Achieving Universal Health Coverage Research Articles

Meeting the UN Sustainable Development Goals for mental health: why greater prioritization and adequately tracking progress are critical.

Meeting the UN Sustainable Development Goals for mental health: why greater prioritization and adequately tracking progress are critical.

Roles of Social Protection to Promote Health Service Coverage among Vulnerable People toward Achieving Universal Health Coverage: A Literature Review of International Organizations.

A wider range of social protection services, including social insurance and social assistance, are gaining global attention as a key driver of improved health service coverage and financial protection among vulnerable populations. However, only a few studies have investigated the associations between social protection and universal health coverage (UHC). Therefore, we conducted a literature review on relevant international organizations with respect to this topic. We found that many international organizations consider the wide range of social protection services, including social insurance and social assistance, essential for achieving UHC in 2030. In specific health programs, social protection is considered an important service to promote health service access and financial protection, especially among vulnerable populations. However, discussions about social protection for achieving UHC are not given high priority in the World Health Organization. Currently, the coverage of social protection services is low among vulnerable populations in low- and middle-income countries. To address this issue, we employed the metrics recommended by the migrant integration policy index (MIPEX). Based on our findings, a conceptual framework was developed. We expect this framework to lead synergy between social protection and health systems around the globe, resulting in healthy ageing.

Unmet chronic care needs and insufficient nurse staffing to achieve universal health coverage in China: Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

BackgroundAlthough China has made impressive progress towards Universal Health Coverage through the health system reform plan since 2009, chronic disease prevention and control implementations are still inadequate to meet the need at large. This study aims to quantify the acute and chronic care needs in China and examine the human resources for health and financial protection for the population to achieve Universal Health Coverage. MethodsThe data on disability-adjusted life years, years lived with disability, and years of life lost in China were disaggregated from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 by age and sex based on acute care need or chronic care need. An auto-regressive integrated moving average model was deployed to predict the supply gap of physicians, nurses and midwives from 2020 to 2050. Out-of-pocket health expenditure was compared among China, Russia, Germany, the US, and Singapore to examine the current status of financial protection. ResultsIn 2019, conditions requiring chronic care accounted for 86.4% of all-cause, all-age disability-adjusted life years in China, while acute-care-need conditions accounted for 11.3%. Approximate 25.57% of disability-adjusted life years in communicable diseases and 94.32% in non-communicable diseases were caused by chronic care need conditions. Chronic care-need conditions accounted for more than 80% of both man and woman's disease burden. The proportion of disability-adjusted life years and years of life lost attributable to chronic care was greater than 90% in people aged 25 and up. The nurse and midwife supply will be in absolute shortage and unable to achieve effective universal health coverage effective coverage of 80% or 90% from 2020 to 2050, while the physician supply will be sufficient to maintain effective universal health coverage of 80% and reach 90% from 2036. The out-of-pocket health expenditure decreased with time but was still relatively higher than that of Germany, the US, and Singapore. ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates the chronic care needs outweigh those for acute care in China. Nurse supply and the financial protection for the poor were still inadequate to achieve Universal Health Coverage. Better workforce planning and concerted actions on chronic care prevention and control should be taken to meet the population's chronic care needs.

Health Insurance & Humanoid ROBOT-Agents: A case study

The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Target 3.8 has emphasized the persistence of health risks as a major challenge for emerging and developing countries. This challenge necessitates the achievement of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) by enhancing the infrastructure of the public sector. However, relying solely on public sector healthcare may not be sufficient to meet the needs of large populations, particularly in underdeveloped regions. Consequently, private sector healthcare solutions have emerged to fill service gaps, but they remain unaffordable for many low-income individuals. To the end, Health insurance can play a crucial role in making these services more accessible and affordable, but it faces several challenges including poor accessibility, low awareness, lack of skilled workforce, and corruption. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) technologies can offer solutions to these challenges. However, the adoption of technology in the insurance domain poses behavioral challenges that must be identified and addressed. This is particularly important in developing and emerging countries where markets are still underdeveloped, and information asymmetries are high. This study examines some of these challenges by studying people’s attitude towards humanoid agents. For this study a case study approach has ben used. Overall, addressing the challenges of health insurance and incorporating advanced technologies can provide a vital safety net against health risks to people.

