Acehnese Language Research Articles

An analysis of Acehnese archaic words among North Acehnese speakers

This study concerned about the Acehnese archaic words in Lhokseumawe. The aims were to find out the archaic words, their replacements and their extinction factors. The researcher used qualitative descriptive methods and analyzed using three interactive models; data reduction, data display and verification. The result of this study showed that they are sixty Acehnese words given by informants; 32 words referred to archaism and 25 words referred to semi-archaism, and 3 words referred to non-archaism. 12 of 32 archaic words were replaced and 20 others were not. This condition was caused by the word-borrowing factors from second and foreign languages and also the lifestyle. Therefore, we need to teach Acehnese language to the future generation and introduce the Acehnese archaic words to especially the Acehnese in Lhokseumawe by studying and documenting the language and the archaic words as the language is a part of local cultures.

Character Education in an Acehnese Cultural Saga: Hikayat Prang Sabi

The research sought to understand the value of patriotism in the Hikayat Prang Sabi by using a qualitative approach. Hikayat was referred to narratives (saga) of war rooted in Acehnese cultural tradition, and Prang Sabi in Acehnese language meant ‘Holy War’. As a literary work, Hikayat Prang Sabi embodied the concept of jihad, which was usually sung during the time of war in the Acehnese history: Portuguese in 1511, Dutch in 1873, Japan in 1942, and the Republic of Indonesia in 1976. The source of the data was verses or stanzas of Hikayat Prang Sabi that contained patriotic values. These verses were then treated as the unit of analysis. A hermeneutic approach was employed to analyze the data. The findings show that Hikayat Prang Sabi contains two types of patriotic values: national and religious. National value refers to the sense of nationalism, ethnicity, and humanity. Religious value, on the other hand, displays the value of spirituality, prophecy, and peace. These values indicate the foundation of thinking and doing of the Acehnese people manifested in a literary work, which then can be transferred into the notion of character education.

Analyzing the humorous communicative interactions during the wartimes in Aceh

Prolonged armed conflicts between the Government of Indonesia and the Free Aceh Movement/Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (GAM) happened from 1976 to 2005. The three-decade-vertical political conflicts have received worldwide attention in research, except its humorous sides. This study attempted to capture the types and styles of humor within the memories of Aceh society. To do so, this qualitative study used interviews and document analysis to interview 20 Acehnese people from five districts in Aceh province who experienced the vertical wars in Aceh and analyze written resources. The research found that there are many types and styles of humor that happened unintentionally as the result of the speakers’ mistranslating and miscode-mixing from Acehnese language to Indonesian language during unexpected interactions. Most of the humor occurring during the wars in Aceh fall into the incongruity theory, the verbal pun style, and the self-enhancing style. The findings of the study provide insights on the humorous side of the long wars through communicative interactions in Aceh that are useful to relieve tension when remembering the bitterness of the wars.

BULUT OR BASAH? WHICH WET IS PRESERVED? AN INVESTIGATION OF DISAPPEARING ACEHNESE ADJECTIVES AMONG YOUNG SPEAKERS

Purpose of the study: This study was aimed at finding out the potentially disappearing adjectives in Acehnese and the reasons that may contribute to the disappearance by looking at the backgrounds of participants and their language use.
 Methodology: This is a sociolinguistic study employing questionnaires, wordlist interviews, and focus group interviews (FGI) as methods of data collection. Fifty Acehnese adjectives extracted from the Swadesh list were tested to 10 younger speakers (age 13-14), who were selected out of 113 respondents who returned the questionnaires. The selection criteria are considered to include age, origin, and parents’ origin. The respondents were all students of years 7 and 8 of a junior high school in a suburban area of Banda Aceh, considered the hot spot for the contact between Indonesian language speakers and Acehnese language speakers. Responses of the 10 participants interviewed were qualitatively analyzed to get the insights and circumstances of the use of the targeted adjectives.
 Main Findings: The findings of this study show that 50% of the number of tested words was only known to 50% of the participants interviewed. While the other half of the participants show varied knowledge and understanding of the tested adjectives, the questionnaire response also indicates that these young speakers’ rather negative attitudes toward the Acehnese point to the decreasing domains of language use.
 Applications of this study: The finding of this study is expected to contribute to the field of sociolinguistics in the way that it informs about the status and vitality of Acehnese Language from the specific segment of its speakers, which can be taken into consideration in the language policymaking.
 Novelty/Originality of this study: This study looks at which vocabulary items (from Swadesh list) are still known to the younger speakers of Acehnese. Specifically, this study focused on the adjectives in Acehnese, which are still familiar to the speakers and which are not.

