Acid Acrylamide Research Articles

Dual parametric simultaneous measurement of pH and temperature based on optical fiber interference and silanized pH-responsive hydrogel

A no-core and few-mode fiber-based structure coating with polyacrylic acid acrylamide hydrogel is used to realize pH and temperature measurement simultaneously. The proposed structure can be obtained through splicing the no-core fiber, few-mode fiber and no-core fiber (NFN) with a certain length in sequence. Its measurement range can cover 2 to 12 for pH and 20 °C to 90 °C for temperature. Meanwhile, surface silanization of the optical fiber is performed to facilitate the adhesion of the hydrogel and to refine the silanization process. The pH-based transmission-sensitivity is measured to be 0.959 dB/pH and the highest pH-based wavelength-sensitivity is 0.837 nm/pH. The temperature-based wavelength-sensitivities are measured to be 0.01 nm/°C and 0.02 nm/°C, respectively, in two different pH environments of 2 ∼ 5 and 5 ∼ 12, while the temperature-based transmission-sensitivities are measured to be 0.432 dB/°C and 0.356 dB/°C, respectively. The pH response of hydrogel and inherent temperature response of NFN-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer enable the sensor to perform dual parameter measurements for pH and temperature. The dual-parameter matrices are established and validation experiments are carried out. It is demonstrated that the pH and temperature measurement errors can be as low as 0.088 and 1.112°C respectively. This sensor is expected to have broad prospects in environmental monitoring, chemical analysis, and other related fields.

Fabrication of organogel strain sensor with self-healing property and extreme temperature tolerance by using phytic acid-liquid metal as initiator

Wearable strain sensors have aroused myriad of interest in the domain of electronic skin, soft robotics, and biomedicine. Organogels for wearable strain sensors require desirable stretchability, sensing stability, self-healing property, and a wide working temperature range. However, the synthesis of such organogels typically involves complex and time-consuming processes. Herein, we proposed a rapid copolymerization method for organogels composed of poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylic amide) (P(AA-co-AM)), phytic acid (PA), liquid metal (LM), and polyethylene oxide (PEO). The dispersion of GaInSn in PA solution (GaInSn-PA) was synthesized and employed to initiate the copolymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and acrylic amide (AM), which significantly reduced polymerization time to 2–3 min at room temperature. The release of Ga3+ ions from the LM facilitated cross-linking of P(AA-co-AM) chains through coordination bonds, while also imparted conductivity to the organogel. The synergistic effect between hydrogen bonds and metal coordination bonds extensive within the polymer chains imparted exceptional stretchability (1079 % strain) and self-healing efficiency (98 % at 60 °C) to the organogel. Consequently, the resulting strain sensor demonstrated the ability to accurately monitor both subtle and large human motion, exhibiting remarkable repeatability and durability across a wide temperature range (-20 °C∼40 °C). In addition, the integration of strain sensors on limbs for robotic control through limb movements underscored its practical viability. This optimized fabrication approach and structural design strategy set a new precedent for the development of organogel strain sensors in various applications.

Pd-Catalyzed C(sp2)-H/C(sp2)-H Coupling of Limonene.

Limonene undergoes a regioselective Pd(II)-catalyzed C(sp2)-H/C(sp2)-H coupling with acrylic acid esters and amides, α,β-unsaturated ketones, styrenes, and allyl acetate, affording novel 1,3-dienes. DFT computations gave results in accord with the experimental results and allowed for the formulation of a plausible mechanism. The postfunctionalization of one of the coupled products was achieved via a large-scale Sonogashira reaction conducted under micellar catalysis.

