Active Young Men Research Articles

Alexithymia, rash impulsiveness, and reward sensitivity in relation to symptoms of exercise dependence in physically active young adults

ABSTRACT Objective Exercise dependence refers to excessive exercise accompanied by addiction-like symptoms such as craving, tolerance, withdrawal, impaired control, and disruption of life domains. The present study investigated whether personality traits linked to substance and behavioural addictions show similar associations with symptoms of exercise dependence. Method Alexithymia and two forms of impulsivity, rash impulsiveness and reward sensitivity, were assessed in relation to exercise dependence symptoms in a sample of 99 physically active young adult men and women. Results All three traits showed significant positive correlations with exercise dependence symptoms and were significant predictors of such symptoms in a hierarchical regression model. Alexithymia was the strongest predictor and fully mediated the contribution of rash impulsiveness according to bootstrapped mediation analysis. Conclusions Findings suggest similar associations of addiction-linked traits with symptoms of exercise dependence and are discussed in terms of potential mechanisms. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) Exercise can become compulsive for some, with exercise dependence defined by addiction-like symptoms. (2) Alexithymia has been implicated as a risk factor for substance and behavioural addictions. (3) Two forms of impulsivity, rash impulsiveness and reward sensitivity, have been implicated as risk factors for substance and behavioural addictions. What this topic adds: (1) In physically active young adults, alexithymia was positively associated with symptoms of exercise dependence. (2) In physically active young adults, rash impulsiveness and reward sensitivity were positively associated with symptoms of exercise dependence. (3) Alexithymia fully explained the association of rash impulsiveness with exercise dependence symptoms.

Vitamin D and upper respiratory tract infections in young active males exposed to cold environments.

Performing indoor and outdoor work in cold environments may result in various adverse effects on human health and may lead to increased risk of respiratory infection. The aim of this study was to determine the relation of vitamin D status to secretory immunoglobulin A concentration, leucocyte counts, cytokine concentrations and incidence of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) episodes in young active men during an autumn-winter period. The effect of work in a cold microclimate was studied among 23 young active male ice hockey players during a 19-week study period. Blood and saliva samples were collected 7 times during the study period. Incidence of URTI was evaluated using WURSS 21. White blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil and basophil counts, concentrations of 25(OH)D, C-reactive protein, cortisol, IL-1ra, IL-10, IL-1β and immunoglobulins A, M and G, were determined in the blood. Secretory immunoglobulin A, A1 and A2 and cortisol were analysed in saliva. Spearman's correlations were used to evaluate relationships between initial or final 25(OH)D concentration and URTI incidence, as well as the immune and endocrine markers. Differences in URTI episodes, immune and endocrine parameters between sufficient ( ≥20 ng·ml -1) and deficient (<20 ng ·ml -1) vitamin D status groups were compared with the Mann-Whitney test. There were no statistically significant correlations between mucosal and blood markers or URTI incidence and initial and final 25(OH)D concentrations. Immune, endocrine and URTI variables did not differ between deficient and sufficient vitamin D status groups. 25(OH)D concentration has no impact on mucosal and systemic immunity, nor on URTI episodes.

Drop-Set Training Elicits Differential Increases in Non-Uniform Hypertrophy of the Quadriceps in Leg Extension Exercise

The study aimed to compare the effects of drop set resistance training (RT) versus traditional RT on markers of maximal muscle strength and regional hypertrophy of the quadriceps femoris. Sixteen recreationally active young men had one leg randomly assigned to the drop-set method (DS) and the other to training in a traditional manner (TRAD). Participants performed unilateral seated leg extensions using a periodized approach for eight weeks. Rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscle thickness (MT), estimated one repetition maximum (RM) in the unilateral knee extension, and peak and average isokinetic knee extension torque at 60°/s angular velocity were measured pre- and post-study. Both conditions increased muscle thickness of the RF and VL from pre- to post-intervention. DS showed statistically greater increases in the RF at 30% and 50% of muscle length, whereas no MT differences were detected at 70% muscle length nor at any aspect of the VL. Both DS and TRAD increased estimated one RM from pre- to post-study (+34.6% versus +32.0%, respectively) with no between-condition differences noted. Both conditions showed similar increases in peak torque (DS: +21.7%; TRAD: +22.5%) and average torque (DS: +23.6%; TRAD: +22.5%) from pre- to post-study. Our findings indicate a potential benefit of the drop-set method for inducing non-uniform hypertrophic gains in the RF muscle pursuant to leg extension training. The strategy did not promote an advantage in improving hypertrophy of the VL, nor in strength-related measures, compared to traditional training.