Acehnese Onomatopoeias: Investigating, Listing, and Interpreting Their Meanings

Sound-imitating words, called onomatopoeia, present in most of languages in the world including Acehnese language, one of traditional languages in Indonesia, in which a great deal of onomatopoeias exist in it due to its unique constructions of onomatopoeia. Otherwise, this research aims at finding out kinds of Acehnese onomatopoeias understood and spoken among native Acehnese people by using Pidie dialect. Thus, five people in the Pidie Jaya regency were sorted out to be the subject informants by actualizing purposive and snowball technique. Moreover, a descriptive qualitative method was manifested in the research by actualizing some instruments to get the data such as structured interviewing and documentation. Hence, all of the data were interpreted in words by listing, transcribing their phonetics orderly, as well as describing both their function and meaning. A three-step analysis – data reduction, data verification, and data display-- was employed to describe the data gathered. Result of the research reveals that Acehnese Onomatopoeias covers a wide range of expressions in sound-imitating words in which are categorized into three big classes; Phonomimes which includes auditory impressions of various imitative sounds of animals, objects, oral-related sounds, nasal-related sounds, action-related sounds; Phenomimes -- mimetic words to describe objects’ condition and human’s activities such as visual impressions, attitude-related impressions -- characteristics, laughing manners, speaking manners -- object condition impressions, body trait impressions; Psychomimes – symbolizing psychological state or inner feelings – include sensation impressions like taste, smell, temperature, inner sensation impressions such as headache sensations, skin ache sensations, body ache sensations, and emotional impressions like crying and nervousness. Still, most of Acehnese onomatopeic words are in forms of repetition and nasalization which seems to be more unique compared to other languages.

Grammatical Interference in the Aceh Language in the Use of Indonesian Writing Variety of 7th Grade Students of Junior High School 1 Indrapuri Aceh Besar District and Their Utilization as Teaching Materials in Learning to Write Narrative Texts

This study aims to describe: (1) forms of basic word interference and derivatives of Acehnese language in Indonesian narrative essays, (2) forms of Acehnese sentence pattern interference in narrative essays, (3) their use as teaching language in learning to write narrative texts. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The subjects of this study were students of class VII-A and students of class VII-Byang totaling 65 people. The results showed there were grammatical interference and their use as teaching materials in learning to write narrative texts. As for the morphological interference form in the base word there are 15 data and in the word derivative (affixation) there are 37 data consisting of: prefix (prefix) meu- 6 data, data peu- 2, data te-6, data si-5, and financial - 1 data. Inserts (infix) consist of -eun- 2 data, -eum- 3 data and -eul- 1 data. The suffix consists of –an 2 data, and -kon 2 data. The prefix and suffix consist of data 2 and data 2 data. While for the form of repetition (reduplication) there are 3 data. Form of interference at the level of syntax (sentence patterns) there are 9 data consisting of S-P 3 data, S-P-O 1 data, S-P-Pel 1 data, S-P-O-Pel 1 data, S-P-O-K 1 data, and S-P-K 2 data. For its use as teaching material in learning to write narrative text, the writer makes a hand out.

ACEHNESE ONOMATOPOEIAS: INVESTIGATING, LISTING, AND INTERPRETING THEIR MEANINGS

Sound-imitating words, called onomatopoeia, presents in most of languages in the world including Acehnese language, one of traditional languages in Indonesia, in which a great deal of onomatopoeias exist in it due to its unique constructions of onomatopoeia. This research aims at finding out kinds of Acehnese onomatopoeias understood and spoken among native Acehnese people by using Pidie dialect. Thus, five people in the Pidie Jaya regency were sorted out to be the subject informants by actualizing purposive and snowball technique. Moreover, a descriptive qualitative method was manifested in the research by actualizing some instruments to get the data such as structured interviewing and documentation. Hence, all of the data were interpreted in words by listing, transcribing their phonetics orderly, as well as describing both their function and meaning. A three-step analysis – data reduction, data verification, and data display-- was employed to describe the data gathered. Result of the research reveals that Acehnese Onomatopoeias covers a wide range of expressions in sound-imitating words which are categorized into three big classes; Phonomimes which includes auditory impressions of various imitative sounds of nature; Phenomimes -- mimetic words to describe objects’ condition and human’s activities; and Psychomimes – symbolizing psychological state or inner feelings. Still, most of Acehnese onomatopeic words are in forms of repetition and nasalization which seems to be more unique compared to other languages.

