Acquisition Of Valid Data Research Articles

Assessment of offshore wind conditions in coastal areas of Japan using single scanning Doppler LiDAR

Abstract In this study, offshore wind conditions in coastal areas of Japan measured by single scanning Doppler lidar is investigated. The effects of measurement range as well as rainfall and snowfall on data availability of the Doppler scanning lidar are examined. Data filtering criteria are then proposed and verified by data thinning to meet both accuracy and post-processed data availability requirements for offshore wind measurements at multiple altitudes. Finally, one-year offshore wind measurement with three different elevation angles is conducted using a single Doppler scanning lidar to investigate wind conditions in the coastal region of Northern Japan. It is found that the accuracy of 15-second average wind speed measurements by PPI (Plan Position Indicator) scan depends on the sector size. An accurate 10-minute mean wind is measured when the sector size is larger than 39 degrees and proportion of valid data acquisition is more than 10% of the time duration. The vertical and horizontal distributions of offshore wind speed in different wind directions are also analyzed and the effects of onshore topography on offshore wind conditions are clarified.

Analysis of Utaut Application on Digital Bank Usage in Jabodetabek

Digital banking is a form of adaptation to new threats and changes in the banking sector. This can be seen from the actions of major banks launching their own digital banks. Such as Digibank, Bank Jago, Jenius and TMRW which were founded by major banks in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of UTAUT variables on digital bank users in Jabodetabek. The analysis method used in this research is PLS-SEM with the SmartPLS 3.3.3 application tool. The data obtained in this study were taken using a questionnaire instrument with Google Form. The stages of analysis carried out in this study are starting from the outer model, inner model, and hypothesis testing. The acquisition of valid data that was successfully collected was 250 respondents. The sampling method in this study is non probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. The results of this study indicate that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence have an influence on behavioral intention and facilitating conditions and behavioral intention also have an influence on use behavior. In this study it was found that only experience can moderate the relationship between facilitating conditions and use behavior.

Slickline-Deployed Fiber-Optic Cable Provides First Production Profile for High-Temperature Gas Well

_ This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 215512, “Slickline-Deployed Fiber-Optic Cable Provides First-Ever Production Profile for High-Temperature Gas Well,“ by Stuart Berry, SPE, Expro, and Danu Dirya, SPE, and Graeme Cowie, SPE, TotalEnergies, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. _ Distributed fiber-optic sensing (DFOS) allowed the continuous gathering of flow-profile information from a high-temperature, high-rate gas well. The objective of the case study described in the complete paper is to demonstrate that thermal inversion modeling can be used to produce a production-flow profile in an environment where conventional production logging is not possible. As a result of deploying DFOS, data can be acquired at more-realistic rates. Through performing of thermal inversion of distributed temperature sensing (DTS) data and analysis of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) data, a more-accurate flow profile was achieved. Introduction Culzean is a high-pressure/high-temperature gas condensate field in the central North Sea. The main productive interval for the field is the Triassic Joanne sandstone deposited in a semiarid continental fluvial environment. The Jurassic Pentland sandstone deposited by meandering fluvial systems also contains significant resources. Initial reservoir pressure was 936 bar; the temperature was 170°C. The development consists of six production wells, five from the Joanne and one from the Pentland. While the reservoir interval is relatively thick, the depositional environment created a very layered reservoir with significant variability in reservoir quality. Flow-profile data over the reservoir has traditionally been acquired using production-logging tools with spinner velocity and pressure and temperature measurements. Production-log deployment can be problematic in high-rate wells, particularly when tubing is restricted because of pipe deformation or deposits in the tubing. In the Culzean field, several wells were selected for flow-profile monitoring. Previous slickline operations indicated that conventional production logging would be ineffective. Modeling showed significant tool-lift risk, meaning that the well could only be flowed at approximately 25% of its normal operating rate. A previous attempted production-logging campaign in the well resulted in no valid data acquisition but incurred a direct cost of $700,000 and a deferral of 10 days production estimated at a cost of $10.8 million. An alternative acquisition method was investigated to obtain production-profile data while minimizing risks associated with conventional production-log deployment. DFOS provides a continuous measurement over the entire length of the well for temperature and acoustic noise. A high-temperature slickline DFOS wire could allow Culzean well data acquisition under flowing conditions. Technology Selection Data acquisition was divided into a shut-in phase and a flowing phase. For the shut-in phase, a simplified production-logging toolstring was used to measure any crossflow over the reservoir section. The flowing phase would consist only of DAS data over the reservoir section, with a simple pressure/temperature memory tool in the sump of the well. The DFOS data would gather shut-in data before opening the well up to flow. For the conventional tool shut-in string, an inline caged spinner was selected.

