Theory Of Action Research Articles

Reconstruction of Pancasila and Citizenship Learning Thinking to Improve Soft Skills of Polytechnic Students

Efforts to reconstruct the learning thinking of Civic Pancasila Education to develop a Life Skills Education Approach. This is based on researchers' concerns about the gap between what actually exists, with the existing conceptual framework (Das Sein and Das Solen), in the education system in Indonesia, especially Civic Education in the development of Polytechnic students. The researchers focus on the application of education theory as a tool of social integration that acts as an agent of value cultivation, Education is strength, Education is an investment for human resource development or Human Capital theory, and social action theory or Action Theory with the AGIL scheme (Adaptation, Goal Attaintment, Integration, and Latency). This research used a qualitative approach to find and reconstruct the thinking (Constructivism) of Pancasila and Civic Education to develop a Life Skills Education Approach, with a phenomenological approach. Researchers rely on as many of the views of the participants studied according to the research theme in depth as possible to explore and find the right reconstruction of thinking. The conclusions of this study are: (1) The transmission of civic values or social systems in educational institutions is carried out by civic education; (2) Civic education must be shape the character and life skills needed in human resource development; (3) Life skills education (soft skills) in civic education which is the basic foundation for the formation of an intelligent and good national character is, a very important part used as a learning approach to Pancasila and citizenship education at Polytechnics.

Exploring Social and Environmental Accounting Reporting Through Jurgen Habermas's Critical Theory

The objective of this research is to uncover how accounting practices related to social and environmental aspects in the Bakaru hydropower plant are carried out. The informants in this study consisted of employees and local communities around the company. They have a good understanding of the issues under study. Data is collected through observation and recording of documentation in various situations in the field. The collected data were analyzed using a qualitative approach using the theory of critical communicative action from Jürgen Habermas. This approach is used to examine the real practice of social and environmental accounting. The results showed that the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program at the Bakaru hydropower plant is in line with the view of how natural relationships should be carried out, in accordance with the concept of truth proposed by Jurgen Habermas. That is, companies are responsible for the impact of their operations, and this is based on the expectations of various interested parties. The company has also achieved a level of compliance in this regard, by implementing CSR through disclosure to the public. However, there is a problem in the budget allocation for CSR programs every year, because the implementation of these programs does not run effectively. In this case, the Bakaru hydropower plant does not fully meet claims of authenticity or honesty, and most of the programs carried out are still assistance and do not have a focus on sustainability in terms of reporting, prevention, and maintenance of environmental activities.

Community Participation Model And The Role Of Local Wisdom In The Prevention Of Corruption Of Village Funds

The study of anti-corruption literature may not be new, however, most anti-corruption literature studies in Indonesia focus on anti-corruption education. Meanwhile, when discussing anti-corruption villages, religion is often used as a method of anti-corruption hand-cutting. Unlike these studies, this study will focus on finding models of community participation and the role of local wisdom with Max Weber's social action theory and Mayer N. Zald-John D. Mc Carthy's resource mobilization theory as its analysis knife. Using qualitative research methods and Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) approach this study, finally found that "Taqdim political-economic empowerment based on traditional ethics and religion" is a model of community participation that includes the local wisdom of Sentang village. This model then also carried out five resource mobilizations to achieve corruption prevention of village funds. The realization of this model can then be grouped into types of social action consisting of actions based on goals, values, affections, and traditions. Based on the conclusion of the thesis, this study has succeeded in finding a model of community participation and the role of local wisdom in preventing corruption of village funds. Thus, this study has provided new insights into preventing corruption of village funds through the integration of participation models and the role of local wisdom. In practical terms, this insight can automatically be used as a consideration for policymakers in determining the prevention of corruption in village funds.