Acehnese adolescents’ awareness of Acehnese idiom and simile

Acehnese language is rich in its figurative languages such as in forms of idioms and similes. Acehnese people have been magnifying the idioms and similes over decades to soften utterances, and they are inherited from generation to generation. Consequently, this study aimed at investigating Acehnese adolescents’ understanding of Acehnese idioms and similes. Qualitative research designed was used, and data were collected through a questionnaire consisting of 10 Acehnese figurative language expressions. There were 51 respondents, aged within 18-21 years old who all are indigenous Acehnese. The result suggests that Acehnese adolescents are still knowledgeable about them. There is 72.8% of respondents who are considered to understand the idioms asked in the questionnaire set. Meanwhile, those who did not understand the expressions come from different language continuum areas. In conclusion, Acehnese adolescents are still aware of the Acehnese figurative language, and this positivity shall help in preserving the values of Acehnese language for the next generation to come.

CAUSATIVE CONSTRUCTION OF ACEH LANGUAGE: TYPOLOGY APPROACH

This study discusses causative construction in Acehnese language typologically. The problems studied were (1) the type of causative construction of the Aceh language typologically, (2) the relationship of the causative construction of Aceh language in typology, and (3) structures that establish the causative construction of Acehnese language. Research data, both oral and written, were obtained by speaking and listening methods. All data are examined by the identity and distributional methods. The results of the study showed that typologically the causative construction of Aceh language consists of morphological causative, lexical causative and analytic causative. Aceh language causative construction in this paper is investigated through parameters of semantics and formal. This construction was produced by combination of clause and conjunction ‘kerna’ or ‘seubap’; using analytical causative verb ‘peugot’ and ‘geuyu’; morphological causative affixes ‘meu-‘, ‘peu-‘ and ‘seu-‘; and using certain lexical causative in which have causative meaning. The relationship of the causative construction of the Aceh language in a syntactic typology, namely causative morphology and lexical causative was included in the causative construction of monoclauses, whereas analytic causative was included in the causative construction of biclauses. Structurally, testing is done by pinning syntactic operations, hence causative analytic was formed by biclauses structures, while lexical and morphological causative was formed by monoclausal structures.

The Attitude of the Language of Ex-Combatans and the Victims of Armed Conflict of Aceh Post-MoU Helsinki

This study aims to describe the attitude of ex-combatants and conflict victim of Aceh post-MoU Helsinki to the use of language, both Indonesian as a national language and Acehnese as one of the dominant regional languages in Aceh. This project is done within the purpose of Indonesian guidance, protection and defense as the language of unity and language of Aceh as one of the mother tongues in the archipelago. The targets of the annual achievements of this research are as follows: (1) scientific publications, both accredited national scientific journals and international scientific journals, (2) papers in scientific meetings, and (3) ISBN textbooks. The result of the research showed that the attitude of the ex-combatants in the post-MoU Helsinki was positively conflicting, both to the Indonesian language as the national and the Acehnese language as one of the regional languages in Aceh.

The shift of Acehnese language: A sociolinguistic study to preserve regional languages

This study uses a case study research method with a qualitative study design. The aims of the study were to find out the domains of Acehnese language shifts in Langsa and the reasons why Acehnese teenagers are shifting their language. Five districts in Langsa, one of the cities in Aceh, Indonesia, became the research location. They were Langsa Kota, Langsa Barat, Langsa Timur, Langsa Baroe and Langsa Lama. The respondents were Acehnese young adults within the age range of 18 to 21 years old. There were 10 respondents from each district, making a total of 50 respondents. The instruments used in this study were observations, a questionnaire, and interviews. Simple statistics were used to analyse the questionnaire, meanwhile the data analysis for the observations and interviews followed an interactive model from Miles and Huberman, namely: data reduction, data display, verification of data, and conclusions. The results showed that the domains of education (30 respondents) and of friendship (27 respondents had the largest number of shifters. Meanwhile, the family domain had the least shifts, so it was concluded that shifts rarely occurred in this domain. Finally, there are three fundamental factors that influenced the shift: environment, habitual usage, and choice of language.