Different patterns and characteristics of Talar injuries at two main orthopedic trauma centers in Shiraz, south of Iran

BackgroundCategorizing different injury patterns of the talus, describing demographic data, mechanisms of injury and associated fractures are important issues in orthopedic trauma surgeries. Injuries of the talus require careful attention with appropriate treatment approaches in order to reduce possible complications.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, the demographic characteristics, mechanism of injury, fracture type, and associated fractures were compiled from all patients’ files and operation notes with diagnosis of talar injuries from January 2014 to December 2019.ResultsAmong 367 patients, 317 (86.4%) males and 50 (13.6%) females with mean age of 31.8 ± 11.6 years were identified. There were three (0.8%) patients with bilateral talar fractures. The most common mechanism of injury was motor vehicle accident (MVA) (46.1%), followed by falls (43.3%), direct trauma (6.2%) and sport injuries (4.4%). About half of the patients injured in MVAs were motorcyclists. Isolated talar body fractures (21.9%) were more common than isolated talar neck (19.2%) or combined body & neck fractures (14.6%). Isolated lateral process fracture is the most frequent fractured process of the talus (14.3%). Hawkin type IIA (39.2%) was the most common type of talar neck, followed by Hawkin type III (22.3%), type I (21.5%), type IIB (14.6%) and type IV (2.3%). Medial malleolus, fibula and calcaneus were the most common associated fractures, respectively.ConclusionsThe population that is most affected by talar injury are active young men who are involved in motor vehicle accidents, especially motorcycle crashes, with fracture of body and/or neck of talus being the most common type.

Exploring experience of and engagement in coercive pregnancy behaviors among sexually active young men from five clinics in Baltimore, MD

ObjectivesTo explore young men's perceived experience of coercive pregnancy behaviors by female partners, and engagement in and behavioral overlap of these occurrences in this sample. Study designHeterosexually active young men aged 15 to 24 (n = 39), recruited from 3 primary care and 2 sexually transmitted disease clinics in Baltimore, MD city over a 2-week period, were surveyed on their perceived experience of and engagement in coercive pregnancy behaviors, attitudes about women, and background characteristics. ResultsOf 130 invited, 66 (51%) agreed to participate, 39 of whom were heterosexual young men; 87% were non-Hispanic Black and 59% were aged 20 to 24. Eleven (28%) perceived one or more coercive pregnancy behaviors by a partner and nine (23%) engaged in one or more coercive behavior. Most (58%) agreed women are responsible for birth control decisions, but 55% believed women could not be trusted to tell the truth about contraceptive use and 68% believe women would like to get pregnant. ConclusionsOver one-third of young men in this sample perceived experience of coercive pregnancy behaviors by partners and/or engaged in these behaviors. Findings have implications for promoting healthy relationships among young people. ImplicationsThis study found over one-third of young men perceived experience of coercive pregnancy behaviors by partners and/or engaged in these behaviors. Findings highlight the need for research to include young men in examining coercive pregnancy behaviors. Findings also highlight the need to develop strategies to support educational and clinical approaches to address young men's role as partners in healthy contraceptive practices.

