Active Complex Research Articles

High-area alumina supported Cu-Ce atomic species for water-gas shift reaction.

Atomically dispersed cerium species, anchored to high-area alumina by unsaturated penta-coordinated aluminum, strongly interact with atomically dispersed Cu species to provide active centers for water-gas shift reaction (WGSR). The alumina-anchored Ce3+ species stabilize atomically dispersed Cu+ to form Cu+-Ce3+ active complexes and they work synergistically to enhance low-temperature WGSR activity. This work offers alternative approaches to developing low-cost catalysts for the WGSR process.

Occupational complexity of paid work and housework, and its impact on the cognitive performance in community dwelling older adults, preliminary results.

The present study aimed to assess the impact of occupational complexity and household tasks in three cognitive domains (verbal episodic memory, language, and executive functions) in older adults residing within the community. A trail analysis was executed, using the structural equations procedure in 120 participants assessed with main lifetime occupational activity and household tasks questionnaire, as well as a neuropsychological assessment battery for memory, language, and executive functions. The regression weights analysis indicated that complexity in household chores showed moderate effects on executive functions (β=0.19; p=0.027) and that occupational complexity of paid work showed effects on memory (β=0.26; p=0.008), language (β=0.38; p<0.001), and executive functions (β=0.55; p<0.001). Paid work promotes cognitive reserve, contrary to household activities which seem to have a moderate impact on cognition. Differences in activity complexity not only impact people´s economic and social status and possibilities but can also determine different courses of aging and cognitive risk.

Bimetallic Pd/Cu complexes of pyridylchalcogenolates and catalytic activity in Sonogashira reaction

The heterobimetallic complexes [{Pd(PPh3)2(4-Epy)2}{Cu(PPh3)2Cl}2] (E = S, Se) were synthesized from the CuI complex [CuCl(PPh3)3] and “metallo-ligands” [PdCl(PPh3)2(4-Epy)] (1) and [Pd(PPh3)2(4-Epy)2] (2) (Epy– = 4-pyridylchalcogenolate; E = S or Se).)....

Multiplication complexity in education activities with fair use principle of copyright in Indonesia

Multiplication complexity in education activities with fair use principle of copyright in Indonesia

Coordination-induced bond weakening and small molecule activation by low-valent titanium complexes.

Bond activation of small molecules through coordination to low valent metal complexes in M⋯X-H type interactions (where X = O, N, B, Si, etc.) leads to the formation of unusually weak X-H bonds and provides a powerful approach for the synthesis of target compounds under very mild conditions. Coordination of small molecules like water, amides, silanes, boranes, and dinitrogen to Ti(III) or Ti(II) complexes results in the synergetic redistribution of electrons between the metal orbitals and the ligand orbitals which weakens and enables the facile cleavage of the X-H or N-N bonds of the ligands. This review presents an overview of coordination-induced bond activation of small molecules by low valent titanium complexes. In particular, the applications of low valent titanium-induced bond weakening in nitrogen fixation are presented. The review concludes with potential future directions for work in this area including low-valent Ti-based PCET systems, photocatalytic nitrogen reduction, and approaches to tailoring complexes for optimal bond activation.

A novel methodology for emotion recognition through 62-lead EEG signals: multilevel heterogeneous recurrence analysis.

Recognizing emotions from electroencephalography (EEG) signals is a challenging task due to the complex, nonlinear, and nonstationary characteristics of brain activity. Traditional methods often fail to capture these subtle dynamics, while deep learning approaches lack explainability. In this research, we introduce a novel three-phase methodology integrating manifold embedding, multilevel heterogeneous recurrence analysis (MHRA), and ensemble learning to address these limitations in EEG-based emotion recognition. The proposed methodology was evaluated using the SJTU-SEED IV database. We first applied uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) for manifold embedding of the 62-lead EEG signals into a lower-dimensional space. We then developed MHRA to characterize the complex recurrence dynamics of brain activity across multiple transition levels. Finally, we employed tree-based ensemble learning methods to classify four emotions (neutral, sad, fear, happy) based on the extracted MHRA features. Our approach achieved high performance, with an accuracy of 0.7885 and an AUC of 0.7552, outperforming existing methods on the same dataset. Additionally, our methodology provided the most consistent recognition performance across different emotions. Sensitivity analysis revealed specific MHRA metrics that were strongly associated with each emotion, offering valuable insights into the underlying neural dynamics. This study presents a novel framework for EEG-based emotion recognition that effectively captures the complex nonlinear and nonstationary dynamics of brain activity while maintaining explainability. The proposed methodology offers significant potential for advancing our understanding of emotional processing and developing more reliable emotion recognition systems with broad applications in healthcare and beyond.

