Acoustic Quality Research Articles

Magnetoelectric effect in a Metglas–langatate ring heterostructure for current sensing

The magnetoelectric (ME) effect was observed and investigated in a planar ring-type heterostructure containing mechanically coupled rings of magnetostrictive amorphous alloy Metglas and a piezoelectric single crystal langatate. The structure was excited by a circumferential ac magnetic field in the presence of a circumferential dc bias magnetic field. Due to the absence of demagnetization and the high acoustic quality factor of the langatate, a high ME field conversion coefficient of α E ≈ 53 V (Oe cm)−1 was obtained at the frequency 221 kHz of the fundamental radial acoustic resonance mode. The structure can be used as a non-contact ac or dc current sensor. The sensitivity of the structure to the ac current was 1.6 V A−1, whereas for the dc current it reached 4.2 V A−1.

Eclectic Voice Therapy Program in Hyperfunctional Voice Disorders: Evidence from Multidimensional Vocal Profiling

PurposeHyperfunctional Voice Disorder is a disorder of multifactorial origin. It can be speculated that an eclectic voice therapy program that uses combinatory approaches could bring about better efficiency of voice in these individuals. Nevertheless, very less attempts have been made to examine the efficacy of eclectic voice therapy using multidimensional voice outcome measures in the treatment of HFVD. Method10 individuals with HFVD in the age range of 20-55 years attended Comprehensive Voice Habilitation Program (CVHP), an eclectic voice therapy approach for 15 sessions spread across 3 weeks. A stroboscopy examination was performed at the baseline and post-therapy to track the changes in laryngeal functions. Further, perceptual voice analysis, Acoustic Voice Quality Index (AVQI), and Voice Handicap Index in Kannada (VHI-K) were obtained at the baseline, post-therapy, and two follow-ups to report the therapy outcomes. Related- samples Friedman’s Two-way Analysis of Variance by Ranks and Wilcoxn Signed Rank Test were used to note the pre-post and follow-up changes in voice outcomes. ResultsStroboscopy findings revealed significant improvement in movement patterns of the vocal folds and a reduction in ventricular hyperadduction. Perceptual ratings and AVQI scores decreased in post-therapy and follow-up evaluations indicating a decrease in dysphonia severity over time. In addition, a significant decrease in VHI-K scores indicated the alleviation of self-perceived disability/handicap. ConclusionThe current study provided preliminary evidence to support the efficacy of Eclectic voice therapy in HFVD by documenting significant changes in the voice-related outcome measures.

A Retrospective Study of Acoustic Measures of Glottal Stop Production to Assess Vocal Function in Unilateral Vocal Fold Paresis/Paralysis Patients.

The aim of this study was to determine (a) diagnostic accuracy of acoustic measures of glottal stop production (GSP; intensity differences, slopes, complete voicing cessation) to distinguish between unilateral vocal fold paresis/paralysis (UVFP) patients and controls; (b) if acoustic measures of GSP significantly correlated with an acoustic measure of voice disorder severity, acoustic voice quality index (AVQI); and (c) if acoustic measures from another type of voicing cessation, voiceless consonant production, also significantly differed between groups. Ninety-seven patients with unilateral paresis/paralysis and 35 controls with normal laryngostroboscopic signs produced two sets of five repeated [i] and four repeated [isi]. Tokens were randomized by type between groups and analyzed blinded using a customized Praat program that computed intensity differences and slopes between vowel maxima and glottal stop minima for inter-[i] tokens and vowel maxima and voiceless consonant minima for intra-[isi] tokens. The number of voicing cessations for inter-[i] tokens was obtained. Onset and offset intensity differences and number of voicing cessations from inter-[i] tokens had the greatest areas under the curve (.854, .856, and .835, respectively). Correlation coefficients were significant (p < .01) between AVQI and all GSP acoustic measures with weak/medium effect sizes. No significant differences were found between controls and participants with UVFP for acoustic measures from intra-[isi]. Acoustic GSP measures demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy and some relationship to severity of voice disorder. No significant differences in acoustic measures for medial voiceless fricative consonants between controls and participants with UVFP suggested that voicing cessation for voiceless fricatives differs from voicing cessation for GSP.

Comparison of quality of life in vestibular schwannoma patients managed with observation, radiotherapy or microsurgery.