Achieving Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria: Current Challenges and Recommendations

Health is a fundamental human right upon which all other rights are built. Easy access to needed and affordable healthcare service is essential towards achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC). The achievement of UHC in middle and low-income countries of Africa such as Nigeria has however continued to pose a mirage, hence the need for a thorough re-evaluation and provision of sustainable solutions.
 This article aims at highlighting the current efforts in achieving UHC in Nigeria and the challenges facing its achievement, while proffering recommendations towards solving these challenges. 
 The Nigerian Government has made considerable efforts in promoting UHC; however a lot still needs to be done. Adequate healthcare financing has been found to be essential towards achieving universal health coverage in Nigeria; hence it is imperative that the Nigerian government and allied agencies continually create effective, achievable and sustainable policies and actions towards financing the healthcare sector, especially at the level of primary healthcare.

Understanding of the Readiness for HTA Implementation in Jordan as a Step Towards Universal Health Coverage

As Jordan strives to achieve universal health coverage, the mechanism for determining which health technologies to include in the basket of reimbursed services has become increasingly important. This study sought to understand stakeholder perspectives in the Jordanian health system regarding the readiness and need to implement health technology assessment (HTA) to support decision-making quality and transparency, ensure value for money on health system spending, and support the achievement of universal health coverage. This study used a cross-sectional survey methodology, and a quantitative analysis was conducted. A questionnaire based on the HTA implementation scorecard was administered in-person to capture responses regarding fourteen dimensions. Thirty-one responses from representatives across the Ministry of Health, regulatory authority, and other stakeholders in the national health system were collected. Most respondents were familiar with HTA and there was nearly unanimous agreement on the need for HTA implementation in Jordan. While the perspectives on how the implementation would occur were varied, careful consideration may be warranted in the areas of the legal framework for HTA, the quality of available data, financial constraints, and limited human resource capacity, as Jordan progresses towards implementing HTA on the road to universal healthcare.

Achieving Universal Health Coverage in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Challenges for Policy Post-Pandemic and Beyond.

Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) is critical for ensuring equity, improving health, and protecting households from financial catastrophe. The COVID-19 pandemic derailed the progress made across primary health targets. This article aims to review the policy challenges to achieve UHC in a post-pandemic world. A narrative review of 118 peer reviewed and grey literature was conducted. A total of 77 published articles were identified using an electronic search in PubMed and Scopus and a bibliographic search of relevant literature. Another 41 Reports, websites, blogs, news articles, and data were manually sourced from international agencies (WHO, World Bank, IMF, FAO, etc.), government agencies, and non-government organizations. The challenges were identified and discussed under five broad findings: i) weak public health care systems ii) challenges to building resilient health systems, iii) health care financing and financial risk protection, iv) epidemiological and demographic challenges, and v) governance and leadership. LMICs in Africa and South Asia face significant challenges to achieving UHC by 2030. As countries recover from the pandemic's aftermath, significant investments and innovations are needed to ensure progress toward UHC. Efficient resource mobilization through internal accruals, international cooperation, and resource sharing is needed.

К ВОПРОСУ О ФИНАНСИРОВАНИИ СИСТЕМЫ ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ В ЧРЕЗВЫЧАЙНЫХ СИТУАЦИЯХ

Today, a decline in economic and social indicators is noted and predicted, both at the level of individual countries and at the global level. Nevertheless there are such industries, the decline in indicators of which directly affects people's life and health. The article discusses the sustainable financing of medicine, which is a necessary condition for the effective functioning of the health care system and the achievement of universal health coverage, which presupposes the availability of sufficient resources and the protection of the population from the financial burden. The paper presents the indicators of financing the healthcare sector for certain groups of countries. The article uses the method of dynamic data analysis, indicating the need to increase funding for the medical sector.

Stakeholders' Perspectives of Healthcare Commodities Supply Chain Management Practices, Processes, and Challenges: Implications for Achieving Universal Health Coverage in Southeast Nigeria.