Stable to unstable differences in force–velocity-power profiling during chest presses and squats

Despite several studies investigating the effect of instability resistance exercises on neuromuscular performance, the force–velocity-power characteristics of muscles involved in lifting tasks and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully explored. This study investigates power-velocity and force–velocity relationships during resistance exercises performed on stable and unstable surfaces with different weights. A group of 63 physically active young men performed chest presses on the bench and Swiss ball, and squats on the firm surface and BOSU ball with weights from 20 kg to at least 85% of one-repetition maximum. Peak and/or mean values of power, velocity and force were analyzed. Results showed significantly lower peak power and force during chest presses on the Swiss ball as opposed to the bench at lower velocities (147.6 W and 176.0 N at 1.1 m·s−1, 108.7 W and 126.4 N at 1.3 m·s−1, 112.0 W and 72.7 N at 1.5 m·s−1; all at p < 0.01). Their values produced at lower velocities were also significantly lower during squats on the BOSU ball when compared to the firm surface (232.2 W and 257.1 N at 1.1 m·s−1, 228.2 W and 173.3 N at 1.2 m·s−1, 245.1 W and 156.8 N at 1.3 m·s−1, 254.5 W and 113.5 N at 1.4 m·s−1; all at p < 0.05). These significant differences between power produced during stable and unstable resistance exercises at lower velocities (or at higher loads) have to be taken into account in sports that require production of a high force in a short time. Because of the variable loading patterns under unstable conditions, it is necessary to quantify the optimal exercise load for each individual athlete.

Coconut inflorescence sap enhances exercise performance and plasma antioxidant status in young active men

PurposeNutrition has been increasingly recognized as a key component to optimal sports performance. Though several botanical agents have been reported to possess ergogenic potential, there exists a great interest for tasty and safe natural substances as performance boosters. In the present contribution, the ergogenic potential of a novel powder form of coconut inflorescence sap (CSP) was investigated for the first time. MethodOut of the fourteen participants recruited, twelve recreationally active men completed the single-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover study for 8 weeks. Running based anaerobic sprint test (RAST) and 2.4 km running test were performed as anaerobic and aerobic tests, respectively. In arm 1, the participants were received with either placebo (200 mL water containing 400 mg aspartame/day) or CSP (3 g in 200 mL water/day) for 21 days. After the washout period, arm 2 was performed with a reversed treatment regime. VO2 max was estimated using a predictive formula. ResultsThe primary outcome showed a significant enhancement in peak power and mean power (peak power from 3.67 W/kg b. wt. to 5.38 W/kg b. wt.; mean power from 3.47 W/kg b. wt. to 5.06 W/kg b. wt.). A significant (p < 0.001) increase in VO2 max among CSP condition compared to the placebo was observed (from 59.38 ± 2.15 mL/kg/min to 62.56 ± 0.52 mL/kg/min). Further, serum analysis revealed enhanced antioxidant status and reduced lactate dehydrogenase (p < 0.01) levels without any significant changes (p > 0.05) in safety parameters. ConclusionIt was concluded that CSP possesses significant ergogenic effect and may find wide application as a natural ingredient for sports nutrition and energy drinks. Trail RegistrationThe study was registered in Clinical Trial Registry of India (Reg No.: CTRI/2018/03/012551 dated 13/03/2018).

The Acute Effects of a Relative Dose of Pre-Sleep Protein on Recovery Following Evening Resistance Exercise in Active Young Men.

