Industry Activities Research Articles

Extreme Event Discovery With Self-Attention for PM2.5 Anomaly Prediction

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) values of a particular location form a time series, whose prediction is challenging due to the complicated interactions between numerous factors from meteorological measurements, terrain conditions, and industry and human habitation activities, and their predictions have attracted considerable attention from the deep learning community. Although the deep learning approach for PM2.5 prediction generally has an acceptable accuracy, it has difficulty in PM2.5 anomaly prediction, while mispredictions prevent the authority from issuing proper instructions to reduce the impact on general health. We use extreme value theory (EVT) to formulate the PM2.5 prediction problem with a self-attention-based neural network implementation. EVT-based loss accounts for the rarity of anomalous data, and self-attention captures global information. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed model obtains an improved performance of 478% in F1 score and 286% in Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) over the fully connected network, and 229% in F1 and 148% in MCC over the typical Transformer trained with the traditional loss function.

Toward Smart Green Seaports: What should be done to transform seaports into intelligent and environment-friendly energy systems?

As maritime transport rapidly grows, seaports are becoming larger, more complex, and energy intensive. Seaports are facing the challenges of increasing their energy efficiency, adopting and producing technological innovations, limiting their carbon footprint, and complying with legislation that aims to reduce the environmental impact of marine industry activities. To this end, they aim to resynthesize their master plan, according to which they are transformed into smart energy hubs where extensive electrification plays a key role. The electric power consumption of seaports is continuously increasing because of operational, regulatory, and environmental factors, making intelligent energy networks a very promising solution.

Developing supply chain readiness measurement tool for the manufacturing industrial estates

Industrial estate (IE) is where manufacturing industry activities are concentrated. In this, the supply chain plays an important role that can affect the productivity and operational efficiency of IE. Currently, the existing measuring tools of the supply chain are limited to evaluating supply chain readiness (SCR) only for a single company. While for IE, which comprises many companies with varying kinds of products, the existing SCR is not suitable as it is a more complex system. This study aimed to develop a new SCR measurement tool suitable for manufacturing IE. It was developed using a single manufacturing company's existing (SCRL) tool. In this study, qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out. First, supply chain literature was reviewed to identify each measuring instrument's strengths and weaknesses. Then, a descriptive analysis was performed to identify the parameters measured in each existing SCRL tool. Measurement parameters in the IE were also identified. A matrix diagram was built to identify and visualize the relationship between the two. Third, an SCR measurement tool for IE readiness was developed by combining the existing system methodologies with the concept of IE. Spreadsheet-based software from Microsoft Excel was designed to make it easier for measuring readiness. Finally, validation was carried out by a quantitative analysis using SCM data from the IE in West Java, Indonesia. An SCR measurement tool fit for manufacturing IE (IE-SCRL) was proposed, equipped with a spreadsheet-based software design to measure it. In addition, the results of validating the effectiveness and efficiency of SCM of IE are also presented.

Digital services of regional centers for scientific and technical information in China

The article aims to study the current level of digital services of the regional subsystem of the National System of Scientific and Technical Information of the People's Republic of China and to determine its optimization directions. A content analysis of 28 provincial institutes of scientific and technical information’s official sites was carried out; the most powerful of them were identified in terms of resource and service potential, the level of organization of corporate cooperation based on consolidated digital platforms of multifunctional user service. It is proved that the level of efficiency of digital services of regional scientific and technical information systems directly depends on the level of the province’s economic development and the ability of its government to finance and technologically equip information industry centers activities, and to establish sustainable interaction of all subjects of the information market. Summarizing the results of the content analysis made it possible to identify reserves for improving the service capabilities of the Chinese information industry’s regional clusters, to design vectors for diversifying consulting, expert-analytical, cognitive services of provincial institutes of scientific and technical information, the development of integrated innovation-oriented intelligent service platforms operating based on artificial intelligence technologies.

Improving Tourism Industry Performance through Support System Facilities and Stakeholders: The Role of Environmental Dynamism

Success in improving the tourism industry’s performance depends on support system facilities and the role of stakeholders. However, the role of stakeholders in increasing tourism potential to support tourism industry activities, especially in a dynamic environment, still needs further elucidation. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to identify the factors that influence the improvement of the tourism industry and to produce strategies for the tourism industry. In this study, we conducted empirical research that elaborated the impact of support system facilities, stakeholders, and environmental dynamism on how the tourism industry achieves optimal performance in environmental dynamism. Support system facilities factors include telecommunication, power sources, transportation, waste management, location, clean water sources, supporting industries, spatial factors, hospitality, safety, and security. This research was based on data from 203 respondents from SMEs located around the tourist area of Rembang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. This research shows that the tourism industry in Rembang Regency can achieve optimal performance by utilizing and improving spatial factors, clean water sources, and telecommunication. Therefore, stakeholders and SMEs will benefit from support system facilities that can improve their performance in a dynamic tourism industry environment.

