.31, 50.00%) extracts contained antimicrobial activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Increased antimicrobial activity was observed when bark and leaf extracts were tested against Staphylococcus aureus (63.64%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (66.67%). Statistical analyses of bark and leaf extract demonstrated antimicrobial activity against both gram-positive (p = 0.000) and gram-negative bacteria (p = 0.012). Extract of bark (p = 0.075) or leaf (p = 0.005) associated with ACA antibiotic showed antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria. Our study suggests that the bark and leaf extracts contain bioactive compounds with antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant strains.

Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of Pterospermum acerifolium (Sterculiaceae)

The objective of present research work was to determine the antioxidant activity and presence of secondary metabolites in bark of Pterospermum acerifolium belonging to family Sterculiaceae. The phytochemical analysis of bark of Pterospermum acerifolium showed the presence of anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins and tannins while alkaloids were absent. Oxidative compounds are responsible for prognosis of many diseases like Alzheimers disease, ischemic heart disease, Parkinson disease and atherosclerosis. Antioxidants are the compounds responsible for curing such ailments that are produced by oxidative stress to the cells. Antioxidant activity of bark of Pterospermum acerifolium was determined by 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH). Extracts of plant material were prepared in dichloromethane and methanol solvents. Gallic acid was used as standard drug. Methanol extract exhibited excellent radical scavenging activity with IC 50 14.506 0.07.

Study of Variations in the Extraction Yield, Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activities of the Bark of F. religiosa as a Function of Extraction Procedure

In present study, the effect of different solvents and multiple techniques on the extraction yield, phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of bark of F. Religiosa, was investigated. Four solvents (absolute ethanol, absolute methanol, 80% aqueous ethanol and 80% aqueous methanol) and three techniques (orbital shaker, sonication and magnetic stirrer) were applied for this purpose. The extract obtained by the application of 80% methanol, exhibited significantly (p 80% ethanol > absolute methanol >absolute ethanol. As for as techniques are concerned, the extracts obtained by the application of sonication demonstrated significantly (p

Antimicrobial activities of Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile (Balanitaceae) on bacteria isolated from water well

Article history: Bark of Balanites aegyptiaca is used to make well water potable. This study aimed to investigate well water microbiological quality and appreciate antibacterial activity of crude extracts of B. aegyptiaca on bacteria isolated from 60 samples well water. Qualitative chemical analysis of the extract was carried out. Microbiological quality of water well from four health Districts of the city of Lome were evaluated by broth dilution associated with the spread on agar media method. Antimicrobial activity of bark of B. aegyptiaca was assessed using microdilution method. The results indicated that well water samples analysed were contaminated to varying degrees by the total aerobic flora, fecal coliforms and fecal enterococci. The most important phytoconstituents of the back were saponins, coumarins, triterpenes, tannins and steroids. Flavonoids and polyphenols were absent. B. aegyptiaca inhibited significantly the growth of microorganisms isolated from well water. Using B. aegyptiaca in the disinfection of well water would be linked to its action on the causative organisms and its chemical composition.

Phytochemical profile and antibacterial activity of bark and leaves of Caesalpinia pyramidalis Tul. and Sapium glandulosum (L.) Morong.

This study aimed to analyze the phytochemical profile and antibacterial activity of crude ethanol extracts (CEE) from the bark and leaves of Caesalpinia pyramidalis Tul. andSapium glandulosum (L.) Morong. The phytochemical composition was analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) using eluent and specific revealing. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar diffusion method (well technique) and determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The extracts showed anthocyanins, sterols, flavonoids, coumarins, lignans and terpenoids. The results showed that the CEE from the barks of C. pyramidalis showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcuscoagulase-negative and Enterococcus faecalis, while the CEE from the barks and leaves ofS. glandulosum was active against S. aureus and S. coagulase negative. The CEE from the bark C. pyramidalis had MICs of 125 to 500 µg/ml. The antimicrobial activity of the extract of bark of C. pyramidalis indicate that the mechanism of multidrug resistance ofStaphylococcus to current antibiotics does not confer resistance to the compounds present in samples, which provides motivation for the isolation of chemicals responsible for such activities. Key words: Antibacterial, burra-leiteria, catingueira, multidrug resistance, Staphylococcus.

Comparison of antioxidant activity of bark of seven species of genera Frangula Mill. and Rhamnus L. (Rhamnaceae)

Plants of genus Rhamnus L. and Frangula Mill. are frequently used in phytomedicine, mainly for their purgative properties [1]. The purpose of this study was to compare radical scavenging and antioxidant activity of bark of two Frangula Mill. (F. alnus L., F. rupestris (Scop.) Schur) and five Rhamnus (R. alaternus L., R. cathartica L., R. intermedia Steud. et Hohst., R. orbiculata Bornm., R. saxatilis Jacq.) species which grow in Croatia. Methanolic extracts of barks were prepared by ultrasonication. Content of total phenols were determined by using Folin Ciocalteu reagent. Antioxidant activity was investigated using following methods: radical scavenging activity of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical, reducing power, chelating activity and beta-carotene-linoleic acid assay. The greatest content of phenolic substances was found in extract of F. alnus (63 mg/g) while the phenolic content in the other extracts was almost twice lower (between 38 and 23 mg/g). The extracts demonstrated notable antioxidant activity in all the assays. The strongest chelator of Fe2+ ions was the extract of R. orbiculata. The extract of F. alnus was the most active in all the remaining assays. The activity of F. alnus extract in beta-carotene-linoleic acid assay was significantly higher than the activity of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) (ANOVA, p<0.05). Antioxidant activity in all the tests correlated well with content of total phenols (r2 was between 0.46 and 0.79, p<0.001). This suggests that phenolic compounds are main antioxidant substances in bark of investigated Frangula and Rhamnus species.

Identification of vibriocidal compounds from medicinal plants using chromatographic fingerprinting

The aim of the present study was to investigate the vibriocidal activity of bark of Syzygium cumini, leaves of Lawsonia inermis, fruits of Terminalia bellerica and identify the bioactive compounds. The vibriocidal activity of plant extracts was determined in aqueous and organic solvents, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Vibrio spp. using the disk diffusion method was established. The chemical constituents of the plant extracts were analysed by thin layer chromatography (TLC), the vibriocidal compounds were determined by TLC-bioautography and were further confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Significant inhibitory activity was observed with ethanol extract of plants against the test bacteria while less antibacterial activity was observed in acetone, methanol and aqueous extracts. The MIC of the plant extracts ranged between 2.5 and 20 mg/ml. The TLC, TLC-bioautography and HPLC analysis showed that gallic acid and tannin present in ethanol extracts of S. cumini, tannin present in L. inermis and gallic acid present in T. bellerica may be responsible for the vibriocidal activity. S. cumini, L. inermis and T. bellerica can be used for the treatment of gastroenteritis, diarrhoea and cholera diseases after detailed investigations. We also conclude that the plants rich in gallic acid and tannin can be used as an alternative to search for new vibriocidal drugs.