Poly (Acrylic Acid-Acrylamide) Hydrogel for Ni(II) and Cr(III) Adsorption: Isotherm, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies

The use of a hydrogel composed of poly acrylic acid acrylamide (AA-AAm) as an adsorbent for removing nickel and chromium ions from synthetic wastewater was investigated. The effects of various factors such as pH, retention time, hydrogel dosage, and initial metal concentration on the adsorption of Ni(II) and Cr(III) were examined. Adsorption performance was evaluated using isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics. The results showed that the adsorption process for both metals followed a pseudo-second-order model with good correlation coefficients. The Freundlich isotherm model was found to be a better fit for the adsorption process, suggesting that both physical and chemical processes were involved in the adsorption of Ni and Cr. Thermodynamic analysis demonstrated that the adsorption process is spontaneous (negative ΔG) but endothermic (positive ΔH), indicating that heat energy is required for the adsorption process. Overall, the findings suggest that the poly AA-AAm hydrogel has excellent potential as an adsorbent for removing heavy metals from wastewater. The presence of heavy metals in wastewater is a significant environmental and health concern.

Properties of dispersions and films made of copolymers obtained from acrylic, methacrylic and vinyl monomers

AbstractThe following paper presents a study of water dispersion obtained by emulsion co-polymerization of acrylic, methacrylic and vinyl monomers with the use of surfactants. Water dispersions of copolymers used in the production of paints intended for painting surfaces of steel metals and aluminum and its alloys were selected. They were synthesized by ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid amide, 2-hydroxyethylacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate and 1-ethyl-1-ethylpropylcarbamate (VeoVa 10). The investigated dispersion properties were considered in three groups. It turned out that the dispersions in which the copolymer had the lowest crystallinity temperature and were built of units having hydroxyl, carboxyl or amide groups were characterized by the most favorable properties. The hardness and weight of the membranes changed the least in the case of copolymers consisting of many units with functional groups. Graphical abstract

Preparation, Characterization and Photocatalytic Degradation Studies of an Acrylic Acid-acryl Amide based TiO2 Hydrogel Nanocomposite: Real Samples of Pollutants Dyes

In this study, preparation of (AAc-AM)/TiO2 hydrogel nanocomposite. This hydrogel was prepared by copolymerization. Acryl amide (AM), acrylic acid (AAc) is an absorbent material of great use in the preparation of hydrogels, Where hydrogels based on acrylate are characterized by being hydrophilic and having the ability to retain water. The properties of nanocomposite were studied using several techniques (FESEM, XRD, and TEM). The photocatalytic degradation of Congo red (CR) under UV irradiation has been studied. The utilization of (AAc-AM)/TiO2 hydrogel nanocomposite as a catalyst in the photocatalysis process under several optimum conditions. The eff ect of the parameter contains the mass of the (AAc-AM)/TiO2 hydrogel nanocomposite catalyst and the concentration of Congo red (CR). Through the data, the photocatalytic activity increases by increasing the hydrogel nanocomposite mass from 0.1–0.3 g. Also, a decrease in photocatalytic effi ciency was observed with an increase in dye concentration. Observed that after re-use, (AAc-g-AM)/TiO2 hydrogel nanocomposite paper photocatalytic effi ciency from of the 1 cycle use 77.99 to 60.12% of 6 cycle use repeated to show that (AAc-g-AM)/TiO2 hydrogel nanocomposite surface appear good stability.

Synthesis of a Polymer Composite Based on a Modified Aminohumic Acid Tuned to a Sorbed Copper Ion

A composite based on amino-containing humic acid with the immobilization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes preliminarily tuned to a copper ion has been obtained. The synthesis of a composite pre-tuned for sorption by the local arrangement of macromolecular regions was obtained by introducing multi-walled carbon nanotubes and a molecular template into the composition of humic acid, followed by copolycondensation with acrylic acid amide and formaldehyde. The template was removed from the polymer network by acid hydrolysis. As a result of this tuning, the macromolecules of the composite "remember" conformations that are favorable for sorption, i.e., adsorption centers are formed in the polymer network of the composite, capable of repeated, highly specific interaction with the template and the highly selective extraction of target molecules from the solution. The reaction was controlled by the added amine and by the content of oxygen-containing groups. The structure and composition of the resulting composite were proven by physicochemical methods. A study of the sorption properties of the composite showed that after acid hydrolysis, the capacity increased sharply compared to a similar composite without tuning and a composite before hydrolysis. The resulting composite can be used as a selective sorbent in the process of wastewater treatment.