Keystroke-Dynamics for Parkinson's Disease Signs Detection in an At-Home Uncontrolled Population: A New Benchmark and Method.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease disorder in the world. A prompt diagnosis would enable clinical trials for disease-modifying neuroprotective therapies. Recent research efforts have unveiled imaging and blood markers that have the potential to be used to identify PD patients promptly, however, the idiopathic nature of PD makes these tests very hard to scale to the general population. To this end, we need an easily deployable tool that would enable screening for PD signs in the general population. In this work, we propose a new set of features based on keystroke dynamics, i.e., the time required to press and release keyboard keys during typing, and used to detect PD in an ecologically valid data acquisition setup at the subject's homes, without requiring any pre-defined task. We compare and contrast existing models presented in the literature and present a new model that combines a new type of keystroke dynamics signal representation using hold time and flight time series as a function of key types and asymmetry in the time series using a convolutional neural network. We show how this model achieves an Area Under the Receiving Operating Characteristic curve ranging from 0.80 to 0.83 on a dataset of subjects who actively interacted with their computers for at least 5 months and positively compares against other state-of-the-art approaches previously tested on keystroke dynamics data acquired with mechanical keyboards.

Development of a digital model and metamodel to improve the performance of an automated manufacturing line

Digitalization in manufacturing is the conversion of information into digital format, the integration of this digital data and technologies into the manufacturing process and the use of those technologies (eg: simulation) to change a business model to provide new revenue and value-producing opportunities. Digitalization may be seen as the increased generation, analysis, and use of data to improve the efficiency of the overall manufacturing system. Simulation in manufacturing is often applied in situations where conducting experiments on a real system is impossible or very difficult due to cost or time to carry out the experiment is too long. A key input to the simulation model of automated equipment is the acquisition of valid data in relation to cycle time and reliability of various workstations on this line. As a consequence of being able to simulate equipment processes and interact with this validated simulation model, both the understanding of how the production system will perform under varying reliability and cycle time conditions is achieved. The simulation model then enables the experimentation of ‘what if scenarios’ that can be tested easily, while also providing a valuable tool to inform the maintenance personnel what station reliabilities they need to target in order to sustain a high performing manufacturing line. Simulation metamodeling is an approach to line design which is of great interest to design engineers and research experts. However, its application in automated medical devices manufacturing line design has never been well explored. The author has adopted an open-source simulation tool (JaamSim) to develop a digital model of an automated medical devices manufacturing line in the Johnson & Johnson Vision Care (JJVC) manufacturing facility. This paper demonstrates with a high level of rigour, fidelity and overall system design/approach, how a digital model along with the use of a metamodel can be used for the development of an automated manufacturing line in the medical devices industry. The digital model and metamodel can be used by manufacturing engineering teams to perform scenario testing during the design and development phase of the line or as part of the continuous improvement stage when the line is in full operation. The overall average absolute error when comparing the simulation model outputs to the metamodel outputs was 0.87% was achieved with the metamodel for the actual industrial application used by the author.