A simultaneous time and fuel minimization robust possibilistic multiobjective programming approach for truck-sharing scheduling in container terminals under uncertainty

The issue of integrated scheduling and sequencing operation of unloading and loading equipment in container ports has been one of the most important issues concerning time efficiency. In addition, with the emergence of green harbor concepts, the inclusion of criteria for minimizing energy consumption, fuel and emission reduction are among the other issues that have been noticed by planners in the field of energy efficiency. Furthermore, due to the complexity and scope of activities of a container terminal, uncertainty in operational parameters such as transportation time, time of readiness and entry of work into the system and the velocity of the transportation fleet are inevitable in this operational environment. Therefore, this research with the aim of sharing trucks among loading and unloading equipment, proposes a robust multi-objective integer programming model for the synchronized scheduling of truck operations with other handling equipment to decrease the fuel consumption of trucks and the flow time of containers, considering the uncertainty in operational parameters as fuzzy numbers. To find the Pareto solutions for this model, the ε-Constraint technique is employed. Finally, the performance of the model in deterministic and uncertain modes is evaluated, compared and analyzed employing the inputs gathered from Shahid Rajaei port. The findings demonstrate that using this model will result in a substantial decrease in both fuel consumption and flow time of containers in comparison to the current procedure. Additionally, results will demonstrate the extent to which the terminal's fuel and time consumption will increase under conditions of uncertainty in operational parameters when the optimal plans derived from the robust model are implemented.

A minimal RNA substrate with dual fluorescent probes enables rapid kinetics and provides insight into bacterial RNase P active site interactions.

Bacterial ribonuclease P (RNase P) is a tRNA processing endonuclease that occurs primarily as a ribonucleoprotein with a catalytic RNA subunit (P RNA). As one of the first ribozymes discovered, P RNA is a well-studied model system for understanding RNA catalysis and substrate recognition. Extensive structural and biochemical studies have revealed the structure of RNase P bound to precursor tRNA (ptRNA) and product tRNA. These studies also helped to define active site residues and propose the molecular interactions that are involved in substrate binding and catalysis. However, a detailed quantitative model of the reaction cycle that includes the structures of intermediates and the process of positioning active site metal ions for catalysis is lacking. To further this goal, we used a chemically modified minimal RNA duplex substrate (MD1) to establish a kinetic framework for measuring the functional effects of P RNA active site mutations. Substitution of U69, a critical nucleotide involved in active site Mg2+ binding, was found to reduce catalysis >500-fold as expected, but had no measurable effect on ptRNA binding kinetics. In contrast, the same U69 mutations had little effect on catalysis in Ca2+ compared to reactions containing native Mg2+ ions. CryoEM structures and SHAPE mapping suggested increased flexibility of U69 and adjacent nucleotides in Ca2+ compared to Mg2+. These results support a model in which slow catalysis in Ca2+ is due to inability to engage U69. These studies establish a set of experimental tools to analyze RNase P kinetics and mechanism and can be expanded to gain new insights into the assembly of the active RNase P-ptRNA complex.

Oxygen sensitivity of [FeFe]-hydrogenase: a comparative study of active site mimics inside vs. outside the enzyme.

