Accessions of Adesmia DC. species of bicolores and psoraleoides series, native of Rio Grande do Sul State were studied regarding to chromosome numbers (in 11 acessions of 5 species), karyotypes (in 5 accessions of a 4 species), meiotic behaviour (in 8 accessions of 5 species), forage quality through analysis of crude protein (CP) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMO) (in 9 accessions of 5 species). Some studied accessions were conducted in field for collections of inflorescences to meiosis and forage quality analysis. In the determination of the chromosome numbers and analyse of karyotypes roots were used with 2-5mm pretreated in tap water at 0°C for 14 hours, fixed in (3: 1) ethanol:acetic acid for 4 hours at room temperature, and stored in 70% ethanol in the refrigerator. In the preparation of slides an enzymatic digestion of cellular parede in 2% pectinase + celulase, squashes in 45% acetic acid and staining in 2% acetic orcein was applied. To the analysis of meiotic behaviour the inflorescences were fixed in (3: 1) ethanol-acetic acid at 4°C for 24 hours. The stain used was 1 % acetic orcein. The analysis of forage quality were conducted in plants cutted when the first inflorescence of each accession appeared. All species studied regarding to the chromosome numbers are diploid and in A. incana var. incana besides two diploid races, there was one tetraploid race. A. incana shouldn't considered a only tetraploid species, as it had been considered till now. The species analysed regarding to Karyotypes presents differences related with the number of metacentric chromosomes, size of chromosomes and total size of complement (TSC), witch allow the karyotype distinction among some of them. A. bicolor seems be the more ancient among the analysed species due to its high karyotype symmetry and its high TSC, among the diploid accessions. A. tristis seems be the more recent among the analysed species, because it's high karyotype asymmetry. The meiotic behaviour of the species in essentially normal, with meiotic index (MI) over 90%, with exception af A. latifolia M1568 (MI=88.92%), and high pollen grain viability, suggesting meiotically stable and potentially fertile plants, probably without problems for utilization in programs of selection and erossing and viable seeds produetion. There is big variability among the accessions of A. latifolia and A. incana var. incana regarding to the IVOMO, wich can will be explorated in breeding programs. The IVOMD are related with the way of growing of the plants, being high in prostrated species.