The purpose of the present study was to assess the acute effects of pre-sleep consumption of isocaloric casein protein (CP), CP and whey protein (BLEND), or non-caloric control (CTRL) at a dose relative to lean body mass (LBM) on recovery following an evening lower-body resistance exercise (RE) bout. Fifteen active and previously resistance-trained males (age: 21 ± 1 years, body fat: 14.2 ± 2.7%) participated in this randomized, single-blind, crossover study. Participants performed an evening lower-body RE bout and were provided with 0.4 g/kg/LBM of whey protein (WP) supplement post-RE. A single dose of 0.6 g/kg/LBM of CP, 0.4 g/kg/LBM of CP and 0.2 g/kg/LBM WP (BLEND), or CTRL was consumed 30 min prior to sleep. Measurements of perceived recovery (visual analogue scales (VAS) for recovery, soreness, and fatigue), appetite (VAS for hunger, satiety, and desire to eat), as well as pressure-pain threshold (dolorimeter), average power, and peak torque (isokinetic dynamometry) of the right thigh muscles were assessed the following morning. Main effects of time were seen for all recovery variables (perceived recovery: F2,28 = 96.753, p < 0.001, hp2 = 0.874; perceived fatigue: F2,28 = 76.775, p < 0.001; hp2 = 0.846; perceived soreness: F2,28 = 111.967, p < 0.001; hp2 = 0.889). A main effect of supplement was only seen for perceived recovery (F2,28 = 4.869; p = 0.015; hp2 = 0.258), with recovery being 6.10 ± 2.58 mm greater in CP vs. BLEND (p = 0.033) and 7.51 ± 2.28 mm greater in CP than CTRL (p = 0.005). No main effects of supplement were seen in measures of perceived soreness, or fatigue (F2,28 ≤ 2.291; p > 0.120; hp2 ≤ 0.141). No differences between supplements were found in perceived next-morning hunger (p = 0.06), satiety (p ≥ 0.227), or desire to eat (p = 0.528). Main effects of supplement were seen between BLEND and CP vs. CTRL for measures of pain-pressure threshold at the rectus femoris (F2,28 = 9.377; p = 0.001; hp2 = 0.401), the vastus lateralis (F2,28 = 10.887; p < 0.001; hp2 = 0.437), and the vastus medialis (F2,28 = 12.113, p < 0.001; hp2 = 0.464). Values of peak torque and average power were similar between all supplement groups at 60°/sec (F1.309,18.327 ≤ 1.994; p ≥ 0.173; hp2 ≤ 0.125), 180°/s (F2,28 ≤ 1.221; p ≥ 0.310; hp2 ≤ 0.080), and 300°/sec (F2,28 ≤ 2.854; p ≥ 0.074; hp2 ≤ 0.169). Pre-sleep consumption of CP and BLEND at a dose relative to LBM may enhance perceived overnight recovery to a greater extent than CTRL as a result of less muscle soreness the following morning after an acute evening RE bout.

Cardiac-autonomic and hemodynamic responses to a hypertonic, sugar-sweetened sports beverage in physically active men

Hydration practices may confound heart rate variability (HRV) measurements when collected in the pre-training period. We aimed to determine the effects of ingesting a hypertonic, sugar-sweetened sports beverage on HRV and hemodynamic parameters in physically active young men. Fifteen subjects consumed 591mL of Gatorade (6% carbohydrate, ∼330 mOsmol/kg), 591mL water, or 10mL water (control) in random order on separate days following overnight fasting. HRV and hemodynamics were evaluated in 5-min windows immediately before (T1) and 5-10min (T2), 25-30min (T3), 40-45min (T4), and 55-60min (T5) post-drinking. Root-mean square of successive differences and the standard deviation of normal RR intervals increased post-water intake at all time-points relative to T1 (P< 0.05). No increases were observed post-Gatorade intake, though small effect sizes were noted at T2 and T3 (P> 0.05, ES = 0.27-0.32). Systemic vascular resistance increased at T2 post-Gatorade intake and at T2 and T3 post-water intake (P< 0.05). No interactions were observed for blood pressure measures, stroke volume, or cardiac output. Gatorade does not evoke cardiovascular adjustments to the same magnitude as water. Practitioners should wait at least 45min to record HRV post-Gatorade intake and >60min post-water intake. Novelty: Equal volumes of cold water and Gatorade produce inequivalent cardiac-autonomic and hemodynamic responses. HRV responses of greater amplitude and duration were observed following intake of water versus Gatorade. Failure to account for recent fluid intake may result in misinterpretation of autonomic status.