In decision making regarding the management of vestibular schwannomas, alongside clinical outcomes, an understanding of patient reported health-related quality of life measures is key. Therefore, the aim of this research is to compare health-related quality of life in vestibular schwannoma patients treated with active observation, stereotactic radiotherapy and microsurgical excision. A cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed with unilateral sporadic vestibular schwannomas between 1995 and 2015 at a specialist tertiary centre was conducted. Patients completed the Penn Acoustic Neuroma Quality of Life questionnaire and handicap inventories for dizziness, hearing and tinnitus. Of 234 patients, 136 responded (58.1 per cent). Management modality was: 86 observation, 23 stereotactic radiotherapy and 25 microsurgery. Females reported significantly worse dizziness; males reported significantly worse physical disability. Patients less than 65 years old reported significantly worse tinnitus and pain scores. Overall, quality of life was higher in the observation group. Conservative management, where appropriate, is favourable with higher quality-of-life outcomes in this cohort. This must be weighed against the risks of a growing tumour.

Experiences of Patients with Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis: A Mixed-Methods Study of the Insider’s Perspective

ObjectiveUnilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) is often characterized by severe dysphonia and has a significant impact on a patient’s communication in daily and vocational situations. Having a better understanding of how UVFP influences quality of life and patient experiences can help improve patient-centered care in this population. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of patients with UVFP. MethodsTwenty-five adults with UVFP (age range: 39 – 84 years) participated in the study. Quantitative data were collected from 22 participants, using the Voice Handicap Index (VHI), Dysphonia Severity Index (DSI), and Acoustic Voice Quality Index (AVQI). Qualitative data were collected from 25 individual semi-structured interviews, which were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed with the software program NVivo. The interviews were coded using an inductive thematic approach. ResultsQuantitative results showed a mean DSI of -1.6, mean AVQI of 3.80, and mean VHI of 45.8 in the participant group. A statistically significant, moderate (positive) correlation was found between VHI and time after onset (in years). From the qualitative analysis of the interviews, four main themes were identified: emotional impact, psychosocial impact, physical complaints, and coping strategies. Voice problems caused by UVFP generally had a negative impact on patients’ emotional and psychological well-being, with considerable effects on participation, self-identity, and professional activity. Participants demonstrated a combination of problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies to accommodate to these issues. Half of the participant group also showed avoidance as a coping style. VHI scores were significantly higher in participants who reported experiencing current emotional and participation problems due to UVFP, and who had not yet accepted their new voice. ConclusionThe themes from this study emphasize the importance of focused anamnesis and emotive counseling in practice, with specific attention to the psychosocial and emotional impact of UVFP. Data Availability StatementData is available from the authors upon request due to privacy reasons.

Relationship Between Occupational Noise Exposure and Gestational Hypertension in Pregnant Women in Taizhou City: Cross-Sectional Study.

In view of the hazards of occupational noise exposure, this study investigated the relationship between occupational noise exposure and gestational hypertension in Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, China to provide inspiration and reference for reducing the occurrence of gestational hypertension. This cross-sectional study analyzed the clinical data of 316 pregnant women in Taizhou City admitted to Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University from May 2020 to May 2023. In accordance with Acoustic Environment Quality Standards (GB3096-2008), 60 dB was used as the cut-off point. These pregnant women were divided into the low noise group (LNG, n = 161) and high noise group (HNG, n = 155) according to the noise exposure level in the working environment. This also study compared the noise exposure, blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood lipid (BL), fetal size, and heart rate (HR), and analyzed the relationship of noise exposure with BP, FBG, BL, fetal size, HR, and occurrence of gestational hypertension. The HNG had higher noise exposure level (P < 0.001), BP, FBG, BL and HR (P < 0.001), larger fetal size (P < 0.001) and higher occurrence of gestational hypertension (P < 0.05) compared with the LNG. Correlation analysis showed that noise exposure level was positively correlated with BP, FBG, BL, HR, and fetal size (P < 0.001) and had the strongest association with gestational hypertension. Occupational noise exposure has adverse effects on pregnant women and fetuses. Pregnant women should pay attention to their exposure to occupational noise to prevent gestational hypertension. The results of this study must be further verified and generalized.

