Accessibility Conditions Research Articles

Investigation of channel state information conditions in VL-NOMA using power allocation technique for 6G network

Abstract This paper investigates the channel state information (CSI) conditions in visible light non-orthogonal multiple access (VL-NOMA) using the power allocation technique (PA) for a sixth-generation (6G) network. One light-emitting diode (LED) is used as a carrier to transmit the signal to three-user-positioned at certain distances. The challenge of allocating power to the system is solved using the PA technique. The PA technique uses to assign signal powers to the three users. The VL-NOMA channel with CSI symbols is synchronized for the performance of signal propagation. We deployed perfect CSI, imperfect CSI, and partial CSI to coordinate the signal enhancement that results in an improved data rate, higher channel capacity, and improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The synchronized system model guarantees successful signal enhancement where perfect CSI performs better than partial CSI and imperfect CSI. We have enabled interference plus noise to see how the system behaves. We notice low channel capacity region, low data rate performance, etc. Hence, we analyse the PA to determine the outage probability effect on the signal.

Juridical Review of Minimum Service Standards at Manggarai Station

Background. Manggarai Station is a large type A train station which is the busiest station. Manggarai Station is under construction and is divided into several stages. As a result of the change in the transit route, it causes passenger discomfort, which is poured on social media. Purpose. This study aims to evaluate the station's performance on changes in the transit route for train travel via the Manggarai station for passengers by the provisions of the applicable regulations. Method. The method used in this research is an empirical legal research study, which is a type of research study that seeks data directly from the field or looks at law in a real sense and studies how the law works in society.33 of 2011 Types, Classes, and Activities at Railway Stations and PM No 63 of 2019 concerning Minimum Service Standards for the Transport of People by Train. Results. The results obtained based on previous research with Importance Performance Analysis still show passenger dissatisfaction, and according to laws and regulations, the public as users of transportation services have the right to submit input related to rail transportation so that PT KCI can provide minimum service standards at stations consisting of security and safety, accurate information, ticket sales services, good condition of station facilities, accessibility, assistance and complaint services. Conclusion. In Ministerial Regulation No. 63 of 2019 concerning Minimum Service Standards for the Transport of People by Train, PT KCI is responsible for KRL passengers at the Manggarai train station and while traveling on the train. This research only discusses the responsibility of PT KCI in providing minimum service standards at manggarai station.

Prevalence of acanthosis Nigerians in patients with HIV infection and its relation with Metabolic Syndrome

According to International Diabetes Federation (IDF) prevalence of diabetes in India is 8.8%. Acanthosis Nigerians is one of the marker of insulin resistance which is easy to detect. There are not many studies which have correlated this ubiquitous clinical marker with metabolic syndrome and moreover there is no study on HIV positive patients: To study the prevalence of acanthosis Nigerians in patients with HIV-infection, attending ART clinic or admitted at a tertiary care centre and to study its relationship with metabolic syndrome.This is a cross sectional observational study done for 18 months including 300 patients. All patients with HIV-infection attending ART clinic or admitted were included in the study. Acanthosis Nigerians was found more in males as compared to females (15.35 vs 9.52%) though the difference was not statistically significant while metabolic syndrome was found in 12.7% of the patients. Comparative analysis of anthropometric data of metabolic syndrome patients with and without acanthosis Nigerians revealed larger waist circumference in patients with acanthosis Nigerians (85.44 vs 81.75) and it was statistically significant (p value 0.037). Sensitivity and specificity analysis of acanthosis Nigerians and metabolic syndrome revealed low sensitivity of acanthosis Nigerians in predicting presence of metabolic syndrome (17 %) and low positive predictive value (18.42 %). However it revealed high specificity (87.98 %) and a negative predictive value (86.97 %). Odds ratio of metabolic syndrome in presence of acanthosis Nigerians was 1.5. The CD4 count values were not significantly different in those with or without acanthosis Nigerians. The age, sex, duration of the therapy or the ART regimen did not statistically influenced occurance of acanthosis NigeriansAcanthosis Nigerians is a common and easily accessible dermatological condition. Increased waist circumference and waist hip ratio are strong predictors of acanthosis Nigerians. Acanthosis Nigerians can be used to predict occurrence of metabolic syndrome with high specificity and patients should be thoroughly evaluated for metabolic syndrome in its presence.