IMPROVING THE SYSTEM OF ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES ON THE BASIS OF CONTROLLING

The article is devoted to solving the problem of improving the efficiency of the adaptive management system of an agricultural enterprise on the basis of controlling. The necessity of introducing a management system aimed at ensuring a phased management of enterprise processes, taking into account the specifics of functioning with a high level of efficiency, flexibility and efficiency, has been substantiated. A retrospective analysis of the formation and development of the control system in industrialized countries has bee carried out. The results of the analysis made it possible to highlight the main concepts of controlling in accordance with their orientation. The peculiarities of the organization of the controlling system at agricultural enterprises of Ukraine in the conditions of seasonal market fluctuations have beenare determined. Growing crops, unlike the production of products in other industries, has such a feature as seasonality. The seasonal nature of production of agricultural enterprises determines the parameters of the activities of industries that produce and maintain agricultural products, harvest, preserve, process and sell agricultural products. Seasonal fluctuations have a direct impact on the intensity of the use of financial, material and technical, labor, energy and other types of resources of agricultural enterprises in certain periods of time during the calendar year. Thus, they impede the effective planning of the financial and economic activities of agricultural enterprises. This requires the improvement of the management system of an agricultural enterprise based on controlling to balance financial flows between all links of the agroindustrial complex. A mathematical model describing time parameters has been presented. Within the framework of the presented model, controlling actions aimed at ensuring the basic conditions for the functioning of an agricultural enterprise and preventing the phenomenon of shortage of funds during the “low” market period have been proposed. The basis for the construction of the model is the structure and objective proportions that determine the ratio between monetary funds and flows of funds of the enterprise of certain periods of its production and sales activities in the short term. The model allows timely detection of problems and making appropriate corrections in management decisions in order to minimize the destabilizing influence of environmental factors and eliminate unwanted deviations. Controlling actions are formed in the form of reports for the purpose of further use in the process of implementing the developed business processes.

A Brief Review of Computational Product Design: A Brand Identity Approach

On the way to designing customized products as one of the core activities of Industry 4.0, the strategy of computational design emerges as a unique design process due to its flexibility and simplicity. More specifically, the aforementioned strategy is concerned with the study of brand identity and its description in the development of commercial industrial products. The proposed design approach is focused on the study of branded product forms following computational design methodologies, i.e., employing textual or/and visual programming languages. The paper presents an overview of in-depth research studies which deal with the systematic way of creation, evolution, and transformation of industrial products with modern digital tools. Through the review, 100 studies have been analyzed over the last 15 years. The background of this research includes definitions from the specific four pillars of the modern theory of industrial design, e.g., product design, digital design, visual representation, and product identity. Furthermore, the current paper combines the use of computational design with specific parameters of visual brand elements in order to develop a methodological tool for the mass customization of industrial products. Moreover, the proposed framework offers a great deal of flexibility in both design and manufacturing, while many design alternatives could become available in a very short time. Finally, the impact of this paper is the correlation between computational design techniques and the theoretical background of brand identity principles (i.e., shapes, geometries, styles, textures, colors, and materials) for inspiring novel ideas among engineers, designers, and marketers.

Optimization techniques for energy efficiency in machining processes-a review.

Metal working process is one of the main activities in mechanical manufacturing industry; it is considered as a major consumer of energy and natural resources. In material removal process, the selection of cutting parameters and cooling or cutting liquid is necessary to save energy and achieve energy efficiency as well as sustainability. During the last two decades, the number of publications in this field has rapidly increased and has shown the importance of this research area. This review paper identifies and reviews in detail a total of 166 scientific studies which exhibit original contributions to the field and address multiple energy efficiency challenges. The recently developed models of energy consumption and different materials used in the machining process are presented. Therefore, this study describes various techniques for modeling and optimizing machining operations such as turning, milling, and drilling. Modeling techniques, experimental methods, multi-objective and single-objective optimization methods, and hybrid techniques optimization are presented in a detailed manner compared to previous review papers where only energy models are discussed. It can help practitioners and researchers to select the most appropriate approach for the desired experience and to highlight the progress of these methods in terms of machining energy efficiency. Additionally, this paper provides a review of different cutting fluids adopted in machining processes. This paper assists researchers and manufacturers in making advantageous technical decisions that have substantial economics in terms of energy saving.

