Acoustic Resonance Method Research Articles

Estimation of the propagation distance of a sound wave in soil and the measurement range of an acoustic resonance method

Estimation of the propagation distance of a sound wave in soil and the measurement range of an acoustic resonance method

Low-Frequency Shear Elasticity of a Colloid Nanosuspension

The paper presents the experimental results of an acoustic impedance study of low-frequency (105 Hz) shear elasticity of a colloidal SiO2 suspension of differently sized particles in polyethylene siloxane liquid PES-2. The agreement of the experimental results obtained by different variants of the acoustic resonance method confirms that the low-frequency shear elasticity of colloidal nanoparticle suspensions is a bulk property.

Characterization of impact fatigue damage in CFRP composites using nonlinear acoustic resonance method

Accidental impacts may induce impact fatigue damage in carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composite and the progressive fatigue damage is difficult to detect by traditional non-destructive techniques. In this work, a nonlinear acoustic resonance method was proposed for characterizing the impact fatigue damage in CFRP composites. Based on the hysteretic nonlinearity of heterogeneous materials, a fatigue model was constructed to evaluate the impact fatigue damage and predict the residual service life of the composite material. Thereafter, experiments of pendulum impact were conducted on the CFRP composites and nonlinear acoustic resonant were measured to evaluate the impact fatigue damage. Additionally, the impact fatigue damage in the CFRP composites was inspected by an infrared thermography and an optical microscopy. The results indicate that the shift of resonance frequency occurs due to the stiffness degradation and the relative frequency shift has a good linear relation with excitation voltage and strain change. In addition, the damage index rises slowly at the beginning of the impact cycle and rapidly increases when the impact fatigue life exceeds 70%. The experimental results demonstrate that characterizing the impact fatigue damage in CFRP composites using nonlinear acoustic resonance method is an effective and reliable approach.

Speed of sound in the gaseous phase for HFO1234yf from 308 K to 370 K at pressures up to 1 MPa

2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO1234yf) has been regarded as a promising alternative refrigerant and gained increasing interesting due to its environmental friendly properties. The introduction of HFO1234yf requires knowledge of the accurate thermophysical properties. The accurate speed of sound data is important for the improvement of the dedicated equations of state and the application in energy-conversion system. The speed of sound in gaseous phase for HFO1234yf was measured by means of the acoustic resonance method using a fixed-path cylindrical resonator. Measurements were conducted in the temperature range from 308 K to 370 K with pressures up to 1 MPa. The speed of sound was obtained from the accurate measurements of acoustic resonant frequencies after being corrected for the perturbations from the viscous and thermal boundary layers, the gas filling duct, acoustic transducers and the shell motions. A total of 116 speed of sound data points were obtained with an expanded uncertainty less than 1.4 × 10−4 at the confident level of 0.95. The measured speed of sound shows good consistent with the literature data and the calculation of equation of state. The ideal gas heat capacities at constant pressure for HFO1234yf were deduced by fitting the measured speed of sound data along 13 isotherms. The determined ideal gas heat capacities at constant pressure are mainly consistent with the calculations of equation of state and the predictions of quantum mechanical calculations. A temperature dependent polynomial approximation of the ideal gas heat capacity at constant pressure for HFO1234yf was developed.

Spectral Regularities of Viscoelastic Parameters of Whole Blood Exposed to Periodic Shear Stress.

Theoretic and experimental study of viscoelastic properties of the whole blood exposed to shear stress was carried out with acoustic resonance method based on the measurement of gain-frequency characteristics of resonating needle in an ARP-01M piezoelectric thromboelastograph (Mednord). The study revealed regularities in the changes of viscoelastic parameters of the whole blood within 0-80 kHz frequency range of shear vibrations. In this frequency range, the elastic (storage) modulus G' reflecting blood elasticity increased with frequency and significantly contributed to the complex viscosity coefficient. The revealed gain-frequency regularities open the vista to employ the acoustic resonance method to determine the viscoelastic parameters of the whole blood and their coagulation-induced changes in the wide frequency range of shear vibrations.