Healthcare commodities supply chain management is critical for achieving universal health coverage (UHC). In Southeast Nigeria, healthcare commodities supply chain management faces several challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, poor logistics systems, and inadequate human resources. Understanding stakeholders' perspectives of healthcare commodities supply chain management practices, processes, and challenges is essential for improving supply chain performance and achieving UHC. The objectives are to: explore stakeholders' perspectives of healthcare commodities supply chain management practices, processes, and challenges in Southeast Nigeria, identify gaps and challenges in healthcare commodities supply chain management and provide recommendations for improving healthcare commodities supply chain management practices and processes to achieve UHC in Southeast Nigeria. This study used a qualitative approach. We conducted in-depth interviews among 30 key stakeholders involved in healthcare commodities supply chain management in Southeast Nigeria. Stakeholders included healthcare supply chain managers and programme officers. We used a purposive sampling technique to select participants based on their involvement in healthcare commodities supply chain management. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. The supply chain management practices within the States is the pull system and the processes which include, selection, quantification, procurement, storage, inventory management, distribution, and logistics management information systems are done differently in the States. Several factors affect supply chain management in southeast Nigeria, and these include material, human and financial resources as well as policy issues. The study's findings will be relevant to policymakers, healthcare providers, and supply chain managers in Nigeria and other low- and middle-income countries facing similar challenges.

Health-Related Quality of Life between Insured and Uninsured Households at Rural Communities of Southwestern Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Background. Community-based health insurance (CBHI) is one of the strategies among others to be used for the achievement of universal health coverage (UHC) through providing financial protection to the citizens of a country. The schemes have been seen as effective in reducing out-of-pocket (OOP) payments and improving access to the healthcare services. This study tried to assess health-related quality of life between members and nonmembers of the scheme in rural southwest Ethiopia. Study Method. A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted between the insured and uninsured populations. A standardized WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used. Cross-tab and frequency table analysis were done to tabulate for monovariable and bivariable analysis. Multiple linear regressions were employed to determine associations by adjusting for potential confounders. The association decision was made after fitted assumptions and adjustments done by modeling. Results. About six hundred thirty-four (634) households completed the survey with a response rate of 97.2%. More than 90% of the participants were illiterate and elementary education completed and farmers. Most uninsured family members claimed that they had difficulty affording annual payments 72.5%, P < 0.001. Willingness to pay was higher for insured members of households (72.2%), P < 0.001. Being insured had experienced a higher quality of life than uninsured, β (95% CI), 4.15 (2.52, 5.77), and P < 0.001. Marital status other than married had lower quality of life experiences than married alone, β (95% CI), −6.83 (−9.75, −3.92), and P < 0.001. Male respondents were experiencing lower quality than females, β (95% CI), −2.49 (−4.25, −0.72), and P = 0.006. Family number of the household and quality of life had positive linear relations, β (95% CI), 0.87 (0.43, 1.31), P < 0.001. Conclusions and Recommendations. Being insured had positive implications for quality of life. Inhabitants have to be encouraged to the scheme membership.

Healthcare Access and Health Seeking Behaviors among Households in Katsina State, North-Western, Nigeria

Achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is one of the targets set by nations of the world when adopting the Sustainable Development Goals in 2015. The law establishing Katsina State Contributory Healthcare Management Agency (KTSCHMA) was signed on 27th December 2018 as Law No. 10 of 2018. The agency carried out the Household Baseline Assessment Survey to implement the Scheme across the state. This aimed at determining the households, access to healthcare services, and health-seeking behaviors among households' in Katsina State. It is a descriptive cross-sectional design study carried out across the state. In January 2020, 416 households were surveyed using multi-stage sampling techniques. The result shows that the majority (88.5%) of households have male heads, with (56.1%) having no formal education. Most (46.6%) household heads are self-employed, and only 9.6% of household heads are working in the public sector. The average household is made up of 6 members. The majority (95.2%) of residents visit healthcare facilities when ill, and only about 63.9% visit government health facilities as their first point of call for treatment, with fewer (15.2%) visiting chemists and pharmacists, usually without a prescription from a doctor. Access to healthcare facilities is also very high, with about 83.6% of residents living within 30 minutes of a healthcare facility. Full implementation of the scheme will improve healthcare coverage and utilization among residents of Katsina State.