[FeFe]-hydrogenase is nature's most efficient proton reducing and H2-oxidizing enzyme. However, biotechnological applications are hampered by the O2 sensitivity of this metalloenzyme, and the mechanism of aerobic deactivation is not well understood. Here, we explore the oxygen sensitivity of four mimics of the organometallic active site cofactor of [FeFe]-hydrogenase, [Fe2(adt)(CO)6-x(CN)x]x- and [Fe2(pdt)(CO)6-x(CN)x]x- (x = 1, 2) as well as the corresponding cofactor variants of the enzyme by means of infrared, Mössbauer, and NMR spectroscopy. Additionally, we describe a straightforward synthetic recipe for the active site precursor complex Fe2(adt)(CO)6. Our data indicate that the aminodithiolate (adt) complex, which is the synthetic precursor of the natural active site cofactor, is most oxygen sensitive. This observation highlights the significance of proton transfer in aerobic deactivation, and supported by DFT calculations facilitates an identification of the responsible reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, we show that the ligand environment of the iron ions critically influences the reactivity with O2 and ROS like superoxide and H2O2 as the oxygen sensitivity increases with the exchange of ligands from CO to CN-. The trends in aerobic deactivation observed for the model complexes are in line with the respective enzyme variants. Based on experimental and computational data, a model for the initial reaction of [FeFe]-hydrogenase with O2 is developed. Our study underscores the relevance of model systems in understanding biocatalysis and validates their potential as important tools for elucidating the chemistry of oxygen-induced deactivation of [FeFe]-hydrogenase.

Enhancing isoprene polymerization with high activity and adjustable monomer enchainment using cyclooctyl-fused iminopyridine iron precatalysts.

In this study, a series of structurally rigid cyclooctyl-fused iminopyridine iron complexes, [L2FeCl][FeCl4] and [2L3Fe][Cl][3FeCl4], was synthesized via a one-pot method and investigated as precatalysts in conjunction with methylaluminoxane for isoprene (Ip) polymerization. Combined characterization through FTIR analysis, elemental analysis and single crystal XRD analysis fully verified the structure of these complexes. The most active iron complex, FeH, exhibited a trisligated nature, with its cation adopting an octahedral geometry around the metal center. In contrast, all the other iron complexes (Fe2Me, Fe2Et, Fe2iPr, Fe3Me, Fe2Et,Me) displayed bisligated configurations, with distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry of cations. During isoprene polymerization, the extent of steric hindrance of the ligand framework exerted a significant impact on catalytic performance. The FeH precatalyst with less steric hindrance demonstrated excellent performance, producing high molecular weight polyisoprenes with conversions exceeding 99% for 4000 equiv. of monomer. Even at very low catalyst loadings, as low as 0.0025 mol% (Fe/Ip), the polymerization of isoprene could proceed smoothly with an exceptionally high activity of 4.0 × 106 gPI (molFe, h)-1. Moreover, this precatalyst exhibited good thermal stability, maintaining high activity levels (typically 105 gPI (molFe, h)-1) across a broad temperature range from -20 °C to 100 °C. Additionally, by adjusting steric substituents and the reaction temperature, the 1,4/3,4 regioselectivity could be modulated from 9/91 to 69/31 while maintaining a high stereoselectivity of cis-1,4 structures (cis/trans: >99/1).

Differential transmetallation of complexes of the anti-cancer thiosemicarbazone, Dp4e4mT: effects on anti-proliferative efficacy, redox activity, oxy-myoglobin and oxy-hemoglobin oxidation.

The di-2-pyridylthiosemicarbazone (DpT) analogs demonstrate potent and selective anti-proliferative activity against human tumors. The current investigation reports the synthesis and chemical and biological characterization of the Fe(iii), Co(iii), Ni(ii), Cu(ii), Zn(ii), Ga(iii), and Pd(ii) complexes of the promising second generation DpT analog, di-2-pyridylketone-4-ethyl-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (Dp4e4mT). These studies demonstrate that the Dp4e4mT Co(iii), Ni(ii), and Pd(ii) complexes display distinct biological activity versus those with Cu(ii), Zn(ii), and Ga(iii) regarding anti-proliferative efficacy against cancer cells and a detrimental off-target effect involving oxidation of oxy-myoglobin (oxy-Mb) and oxy-hemoglobin (oxy-Hb). With regards to anti-proliferative activity, the Zn(ii) and Ga(iii) Dp4e4mT complexes demonstrate facile transmetallation with Cu(ii), resulting in efficacy against tumor cells that is strikingly similar to the Dp4e4mT Cu(ii) complex (IC50: 0.003-0.006 μM and 72 h). Relative to the Zn(ii) and Ga(iii) Dp4e4mT complexes, the Dp4e4mT Ni(ii) complex demonstrates kinetically slow transmetallation with Cu(ii) and intermediate anti-proliferative effects (IC50: 0.018-0.076 μM after 72 h). In contrast, the Co(iii) and Pd(ii) complexes demonstrate poor anti-proliferative activity (IC50: 0.262-1.570 μM after 72 h), probably due to a lack of transmetallation with Cu(ii). The poor efficacy of the Dp4e4mT Co(iii), Ni(ii), and Pd(ii) complexes to transmetallate with Fe(iii) markedly suppresses the oxidation of oxy-Mb and oxy-Hb. In contrast, the 2 : 1 Dp4e4mT: Cu(ii), Zn(ii), and Ga(iii) complexes demonstrate facile reactions with Fe(iii), leading to the redox active Dp4e4mT Fe(iii) complex and oxy-Mb and oxy-Hb oxidation. This study demonstrates the key role of differential transmetallation of Dp4e4mT complexes that has therapeutic ramifications for their use as anti-cancer agents.