Effectiveness of preventive measures for increased abrasion of hard dental tissues and its complications in young people involved in athletic gymnastics

BACKGROUND: Currently, there is an increased interest of young people in fitness, strength sports, as well as a desire to be in excellent physical shape. However, the influence of amateur sports loads using large weights on the condition of the dental system of young people has been little studied.&#x0D; AIM: The article analyzes the effectiveness of combined treatment, using an occlusive splint, of dental disorders in young people engaged in athletic gymnastics. The results of the study showed that the proposed method, which prevents the progressive auto-destruction of hard dental tissues in young men, improves the condition of periodontal tissues, primarily the gums, as well as the functional parameters of the temporomandibular joint dysfunction and masticatory muscles.&#x0D; MATERIALS AND METHODS: All the examined patients were divided into two groups. The observation group included 62 young men who regularly engage in athletic gymnastics, of which 31 people used individual occlusal tires during training (patent No. 188470 of April 15, 2019) and 31 people who continued sports training without tires.&#x0D; Research methods, tools used, equipment. In the course of the study, inspection, probing, and evaluation were performed according to the criteria of the KPU and KPUp indices, the Green-Vermillion hygiene Index (1964), and increased erasability was evaluated using the Smith-Knight index (1984), also used the enamel resistance test according to the method of V.R. Okushko, L.I. Kosareva, and I.K. Lutskaya (1984), the papillary-marginal alveolar indices in the Parma modification (1960) and the complex periodontal index according to P.A. Leus (1988), and the morpho-functional diagnosis of the temporomandibular joint using the Lira-100 device (NMBT Group, Russia).&#x0D; Methods of research-surface electromyography on the Synapse device (Neurotech, Russia), odontometry (caliper ADA Mechanic 150, China).&#x0D; RESULTS: The study showed that the activities of young men in gyms with large weights contribute to the development of a number of dental disorders.&#x0D; СONCLUSION: The inclusion of an occlusive splint used by young people during sports activities in the complex of therapeutic and preventive measures contributes to the positive dynamics of the state of dental status.

Suplementação aguda de arginina não influencia na hipotensão pós-exercício aeróbico

This study evaluated the effects of acute arginine supplementation (ARG) on post-exercise hypotension (HPE). For this, 12 physically active young men participated in this randomized, double-blind crossover clinical trial. All were submitted to two experimental conditions (ARG or placebo – PLA). 45 minutes after supplementation, all participants performed 30 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (70-75% of reserve heart rate). Heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured before, 30 and 60 minutes after exercise. In comparison with pre-exercise means, there was a lower systolic blood pressure until to 60 min post-exercise (117.3±6.5 vs. 109.6±7.2 mmHg, p=0.001), lower mean arterial blood pressure (89.1±7.0 vs. 83.8±8.2 mmHg, p=0.024), increased heart rate (67.1±11.9 vs. 84.8±6.8 bpm, p=0.001) and the double product (7988±1372 vs. 9734±990 mmHg.bpm, p=0.006) until 30 min post-exercise. However, there was no significant difference between experimental conditions. Using the methods applied, our results demonstrated no effect of acute ARG supplementation on aerobic HPE in physically active young men.

Is individual day-to-day variation of arterial stiffness associated with variation of maximal aerobic performance?

BackgroundMaximal aerobic capacity, e.g. maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max), is not constant, and it has a time-dependent variation based on the condition of individual. On the other hand, arterial properties play an important role in determining aerobic performance, and lower arterial stiffness is associated with higher cardiorespiratory fitness levels. This study examined whether individual variations in maximal aerobic performance are associated with arterial stiffness.MethodsTwenty-four (mean age, 19.8 ± 0.2 y) and 10 (mean age, 21.2 ± 0.2 y) recreationally active young men and women participated in Experiment 1 (Ex1) and in Experiment 2 (Ex2), respectively. Aerobic performance was assessed using a graded power test (Ex1) or a 1500-m time trial (Ex2). Simultaneously, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was measured as an index of arterial stiffness in both Ex1 and Ex2 before the exercise trials. In both experiments, subjects returned for measurement of baPWV and V̇O2max or 1500-m time trial at 1 month after first measurements.ResultsNo significant differences in mean baPWV, V̇O2max or 1500-m run time were seen between first and second visits. Mean baPWV was significantly lower on days when participants showed higher V̇O2max or better 1500-m run time (P = 0.001 each) than on days when participants showed lower V̇O2max or worse 1500-m run time. In addition, a significant relationship was seen between individual changes in baPWV from first to second visits and changes in V̇O2max (P=0.0001) or 1500-m run time (P=0.04).ConclusionThese findings suggest that individual day-to-day variations in maximal aerobic performance are associated with variations in arterial stiffness.

ПСИХОФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ МАРКЕРЫ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ГОТОВНОСТИ К ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ В СТРЕССОВЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ

The article discusses the influence of inhibitory processes as psychophysiological characteristics that can influence the development of psychological readiness for activity in young men and women in modern stressful conditions. Inhibitory control is considered as a psychophysiological characteristic responsible for cognitive inhibition and suppression of a certain type of behavior. In the study presented in the article, the level of resilience and viability and inhibitory control is recorded. To achieve the goal of the study, the following methods were selected: “Resilience Test” (D.A. Leontiev, E.I. Rasskazova), which is an adaptation of the Hardiness Survey questionnaire, developed by the American psychologist S. Maddi. The use of this method allowed us to deter-mine the respondents ' level of resilience. Since there are a number of studies indicating that re-silience is often due to the viability of a person, we used the method of assessing the quality of life “Sf-36 Health Status Survey”as an auxiliary tool (I.A. Guidarov, V.A. Polessky). The as-sessment of the braking control in the respondents was carried out by means of the reflexometric technique “ReBOS” (author-developer: E.G. Vergunov), which allows us to evaluate the param-eters of both simple and complex sensorimotor reactions. According to the number of errors made during the experimental study, the respondents form a diagnostic opinion about the level of formation of the brake control. The results obtained suggest that not all young men and wom-en who took part in the pilot experimental study have the proper level of resilience and are able to independently build a behavior strategy that allows them to effectively counteract stressful situations. Boys and girls with a low level of resilience demonstrate a low level of formation of brake control, boys and girls who have a higher level of resilience have a more plastic nervous system, which indicates a higher level of formation of brake control. It can be assumed that these students have more pronounced adaptive capabilities in a changing environment.

СТУДЕНТ XXI ВЕКА: РЕАЛИИ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РОССИЙСКОЙ ДЕЙСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТИ

The article presents the main principles of forming the socio-psychological characteristics of a student of the XXI century and the main trends of its development in the realities of modern Russian reality. The article analyzes external and internal factors that determined the place of higher education and higher education institutions in the life of the population, in particular, young people, assesses the consequences of these factors on the student's personal portrait, and describes the historical background of their appearance on the basis of political and economic transformations in the country. The author formulates his own conclusions about changes in the socio-psychological portraits of students in our country compared to the youth of the Soviet period. Students, being an integral part of young people, are a special socio-demographic group that is characterized by special living, working and everyday conditions, a system of value orientations, social behaviour and psychology. Many characteristics of a modern student coincide with the representatives of students at the end of the last century: this is their main activity (to study and attend an educational institution), but the psychological and social portrait of a modern student does not coincide with the traditional one. The article presents statistical data, researchers' opinions on the learning process, readiness to participate in solving the most important problems of modern youth, and ways to implement their goals. As a result, a generalized portrait of a modern student is modeled. This is an active young man who is concerned not only with the problems of students, but also with problems related to the development of society. The main values of a modern student are: health, family, material prosperity.

Caffeine Exacerbates Hyperventilation and Reductions in Cerebral Blood Flow in Physically Fit Men Exercising in the Heat.