The Profile of Acehnese Variation: Sociolinguistic Analysis

This descriptive study identifies the variation of Acehnese in sociolinguistic reviews by identifying the variations in terms of language spoken, usage, formality as well as a mean of communication. To understand the Acehnese variations in sociolinguistic reviews, a series of techniques were applied such as understanding the language spoken, reading the text, and speaking to the speaker of Acehnese. The results indicate that there are seven variations of the language in the perspective of speakers and six variations were identified in the Acehnese language, i.e. idiolect, dialect, sociolect, acrolect, basilect, and slang. While the crolect variation was not identified. In the perspective of language use, there are four variations with three identified; the variety of literature, journalism (non-productive), and a variety of scientific (non-productive). While the military variety is not identified. In the perspective of language formality, there are five variations i.e. frozen (non- productive) variety, official (unproductive) variety, consultative variety, casual variety, and familiar variety are all identified. In the perspective of means of communication, there are two variations, namely wide variety of oral and writing are both identified. The existence of identified and unidentified variations of language indicates that the language of Aceh has been abandoned by speakers.

Dance Ranup Lampuan: Exploration Genius Aceh Movement and Expression Female Body Beauty Values in Culture Peumulia Jamee

Dance Ranup Lampuan is a very popular art of dance in Aceh. This dance exists in every welcoming guests, ceremonies, cultural events, and arrive at a formal event Aceh administration. This article answered about the genius of the woman's body movements in Aceh and expression of beauty in cultural values Peumulia Jamee dance Ranup Lampuan. With a soft and agile movement, dance Ranup Lampuan tells about women in Aceh who are preparing the betel for entertaining guests. Starting from picking and wiping betel, put lime and gambier, wrapping up the betel organize into place named puan or ceurana. After betel has been prepared, the dancers in dance Ranup Lampuan betel deliver to the invited guests. The purpose of it all is to welcome and praise guests or in the Acehnese language is referred to as Peumulia Jamee. The story is played in the Acehnese dance, in the lift pass culture Jamee Peumulia that is the tradition Acehnese people who like to eat and glorify guests with betel. Every movements in dance Ranup Lampuan has its own philosophical meaning. Acehnese woman's body that is synonymous with weak and soft, as well as in demand to cling to their cultural values. In this case, the woman Aceh has an important position as a support pillar dance Ranup Lampuan and culture Peumulia Jamee Aceh. Dance Ranup Lampuan represetasi women is a manifestation of Aceh and cultural values Peumulia Jamee, as a form of expression of ideas, ideas, understanding and confidence in social and cultural life of the people of Aceh, as a reflection of religious and cultural values in tridisi welcoming guests. Through dance Ranup Lampuan this, the women of Aceh were able to show the genius of his movement and to express beauty in cultural values Peumulia Jamee Aceh.

THE SHIFT OF ACEHNESE LANGUAGE IN PULAU KAMPAI COMMUNITY, NORTH SUMATRA

This Study deals with “The Shift of Acehnese Language in Pulau Kampai Community”.The aims of this research are: (1) to obtain the reasons of language shifting that has happened in Pulau Kampai? (2).to find out what factors that caused shifting of Acehnese language in Pulau Kampai.This research use the qualitative descriptive, The Subject of research is the second generation of Acehnese community in Pulau Kampai. The Researcher found that the shifting pattern of Acehnese language among Acehnese community in Pulau Kampai is bilingual subordinate patterns that exist in the second stage. The Acehnese community (in this case, second generation) still uses Acehnese language predominantly but there are some new words that come from other languages that are used to replace some words in Acehnese.The shifting of Acehnese language happened caused by four factor that interconnected between one and the other. The four factors include (1). Migration (Acehnese community in Pulsu Kampai is a newcomers from the other areas, that are Beurenuen, Sigli, Tamiang and Aceh Timur, (2). Number of the speaker (Acehnese community is minority community, (3) Demographic, (Location of new area), and (4) Economic (a condition that requires Acehnese people to meet or join with other workers)caused a shifting of language.

Pragmemic Triggers in the Acehnese Commensality

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PENGGUNAAN SAPAAN BAHASA ACEH DALAM KELUARGA PADA MASYARAKAT ACEH

This study aims to investigate and to describe the forms of address in family in Acehnese language that are used by Acehnese people. This study is qualitative research and descriptive method is used. This research is done by three stages of activity. The three of activities are data provision, data analysis, and result of research. Techniques that were used in data collecting of the forms of address in family of Acehnese people are through observation partipation and free interview with Acehnese people who are assumed know Acehnese language and custom well. The result of study shows that: 1) there are the differences of address term among some dialects in Aceh, such as North Aceh dialect, Aceh Pidie dialect, Great Aceh dialect, and West Aceh dialect. They are the addresses for father, mother, grandfather, grandmother, brother, sister, the old brother of father or mother, the old sister of father or mother, the young brother of father or mother, and the young sister of father or mother; 2) there is the interference of Arabic Language on the term of addresses in family of Acehnese language, such as the use of term abi, abon, waled, and abu for father; ummi, mi (from ummi), mu (from ummu) for mother, jiddon for grandfather, and jiddah for grandmother; 3) there are terms of addresess that are used only in certain people in society (nobility) such the use of address word ampon (ampon, ampon bang, ampon yah, ampon cek).Keywords: Form of Address, Term of Addresss in family, Acehnese people