Apartment with Acoustics Environment Approach in Center Jakarta

Environmental acoustics have an important architectural role that has a major influence on the productivity, health and sustainability of cities. living and proximity to the workplace have become essential needs for workers and entrepreneurs in today’s era. As many still work using the hybrid system, where workers require a comfortable living space as well as a comfortable workspace to support productivity, meetings and work can be done in the same place. SOHO apartments provide a solution to this problem, but they are prone to acoustic issues due to their open plan and loft concepts. The large volume of space requires special treatment, especially in terms of reverberation time. Excessive reverberation time can disrupt the productivity of residents and workers. A quiet space is needed to support these activities. This study aims to explain how environmental acoustics can improve the quality of a room and increase productivity and healthy through the application of acoustic absorbent material. However, the use of absorbent material is not very good for the environment if its use is not appropriate, therefore the selection of absorbent material must be analyzed carefully, so that what is obtained is PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) material which supports all aspects of the SOHO apartment’s space needs and also material recycling up to 90%-99% which is good for sustainability. This study uses a combination method of observation and precedent studies. The results of this research involve the application of parameters to address acoustic issues in SOHO apartments and improve the acoustic quality of the space.

Occupants’ mood states in evaluating indoor environmental quality (IEQ) acceptance

Previous studies have developed many models for indoor environmental quality (IEQ) assessment. However, almost none of them included mood states that could impact occupants’ IEQ perceptions significantly. This study developed an IEQ acceptance model that considers occupants’ perception of thermal comfort, visual quality, and acoustic quality, as well as their mood as an additional IEQ parameter. The model constants are evaluated by a Bayesian approach with the prior estimates determined from seven existing IEQ models including 4 parameters (without mood). Two hundred fifty-nine students’ perceptions against the five parameters collected in a university library were used as the observed data to update the prior beliefs. The results indicated that involving mood in the IEQ acceptance model could improve the model's accuracy more significantly. Additionally, the updated IEQ acceptance model estimated that students with positive moods are more likely to accept the overall IEQ than those with negative or neutral moods.

Integrating spatial-temporal soundscape mapping with landscape indicators for effective conservation management and planning of a protected area

Protected areas (PAs) possess generous biodiversity, making them great potential for human and wildlife well-being. Nevertheless, rising anthropogenic sounds may pose a serious challenge and threat to the habitats. Therefore, understanding the acoustic environments of PAs and implementing proper conservation strategies are essential for maintaining species richness within the territory. In this study, we investigate the spatial-temporal variations of soundscape distribution in the Dashanbao Protected Area (DPA) of China, ultimately discussing the planning and management strategies. Firstly, to systematically analyse the spatial-temporal soundscape distribution of the reserve, we generated single and multi-acoustic source maps by classifying geographical, biological, and anthropogenic sounds. In the region, we installed 35 recording points and collected sounds using the synchronic recording method. Secondly, we conducted Spearman correlation analyses to examine the relationships between the sound sources and i) temporal variations, ii) landscape feature indicators. Thirdly, we identified the dominant sound sources in the region and their conflict areas through the cross-analysis module of Grass Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Finally, we provided sound control strategies by discussing landscape indicators and land-use management policies. The results show that even though there is conservation planning in the DPA, anthropogenic sounds dominate in certain parts of the reserve depending on diurnal and seasonal cycles. This reveals deficiencies in the DPA's current planning concerning the soundscape and highlights the effectiveness of spatial-temporal mapping. Additionally, our correlation analyses demonstrate that landscape feature indicators can represent how sound environment is affected by landscape. The patch diversity (PD), landscape shape index (LSI), Shannon's Diversity Index (SHDI), woodland, shrubland, and water distance (WD) were identified as the primary predictors for both biological and anthropogenic sounds. None of the indicators exhibited a significant positive or negative correlation with geological sounds. Consequently, to enhance and conserve the acoustic quality of the region, spatial-temporal mapping with landscape indicators can be employed in the management and planning processes.