Caffeine is an exercise performance enhancer widely used by individuals engaged in training or competition under heat-stressed conditions. Caffeine ingestion during exercise in the heat is believed to be safe because it does not greatly affect body temperature responses, heart rate, or body fluid status. However, it remains unknown whether caffeine affects hyperthermia-induced hyperventilation or reductions in the cerebral blood flow index. We tested the hypothesis that under conditions inducing severe hyperthermia, caffeine exacerbates hyperthermia-induced hyperventilation and reduces the cerebral blood flow index during exercise. Using a randomized, single-blind, crossover design, 12 physically active healthy young men (23 ± 2 yr) consumed a moderate dose of caffeine (5 mg·kg-1) or placebo in the heat (37°C). Approximately 60 min after the ingestion, they cycled for ~45 min at a workload equal to ~55% of their predetermined peak oxygen uptake (moderate intensity) until their core temperature increased to 2.0°C above its preexercise baseline level. In both trials, ventilation increased and the cerebral blood flow index assessed by middle cerebral artery mean blood velocity decreased as core temperature rose during exercise (P < 0.05), indicating that hyperthermia-induced hyperventilation and lowering of the cerebral blood flow occurred. When core temperature was elevated by 1.5°C or more (P < 0.05), ventilation was higher and the cerebral blood flow was lower throughout the caffeine trial than the placebo trial (P < 0.05). A moderate dose of caffeine exacerbates hyperthermia-induced hyperventilation and reductions in the cerebral blood flow index during exercise in the heat with severe hyperthermia.

Influence of the lifestyle of a patient with chronic prostatitis on its quality

Introduction. Currently, the quality of life of the patient is regarded as a primary criterion and is certainly assessed as an important parameter of the overall effectiveness of treatment. Purpose of the study. To assess the quality of life and the severity of symptoms in young active men with chronic abacterial prostatitis IIIa category. Materials and methods. 105 patients were divided into two groups: the 1st is mobile, who had 15 and more air flights during the year, and the 2nd is not mobile. Quality of life and symptoms were assessed using the National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) scale. Additionally, the quality of life was assessed by the adapted MOS SF-36 questionnaire. Results. Patients whose work was associated with frequent business trips showed more intense pain and therefore lower quality of life. The total score on the scale of chronic prostatitis symptoms in mobile patients was also one and a half times higher. They significantly more often relapse of the disease developed. Conclusion . Frequent flights affect the symptoms of chronic prostatitis negatively. Additional research is needed to find methods for correcting this aggravating factor.

Psychosocial factors related to physical activity in young men: A study of male students studying health care in their graduating year

Psychosocial factors related to physical activity in young men: A study of male students studying health care in their graduating year

An Intramuscular Injection of Mixed Testosterone Esters Does Not Acutely Enhance Strength and Power in Recreationally Active Young Men

Purpose: Limited data are available on the acute performance-enhancing effects of single-dose administration of testosterone in healthy humans. Studies of testosterone administrations to healthy humans are rare due to the difficult nature and necessity of close clinical monitoring. However, our unique physiological experimental facilities combined with close endocrinological collaboration have allowed us to safely complete such a study. We tested the hypothesis that an intramuscular injection of 250 mg mixed testosterone esters (TEs) enhances physical performance in strength and power exercises acutely, measured 24 h after injection. Additionally, we investigated whether the basal serum testosterone concentration influences the performance in countermovement jump (CMJ), 30-s all out cycle sprint, and one-arm isometric elbow flexion.Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, 19 eugonadal men received either a TE (n = 9, 23 ± 1 years, 183 ± 7 cm, 83 ± 10 kg) or a PLA (n = 10, 25 ± 2 years, 186 ± 6 cm, 82 ± 14 kg) injection. Hormonal levels and the performance in CMJ, 30-s all out cycle sprint, and one-arm isometric elbow flexion were measured before and 24 h after injection.Results: Firstly, an intramuscular injection of 250 mg mixed TEs did not enhance the vertical jump height in a CMJ test, peak power, mean power, and fatigue index in a 30-s all-out cycle sprint or rate of force development and maximal voluntary contraction in a one-arm isometric elbow flexion 24 h post-injection. Secondly, baseline testosterone levels appeared not to influence performance in strength and power exercises to a large extent in healthy, recreationally active young men.Conclusion: A single intramuscular injection of 250 mg mixed TEs has no acute ergogenic effects on strength and power performance in recreationally active, young men. This novel information has implication for basic physiological understanding. Whether the same applies to an elite athlete population remains to be determined. If so, this would have implications for anti-doping efforts aiming to determine the most cost-efficient testing programs.