Identification of eggshell crack for hen egg and duck egg using correlation analysis based on acoustic resonance method

AbstractThis work presents a novel method for eggshell crack timely detection of hen and duck eggs based on the acoustic resonance analysis. The developed experimental device consisting of an excitation device, an acquisition module of acoustic signals, and a personal computer was designed to generate and acquire the response signals by impaction on eggshell. The parameter of Pearson's correlation coefficients (PCCs) was calculated to compare the similarity between intact and crack eggs signals with various sampling points. The 200 sampling points of the response signal were selected as an effective response signal, which observed the values of higher than 0.85 and lower than 0.8 for intact eggs and crack eggs, respectively. Thereafter, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted to find that the egg individual and the impact location were two remarkable influencing factors to the response signal from intact egg. The cross‐comparison of signals from the same direction of each egg sample was proposed to get the PCCs and served as feature parameters. A universal linear discriminant function was built to distinguish intact and crack egg. In the conducted experiments, a crack detection level of 95.5% and a false rejection level of 5% were achieved using the mixed samples of 100 hen eggs and 100 duck eggs. From the findings, it can be concluded that the proposed method will assist in simplifying the classification algorithm and in advancing the applicability for multiple categories of egg for an online detection system.Practical ApplicationsEggshell crack produced during packing and transportation may lead to significant economic loss and food security problem. This article presents a novel method of eggshell crack detection based on the acoustic resonance analysis for different categories egg. The effective response signals selection method and remarkable influencing factors analysis method of response signal was conducted to weaken the random interference of noise and reduce the computation consumption. As a result, a universal linear discriminant function was built to distinguish the intact and cracked eggs, which can satisfy the requirement in sorting industry. The overall results sufficiently indicated that the proposed methods in this study have significant potential for online detection of eggshell crack with high throughput.

PD08-11 REAL-TIME MONITORING OF RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION RANGE OF RENAL TUMORS BY THERMOSENSITIVE LIPID NANOPARTICLES

You have accessJournal of UrologyKidney Cancer: Localized: Ablative Therapy (PD08)1 Apr 2020PD08-11 REAL-TIME MONITORING OF RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION RANGE OF RENAL TUMORS BY THERMOSENSITIVE LIPID NANOPARTICLES Linfang Yao*, Guanchen Zhu, Wenmin Cao, Wei Wang, Wei Chen, Ming Chen, Xingqun Zhao, and Hongqian Guo Linfang Yao*Linfang Yao* More articles by this author , Guanchen ZhuGuanchen Zhu More articles by this author , Wenmin CaoWenmin Cao More articles by this author , Wei WangWei Wang More articles by this author , Wei ChenWei Chen More articles by this author , Ming ChenMing Chen More articles by this author , Xingqun ZhaoXingqun Zhao More articles by this author , and Hongqian GuoHongqian Guo More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000000835.011AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of assessing intraoperative radiofrequency ablation coverage by using novel thermosensitive lipid nanoparticles contained with liquid perfluorohexane. METHODS: In this experiment, a new kind of thermosensitive lipid nanoparticle contained with liquid perfluorohexane was prepared by rotating evaporation and acoustic resonance method, which could be changed from liquid to gas quickly at 58-60 °C. Thermal phase transition of nanoparticles was observed in vitro water capsule heating experiment and agar-agar gel model radiofrequency ablation experiment. In vivo rabbit kidney VX2 tumor model was used for ultrasound imaging with the nanoparticles. Radiofrequency ablation alone and radiofrequency ablation combined with this thermosensitive nanoparticles were performed respectively. The formation of gasification area was observed with ultrasonic measuring system (Flex Focus 800 (BK Medical). The boundary temperature of the gasification zone was detected by the temperature measuring system(NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS Company, USA). The size of gasification area and gross pathology were measured, and their correlation was analyzed. RESULTS: Through in vitro characterization, the size of this nanoparticles was confirmed to be about 300nm. In vitro ultrasound experiments showed that the echo of thermosensitive lipid nanoparticles was significantly enhanced compared with that before heating. Radiofrequency ablation of rabbit renal VX2 tumor in vivo showed that thermosensitive lipid nanoparticles made the gasification zone generated by radiofrequency ablation more obvious, and the boundary temperature of the gasification zone was about 60?. The gasification zone is larger than the radiofrequency ablation range, and highly correlated with gross pathologic necrosis zone. CONCLUSIONS: Thermosensitive lipid nanoparticles contained with liquid perfluorohexane have the potential of thermosensitive phase transition. It is expected to be a new method for intraoperative real-time monitoring and evaluation of radiofrequency ablation boundaries. Source of Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81972388, 81772710) , Nanjing health science and technology development special fund project?YKK18076?,Jiangsu postdoctoral research fund?1701023B?, the Project of Invigorating Health Care through Science, Technology and Education, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory) (ZDXKB2016014). © 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 203Issue Supplement 4April 2020Page: e172-e173 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Linfang Yao* More articles by this author Guanchen Zhu More articles by this author Wenmin Cao More articles by this author Wei Wang More articles by this author Wei Chen More articles by this author Ming Chen More articles by this author Xingqun Zhao More articles by this author Hongqian Guo More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Preventing method of acoustic resonance in the high-pressure discharge lamps