Validation of a Digital Simulation Model for Maintenance in a High-Volume Automated Manufacturing Facility

Digitalization in manufacturing is the conversion of information into digital format, the integration of this digital data and technologies into the manufacturing process and the use of those technologies (eg: simulation) to change a business model to provide new revenue and value-producing opportunities. Digitalization may be seen as the increased generation, analysis, and use of data to improve the efficiency of the overall manufacturing system. Simulation in manufacturing is often applied in situations where conducting experiments on a real system is impossible or very difficult due to cost or time to carry out the experiment is too long. A key input to the simulation model of automated equipment is the acquisition of valid data in relation to cycle time and reliability of various workstations on this line. As a consequence of being able to simulate equipment processes and interact with this validated simulation model, both the understanding of how the production system will perform under varying reliability and cycle time conditions is achieved. The simulation model then enables the experimentation of ‘what if scenarios’ that can be tested easily, while also providing a valuable tool to inform the maintenance personnel what station reliabilities they need to target in order to sustain a high performing manufacturing line.The author has adopted an open source simulation tool (JaamSim) to develop a digital model of an automated production line in a Johnson & Johnson Vision Care (JJVC) manufacturing facility. This research demonstrated how a digital model was validated for use. The validated digital model can then be used by the author/facility engineering teams to perform scenario testing during the design stage of the line. This simulation model can also be used as a subset of an optimization system to determine recommended optimum line parameters to maximize line performance, either during the line design or when line is in operation.

Thermoelectric properties determination of multilayered semiconductor materials at harmonic single-frequency excitation of temperature field

During several decades, interest in thermal electricity has rose rapidly [1,2]. Thermoelectric devices provide unique abilities and, therefore, are used in assemblies where any other way of direct or invert conversion of heat into electricity is difficult. For example, they are used for thermovisors cooling or combustion engines efficiency increasing [3,4]. The amount of thermal electricity application would significantly increase if thermoelectric converters efficiency will be increased up to 20-30%. The most promising variant of solution for the issue is the search for new materials with maximum possible thermoelectric figure of merit Z [5]. To achieve the high values of the parameter, it is necessary to ensure the lowest thermal conductivity of the material at the highest specific electrical conductivity and thermal electromotive force coefficient of a material. The materials with high Z are constantly searched for, at that, some new pages of material science and thermal electricity are discovered.When new materials are invented, the most important part of that process is produced samples performance tests. Most traditional measuring procedures show intrinsic shortcomings preventing valid data acquisition. Thereupon, we set the goal to develop the technology of accurate and quick measurements for integrated study of thermal and electrophysical qualities of thermoelectric materials. At that, it is supposed that all necessary characteristics of material will be measured simultaneously, the procedure shall be applicable for measurements within the range 100 - 450oK, moreover, for both homogeneous, and segmented branches of thermoelectric generators (TEG).This method is a kind of transient method and one of the easiest. Such methods were introduced as a class by Maldonado [6] for measuring both thermal conductivity and thermoelectric power of bulk materials. The advantages of these technics are good noise immunity, high information content, the ability to conduct experiments with small amplitude of electrical heating current, the independence of the measurement results from the initial temperature distribution and multiple process repeatability [7].At this stage, the initial mathematical model of our method is composed, its verification by means of numerical simulation is conducted, stand model for its experimental check is manufactured, and the first measurements performed.In this work, the principle of operation of the procedure in respect to the measurement of homogeneous sample thermal conductivity.

Discrimination of non-radiation backgrounds in the proportional counter of MARDS

The Movable 37Ar Rapid Detection System (MARDS) was developed by the Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry of the China Academy of Engineering Physics in 2006 for on-site inspections under the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. It is a small and portable system that can quickly acquire data at suspected nuclear test sites. In this work, digital pulse shape discrimination (PSD) was used to process data from test samples to reduce electronic noise. The experimental results demonstrate that PSD combined with principal component analysis can classify and reject many noise sources. Thus, the threshold for the signal can be set low, expanding MARDS valid data acquisition capability, especially in very low-level and low-energy counting situations.