Green Training and Development Revolutionizing Organizational Performance: The Moderating Role of Green Employee Involvement in the Bangladeshi Pharmaceutical Industry

Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) has been found to positively affect job satisfaction (JS) and job performance as employees are more engaged and motivated to improve organizational performance (OP). However, few studies have investigated this phenomenon, and none have examined green employee involvement (GEI) within the Bangladeshi context. Therefore, this study examines the moderating role of GEI and the mediating role of JS and employee motivation (EM) on green training and development (GTD), organizational commitment (OC), and OP among pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh and contributes to the theories of action and job performance and of ability-motivation-opportunity. Self-administered surveys were sent to executives working in 10 pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh, and data were collected from 180 respondents using convenience sampling. These findings show that the GTD positively influenced OC and OP. Additionally, GEI played a significant moderating role between GTD and OC and GTD and OP. The study also revealed that JS played a significant mediating role between GTD and OC and, GTD, and OP. However, EM did not play a mediating role between GTD and OC and GTD and OP. Based on the research findings, pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh should embrace GHRM practices, prioritize GTD, foster EI, and nurture JS, which are crucial for enhancing OC and OP. These recommendations contribute to a better understanding of sustainable HR practices and underscore the importance of aligning environmental goals with organizational success. The limitations of this study include limited generalizability, convenience sampling, cross-sectional design, self-report bias, limited mediation analysis, and omitted variables. To address these limitations, future research should employ a more diverse and representative sample, use longitudinal designs to establish causal relationships, incorporate qualitative methods to gather in-depth insights, and include a broader range of variables.

Wildebeest herds on rolling hills: Flocking on arbitrary curved surfaces.

The collective behavior of active agents, whether herds of wildebeest or microscopic actin filaments propelled by molecular motors, is an exciting frontier in biological and soft matter physics. Almost three decades ago, Toner and Tu developed a continuum theory of the collective action of flocks, or herds, that helped launch the modern field of active matter. One challenge faced when applying continuum active matter theories to living phenomena is the complex geometric structure of biological environments. Both macroscopic and microscopic herds move on asymmetric curved surfaces, like undulating grass plains or the surface layers of cells or embryos, which can render problems analytically intractable. In this paper, we present a formulation of the Toner-Tu flocking theory that uses the finite element method to solve the governing equationson arbitrary curved surfaces. First, we test the developed formalism and its numerical implementation in channel flow with scattering obstacles and on cylindrical and spherical surfaces, comparing our results to analytical solutions. We then progress to surfaces with arbitrary curvature, moving beyond previously accessible problems to explore herding behavior on a variety of landscapes. This approach allows the investigation of transients and dynamic solutions not revealed by analytic methods. It also enables versatile incorporation of new geometries and boundary conditions and efficient sweeps of parameter space. Looking forward, the paper presented here lays the groundwork for a dialogue between Toner-Tu theory and data on collective motion in biologically relevant geometries, from drone footage of migrating animal herds to movies of microscopic cytoskeletal flows within cells.

The sizzle and fizzle of teacher evaluation in the United States and the selective use of research evidence

In 2009, the United States funded the largest federal educational reform effort in the nation’s history. Referred to as Race to the Top (RTTT), a cornerstone of this effort was the high-stakes evaluation of all teachers, with a significant emphasis on the use of highly researched statistical methods that ascribed changes in student test scores to a teacher’s quality. The widespread endorsement of these policies across a broad range of the political spectrum was based on a theory of action that faced technical, organizational, and political challenges. Enthusiasm for these evaluation efforts was substantially muted in a mere 5 years. Among a number of factors, we argue that the framing of the problem together with privileging particular lines of research and voices, as well as the lack of consideration of other frames and attention to other research and voices, resulted in an evidence base that was wholly insufficient to justify the large-scale policy changes that were enacted.

Meaning without Gricean intentions

Abstract Gricean theories analyse meaning in terms of certain complex intentions on the part of the speaker – the intention to produce an effect on the addressee, and the intention to have that intention recognized by the addressee. By drawing an analogy with cases widely discussed in action theory, we propose a novel counterexample where the speaker lacks these intentions but nonetheless means something and successfully performs a speech act.