Conscious walk assessment for the joint evaluation of the soundscape, air quality, biodiversity, and comfort in Barcelona

Abstract High environmental noise as well as poor biodiversity and air pollution pose significant challenges for the European population, particularly those residing in urban areas, impacting clearly on citizens’ health. The Conscious Walk initiative stands for an innovative hybrid approach to analyse citizens’ perception of their environment. Being a citizen science participative project, Conscious Walks involves both citizens and scientists collecting high-quality acoustic, chemical, biodiversity, and comfort data while walking in pre-analysed urban environments. The main objective of this proposal is to obtain comprehensive data encompassing both subjective and objective aspects related to soundscape, air quality, biodiversity, and urban comfort. All these elements are closely tied to the overall acoustic environmental quality of the places under study. The effectiveness of this methodology has been tested in various locations in Catalonia, including Sabadell and Barcelona. This contribution focuses on the evaluation of the soundscape in the urban centre of Barcelona, with a comprehensive analysis that integrates data collected by both citizens and scientists during Conscious Walks, air quality metrics, biodiversity, and human comfort information.

Wątki ekologiczne zwerbalizowane w albumie przyrodniczym Niny Grzelak "Poznajemy las"

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Ecology, as it is broadly understood, is an integral part of the contemporary life of humankind. Numerous ecology principles stated in various publishing proposals remind us of a human’s duties to the environment around them (including the forest). Acccordingly, the purpose of this article is to discuss selected ecological themes presented in Nina Grzelak’s naturalist album „Poznajemy Las”. The subject of linguocultural considerations, on the other hand, is the verbal content: verbal texts and/or verbal comments complementing the beautiful and carefully selected visual texts; photographs and drawings, which together fit not only into the nowadays fashionable ecological discourse, but also contemporary didactics and, above all, education. A thorough reading of the excerpted ecological and biological proposal makes the following clearer to understand: the peculiarities of the forest ecosystem; the habitat of the dead forest trees; the acoustic qualities of the forest, and it reminds us, among other things, of the pragmatic use of the forest tree, and pro-ecological human activities in the forest in winter. All this „linguistic and visual data” make Nina Grzelak’s proposal an unforgettable ecolecture, which while arousing people’s curiosity, and it has an eco-educational purpose.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Exploring the influence of appearance evaluation apprehension: How fear of negative evaluation affects quality of life in people with Vestibular Schwannoma

People diagnosed with Vestibular Schwannoma (VS) can experience several symptoms both pre and post-treatment. These, alongside the diagnosis experience, can significantly impact their daily life. The present research is a continuation of a larger study aiming to explore the impacts of symptomology and body image/fear of negative evaluation (FNAE) on the quality of life (QOL) for people with VS. The research design was exploratory and involved a nationwide survey with a total of 52 participants. FNAE was assessed using a measurement of the same name, and QOL was assessed using the Penn Acoustic Neuroma Quality of Life scale (PANQOL). Comparing management groups revealed a significant difference in FNAE with higher scores for surgery compared to radiation treatment. Regression analyses revealed that FNAE significantly accounted for 10.9% of the variance in QOL. However, no symptom was significantly predictive of FNAE. In conclusion, VS is associated with several symptoms that can persist post-treatment. Body satisfaction contributes to QOL and may differ between management types. However, due to inconclusive findings on the predictability of symptoms on FNAE, other moderator factors could influence these direct relationships. Future studies should evaluate the variables that could mitigate or protect from the impacts of FNAE for this population.

The sound of silence: children’s own perspectives on their hearing and listening in classrooms with different acoustic conditions

In this study, we investigated primary school children’s perspectives on their hearing and listening in classrooms with different acoustic quality levels. The sample included 213 children. The children completed a self-report questionnaire rating how well they could hear and listen in various situations in classrooms with two different acoustic conditions: Poor acoustic quality (long reverberation time [Long RT]) versus Adequate acoustic quality (short reverberation time [Short RT]) equipped with a sound-absorbing system. The results showed that auditory perception in the two conditions depends on the child’s age, with only fourth- and fifth-grade children reporting benefits from classroom acoustic correction. Our study provides preliminary results on children’s perspectives regarding their hearing and listening experiences during school learning, drawing out the implications for the design and implementation of school metacognitive interventions aimed at improving children’s and teachers’ awareness of motivational-affective, regulative, and environmental aspects favoring listening at school.

Therapeutic Singing and Semi-Occluded Vocal Tract Exercises for Individuals with Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Single Session Intervention.

Individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience speech and voice-related symptoms that diminish communication and quality of life. Semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT) exercises are targeted interventions that, when combined with the positive psychosocial benefits of therapeutic group singing (TGS), may affect outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of SOVT exercises, specifically straw phonation combined with TGS, to improve voice quality and mood for individuals with PD. We used a true experimental pretest-posttest between-subjects design (i.e., randomized controlled trial) facilitated by a board-certified music therapist. All participants (N = 27) were randomly assigned to one of three groups (a) straw phonation combined with TGS (SP + TGS, n = 10), (b) TGS (n = 10), and (c) speaking-only control group (n = 7). Participants completed voice recordings for acoustic measures and the Visual Analogue Mood Scale for mood analysis before and after a 30-min intervention. The results demonstrated significant improvement in voice quality evidenced by decreasing Acoustic Voice Quality Index scores following a single session for both SP + TGS and TGS intervention groups when compared to the control. Happiness scores improved in the experimental groups when compared to control. Although not statistically significant, participants in the experimental groups (SP + TGS, TGS) demonstrated better mean mood scores on happiness, anxiety, and angry when compared to control, indicating a positive psychological response to the singing interventions. Overall, this study indicated the effectiveness of SP + TGS and TGS as promising therapeutic interventions for voice quality and mood in individuals with PD.

Analysis of potential influencing factors for acoustic quality in patients with ectodermal dysplasia

Subjects with ectodermal dysplasia (ED) suffer from an inherited disorder in the development of ectodermal structures. They show a significantly reduced formation of teeth, hair, and a reduced number and activity of sweat and salivary glands. Recently, the voice of ED subjects has come into focus. It is assumed that the generally reduced glandular function is responsible for the altered vocal sound, although no specific cause has been identified. Previous findings included significant changes in the acoustic quality, the parameters derived from high-speed videoendoscopy, the laboratory analysis and rheological analysis of saliva samples as a substitute for laryngeal mucus. Based on these findings, we performed an extended statistical analysis directed towards the correlations between the different affected domains in order to reveal the contributing factors for the resulting acoustic voice quality. Although there were distinct statistical differences between ED males and male controls in the individual domains, only few statistical correlations were found between the subdomains i.e., acoustics, vocal fold vibrations and saliva composition/consistency. These results do not yet allow any definitive conclusions on the influencing factors of voice quality. A larger group of test subjects and analyses of the laryngeal mucus are required.

Summary of National Standards on classroom acoustics: The data collection

Improving acoustic comfort in classrooms is paramount for enhancing intelligibility, fostering student concentration, and alleviating the vocal strain on teachers. The global discourse on acoustic quality in educational buildings has intensified in recent decades, with each country establishing its unique set of building codes, standards, guidelines, and voluntary point protocols to delineate acoustic quality parameters. Geometrical and architectural classroom variations, influenced by cultural and historical contexts, further contribute to the diversity of approaches. The present work provides a summary that investigates and compares local standards across various countries worldwide, aiming to offer a holistic understanding of the classroom acoustic landscape. The motivation for this summary lies in finding regulations that are not easily searchable on Scholar or Scopus. It involves human interpretation and consideration of building codes, often in local languages. More than 70 experts, distributed across continents, were queried about his local standards, their enforceability, room criteria, design rules; and non-acoustic factors like classroom geometry, average occupancy, and flexibility of learning spaces. By synthesizing insights from diverse regions, this study aspires to provide a global perspective on the state of acoustic quality in educational settings, shedding light on potential areas for improvement.

Bottom water hypoxia suppresses fish chorusing in estuariesa).

Hypoxia in coastal ecosystems is increasing as a result of water quality declines from nutrient pollution. Hypoxia negatively affects fish populations and marine life, limiting their spawning habitats, population size, and growth. In this study, two approaches were used to understand the effect of hypoxia on the chorusing and reproductive behavior of fishes in estuaries. One approach used a water quality meter integrated with a prototype passive acoustic recorder, developed to monitor dissolved oxygen and fish chorusing simultaneously and continuously at sites with normoxic and hypoxic conditions. In a second approach, passive acoustic recorders were deployed near ambient water quality monitoring stations, monitored by the North Carolina agencies in estuaries where hypoxia occurs periodically. In both approaches, when hypoxia (dissolved oxygen < 4.0 mg/L) occurred, fish chorusing was diminished or ceased. A strong correlation was observed between bottom water dissolved oxygen and the power spectral density in a 100-200 Hz frequency band associated with red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus, Sciaenidae) calling. Passive acoustic monitoring stations and integrated passive acoustic and water quality meters should be used in estuarine hypoxia monitoring efforts to examine the expanding areas of hypoxia and its impact on fish critical spawning habitats.