Abstract The article analyzes available methods for preventing acoustic resonance of high pressure lamps. A new method is proposed, the main idea of which is the filing of a high-voltage lamp modulated by a pseudo-random signal. An analysis of the spectral characteristics of the signal entering the lamp is made, the mathematical modeling of the set of a “discharge lamp - prototype of the device” - is implemented, which implements the proposed control method of the lamp. The results of simulation and oscillograms, taken from the prototype, which confirms the results of theoretical research, are presented.

Development of a method for determining corrosion damage of fuel element claddings of a nuclear power unit by using acoustic resonance method in a hot chamber environment

As part of the strategic research program of state corporation Rosatom, carried out by the Technological Platform “Closed Nuclear Fuel Cycle with Fast Neutron Reactors”, a research to equip protective cells with original equipment, including ultrasonic flaw detectors for primary post-reactor non-destructive research of the properties of critical materials of fast neutron reactors, is being performed. In this paper, we present a method developed for determining corrosion damage of fuel claddings by the acoustic resonance method in hot chamber conditions, and a description of the experimental installation.

Nonlinear viscoelastic properties of nanosuspensions

This paper studies the dependence of the shear elasticity modulus and the coefficient of dynamic viscosity of the suspensions on the magnitude of the shear strain of nanoparticle suspensions in a polymer liquid. As the dispersion medium, polyethylsiloxane liquid PES-2 was used, the solid dispersed phase - silica nanoparticles and fullerenes. We used the acoustic resonance method for determining the complex shear modulus of liquids using a piezoquartz resonator. Studies have shown nonlinear behavior of viscoelastic parameters of suspension samples depending on shear stress.

Probabilistic analysis of electromagnetic acoustic resonance signals for the detection of pipe wall thinning

ABSTRACT This study proposes a probability of detection (POD) model for the probabilistic analysis of the detectability of electromagnetic acoustic resonance (EMAR) method for the detection and evaluation of pipe wall thinning. Forty-one carbon steel plate samples with an artificially corroded groove were prepared to simulate pipe wall thinning caused by flow-assisted corrosion. Experiments were performed to gather EMAR signals from the samples, and subsequently the depths of the grooves were evaluated based on the fundamental frequency of the measured signals. The results of the experiments showed that the error in evaluating the depth of a groove tended to increase with the depth. The results also confirmed that the surface roughness of the groove would contribute to the error, and the thickness of a plate without corrosion can be quite accurately evaluated. Analysing the measured EMAR signals using the proposed POD model, which takes these characteristics into consideration, and a conventional one confirmed that the proposed model can more reasonably evaluate the probability of detection against small wall thinning, as well as the false-positive rate.

Information-measuring system for monitoring the location of underground gas pipelines on the basis of improved acoustic resonance method

Instrument established on the basis new method of detection hidden channels and gas pipelines, made of both metal and non-metallic materials. For the operation of the information-measuring complex was developed and created soft-ware and hardware. Laboratory and in-situ studies have been conducted to confirm the performance of the proposed technical solution.