Erectile Dysfunction in a Sample of Sexually Active Young Adult Men from a U.S. Cohort: Demographic, Metabolic and Mental Health Correlates.

Little is understood about physiological and psychological correlates of erectile dysfunction among younger men. We examined prevalence and correlates of erectile dysfunction in a large U.S. sample of 18 to 31-year-old men. Erectile dysfunction prevalence and severity (defined using the International Index of Erectile Function-5 scale) were examined in cross-sectional survey data from 2,660 sexually active men, age 18 to 31 years, from the 2013 Growing Up Today Study. Erectile dysfunction medication and supplement use were self-reported. Multivariable models estimated associations of moderate-to-severe erectile dysfunction with demographic (age, marital status), metabolic (body mass index, waist circumference, history of diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia) and mental health (depression, anxiety, antidepressant use, tranquilizer use) variables. Among sexually active men 11.3% reported mild erectile dysfunction and 2.9% reported moderate-to-severe erectile dysfunction. Married/partnered men had 65% lower odds of erectile dysfunction compared to single men. Adjusting for history of depression, antidepressant use was associated with more than 3 times the odds of moderate-to-severe erectile dysfunction. Anxiety was associated with greater odds of moderate-to-severe erectile dysfunction, as was tranquilizer use. Few men (2%) reported using erectile dysfunction medication or supplements. However, among them, 29.7% misused prescription erectile dysfunction medication. Limitations include reliance upon cross-sectional data and the sample's limited racial/ethnic and socioeconomic diversity. Erectile dysfunction was common in a large sample of sexually active young adult men from a U.S. cohort and was associated with relationship status and mental health. Health providers should screen for erectile dysfunction in young men, and monitor use of prescription erectile dysfunction medications and supplements for sexual functioning.

The Effect of Eccentric Resistance Training with and Without Blood Flow Restriction on Serum IL6 and MMP9 Levels in Young Active Men

Background: It has been assumed that during and after BFR exercises, many blood factors are activated and angiogenesis response is stimulated in the arteries. Objectives: Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the effect of two eccentric resistance training methods with and without blood flow restriction on serum IL6 and MMP9 levels in active young men. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 16 healthy men with a mean age of 27.8 ± 2.85 (years), the weight of 79.4 ± 12.4 (kg), and a body mass index of 25.5 ± 3.7 (kg/m2) were randomly assigned to either low-intensity eccentric group with BFR or the high-intensity eccentric without BFR. The high-intensity (70% - 80% maximum voluntary contraction MVC) eccentric exercise without BFR included 3 - 5 cycles of eccentric contraction of the quadriceps muscles, up to exhaustion, whereas low-intensity eccentric exercise executed similar exercise modality at intensity of 20% - 30% MVC with blood flow restriction up to exhaustion. Blood samples were taken from antecubital both before and after the exercise to measure serum IL6 and MMP9 values using the ELISA method. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and analysis of variance with repeated measure test in SPSS version 22. A P value of &lt; 0.05 was defined as statistically significant. Results: High-intensity resistance per se and low-intensity resistance exercise with BFR similarly resulted in a non-significant reduction of IL-6 and elevated levels of MMP-9 serum levels in active young men. Conclusions: Overall, the results indicated that a low-intensity resistance exercise session with restricted blood flow and a high-intensity resistance exercise without blood flow restriction equally did not affect IL6 and MMP9 serum of active young men. Further studies are needed to clarify the exact exercise modality that sufficiently stimulates angiogenesis.