An Integrated Measurement System for Pyromagnetic Effect of Prefabricated Defects Polymer Materials

There exist multi-field coupling effect in prefabricated defects polymer materials under loading. For understanding the pyromagnetic effect, it is crucial to accurately measure the coupling relations of the key physical quantities about displacement, tensile load, temperature, and magnetic field. To overcome the obstacle in current measurement systems for synchronized measurement, an integrated measurement system for multi-field coupling detection is presented to enable synchronized, automatic detection. This paper introduces the system structure, software design, and the detailed design of varied-speed PID control methods. Test results show that, the system is effective for valid data acquisition for displacement, tension load, temperature and magnetic field of a high polymer Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) plate sample under constant tensile load, and all test data can be visualized on the software interface. This system provides a good test platform for further research on pyromagnetic effect of PVC plate.

An Integrated Measurement System for Pyromagnetic Effect of Prefabricated Defects Polymer Materials

There exist multi-field coupling effect in prefabricated defects polymer materials under loading. For understanding the pyromagnetic effect, it is crucial to accurately measure the coupling relations of the key physical quantities about displacement, tensile load, temperature, and magnetic field. To overcome the obstacle in current measurement systems for synchronized measurement, an integrated measurement system for multi-field coupling detection is presented to enable synchronized, automatic detection. This paper introduces the system structure, software design, and the detailed design of varied-speed PID control methods. Test results show that, the system is effective for valid data acquisition for displacement, tension load, temperature and magnetic field of a high polymer Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) plate sample under constant tensile load, and all test data can be visualized on the software interface. This system provides a good test platform for further research on pyromagnetic effect of PVC plate.

A Multichannel Integrated Readout Circuit for High Throughput X-Ray Spectroscopy With Silicon Drift Detectors

In this paper, we describe a front-end ASIC for the readout of multi-elements Silicon Drift Detectors (SDDs) specifically designed for high count-rate X-ray spectroscopy applications. In particular, the focus of this design is on the maximization of the event throughput and, at the same time, keeping a high energy resolution. The readout of a detector array by means of 8 separate channels allows increasing the maximum count-rate of the system. The use of one or more of these front-end ASICs allows the management of several readout channels required by a multi-SDD detector within a very compact detection system, as well as maintaining excellent noise performance. The use of a very-fast high-order processing filter and of an efficient pile-up rejection strategy allows minimizing the pile-up probability and maximizing the event throughput of the single channels for a given processing time. The use of a 3-phase peak-stretcher, together with a fast output multiplexer, permits to minimize the dead-time during the valid-data acquisition, practically to a value limited by the pure overlap of the shaped pulses. The ASIC is designed with the possibility of operating with the input JFET integrated on the detector itself as well as to operate in combination with an external preamplifier. The measured noise-contribution added by the front-end ASIC is only 2.9 electrons at 1.8 μs shaping time and just 4.1 electrons at the shortest 600 ns peaking time, exploiting at best the speed capability. In X-ray spectroscopy measurements, the ASIC connected to an SDD coupled to a CMOS preamplifier has allowed to achieve an energy resolution of 126 eV at 1.5 μs peaking time and 115 kcps/channel input rate, and 144 eV at 600 ns peaking time and 800 kcps/channel input rate.

Technological Barriers in the Use of Electrochemical Microsensors and Microbiosensors for in vivo Analysis of Neurological Relevant Substances

In this paper is presented an overview of the technological barriers faced by the in vivo brain analysis with microelectrodes. Numerous microsensors and enzymatic microbiosensors have been developed for the real time monitoring of neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, drugs and diverse other biological relevant substances. A clear understanding of the working principle, advantages and limitations is essential for the acquisition of valid data in neurological investigations. Some of the aspects presented here refer to: microelectrode insertion and positioning related to possibilities to minimize tissue damage, spatial and temporal resolution of the measurements, actual controversies in data interpretation and sensor calibration, simultaneous detection of multiple analytes, interferences and state of the art in the development of wireless devices.