Characterization Of A Bacterium – Producer Of Amidase

We analyzed 11 samples of wastewater, sludge and soil contaminated with acrylic acid nitrile, acrylamide and acrylic acid from the territory of Navoiyazot JSC (Navoi, Uzbekistan). As a result, 19 strains belonging to the bacteria of the genus Rhodococcus were isolated into a pure culture. In the process of selection, 2 strains of bacteria were selected that exhibit the highest amidase activity for acrylic acid (0.712 U / mg and 0.868 U / mg). Strains of Rhodococcus sp. - 8/4/1 and Rhodococcus sp. - 3/4/3 are potential amidase producers.

Synthesis, Characterization of P(CH/AA-co-AM) and Adsorptive Removal of Pb (II) ions from Aqueous Solution: Thermodynamic Study

Cross-linking Chitosan/Poly (Acryl amide-Acrylic acid) Hydrogel (P(CH/AA-co-AM)) synthesized via free radical polymerization of Acrylamide and acrylic acid as monomers after that addition chitosan, using MBA and KPS as initiator. The produced materials' structural, surface, and thermal properties were determined using the following techniques: FT-IR, TGA, TEM, and FE-SEM. This study is concerned with a significant application of surface chemistry in the fields of removing heavy metals. It deals with the adsorption-systems of Pb (II) on Cross-linking Chitosan / Poly (Acrylic acid-Acryl amide) Hydrogel at variable conditions of concentration and temp. The measured data are following the Freundlich equation and, according to the Giles classification, the adsorption isotherms are of type S3. As a temperature feature (10, 20, 25 and 30oC), adsorption was investigated. With increasing temperature (endothermic process), the extent of adsorption of Pb (II)on P(CH / AA-co-AM) was found for increase. They have also measured the essential thermodynamic functions.

Polyampholytic Graft Copolymers as Matrix for TiO2 /Eosin Y/[Mo3 S13 ]2- Hybrid Materials and Light-Driven Catalysis.

An effective strategy to enhance the performance of inorganic semiconductors is moving towards organic‐inorganic hybrid materials. Here, we report the design of core–shell hybrid materials based on a TiO2 core functionalized with a polyampholytic (poly(dehydroalanine)‐graft‐(n‐propyl phosphonic acid acrylamide) shell (PDha‐g‐PAA@TiO2). The PDha‐g‐PAA shell facilitates the efficient immobilization of the photosensitizer Eosin Y (EY) and enables electronic interactions between EY and the TiO2 core. This resulted in high visible‐light‐driven H2 generation. The enhanced light‐driven catalytic activity is attributed to the unique core–shell design with the graft copolymer acting as bridge and facilitating electron and proton transfer, thereby also preventing the degradation of EY. Further catalytic enhancement of PDha‐g‐PAA@TiO2 was possible by introducing [Mo3S13]2− cluster anions as hydrogen‐evolution cocatalyst. This novel design approach is an example for a multi‐component system in which reactivity can in future be independently tuned by selection of the desired molecular or polymeric species.

Amino acid acrylamide mimics: creation of a consistent monomer library and characterization of their polymerization behaviour

A novel consistent approach to mimic the structure of biopolymers via precision polymer synthesis with reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP).

A new class of 1,3,5-triazine-based selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs): Lead optimization, molecular docking and dynamic simulation

Selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) that acts as not only ER antagonist, but also ER degrader, would be useful for the treatment for drug-resistance ER+ breast cancer. However, most of currently available SERD candidates involve very limited molecular scaffolds and are still in clinical trials. In this study, we introduced a 1,3,5-triazine ring into a homobibenzyl motif extracted from amounts of ER ligands and synthesized sixteen SERDs bearing acrylic acid or acrylic amide side chains that possess both ERα antagonism and degradation properties. And all compounds were screened for their anti-proliferative activity against ER+ MCF-7 and Ishikawa cell lines. Among them, compound XHA1614 displayed potent growth inhibition activity against MCF-7 and Ishikawa cells with IC50 values of 3.15μM and 3.11μM, respectively. Moreover, XHA1614 could dramatically degrade ER level at 1nM in a Western blotting assay and afforded an outstanding antagonistic activity via suppressing the expression of progesterone receptor messenger RNA in MCF-7 cells in a RT-PCR assay. Further molecular docking and dynamic simulation on properly selected derivative furnished insights into its binding profile within ERα. Our findings suggest that the 1,3,5-triazine core was a feasible alternative to currently reported SERD scaffold, and provide information that will be useful for further development of promising SERDs candidates for breast cancer therapies.