Measurement of Adhesive Bonding Strength With an EMAT in the Resonant Mode

Abstract The electromagnetic acoustic resonance (EMAR) method with shear wave is sensitive to boundary conditions and plate thickness. In this paper, a new noncontact ultrasonic testing method based on the electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) in the resonant mode is proposed for the bonding strength evaluation in metal-based adhesive structures. Different from the conventional pulse-echo method using short-burst excitation for bonding inspection, the attenuation coefficient feature of the resonant ultrasonic signal with long-burst excitation is applied to increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and detecting sensitivity of the EMAT for adhesive bonding strength evaluation. A theoretical model for adhesive bonding testing with EMAT signals in the resonant mode is established. To extract the signal feature representing the reflection coefficient, the time-domain signal was processed by Hilbert transformation and exponential curve fitting. Through the simulation on the received signal, the correlation between the attenuation coefficient of the exponent fitted curve and the strength on the adhesive imperfect interface were confirmed. Finally, the proposed correlation is verified by an experiment on stainless steel plates bonded with polymethyl methacrylate plates by epoxy adhesion via a permanent magnetic EMAT.

Use of Time-of-Flight Ultrasound to Measure Wave Speed in Poplar Seedlings

In this study, 145 poplar (Populus × euramericana cv.’74/76’) seedlings, a common plantation tree species in China, were selected and their ultrasonic velocities were measured at four timepoints during the first growth year. After that, 60 poplar seedlings were randomly selected and cut down to determine their acoustic velocity, using the acoustic resonance method. The effects of influencing factors such as wood green density, microfibril angle, growth days, and root-collar diameter on acoustic speed in seedlings and the relationship between ultrasonic speed and acoustic resonance speed were investigated and analyzed in this work. The number of specimens used for investigating growth days and root-collar diameter was 145 in both cases, while 60 and two specimens were used for investigating wood density and the microfibril angle, respectively. The results of this study showed that the ultrasonic speed of poplar seedlings significantly and linearly increased with growth days, within 209 growing days. The ultrasonic velocity of poplar seedlings has a high and positive correlation with growth days, and the correlation was 0.99. However, no significant relationship was found between the ultrasonic velocity and root-collar diameter of poplar seedlings. Furthermore, a low and negative relationship was found between wood density and ultrasonic speed (R2 = 0.26). However, ultrasonic velocity significantly decreased with increasing microfibril angle (MFA) in two seedlings, and thus MFA may have an impact on ultrasonic speed in poplar seedlings. In addition, ultrasonic velocity was found to have a strong correlation with acoustic resonance velocity (R2 = 0.81) and a good correlation, R2 = 0.75, was also found between the dynamic moduli of elasticity from ultrasonic and acoustic resonance tests. The results of this study indicate that the ultrasonic technique can possibly be used to measure the ultrasound speed of young seedlings, and thus early screen seedlings for their stiffness properties in the future.

Особенности релаксации сдвиговой упругости металлических стекол

Работа направлена на установление закономерностей изменения сдвиговой упругости, возникающих при структурной релаксации металлических стекол на основе Pd и Zr. Измерения модуля сдвига выполнялись на частотах около 500 кГц. Несмотря на отличия в физических свойствах исследованных металлических стекол (химический состав, стеклообразующая способность, температуры стеклования и др.), наблюдаются определенные общие закономерности релаксации их сдвиговой упругости при термообработке.
 
 ИСТОЧНИК ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯ
 Работа поддержана грантом Минобрнауки РФ № 3.1310.2017/4.6.
 