THE RESULTS OF THE APPROBATION OF METHODS OF SYNCHRONIZATION OF LIBIDO SEXUALIS OF HITSYNCH AND OVSYNCH ON COWS OF MEAT PRODUCTIVITY

The article presents data on the comparative effectiveness of synchronization schemes of the sexual cycle in cattle using the Hitsynch and Ovsynch methods, various GnRH, prostaglandin F2a, and estrogens were used in synchronization schemes to activate sexual processes and increase fertilization. In order to increase their effectiveness, biologically active substances were included in the synchronization schemes. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of various synchronization schemes when biologically active substances are included in them. The authors note that stimulation of the genitals using the methods of synchronization of sexual libido of Hitsynch and Ovsynch with the additional inclusion of biologically active substances in the schemes significantly improves the arrival of cows in libido and increases fertilization. These indicators were more pronounced when synchronizing sexual libido using the Hitsynch method. The novelty of the conducted research is the determination of effective modern schemes of synchronization of sexual libido. It was found that the complex use of hormonal drugs "Surfagon", "Oestrophan" biologically active substances vitamin complex "Tetravit" and estrogenic hormone ECP activates the manifestation of sexual processes stimulates the manifestation of sexual libido and increases the fertilization of cows.

Pd/C-catalyzed regiodivergent hydrocarboxylation and esterification of alkynes.

An unprecedented and highly reactive Pd/C catalytic system has been introduced for the regiodivergent hydrocarboxylation of terminal alkynes to selectively afford various acrylic and cinnamic acids employing oxalic acid as a CO source as well as a promoter for the formation of the active Pd-H complex. Herein, the formation of cinnamic acid is proposed to follow a unique anti-Markovnikov hydroiodination mechanism and the formation of acrylic acid might follow the traditional hydrocarboxylation pathway. Additionally, internal alkynes undergo hydrocarboxylation and carbonylative esterification with aliphatic alcohols to yield different α,β-unsaturated acids and esters respectively. The designed strategies were successfully leveraged for a diverse class of α,β-unsaturated acids and esters with excellent selectivity and yields under mild reaction conditions. Furthermore, the acid functionalization of complicated naturally derived alkynes, utilizing economical and bench-stable oxalic acid and a commercially accessible reusable catalyst with gram-scale applicability are the additional benefits of the established protocol.

Pattern recognition receptors as potential therapeutic targets for developing immunological engineered plants.

There is an urgent need to combat pathogen infestations in crop plants to ensure food security worldwide. To counter this, plants have developed innate immunity mediated by Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage- associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). PRRs activate Pattern-Triggered Immunity (PTI), a defence mechanism involving intricate cell-surface and intracellular receptors. The diverse ligand-binding ectodomains of PRRs, including leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) and lectin domains, facilitate the recognition of MAMPs and DAMPs. Pathogen resistance is mediated by a variety of PTI responses, including membrane depolarization, ROS production, and the induction of defence genes. An integral part of intracellular immunity is the Nucleotide-binding Oligomerization Domain, Leucine-rich Repeat proteins (NLRs) which recognize and respond to effectors in a potent manner. Enhanced understanding of PRRs, their ligands, and downstream signalling pathways has contributed to the identification of potential targets for genetically modified plants. By transferring PRRs across plant species, it is possible to create broad-spectrum resistance, potentially offering innovative solutions for plant protection and global food security. The purpose of this chapter is to provide an update on PRRs involved in disease resistance, clarify the mechanisms by which PRRs recognize ligands to form active receptor complexes and present various applications of PRRs and PTI in disease resistance management for plants.