DARI KRITIS KE TINDAKAN KOMUNIKATIF

DARI KRITIS KE TINDAKAN KOMUNIKATIF

Belief: What is it Good for?

Abstract“Absolutely nothing,” say the radical Bayesians. “Simplifying decisions,” say the moderates. “Providing premises in practical reasoning,” say the epistemologists. “Coordinating with others,” say I. It is hard to see how to construct an adequate theory of rational behavior without using a graded notion of belief, such as credence. But once we have credence, what role is left for belief? After surveying some answers to this question, I will explore the idea that belief is in a different line of work altogether. Its job is not to rationalize and explain an agent’s behavior, but to track what the agent would accept as a reason. Although some philosophers have seen the connection between belief and reasons, they have tended to see reasons as part of a theory of rational action. This locates belief in the rationalizing and explaining business, where it must vie with credence. In contrast, I argue that reasons play no essential role in an account of individual rationality; they are important because we need to coordinate with others. Credence and belief thus answer to separate needs.

Agency: Let's mind what's fundamental1

AbstractThe standard event‐causal theory of action says that an intentional action is caused in the right way by the right mental states. This view requires reductionism about agency. The causal role of the agent must be nothing over and above the causal contribution of the relevant mental event‐causal processes. But commonsense finds this reductive solution to the “agent‐mind problem”, the problem of explaining the relationship between agents and the mind, incredible. Where did the agent go? This paper suggests that this challenge against event‐causal reductionism is importantly related to debates about fundamentality. It also suggests that extant event‐causal answers to the agent‐mind problem, ones that suggest that part of an agent's mind can stand proxy for the agent herself, fail against the challenge. It sketches an alternative reductive view that appeals to entity grounding. This view resolves the commonsense challenge and promises to be theoretically fruitful with respect to other longstanding problems with the event‐casual view. The paper concludes with a burden‐shifting argument against emergentist agent‐causal theories and non‐reductive event‐causal theories of agency.

Tindakan Sosial Masyarakat Dalam Pemenuhan Air Bersih Pada Daerah Kekeringan di Dusun Tlogopule Kabupaten Tuban

The limitations of water sources and continuous water services are the problems of water crises that occur year after year in areas prone to drought. In the face of this condition, people take various actions to fulfill clean water used for daily necessities. The location of this study is in Tlogopule Hamlet, Prunggahan Kulon Village, Semanding District, Tuban Regency. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The study used Max Weber's theory of Social Action, in which actions were performed based on specific reasons and goals to be achieved. In this study, we used three theories out of four proposed by Max Weber. Got that result; 1. The act of Instrumental Rationality is carried out by buying clean water, looking for water in wells, washing at neighboring village water sources and subscribing to water at neighboring village HIPPAM; 2. Value measures by performing the act of receiving clean water aid and water subscription fees with neighbors; 3. Traditional actions by making talang and jeding (waterproofing) to hold rainwater. The water crisis that continues to occur, especially during the dry season, has led the public to the understanding that drought is a common disaster. Drought has brought the community's customs of working together to survive and coexist with drought.

IMPACT OF BRAND EQUITY ON LAPTOP PURCHASE INTENTION AMONG PUBLIC UNIVERSITY STUDENT

The laptop industry is showing a growing trend in Malaysia and there are various laptop brands in the market. The impact of brand equity has greatly influenced the behavior of students in public universities toward the purchase intention of laptops. However, there is still a lack of thorough research that has been conducted to examine the brand equity and purchase intention of laptops among students of public universities in Malaysia. Thus, this study aims to investigate the relationship between the brand equity dimension which is brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality, and brand loyalty toward purchase intention of laptops among public university students by applying the Theory of Action (TRA). The results show that perceived quality and brand loyalty is significant. Meanwhile, brand awareness and brand association are insignificant. The study concludes with the discussion of research limitations and recommendation for the industry and future research.