Nitric Oxide (NO) separation from flue gas by chemical modified mesoporous silica

Three kinds of chemically modified silica were prepared to adsorb NO by surface modifying with vinyltriethoxysilane, acrylic acid and acryl amide respectively, and characterized by N2 adsorption experiments, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermo-gravity analysis. The results showed that COOH and CONH2 in the monomers had been grafted on the silica surface, and the pore volumes of S1, S2 and S3 decreased and exhibited the mesoporous structure; all the modified adsorbents could maintain steady under 300 °C. NO adsorption experiments were also carried out and the results suggested that the silica modified with acryl amide had the best NO adsorption capacity due to the relative large surface area and the stronger hydrogen bonds between NO molecules and the functional groups. The adsorbed NO molecules could be well desorbed by purging with N2 so that the adsorbents could be recycled and NO resource also had the chance to be reused.

Damping of dynamic forces by materials used in the construction of ballast and ballastless railway tracks. Crushed stone

Strength properties of mineral materials used in the track operation, which are crushed stone and sand, do not depend on the ambient temperature (up to 500 °C) and humidity, but gradually degrade when its pore space becomes clogged with fines, oil products and plant residues. Polymeric materials used in the construction of railway tracks for damping dynamic loads, when exposed to significant stresses, are gradually destroyed. The main operating conditions that determine the performance of polymer products include the ambient temperature, its humidity, the presence of a chemically aggressive external effect and a stress fields. Cuts or scratches — stress concentrators on polymer products — significantly change the thermal dependence of its mechanical properties. Therefore, hemispherical grooves, cylindrical cuts in the central areas of pads, made to reduce wear in the peripheral areas, lead to a significant narrowing of the temperature range of the effective operation of these products. Granular media have strong non-linear properties, the main causes of which are microcracks, boundaries and areas of contact of the granules a well as physic-mechanical properties of substances that fill the pore space of crushed stone layer. Coefficient of energy absorption in a granular medium is directly proportional to the viscosity of the polymer layer between the granules. Filling the pore space of the crushed stone layer with sand and viscous-plastic medium (polymers, organic binders and materials based on them, solid polyurethane foam, water or oil products) leads to decrease in the strength of crushed stone prism. An increase in the ambient temperature, especially above 30 °C, reduces the elastic properties and structural viscosity of viscousplastic materials that fill the pore space of a crushed stone prism, thereby reducing its strength. But at the same time, the energy absorption coefficient of vibration in a wide frequency range sharply increases and the dynamic loads on the track gauge profile are decreased. Most often, cheap organic-based compositions are used as dynamic load absorbers in the crushed stone layer: synthetic resins, acrylic acid amide polymers, latexes, lignin sulfonates and bitumen. When filling the pore space of crushed stone, an adhesive interaction occurs between the polymer molecules and the surfaces of the granules. Polymer molecules fill not only the pore space, but also penetrate into the contact area of the granules, reduce friction and decrease the angle of internal friction of crushed stone and the adhesion index of the bulk material. However the operation of railways is associated with permanent deformation and destruction of the surface layers of the polymer. Multiple repetition of the deformation process leads to an increase in mechanical hysteresis losses, causing friction and wear of the polymer in contact with the granules. Therefore, one should not expect a long service life when using a polymeric material for hardening the ballast layer.