Mechanics of quality assurance – Now and in the future

Quality assurance work requires acquisition of valid data, as well as mechanisms for enforcing quality criteria, detecting (non-)adherence to these criteria, and for improving inadequate performance. This chapter deals primarily with the various tools available to acquire information at the various steps of the patient journey. Different challenges arise in the prehospital phase, in the endoscopy room, and in the follow-up phase. The endoscopy report is a vital tool for much of the quality work, but other adjoining systems may be equally important to ensure completeness of the dataset required to ensure the requested quality. Future development is discussed briefly, since many of the present challenges may be solved with improved mechanics.

Monitoring estuaries using non-permanent stations: practical aspects and data examples

This paper deals with the performances of non-permanent environmental monitoring stations when recording at high-sampling interval (hour) over a long term (months, years) within estuarine waters. Information about data quality and system maintenance requirements are provided based on the experience gained with an autonomous station deployed during 2 years at the Guadiana Estuary (southern Portugal–Spain border). The station includes (1) a multi-parameter probe for water quality (temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, chlorophyll and pH) inserted in a tube through a surface-floating buoy; and, (2) a bottom-mounted current meter. The main issues for the continuous acquisition of valid data were biofouling on the optical (chlorophyll, turbidity, dissolved oxygen), conductivity sensors of the probe and high sediment dynamics at the bed. The definition of a detailed maintenance programme is required for the lengthening of (valid) data time series. The typical variability of the parameters is described at seasonal and tidal time scales and episodic events are identified (coastal upwelling and high freshwater inputs). These examples illustrate how integrated data analysis is fundamental to define and understand the changes induced by specific events on several interrelated parameters, and, more generally, how these systems can contribute to a better understanding of the hydro-ecological processes operating in estuaries.

From Spy to Okay Guy: Trust and Validity in Fieldwork with the Police

********** Of the several sergeants in the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) whom I accompanied during eight months of ethnographic fieldwork in 1993 and 1994, one was an aspiring crime novelist. Not surprisingly, he set his stories in a police patrol division. After I accompanied him a few times, he introduced a character based on me into the novel he was writing. He told me that my character performed a useful narrative function: Conversations between the officers and the ethnographer al lowed him to introduce the essentials of police work into the story. Of great interest to me was the relationship between the fictional observer and the observed. Initially, the officers were suspicious. Because the ethnographer had received permission from the police chief to do the research, Everyone thinks he's a spy, the author-sergeant told me. However, over time the ethnographer gained the trust of the officers. By the middle of the story, according to the sergeant, Everyone thinks he's an guy. I came to believe that my fictional transformation from spy to okay guy mirrored reality. Initially wary and skeptical of my presence, most officers grew friendly and helpful with time. This transformation raises a number of interesting and important questions: Why were the officers initially wary? Did they behave differently in my presence; and if so, how? Why did the transformation occur? What do these dynamics, concerning as they do the shifting ground on which ethnographic relationships are established, say about the type of data I gathered and how I gathered them? These questions are important, in large measure because they point to one of the critical issues in ethnography--the acquisition of valid data. How can an ethnographer ever be sure that behavior witnessed is, in fact, natural in that setting? How to account for the effect of the ethnographer's presence on the behavior of those under study? And if their behavior is affected, should the ethnographer's data and conclusions be considered suspec t? It is validity that I explore here, in the context of my fieldwork experience. To do so, it is useful first to take a step back and assess where things stood when I entered the field. In the summer of 1993 the LAPD was a much-maligned and rigorously scrutinized organization. The beating of motorist Rodney King in 1991 had magnified long-standing concerns about police brutality, particularly in minority communities. Such concerns were legitimated by the so-called Christopher Commission, which exhaustively reviewed uses of force by the LAPD (Independent Commission 1991). The commission, named for its chairman, Warren Christopher, discovered that violent officers were insufficiently sanctioned, in keeping with an organizational culture that emphasized aggressive crime fighting. Public debate about the LAPD was further fueled by two well-publicized trials of the officers involved in the King incident and by the massive civil unrest that followed the officers' acquittals in the first trial. The mid-199os were, in other words, a propitious time for me to begin doing fieldwork with the LAPD. Because the LAPD was the subject of such scrutiny, I thought that my work would attract interest. But I was simultaneously afraid that officers would be reluctant to trust me and would modify their behavior in my presence. If they did, I was uncertain whether my data would be valid. Let me explain why my concern about validity eased over time, focusing on two primary points. The first has to do with how officers reacted to me. Reactions were, in fact, often fairly strong and expressed a range of puzzlement and worry. LAPD officers were unused to having people, especially academics, do ride-alongs. While I was with them in the field, officers were forced to decide how to respond to my presence--where to take me, what to tell me, and how to position me (literally and figuratively). But I came to see how they reacted to me not as obstacles to data but as data themselves. …