Pollution profiles, influencing factors, and source apportionment of target and suspect organophosphate esters in ambient air: A case study in a typical city of Northern China.

Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are attracting attention because they pose risks to biota, including humans. Little research has been performed into the environmental fates of OPEs in the atmosphere. Here, target/suspect OPEs were determined in 122 atmosphere samples (gas phase (n=31), PM2.5 (n=30), PM10 (n=30), and total suspended particles (n=31)) from a city in Northern China. Pollution profiles were established, influencing factors identified, and sources apportioned. We found 12 target OPEs and 29 suspect OPEs. The target and suspect OPE concentrations in the ambient air samples were 2.2-172.5 and 0.7-53.9ng/m3, respectively. Tris(chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphate were the dominant OPEs in all samples. The OPEs were not in equilibrium, indicated by a multi-parameter linear free energy relationship model. The air quality index and OPE concentrations significantly correlated, indicating that OPE pollution is often more serious during weather with worse air quality. The target and suspect screening strategy and a positive matrix factorization model allowed OPE sources to be apportioned, improving our understanding of OPE sources. The four dominant sources were (1) construction, (2) indoor emissions, (3) the plastic industry and industrial activities, and (4) traffic emissions, textiles, and foam products.

Characteristic of Asphalt Mixture using Fly Ash and Bottom Ash Substitution in Reducing Environment Pollution

One of the waste materials produced by industry activities is fly ash and bottom ash (FABA), it is produced by brick combustion waste. Fly ash and bottom ash waste is hazardous and toxic (B3) waste for it contains heavy metal oxides polluting the environment. Related to the condition, the output study of toxicity potential test carried out to coal ash in Nagan Raya PLTU (Electric Steam Power Plant) proving conversely. The coal ash of Nagan Raya PLTU is relatively safe to be used as construction material. The output explained that coal ash of Nagan Raya PLTU have adequate good potency to be utilized. One of coal ash potencies developed is the utilization asphalt mixture material including bottom ash as fine aggregate substitution and fly ash as filler substitution. The research aimed to find out the mixture characteristic by utilizing FABA for the road pavement of asphalt concrete layer (AC-WC) to reduce environment pollution and detect the appropriate proportion for the optimal utilization. The percentage of fine aggregate in the mixture must meet the requirement of binder as 5-15% to the weight, while the filler must meet the minimum of 75% to weight of filter pass No. 200 (0.075 mm). The test output of both mixtures by using bottom ash and fly ashin 15%-30% variation was different. The output is similar. Both of the output concluded that the optimum asphalt level was 5% and the variation of 30% bottom ash : 70% fine aggregate meet the requirement specification, while variation fly ash as subtitution Portland cement resulting that all the parameters meet the specification required by Bina Marga specification 2018.

10 Questions (Actually Nine)… [Industry Activities

This article features an interview with Lars Foged, the scientific director at the Microwave Vision Group (MVG), about his perspectives and experiences in with this multinational corporation.

Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage in Extractive Industries for Methanol Production

The elevated increase of CO2 emissions related to activities of the extractive industry is becoming a challenging issue gradually affecting climate change and global warming. In this frame, the effective utilisation of CO2 through the techniques of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) as well as Carbon Capture and Utilisation (CCU) can alleviate the greenhouse effect. Converting CO2 into a value-added chemical or liquid fuel (e.g., methanol, hydrocarbons, propylene, dimethyl ether, ethylene, etc.) is a promising approach in this regard. Methanol (MeOH) synthesis offers a key feedstock for industries, being both an industrial commodity for several chemical products and an efficient transportation fuel. This article presents a review of the CCS and CCU technologies for the production of MeOH in extractive industries. The CCS technologies investigated in this framework are the amine-based absorption and the WGS-enhanced CCS. The CCU technologies are CO2 hydrogenation and enhanced CO2 transformation by the Fischer-Tropsch reaction. Incorporating these systems for the processing of the flue-gases of the extractive industries significantly reduces the CO2 emissions, while creating new revenues by the production of valuable MeOH.