 БЛАГОДАРНОСТИ
 Автор выражает благодарность проф. В.А. Хонику за обсуждение статьи
 
 
 ЛИТЕРАТУРА
 
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Characterization of Directional Elastoplastic Properties of Al/Cu Bimetallic Sheet

The paper presents the results of the study aimed at determining the elastoplastic properties of an Al/Cu bimetallic sheet consisting of aluminum and copper layers, which were joined by cold rolling. The values of elasticity coefficients in three orthotropic planes as well as the Kirchhoff modulus, and coefficient of internal friction in the perpendicular direction to the lamination were determined. The subjects of the analysis were also the values of limit stresses, uniform energy of elastic and plastic strain per unit volume, and coefficients of the hardening curve and normal anisotropy. The tests were carried out on bimetallic specimens with varying thicknesses of the copper layer, cut from the Al/Cu sheet in the direction of rolling and in the direction perpendicular to it. Two methods of determining the directional values of mechanical parameters were used in the tests, i.e., the uniaxial quasi-static tensile test and the dynamic acoustic resonance method. It was concluded that these methods made it possible to determine directional elastoplastic properties of the Al/Cu bimetallic sheet taking into account the variable share of components in the bimetal and the direction of cutting out specimens from cold-rolled sheet.

Detection of heterogeneous deposits on the surface of metal structures using nonlinear acoustic resonance technology

Failures caused by carbon deposits have always been a challenge in hydrocarbon processes. In this paper, a nonlinear acoustic resonance technique was investigated to characterize heterogeneous deposits on the surface of metal structures. The amplitude-frequency curves of the fundamental and second-harmonic responses were measured at various excitation levels. Experimental results indicated that the dependence of the resonant spectrum of the second harmonic response on the excitation level is based on the status of the deposit. Moreover, two hysteretic nonlinear parameters related to the second harmonic, the hysteretic elastic nonlinearity and the hysteretic dissipative nonlinearity, were proposed for the quantitative characterization of the deposited layers. The developed nonlinear acoustic resonance method in the megahertz region was used for quantitative evaluation of carbon deposits in a pipe, and the feasibility of the method for assessing carbon deposits was demonstrated.

Experimental and theoretical study of multiscale damage-failure transition in very high cycle fatigue

Multiscale mechanisms of failure of metals (Armco iron, titanium, aluminum) are studied for high cycle and very high cycle fatigue. By correlating with the results of structural studies, a theoretical approach is developed to describe fatigue crack kinetics in damaged material under high cycle and very high cycle fatigue loading conditions. Stages of crack nucleation and propagation are analyzed using the profilometry data from the fracture surface. The scale invariance of fracture surface roughness is established, which allows an explanation of the self-similar nature of fatigue crack kinetics under high cycle and very high cycle fatigue. Variation of elastic-plastic properties of Armco iron under very high cycle fatigue is studied using an acoustic resonance method. It is found that the material density decreases during fatigue damage accumulation, with the minimum of the material density in the bulk of the specimen.

The study of dilatation evolution and elastic properties degradation in metals under deformation in gigacycle fatigue regime

The work is devoted to the study of evolution of dilatation and elastic properties in metals under deformation in the gigacycle fatigue regime. The deformation process was realized in the ultrasonic testing machine Shimadzy USF-2000. Two sets of samples at different loading times were investigated based on the hydrostatic weighing method and the acoustic resonance method. The proposed techniques were verified using Armco iron samples and then were applied to study the evolution of defects in sub-microcrystalline titanium Grade 4. The obtained results showed that fatigue loading leads to accumulation of porosity in the samples and a corresponding decrease of their elastic properties. This effect was simulated using a statistical model of defect accumulation, which revealed the influence of the sample surface on the fatigue crack initiation sites.

Study of Dissipation Properties and Structure Evolution in Metals with Different Grain Size under HCF and VHCF Loadings

The dissipation properties, evolution of the dilatation and elastic properties in sub-microcrystalline titanium Grade 4 samples loaded in HCF and VHCF regime were investigated. The dissipation properties were studied based on self-heating (Risitano) test. The mechanical properties (elastic modulus, amplitude-independent damping) and dilatation for a set of samples with different degrees of the life time exhaustion were studied based on the acoustic resonance method. The dilatation was studied by the method of hydrostatic weighing. The experimental results show the increasing of energy dissipation in submicrocrystalline titanium and absence the characteristic knee point on the graph of dependence of temperature rise versus stress amplitude for this material in self-heating test. The structural investigation shows the decreasing of elastic properties during fatigue loading and increasing of dilatation.