The Aerodynamic and Mechanical Performance of a High-Pressure Turbine Stage in a Transient Wind Tunnel

A new transient facility for the study of time mean and unsteady aerodynamics and heat transfer in a high-pressure turbine has been commissioned and results are available. A detailed study has been made of aspects of the performance and behavior relevant to turbine mechanical design, and an understanding of the variation of the turbine operating point during the test, crucial to the process of valid data acquisition, has been obtained. In this this paper the outline concept and mode of operation of the turbine test facility are given, and the key aerodynamic and mechanical aspects of the facility’s performance are presented in detail. The variations of the those parameters used to define the turbine operating point during facility operation are examined, and the accuracy with which the turbine’s design point was achieved calculated. Aspects of the mechanical performance presented include the results of a finite element stress analysis of the loads in the turbine under operating conditions, and the performance of the rotor bearing system under these arduous load conditions. Both of these aspects present more information than has been available hitherto. Finally, the future work program and possible plans for further facility improvement are given.

Establishing Proper System Parameters for Digitally Sampling a Continuous Scanning Spectrometer

A gaussian spectral line is represented as a true function of time and its power spectrum determined. With the use of this information and application of the sampling theorem, a relationship between system parameters such as spectral resolution, scan rate, amplifier band width, and sampling rate is established. Use of this relationship in establishing run parameters ensures acquisition of valid data by a digital sampling system.

Application of Acoustics to Determination of Permafrost Distribution: ABSTRACT

During the past several years, interest in the Arctic region as a source of petroleum has developed, spurred by the discovery of the North Slope petroleum deposits. A major problem involves the engineering properties and stability of frozen ground subjected to load-bearing stresses and the addition of heat from structures and heated pipelines. Acoustic data-acquisition systems, coupled with sophisticated processing, reduction, and analysis techniques, are used to determine the permafrost and/or seasonal ice distribution in the subsurface. Oceans International has evolved techniques for the acquisition of valid data. Sophisticated data-analysis techniques, which have been proved in other disciplines, such as aerospace telemetry and communications theory, are being applied to both the more general geophysical problem, and the specific permafrost-ground-ice problem. The reduced, analyzed data which have been developed, can be used to determine, measure, and evaluate those parameters which are most important in delineating permafrost. It is important that the analyzed data be displayed in both gross and detailed formats for proper understanding. End_of_Article - Last_Page 2498------------

Amniotic fluid volumes in the second half of pregnancy

The volume of amniotic fluid in 64 patients during the second half of pregnancy, using P.A.H. has been previewed. A total of 95 determinations were performed. The importance of prospective studies and repeated determinations in individual patients is emphasized as being essential for the acquisition of valid data, not only in respect to normal pregnancy, but also in the presence of such complications as pre-eclampsia and hydramnios.