Protective Effect of Dihydromyricetin Against ExerciseInduced Muscle Damage and Its Mechanism

Objective To investigate the protective effect of dihydromyricetin (DHM) against exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in mice and its potential mechanism.Methods Adult male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group (CG), exercise group (EG), and exercise + 100 mg/kg weight ·d DHM (DHM) group. The intervention lasted for four weeks, during which the animals in the EG and DHM groups were subjected to exercise training for 1 h per day. The day after the training, a 90-min treadmill exercise (slope: 0 and speed: 18 m/min) was conducted in both EG and DHM groups. Samples of blood and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested from the three groups 24 h after the exercise, followed by the measurement of serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), and skeletal muscle mitochondrial enzyme complex I and II activities. Histological changes in the skeletal muscle were observed by transmission electron microscopy, and the protein expressions of mitochondrial function-related pathways were detected by Western blotting.Results Skeletal muscle morphological changes and mitochondrial damage were alleviated in the DHM group compared to those in the EG. The activities of EIMD markers CK and LDH and the level of lipid peroxidation were notably repressed and the serum T-SOD activity was enhanced after DHM intervention. Western blotting demonstrated that the expressions of sirtuin type 3 (SIRT3), estrogen-related receptor alpha, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha in the skeletal muscle of mice increased after the DHM intervention.Conclusion DHM can relieve EIMD in mice, possibly by promoting the recovery of the mitochondrial structure and function in the skeletal muscle of mice after high-intensity exercise via the activation of the SIRT3 signaling pathway.

COP9 signalosome-mediated deneddylation of CULLIN1 is necessary for SCFEBF1 assembly in Arabidopsis thaliana

Functions of the SKP1-CUL1-F box (SCF) ubiquitin E3 ligases are essential in plants. The F box proteins (FBPs) are substrate receptors that recruit substrates and assemble an active SCF complex, but the regulatory mechanism underlying the FBPs binding to CUL1 to activate the SCF cycle is not fully understood. We show that Arabidopsis csn1-10 is defective in SCFEBF1-mediated PIF3 degradation during de-etiolation, due to impaired association of EBF1 with CUL1 in csn1-10. EBF1 preferentially associates with un-neddylated CUL1 that is deficient in csn1-10 and the EBF1-CUL1 binding is rescued by the neddylation inhibitor MLN4924. Furthermore, we identify a subset of FBPs with impaired binding to CUL1 in csn1-10, indicating their assembly to form SCF complexes may depend on COP9 signalosome (CSN)-mediated deneddylation of CUL1. This study reports that a key role of CSN-mediated CULLIN deneddylation is to gate the binding of the FBP-substrate module to CUL1, thus initiating the SCF cycle of substrate ubiquitination.

Public management of public healthcare under the COVID-19 outbreak: experience of Ukraine.

Aim: The research is aimed to study certain aspects and experience of functioning of the Ukrainian Public Healthcare public management mechanisms during an outbreak of the acute respiratory disease COVID19. Materials and Methods: The studied materials include personal observations and accumulated practical material, as well as generalization of the collected data and their empirical treatment, conducted by the scientists, according to the present legislation requirements. The study was held using general scientific methods, including observation, description of results, specification and statistical data generalization. Conclusions: Generalization, arrangement and analysis of the Ukrainian experience of the Public Healthcare public management during the outbreak of the acute respiratory disease COVID19, provides exchange of experience between all subjects of the process. This helps to produce certain practical decisions, aimed at effective responding of the state healthcare system onto management of the COVID19 outbreak. Such activities are also directed at detection of flaws in the whole system, with their subsequent correction, and elimination or neutralization of possible negative outcomes. To adopt the priority activity directions within public relations, which make the subject of the study, the authors have studied a complex of activities against spread of the COVID19 in 2019-2020. These activities include issues, related to prompt responding onto the infection spread and approving quick professional decisions; fulfilling epidemiological supervision and introducing anti-epidemic activities; providing diagnostics, and accessibility of the safe and high-quality vaccine.