Tripartite evolutionary game analysis and simulation research on zero-carbon production supervision of marine ranching against a carbon-neutral background

IntroductionTheoretically and practically, studying the zero-carbon production supervision of marine ranching is crucial to the attainment of my country’s fishery carbon peak and carbon neutral goals.MethodsThis study introduces a third-party detection agency to construct a tripartite evolutionary game model based on the possibility of problems such as a lack of government supervision and imperfect detection mechanisms, through an analysis of the evolution stability and evolution path of each participant’s strategy choice, the mechanism of each element’s influence on the tripartite strategy choice is revealed, as well as the evolution law of the tripartite game.Results① The change in strategic choice of each participant is significantly influenced by the change in strategic choice of the other participants, and the comprehensive consideration of the maximization of the comprehensive value of each participant is conducive to the development of all three parties. ② Government efforts to increase low-carbon subsidies and penalties will aid in promoting the normative behavior of zero-carbon production by marine ranching businesses and the rejection of rent-seeking by third parties. ③The accountability of higher-level governments for the dereliction of duty of regulatory agencies is particularly important to enhance the robustness of zero-carbon production of marine ranching enterprises.DiscussionIn this study, the ideal state of carbon balance of Marine ranching enterprises is taken as the condition to establish a tripartite evolutionary game, and the numerical simulation analysis results based on the model’s evolutionary stable equilibrium put forward countermeasures and suggestions for the government to improve the supervision mechanism of zero-carbon production of Marine ranching. In order to provide reference for the development of the marine ranching industry and promote the realization of zero emissions in the production activities of the marine ranching industry.

The Role of Shari'ah Principles in Guaranteeing Halal Logistics: A Review

Shari'ah principles play an important role in ensuring that the activities of the Halal industry are conducted in a way that conforms to Islamic principles. Processing Halal products requires logistics that adhere to Shari'ah principles, from the raw material to the products used by consumers. A Shari'ah-compliant approach ensures Halal is guaranteed throughout the Halal logistics process. This paper aims to uncover the Shari'ah principles as a basic reference in implementing the logistics activity process and protecting Halal products from elements that can tarnish their Halal status. A review of conference papers, scientific journals, and related scientific books was done to achieve the goal. It is concluded that the principles of Shari'ah are important in Halal logistics so that the product is always guaranteed to be Halal. Customers will have a greater sense of confidence in their Halal products.

Development of a novel Electrical Industry Safety Risk Index (EISRI) in the electricity power distribution industry based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP)

Many workers are exposed to electrical energy during the fulfillment of their tasks. It is necessary to identify the potential risk factors for electrical damages. The present study aimed to develop a novel Electrical Industry Safety Risk Index (EISRI) in the electricity power distribution industry based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). In this study several different safety risk assessment methods were analyzed. Then, common activities in the electricity distribution industry were classified into ten occupational groups. To identify the general structure of risk assessment and determine three main components, including personal, environmental, and organizational a three-stage Delphi study was conducted with the participation of 30 experts. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process approach was used to weight the components and parameters in each job group. Finally, the results of the EISRI were compared with the failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) method. The most effective component in determining the risk level was the personal component (PC), with a 0.537 weighted average. Cronbach's alpha values for each of the personal, environmental, and organizational components and the entire model were 0.90, 0.85, 0.82, and 0.86, respectively, and model reliability was confirmed. The results obtained from the EISRI method were compared with the FMEA method, the results of both methods were very close to each other (p < 0.05). The results of this study revealed that the highest weighted average was related to the personal component due to the high impact of the human factors in carrying out activities in various occupations. The EISRI can be applied as a substitute for general risk assessment methods due to the suitability of this method with the nature of activities in this industry. The present technique can be a practical step toward developing suitable risk management algorithm.

Clustering Pelanggan Menggunakan Algoritma K-Means Clustering di 7 MCC (Industry) Credit Card PT Bank CIMB Niaga, Tbk.