Effects of viscosity-reducing and early-strength-enhancing polycarboxylate superplasticiser on cement-based materials with 50% GGBFS

The advantages and disadvantages of cement-based materials with high-volume ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) are known. The two disadvantages of higher viscosity and lower early strength have still not been well solved in common practice. In order to improve both the viscosity and early strength of cement-based materials with high-volume GGBFS simultaneously, a new polycarboxylate copolymer molecular structure was developed, which was characterised by the synergistic effects of acrylic acid, sodium allylsulfonate and acryl amide as the backbone, and isoamyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether as the long side chain. Its efficiencies in cement-based materials with 50% GGBFS were investigated by measuring the rheological properties, hydration exothermic characteristics, and compressive strength at early ages. Compared with conventional ether-type and ester-type polycarboxylate superplasticisers, the application performances indicate that this developed superplasticiser has obvious viscosity-reducing, early-strength-enhancing effects and similar dispersibility.

The Effect of Frying – the Chemical, Microbiological, and Acrylamide Composition of Mussels as a Street Food

ABSTRACT The effects of frying methods and covering processes on the proximate composition, fatty acid profile, amino acid profile, cholesterol, acrylamide, and microbiological content of fried mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis 1819) were investigated in the present study. The group of mussels that were purchased for study was divided into six groups (control – unprocessed mussel meat; Group A – covered mussels fried in deep fat; Group B – mussel fried in low fat; Group C – uncoated mussel meat fried in deep fat; Group D – uncoated mussel fried in low fat; and Group E – mussel served in restaurants). It was determined that the mussel frying methods can affect the nutritional composition and cause changes in the amino acid, fatty acid, and cholesterol content.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of (E)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) acrylic acid (TMCA) amide derivatives as anticonvulsant and sedative agents

In this article, a novel series of (E)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (TMCA) amide derivatives 1-18 were designed and synthesized by a facile and one-pot step, which were achieved with good yields using 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBT) and 1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI) as activation system. All the synthesized derivatives were biologically evaluated for their anticonvulsant, sedative activity and neurotoxicity using the maximal electroshock (MES) model, sc-pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) model, pentobarbital sodium-induced sleeping model, and locomotor activity tests, respectively. Among them, compounds 4, 9 and 16 exhibited good anticonvulsant activity in primary evaluation. Furthermore, compound 4 is the most effective anticonvulsant and sedative agent in subsequent tests, while the low threshold of toxicity of compound 4 is vigilant. Compounds 9 and 16 also performed significantly anticonvulsant activity in subsequent tests with weak toxicity. The molecular modeling experiments also predicted good binding interactions of the obtained active molecules with the GABA transferas. Therefore, it could be concluded that the synthesized derivatives 4, 9 and 16 would represent useful lead compounds for further investigation in the development of anticonvulsant and sedative agents.

Determination of Methamphetamine Drug By GC-MS Based on Molecularly Imprinted Solid-Phase Used Meth Acrylic Acid and Acryl Amide as Functional Monomers

Determination of Methamphetamine Drug By GC-MS Based on Molecularly Imprinted Solid-Phase Used Meth Acrylic Acid and Acryl Amide as Functional Monomers

The synthesis and application of dual temperature/pH-sensitive polymer nanoparticles

ABSTRACTThe monodisperse dual temperature/pH-sensitive nanoparticles are prepared by distillation-precipitation polymerization, which use the acrylic acid (AA) and N-Isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM) as the monomer materials and divinyl benzene (DVB) as the crosslinking agent. The nanoparticles with excellent stability shows good pH responsiveness and temperature sensitivity that can shrink freely in response to acidic environmental stimuli. The monodisperse nanoparticles may thus be very promising for use in many applications in which rapid responses to dual environmental stimuli are required.

Preparation of molecularly imprinted adsorbents and NO adsorption property

Two groups of molecularly imprinted NO adsorbents were prepared by molecularly self-assembly procedures, in which methanoic acid, acetic acid, ethanedioic acid were used as templates; acrylic acid (AA) and acryl amide (AAM) were used as functional monomers, respectively. The pore size distribution and the special surface area of the adsorbents varied with different functional monomers and templates regularly. NO adsorption capacities all decreased with the increasingly molecular diameter of templates, and when the template was the same, the adsorbents in group 1 had better NO adsorption capacities than those in group 2 due to the stronger hydrogen bond interaction between the functional monomer and NO molecule. The adsorption stability was also tested and both of MIPa1 in group 1 and MIPb1 in group 2 could maintain steady adsorption capacity during 50 times of adsorption–desorption cycle.