Evaluation of multi-target iridium(iii)-based metallodrugs in combating antimicrobial resistance and infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

The rapid emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a serious challenge to human life and health, necessitating the development of novel antibacterial agents. Herein, to address this challenge, three iridium-based antibacterial agents were prepared and their antimicrobial activity were explored. Importantly, the three complexes all showed robust potency against S. aureus with MIC values in the range of 1.9-7.9 μg mL-1. Notably, the most active complex Ir3 also exhibited relative stability in mammalian fluids and a significant antibacterial effect on clinically isolated drug-resistant bacteria. Mechanism studies further demonstrated that the complex Ir3 can kill S. aureus by disrupting the integrity of the bacterial membrane and inducing ROS production. This multi-target advantage allows Ir3 to not only effectively combat bacterial resistance but also efficiently clear the bacterial biofilm. In addition, when used together, complex Ir3 could enhance the antibacterial potency of some clinical antibiotics against S. aureus. Moreover, both G. mellonella wax worms and mouse infection model demonstrated that Ir3 has low toxicity and robust anti-infective efficacy in vivo. Overall, complex Ir3 can serve as a new antibacterial agent for combating Gram-positive bacterial infections.

Structurally diverse zinc(II) complexes containing tripodal tetradentate phenoxido-amines with promising antiproliferative effects.

Structurally diverse zinc(II) complexes with tripodal tetradentate phenolic-amines of variable substituents in the phenol and amine moieties were synthesized and thoroughly characterized. The two dinuclear [Zn2(L1)2](ClO4)2·MeOH (1), [Zn2(L2)2](ClO4)2 (2), and four mononuclear [Zn(L3)(H2O)]·MeOH (3), [Zn(L4)] (4), [Zn(L5)] (5) and [Zn(L6)] (6) complexes revealed distorted octahedral, trigonal-bipyramidal or tetrahedral geometries. The free HL1 and H2L3-6 ligands, and complexes 1-6 were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines (A2780, A2780R, PC-3 and 22Rv1) and normal healthy MRC-5 cells. Overall results revealed high-to-moderate cytotoxicity (with the best IC50 values for complex 6 ranging from 2.4 to 4.5 μM), which is however, significantly higher than that of the reference drug cisplatin. The moderately active complexes 1-4 showed considerable selectivity on A2780 cells (IC50 ≈ 16.3-19.5 μM) over MRC-5 ones (with IC50 >50 μM for 1, 2 and 4, and with IC50 >25 μM for 3). The complexes 1, 2, and 6 and the ligand H2L6 were chosen for subsequent deeper biological evaluations. Their time-resolved cellular uptake and other cellular effects in A2780 cells were studied, such as cell cycle profile, intracellular ROS production, induction of apoptosis and activation of caspases 3/7. Complexes 1 and 2 caused significant G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in A2780 cells and antioxidant effects at normal conditions. They showed only limited effects on cellular processes connected with cytotoxicity, i.e. induction of apoptosis, depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential, and autophagy. These findings can be at least partly attributed to the low ability of the complexes to enter the A2780 cells and the depression of metabolic activity of the target cancer cells.

Morpholine-modified Ru-based agents with multiple antibacterial mechanisms as metalloantibiotic candidates against Staphylococcus aureus infection.

Multidrug-resistant bacteria resulting from the abuse and overuse of antibiotics have become a huge crisis in global public health security. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop new antibacterial drugs with unique mechanisms of action. As a versatile moiety, morpholine has been widely employed to enhance the potency of numerous bioactive molecules. In this study, a series of ruthenium-based antibacterial agents modified with the morpholine moiety were designed and characterized, aiming to obtain a promising metalloantibiotic with a multitarget mechanism. Antibacterial activity screening demonstrated that the most active complex Ru(ii)-3 exhibited the strongest potency against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) with an MIC value of only 0.78 μg mL-1, which is better than most clinically used antibiotics. Notably, Ru(ii)-3 not only possessed excellent bactericidal efficacy, but could also overcome bacterial resistance. Importantly, Ru(ii)-3 very efficiently removed biofilms produced by bacteria, inhibited the secretion of bacterial exotoxins, and enhanced the activity of many existing antibiotics. The results of mechanism studies confirmed that Ru(ii)-3 could destroy the bacterial membrane and induce ROS production in bacteria. Furthermore, animal infection models confirmed that Ru(ii)-3 showed significant anti-infective activity in vivo. Overall, this work demonstrated that a morpholine-modified ruthenium-based agent is a promising antibiotic candidate in tackling the crisis of drug-resistant bacteria.