Linking Organisational Justice to Malaysian Public Doctors’ Turnover Intention: A Moderated-mediation Model

Malaysia is working on achieving Universal Health Coverage for its people. On the other hand, the migration of experienced doctors from the public to private sectors is a significant hurdle to achieving universal health access. The scenario harms health systems worldwide, including Malaysia, where many public doctors have resigned from the Ministry of Health. One ground reason for their withdrawal was concerns about the justice system. A review of the literature revealed that a positive perception of organisational justice could inversely impact the level of turnover intention. This serves as a precursor that leads to actual turnover among organisational employees. To a certain extent, organisational citizenship behaviour and personal norm of reciprocity could determine the nature of the interaction between the variables with their mediation or moderation roles. Therefore, this conceptual paper aims to investigate to what extent the mediation of organisational citizenship behaviour and moderation of personal norms of reciprocity could significantly alter the interaction between organisational justice and turnover intention among Malaysian public doctors. The authors believe this is the first study of its kind to integrate organisational citizenship behaviour and personal norms of reciprocity in a moderated-mediation model involving Malaysian public health professionals, particularly doctors.

Oral Health Workforce in Africa: A Scarce Resource.

The World Health Organization (WHO) African Region (AFR) has 47 countries. The aim of this research was to review the oral health workforce (OHWF) comprising dentists, dental assistants and therapists, and dental prosthetic technicians in the AFR. OHWF data from a survey of all 47 member states were triangulated with the National Health Workforce Accounts and population data. Descriptive analysis of workforce trends and densities per 10,000 population from 2000 to 2019 was performed, and perceived workforce challenges/possible solutions were suggested. Linear regression modelling used the Human Development Index (HDI), years of schooling, dental schools, and levels of urbanization as predictors of dentist density. Despite a growth of 63.6% since 2010, the current workforce density of dentists (per 10,000 population) in the AFR remains very low at 0.44, with marked intra-regional inequity (Seychelles, 4.297; South Sudan 0.003). The stock of dentists just exceeds that of dental assistants/therapists (1:0.91). Workforce density of dentists and the OHWF overall was strongly associated with the HDI and mean years of schooling. The dominant perceived challenge was identified as 'mal-distribution of the workforce (urban/rural)' and 'oral health' being 'considered low priority'. Action to 'strengthen oral health policy' and provide 'incentives to work in underserved areas' were considered important solutions in the region. Whilst utilising workforce skill mix contributes to overall capacity, there is a stark deficit of human resources for oral health in the AFR. There is an urgent need to strengthen policy, health, and education systems to expand the OHWF using innovative workforce models to meet the needs of this region and achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC).

Innovative Strategies to Strengthen Health Service Delivery for Universal Health Coverage in Africa – A Scoping Literature Review

African nations have failed to achieve the mandate of health for all forty years after Alma Ata declaration. To achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC), government alone are unable to solve the problems of health service delivery such as lack of good infrastructure, poor management, inter-cadre conflicts, lack of skilled birth attendants amongst others. This review assessed the involvement of non-state actors (private sector/philanthropists) in achieving UHC in Africa.
 We explored eight databases and search engines using specific search terms. We retrieved and conducted a detailed review of 47 publications comprising published literature and reports focused on private sector/philanthropy involvement in achieving UHC in Africa, and explored the challenges and opportunities. We included both qualitative and quantitative studies published in English.
 Inequity and a wide gap exist in countries’ health care service delivery due to numerous challenges such as chronic economic instability, bureaucracy, poor healthcare financing, corruption among others. Review of existing literature suggests that as Africa embarks on reforms toward UHC there is a great need for involvement of private sector/philanthropists to support government in addressing challenges facing health care system. The type of involvement revealed were; provision of infrastructure (hospital buildings/facility, good roads), technical support, technological innovations, provision of diagnostic and therapeutic equipment, financial support and other support services. 
 This scoping review showed that private and philanthropist actors’ involvement in healthcare system have huge potentials to improve, restore and maintain health service delivery in African nations. This will accelerate progress towards the achieving UHC by 2030.