Changes in basic meanings from Proto-Austronesian to Acehnese

Changes in meaning or semantic changes are the area of diachronic linguistics. The Acehnese language is a derivative of the Proto-Austronesian (PAN) language that has had changes in the meaning of its lexicon that have become the object of this interesting study. It is aimed at explaining examples of changes in meaning in the Acehnese etynom based on four basic types of changes of meaning categorized according to Crowley and Bowern (2010). The data was taken from the English Finder list of Reconstruction in Austronesian Languages reconstructed (Wurm Wilson, 1975). The selected data from the results of this study was then confirmed by six native speakers’ expert in the actual use of the Acehnese language. The results showed that some original meanings from PAN have become broader, some narrower, some have bifurcated and some have shifted in meaning.

MINIMIZING CORRUPTION BY OPTIMIZING THE PRIVILEGE OF ACEH (Constitutional Perspective)

ABSTRACTEradication of corruption is one way to accelerate national development aimed at realizing justice, prosperity, and order for the Indonesian people as a whole based on Pancasila and 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Aceh has been positioned as a special regional government unit, which is a crystallization of the values contained in the local wisdom of the Acehnese people, such as upholding the principle of divinity in all social activities, including in the scope of local government that always adhere to romantic customs.The Essence of the foundation for preventing corruption, especially in Aceh, has been attempted by establishing organic regulations, such as Qanun (from Acehnese language means legislation). Substantially, however, the organic regulations are sometimes not directly addressed to the term of corruption. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate regulation as an effort to accommodate the eradication of criminal acts of corruption. On the same occasion, the synergy of customary institutions as the lowest level of local government unit becomes a necessity, especially Imeum Mukim (from Acehnese language means head of customary government). Imeum Mukim can serve as a locomotive to prevent corruption by strengthening his integrity and competence.The research method used is normative legal research. The type of data used is secondary data, consisting of primary legal material (various forms of legislation), secondary legal materials (data collection of scientific work of scholars and the results of the research relating to the privilege of Aceh Province), and tertiary legal materials (materials providing information on primary legal materials and secondary legal materials, such as dictionaries and encyclopedias). Once the data are collected and considered to be complete enough, the next step is to manage and analyze the data. Data analysis is conducted using qualitative data analysis technique.

Existence of Acehnese expression in culture of Indonesian speech community

The existence of the Acehnese expression in the culture of the Indonesian speech community is a sociolinguistic study. This study was aimed to describe the function of the Acehnese expression used by Indonesian speakers. Method of describing the existence of expression using qualitative approach of descriptive type. The Acehnese language expression data was collected from the informant using a note. The results of this study indicate that the Acehnese expression has a certain function in society so that the expression is used when communicating. The functions vary in order to establish loyalty, fairness, tranquility, and to maintain a balance of life. The Acehnese phrase exists in the Indonesian speaking community because it has a continuity between communication and its implementation in the life of society. The existence of this phrase is used as a social critique, guidance, and advice to strengthen unity and unity with in the framework of Indonesianc ulture. This expression exists for speakers of the Indonesian language because it contains the power of value that is a ble to educate speaker sunconsciously and thoroughly.

METAPHORS IN THE EX-GAM’S POLITICAL DISCOURSES DURING PRE-PUBLIC ELECTIONS IN ACEH

The Free Aceh Movement, locally called Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (GAM), developed several unique political discourses after having signed a peace accord with the Government of Indonesia (GoI) in Helsinki in 2005. The discourses created are metaphorical in Acehnese language, aimed to structure people’s mind and to be accepted and transformed into their actions that supported GAM during pre-public election post conflicts. However, research on analyzing the metaphors is scant. This research used Lakoff and Johnson’s (1980a, 1980b) conceptual metaphor and Fairclough’s framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to critically analyze the political discourses in order to unveil the meaning and their ideology position. The research shows the most commonly used metaphor was ELECTION IS A BATTLE. However, the currently used political metaphors are more persuasive, urging people to voluntarily come back to their political party, than previously used ones that seemed to strongly force people to be on their side.