Electronics &amp; gadgets, hotels, hospitals, groceries and F&amp;B are the 5 biggest transaction usage at PT Bank CIMB Niaga, Tbk. which focuses on shopping activities using a credit card. The number of customer visits fluctuates so much that it is difficult to determine customer interest in buying a product. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics, product categories and merchants in the top 5 MCC (Industry) at PT Bank CIMB Niaga, Tbk. using the K-Means Clustering algorithm. There are three variables, namely customer characteristics, product categories, and merchants. Data processing is assisted by the SPSS V.25 application. Loyal Electronics &amp; Gadgets customers are cluster 2. In addition, hotels also have loyal customers in cluster 6. Loyal Hospital customers are cluster 5. PT Bank CIMB Niaga, Tbk. (Card Business) is the 4th Book Bank in Indonesia which in the Usage Partnership Card Business Division focuses on shopping activities in various industries. The number of customer transactions is very fluctuating, making it difficult to determine customer interest in buying a product. The purpose of this research is to identify the characteristics, product categories and merchants in the top 5 transactions of CIMB Niaga credit card users in Indonesia using the K-Means Clustering algorithm. This article discusses how the grounded theory method is applied in a qualitative research. Qualitative research using the grounded theory method starts from data to achieve a theory and not starting from theory or to test a theory, so that in grounded theory research it is necessary to have various procedures or steps that are systematic and well planned. The qualitative research procedure using the grounded theory method consists of several stages, namely: a) the problem formulation stage, 2) the theoretical study application stage (if necessary), 3) the data collection and sampling stage, 4) the data analysis stage, and 5) the conclusion stage or report writing. However, the five stages of grounded theory research occur simultaneously. Researchers observe, collect and organize data and form theories from data at the same time. One of the important techniques in grounded theory research is the process of constant comparison in which each data is compared with all other data one by one. Data can be collected through interviews, observation, recording, or a combination of these methods. The quality of grounded theory research is largely determined by these steps which are carried out properly, correctly, and disciplined.

THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PRACTICES ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LEBANESE RESTAURANTS

There is a growing need for restaurants to explain their decisions and methods. More and more people are learning about the negative consequences that corporations' selfish exploitation of natural resources and human capital may have on whole communities and societies. As a result, the purpose of this study is to investigate whether or not CSR activities have any impact on the success of Lebanese restaurants financially. This study's overarching objective is to assess the connection between restaurant CSR practices and financial outcomes in Lebanon, especially in the areas of human resources, community, environment, and goods and consumers. The information was gathered from 27 different restaurants' CSR reports and yearly reports over a period of five years in Lebanon (2015 till 2020). The data acquired was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS, version 20) by methods of correlation and multilinear regression analysis. The findings reveal a substantial association between the aforementioned independent variables (CSR practices in human resources and CSR practices in goods and customers) and the (financial performance of restaurants, and CSR practices in the environment and CSR practices in the community) (financial performance of restaurants, and CSR practices in the environment and CSR practices in the community). This study offered a key addition to previous existing literature concerning CSR activities in Lebanese restaurants industry, while also establishing a platform for future studies. This study demonstrates the significance of CSR practices and how they may substantially affect the financial results of restaurants in Lebanon

LABOUR SAFETY, REQUIREMENTS AND REALITY

The article provides general statistics of accidents that occurred due to improper compliance with labor protection requirements, presents significant risks of harm to health when performing hazardous activities in the construction industry and the consequences of their occurrence. Along with this, unfavorable, but generally recognized real cases of attitudes towards labor protection during the construction or rehabilitation of roads are discussed. Recommendations are presented on changing the regulations of the current situation in accordance with the requirements

Semi-quantitative risk assessment of marine mammal oil exposure: A case study in the western Gulf of Mexico

Marine mammals are highly vulnerable to oil spills, although the effects at both individual and population levels are not fully understood. A first approximation to evaluate the possible consequences of oil spills on marine life is using ecological risk assessments, which are analytical tools used to assess the likelihood of adverse environmental effects due to exposure to stressors derived from human activities. We developed a semi-quantitative framework to evaluate the risk of oil spill exposure on marine mammals that combines the likelihood of exposure based on species-specific biological and ecological traits, and the feasibility of encounter, which considers not only the overlap between the distribution of the species and the total affected area by a spill but also considers the distribution of spilled oil within this area, thus reducing the uncertainty in the estimate. We applied our framework to assess the risk of exposure of eight cetaceans to scenarios of large heavy oil (API gravity&amp;lt;22) spills originating from three hypothetical deep-water wells in the western Gulf of Mexico. High habitat suitability areas obtained using the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) modeling approach were used as a proxy for the geographic regions where each species is likely to be distributed, and oil spill scenarios were generated using numerical models incorporating transport, dispersion, and oil degradation. The analysis allowed identifying those species for which there is a significant risk of exposure in each spill scenario. However, our results suggest that the risk does not appear to be high for any species under any scenario. The information generated by our risk assessment is key to developing management plans in those areas of the Gulf of Mexico where deep-water activities of the hydrocarbon industry are currently being developed or planned.

Denormalising alcohol industry activities in schools

Children's education and lives should be protected from the harmful influence of commercial interests. Yet the global alcohol industry is actively engaged in the provision of youth education about underage drinking. Previous research has revealed the concerning nature of these types of programmes, which echo industry narratives and sometimes distort the risk of harm.1 Despite these concerns the extent of alcohol industry influence in schools has received insufficient attention from public health actors.