Improving service delivery at primary healthcare facilities for achieving Universal Health Coverage: Examining the effects of insecurity in such facilities in Enugu State, Nigeria

Background: Availability of health services at the primary healthcare (PHC) level is crucial to the achievement of Universal Health Coverage (UHC). However, insecurity of PHC facilities inspires unavailability of health services. From perspectives of primary health service providers, we examined the effects of insecurity at rural and urban PHC facilities in Enugu, Nigeria.
 Methodology: The study adopts a qualitative method using in-depth interviews and non-participant observation. The study sites were eight (8) PHC facilities (rural/urban) that were purposively selected. The first author interacted with the health workers and made extensive observations on infrastructure, policing, and other security gaps affecting the facilities.
 Findings: While health workers wish to provide services as stipulated, the fear of getting hurt or losing their properties to hoodlums scares them, especially during the dusk hours. Owing to infrastructure deficits and lack of security personnel, incidents of losing phones, stolen babies and facility items/consumables, and patients being attacked were said to be recurring. The absence of power supply during the dusk hours tend to heighten their fears, hence health workers close before it gets dark, not minding the consequences on health service users.
 Conclusion: The issue of insecurity of lives of both the health workers and their clients is paramount to the optimal use of services in the PHC facilities. Insecurity is a priority concern for the health workers, and if not addressed could cause them to completely shun working in certain areas, or shun their jobs completely, with dire consequences for the achievement of UHC.

Digital health information technology utilization for enhanced health services delivery in Africa: Unravelling barriers to adoption among Primary healthcare providers

In tandem with the current drive to achieve the SDG 2030 goals, the Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is been projected as a strong propelling strategy with key indicators, all aimed at achieving universal access to health services without having to endure financial difficulties in individual countries. Currently, Africa is lagging in meeting the targets of the UHC with between 5% -25% coverage across countries.
 Adoption of new innovations are critical for the actualization of Universal Health Coverage in Africa. Digital health technology offers one of such novel approaches to providing quality healthcare services and can help countries achieve the Universal Health Coverage targets. It has been suggested that digital health provides an opportunity to overcome the longstanding problems of inefficiency of health information gathering, sharing, and access. In addition, literature is already replete with various factors that can aid countries to achieve UHC and one of such factors is the urgency of generating valid and quality evidence to inform decision-making.
 Although the Primary Health Care remains at the core of the achievement of Universal Health Coverage, the utilization of digital health technologies remains very poor at the grassroots in Africa and this poses a huge barrier to effectiveness and quality of healthcare delivery. Given the foregoing, it is obvious that there is an urgent need to understand the landscapes, issues and barriers to utilization of digital health at the Primary Health Care levels. However, there remains a paucity of data to support evidence-based decision making about full implementation of digital health services across the continent while also taking into cognisance the peculiarities of individual countries.
 Hence, there is a critical need to determine the current levels of knowledge, skills, attitude, practice and readiness to adopt digital health in service delivery by healthcare workers at the Primary Health Care levels across the continent. The generation of such data from major stakeholders such as health workers and health managers, providers among others will provide important evidence needed for attaining optimal utilization of digital health in the context of health for all. 
 Summarily, a clear understanding of the contextual and implementation bottlenecks highlighted from such assessment(s), especially as it relates to individual African countries, will go a long way to guide decisions to address the low utilization of digital health technologies in health services delivery in Africa.
 Source of funding
 This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
 Acknowledgement
 The authors acknowledge the support of the Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Ibadan and contributions of Prof. G.R.E. E Ana, Prof. M.K.C. Sridhar, Dr. E.C. Uwalaka, Dr. O.T. Okareh and Dr. O.M. Morakinyo, in the writing of this paper
 CO is supported by Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa (CARTA) which is funded by the Carnegie Corporation of New York (Grant No--B 8606.R02), Sida (Grant No:54100029), the DELTAS Africa Initiative (Grant No: 107768/Z/15/Z).
 Conflict of interest statement
 The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the writing of this paper.
 Author contributions
 CO: Conceptualization; CO, PO and OF: Writing- Original draft preparation, CO, PO and OF: Writing- Reviewing and Editing.