Theory of Change and Theory of Education: Pedagogic and Curriculum Defects in Early Grade Reading Interventions in South Africa

Much of the field of educational change has focused on better understanding the theory of change, that is, what knowledge is needed to make substantial educational change, particularly improvement to learning outcomes at scale. This article suggests that the South African early grade reading study community may have been looking in the wrong place. The search for the optimal theory of change or theory of action is obviously very important, but could it not be that a key part of the problem is defects in our theory of education? It is argued that there may be something educationally unsound in certain aspects of the official pedagogy and curriculum. As such, the South African education system is unlikely to make much progress towards the goal of getting children to read for meaning by the time they are 10 years old if these defects are not addressed. To illustrate this argument, the article points to data from two examples in South African education policies on pedagogy and curriculum: the first relates to the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) Foundation Phase document’s under-specification and weak guidance with reference to the teaching of phonics with linked decodable texts; the second concerns the CAPS document’s privileging of an unworkable reading teaching methodology called Group Guided Reading. The article concludes that to achieve real knowledge breakthroughs, university academics working alongside researchers in government need to develop rigorous research programmes aimed at improving foundational learning outcomes.

IMPLEMENTATION OF “CATUR GURU” AS THE BASIS OF CHARACTER EDUCATION IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Purpose – This scientific paper aims to discuss a special approach of character education in elementary school, which covers both its urgency and implementation. Methodology – The data collection was carried out through document studies, observations, and in-depth interviews with teachers, parents, and socio-cultural experts. The data were analyzed qualitatively using pedagogical theories and Bourdeau’s theory of social action. Findings – The result showed that intensive character education is essential for elementary school students, since they are still at their golden age, which would promote the effectiveness of its implementation. Character education, for elementary school students, can be implemented based on the concept of Catur Guru, including developing the students’ character to respect; Guru Rupaka (parents), Guru Pengajian (school teacher), Guru Wisesa (government), and Guru Swadyaya (God Almighty). Significance – These four dimensions of Guru (the teachers of life) must be introduced synergistically in order to build the character of elementary school students in their house, school, society, and also their living environment. Character education was also expected to direct the students’ creativity, critical thinking, communication, and collaboration, toward kindness and peace. Other implications for educational purposes were also discussed.

La sfida della corruzione politica all’etica pubblica. Introduzione

The article presents political corruption as a problem of public ethics of institutions. It first explains the theory of institutional action that underlies the conception of political corruption as a deficit of “office accountability”. Having clarified the officeholders’ duties in their institutional capacity, it portrays political corruption as an “internal enemy” of public institutions. A discussion follows of the normative implications for an approach to anti-corruption based on the officeholders’ direct engagement.

A Conceptual Framework to Safeguard the Neuroright to Personal Autonomy

In this article, we propose a philosophical exploration on the main problems involved in two neurorights that concern autonomous action, namely free will and cognitive liberty, and sketch a possible solution to these problems by resourcing to a holistic interpretation of human actions. First, we expose the main conceptual and practical issues arising from the neuroright to “free will,” which are far from minor: the term itself is denied by some trends participating in the neurorights debate, the related concept of ultimate control is also disputed, the understanding of free will depends on cultural context, and the exercise of being free to act in several domains may be covered by other regulations. Second, we analyze the historical origin of cognitive liberty, its current status, and its relation with free will. Third, we criticize the concept of decision in mainstream action theory and propose to conceive action as a unified process constituted by three explanatory, non-sequential dimensions: intention, decision, and action realization. Fourth, we discuss two possible cases involving neurotechnologies and suggest ways to interpret them according to a unified framework in which free will and cognitive liberty fall under a single neuroright to personal autonomy. Finally, we outline a recommendation to introduce freedom of thought and personal autonomy as complementary neurorights to protect both the internal and external dimensions of thought and action.

Community coalitions for smoke-free environments in Armenia and Georgia: A mixed methods analysis of coalition formation, implementation and perceived effectiveness.