Treatment Planning and Aberration Correction Algorithm for HIFU Ablation of Renal Tumors.

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) applications for thermal or mechanical ablation of renal tumors often encounter challenges due to significant beam aberration and refraction caused by oblique beam incidence, inhomogeneous tissue layers, and presence of gas and bones within the beam. These losses can be significantly mitigated through sonication geometry planning, patient positioning, and aberration correction using multielement phased arrays. Here, a sonication planning algorithm is introduced, which uses the simulations to select the optimal transducer position and evaluate the effect of aberrations and acoustic field quality at the target region after aberration correction. Optimization of transducer positioning is implemented using a graphical user interface (GUI) to visualize a segmented 3-D computed tomography (CT)-based acoustic model of the body and to select sonication geometry through a combination of manual and automated approaches. An HIFU array (1.5 MHz, 256 elements) and three renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cases with different tumor locations and patient body habitus were considered. After array positioning, the correction of aberrations was performed using a combination of backpropagation from the focus with an ordinary least squares (OLS) optimization of phases at the array elements. The forward propagation was simulated using a combination of the Rayleigh integral and k-space pseudospectral method (k-Wave toolbox). After correction, simulated HIFU fields showed tight focusing and up to threefold higher maximum pressure within the target region. The addition of OLS optimization to the aberration correction method yielded up to 30% higher maximum pressure compared to the conventional backpropagation and up to 250% higher maximum pressure compared to the ray-tracing method, particularly in strongly distorted cases.

Psychoacoustic analyses of urban noise from long-term monitoring—Findings and outlook

Urban noise is usually assessed using sound pressure level indicators to assess harmful noise effects. However, studies have shown that human responses to environmental noise are driven by psychoacoustic properties even beyond sound pressure level indicators. Although the value of psychoacoustic parameters for an improved characterization of environmental noise appears plausible and has often been shown in laboratory studies, a systematic examination of psychoacoustic parameters over long measurement intervals is lacking. In the research project SALVE+, long-term acoustic measurements at several locations in a German city were subject to psychoacoustic analyses and the location-dependent behavior of psychoacoustic parameters over time was examined. The measurements were analyzed to determine the acoustic quality of urban sound beyond sound pressure level and noise annoyance. Based on statistical analyses, the psychoacoustic properties of urban locations considering their land use are discussed regarding an improved characterization of acoustic environments. Based on this approach, the suitability of psychoacoustic parameters for mapping of spatial and temporal patterns is investigated. The presentation aims to highlight the value of noise monitoring in cities and analyze opportunities for improved urban noise management that additionally considers issues such as restoration quality and health promotion.

Influence of airflow and ligament tension on the acoustics of a biomimetic larynx model

The phonation process is a complex interaction involving the airflow from the lungs, the oscillation of the vocal folds’ tissue, and the resultant acoustics. To understand the underlying physical mechanisms, an experimental model has been designed that allow the control of flowrate and longitudinal tension of the vocal folds. A synthetic biomimetic larynx model was applied that features airflow-driven vocal folds’ oscillations. The longitudinal stiffness of the vocal folds is controlled using embedded ligament fibers. The model enables to measure aerodynamic and acoustic signals as function of airflow rate and the fiber tension. Based on the measured signals, the influence of airflow and fiber tension was statistically analyzed using the parameters F0, Psub, CPP, HNR, Shimmer, and Jitter. The statistical analysis revealed that both flowrate and fiber tension significantly influence acoustic and aerodynamic parameters. In general, the parameters showed different trends for increasing flowrate and fiber tension. Increase in fiber tension produced increasing parameters up to a maximum tension level followed by a saturation of the parameters. In contrast, the flowrate showed varying trends depending on the respective parameter. The results clearly show how flowrate and longitudinal tension control the phonation process and the resulting acoustic quality.