Unlocking the power of communities to achieve Universal Health Coverage in Africa

Africa is at a critical time undergoing demographic, epidemiological, political and socio-economic transitions and faced with repeated outbreaks of emerging and remerging diseases amidst other broader challenges of climate change, environmental degradation and pollution testing the resilience of its health systems and hindering progress to achieve health for all. Five years into the journey towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the continent – similar to the rest of the world – has been gripped with the Corona virus disease pandemic that has caused significant morbidity and mortality as well as severely disrupted health systems and the underlying socioeconomic determinants of health. One of the most significant SDG targets is the achievement of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) where all people have access to quality health services they need without inflicting a financial hardship on them. However, progress towards this target has been slow on the continent and requires rethinking the current approaches employed. We argue that Africa’s key strength lies in the communities whose potential should be unlocked to build cost effective and sustainable bottom-up health systems founded on Primary Health Care (PHC). Such systems should be founded on community-based services, designed around individuals, families and the community involving community health workers and other actors, and capitalising on health promotion and disease prevention approaches. A strong community health system should be adequately linked to district, regional and national levels working together to empower and serve populations to make health for all a reality.

Effective communication approaches as tool for achieving Universal Health Coverage through social health insurance in Nigeria.

National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) designed various Social Health Insurance programmes to achieve universal coverage in healthcare delivery in the country. The Scheme is adjudged to have failed to achieve its primary objective, especially in the informal sector, due to communication lapses. This study has employed an integrative literature review method to appraise the principles underlying effective health communication, the communication approaches of the NHIS, and recommended plausible alternatives. Media integration, advocacy campaign, social media, domestications of ICTs, communication in multiple languages, and active involvement of communities in the programme were found to imbibe some practical communication principles that can help improve communications to a target audience.

Managing Antimicrobial Resistance from Medical and Veterinary Health Sys-tems Perspectives to Achieving Universal Health Coverage in the African Re-gion

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a threat to global health security and may reverse the gains in preventive medicine. This is worsened by the fact that development of resistance out-paces that of new antimicrobials. The factors driving the development of AMR range from health systems to socio-economic and environmental factors. These include poor antimicrobial stewardship, poor access to quality drugs, prescribing antimicrobials without susceptibility laboratory tests, use of antimicrobials in crop, animal production and aquaculture farming. Others are lack of coordinated medical and veterinary health systems strengthening, poor universal health coverage and practice of one health. The burden of the problem is of public health importance especially in Africa where there is high incidence of poverty, high incidence of out-of-pocket health expenditure, lack of basic social amenities and weak health systems with poor collaboration. The impact of AMR includes increased burden on the healthcare system, hospital admission, cost of patient treatment, poor clinical outcomes and impact on food security, among others. In view of the interplay of various systems and factors in the development and emergence of AMR, there is need for multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary approach at global, regional, national and local levels for its prevention and mitigation. Strengthening of health systems from the medical and veterinary perspectives and universal health coverage are critical in the fight against AMR. The relevant stakeholders include political leaders, community leaders, health professionals, academics, and research institutions, federal and state ministries of health, agriculture, education and Nongovernmental organisations among others.
 Conflict of interest: None declared

Incorporating mHealth Interventions into Kenya’s Health Infrastructure to Augment Universal Health Coverage, Service Delivery Improvement Approach

mHealth is the use of mobile and wireless devices to improve health outcomes, healthcare services, and health research. An estimated 68% of the world’s population own mobile phones, with Kenya having approximately 80% of mobile phone penetration. This makes it feasible to accelerate the uptake of mHealth interventions to improve health services delivery. While some evidence has shown how various forms of mHealth interventions have been used to transform health services, health outcomes, and health research in Kenya and globally, many remain largely anecdotal or undocumented. This paper examines the various forms of mHealth interventions that have been incorporated into Kenya’s health infrastructure, and their effectiveness in improving health services delivery in Kenya. A systematic review of peer-reviewed articles, policy briefs, and credible materials published on mHealth have shown that mHealth has succeeded in the health infrastructure such as in collecting and transferring health and patient data, remote diagnosis, treatment, and patient follow-up. The paper also examines the barriers around the uptake of mHealth interventions and recommends how these interventions can be integrated into Kenya’s health infrastructure. Even though there is every reason to believe that mHealth can allow limited resource settings to “leapfrog” over more advanced settings in using mobile technologies to improve health services delivery, mHealth is not a panacea. There are limited will and resources to scale up and integrate mHealth into the health infrastructure with attempted integration met with a negative attitude from the strained health workforce who still view mHealth as additional work, among other challenges. Despite the challenges, there may be an opportunity for Kenya’s Government to leverage mobile and wireless devices to improve the delivery of health services to areas that were previously unreachable, thereby fast-tracking its commitment to achieving Universal Health Coverage.