Effective models for aligning public health and civil society at the local level have the potential to impact various global health issues, including tobacco. Georgia and Armenia Teams for Healthy Environments and Research (GATHER) is a collaboration between Armenia, Georgia and U.S. researchers involving a community randomized trial testing the impact of community coalitions to promote smoke-free policy adoption and compliance in various settings. Community Coalition Action Theory (CCAT) was used to guide and describe coalition formation, implementation and effectiveness. Mixed methods were used to evaluate 14 municipality-based coalitions in Georgia and Armenia, including semi-structured interviews (n = 42) with coalition leaders and active members, coalition member surveys at two timepoints (n = 85 and n = 83), and review of action plans and progress reports. Results indicated successful creation of 14 multi-sectoral coalitions, most commonly representing education, public health, health care, and municipal administration. Half of the coalitions created at least one smoke-free policy in specific settings (e.g., factories, parks), and all 14 promoted compliance with existing policies through no-smoking signage and stickers. The majority also conducted awareness events in school, health care, and community settings, in addition to educating the public about COVID and the dangers of tobacco use. Consistent with CCAT, coalition processes (e.g., communication) were associated with member engagement and collaborative synergy which, in turn, correlated with perceived community impact, skills gained by coalition members, and interest in sustainability. Findings suggest that community coalitions can be formed in varied sociopolitical contexts and facilitate locally-driven, multi-sectoral collaborations to promote health. Despite major contextual challenges (e.g., national legislation, global pandemic, war), coalitions were resilient, nimble and remained active. Additionally, CCAT propositions appear to be generalizable, suggesting that coalition-building guidance may be relevant for local public health in at least some global contexts.

Musical Affordances and the Gestalt Legacy: enriching music perception

Summary In the current cognitive theory of music, concepts of Gestalt psychology are referred to in various ways. For example, neurocognitive models of music perception address the formation of auditory Gestalts as a stage in the formation of meaning. However, this view runs counter to central premises of Gestalt psychology of Carl Stumpf’s school, which precisely did not describe Gestalts as synthesized phenomena. Nevertheless, it is argued here, borrowing from Gestalt concepts can promote current non-reductionist positions. They conceptualize musical perception not in the ways of information theory, but of phenomenology and action theory. Here the theory of affordance developed by J.J. Gibson in close collaboration with his wife Eleanor J. Gibson stands out. It was explicitly introduced into musicological research by Eric Clarke, but without reference to its Gestalt psychological roots. The article explores theories of musical affordance with the help of further methodological tools, which can be assigned to the philosophical schools of direct realism and constructivism. They open up the possibility of a non-cognitivist and non-representational perspective on musical perception. It turns out that Gestalt psychological concepts also have a catalytic effect on the expansion of our understanding of musical perception in this constellation, although this connection has hardly been visible so far.

Cisnormative symbolic colonization and transgender and gender nonconforming individuals in the workplace

AbstractCisnormativity assumes individual traits and social roles that correspond to one's gender assigned at birth. Cisnormativity in workplace culture sustains the discrimination of transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) individuals. Research in the workplace has yet to evaluate strategies that TGNC employees use to attain personal or social goals. In the present study, the term cisnormative symbolic colonization (CSC) incorporates Habermas' theory of communicative action with symbolic interactionism to demonstrate the permeation of cisnormative dominance in workplace culture through symbolic social practices. Interviews with 15 transgender women and gender nonconforming individuals illustrated four strategies used to mitigate CSC in the workplace: bargaining, validating, symbolic‐aligning, and value‐endorsing. The findings demonstrated the dominant impact of CSC in workplace culture and revealed the employment of trans‐symbolism to integrate trans‐inclusive values in the workplace.

Toward a Theory of Entrepreneurial Action in Blockchain: Approach and Avoidance

Toward a Theory of Entrepreneurial Action in Blockchain: Approach and Avoidance