Determinants Influencing Cocoa Farmers’ Satisfaction with Input Credit in the Nawa Region of Côte d’Ivoire

Assessing farmers’ satisfaction with Input Credit (IC) is essential for agricultural modernization in Sub-Saharan African countries. Therefore, based on farmers’ socio-economics data, this study aimed to determine the potential factors influencing farmers’ satisfaction with IC. The data were collected through a questionnaire from a random sample of 311 farmers in the Nawa region of southwestern Côte d’Ivoire in November 2022. Farmers rated constraints in the use of IC on three main indicators: (1) availability of inputs, (2) accessibility, and (3) credit repayment conditions. In addition to the descriptive statistics, a logistic regression model was constructed to compute the results using Stata 17.0 software. The main findings of descriptive statistics showed that 61.97% of the farmers were dissatisfied with using IC, while 38.03% were satisfied. The results also indicated that about 61.15% of farmers were constrained by credit services for inputs, compared to 38.85%. The logistic regression results revealed that the factors that significantly influence farmers’ satisfaction were annual production required and the number of years (at 1%) of IC use, training programs for farmers, farm size, input price (at 10%), and age (at 5%). Accordingly, cacao production in Côte d’Ivoire still faces multiple and complex factors. So, the results provide practical implications for policymakers and innovators to support smallholder farmers in providing high-quality technology innovation adoption programs.

Promoting Accessibility and Inclusion: Analyzing Good Practices in Accessible Tourism in the Autonomous Region of Madeira

The concept of Accessible Tourism recognises that tourism is for everyone and, therefore, everyone should be able to enjoy tourism products and services. This concept not only translates into benefits for tourists, as it provides an improvement in the quality of life of the local population, who benefits from the creation of improved accessibility conditions. Promoting accessibility is a fundamental condition for the full exercise of citizenship rights enshrined in the Portuguese Constitution. Although there is growing awareness of the need to make spaces more accessible, translated into compliance with European guidelines and legal standards, there are still numerous gaps and examples of exclusion. The measures which are necessary to guarantee the enforcement of rights can be operationalised based on examples of good practices. In this sense, this paper analyses good practices of inclusion implemented in the Autonomous Region of Madeira. Even though these measures promote inclusion, it is still verified that they are insufficient to respond to the needs of citizens with disabilities, limitations or incapacity. Even so, it should be noted that Madeira has been increasingly strengthening its offer as an accessible

MANAGING THE ASSORTMENT OF THE MANUFACTURER`S CONSUMER GOODS

The article is devoted to certain aspects of the activities of product manufacturers in modern conditions - the development of recommendations for improving the management of the assortment of consumer goods. The stages of formation of a model for managing the assortment of a consumer goods manufacturer are defined, starting with the formation of an information base for management of the distribution policy, until the selection of the final strategy for managing the assortment of the enterprise. A study of the distribution channels of Kharkiv Meat Factory LLC and Kharkiv Dairy Factory PJSC shows that the main volume of products is sold through several intermediaries. At the same time, the increase in the final sale price is the result of the promotion of consumer goods through several intermediaries. It is proposed to reduce the chain of goods movement due to the creation of a joint distribution center by the manufacturer and the trade network. The process of modeling the company's assortment is very complex, which requires the use of a comprehensive approach. A comprehensive approach to the development of an assortment model consists in taking into account the elements of the company's assortment policy based on the application of heuristic methods of forecasting the sales volume of consumer goods, which predict the influence of external factors. Therefore, the article developed methodological recommendations for the construction of a management model for the process of forming the assortment of a consumer goods manufacturer as a system of theoretical and methodological views on understanding and defining the essence, content, goals, tasks, principles of forecasting sales volumes and distribution management methods, as well as organizational practical approaches to the formation of the mechanism of their implementation in the specific conditions of the operation of the enterprise. The proposed approach based on a flexible, competitive assortment model will allow to increase the competitiveness of domestic manufacturing enterprises and retail enterprises, which is absolutely necessary in the conditions of Ukraine's accession to the WTO.

Perceived image of accessible tourism destinations: a data mining analysis of Google Maps reviews

ABSTRACT While research into tourism and accessibility has significantly advanced over the past decade, the perceived image of Accessible Tourism Destinations (ATDs) has remained largely unexplored. This study addresses this gap by examining the perceived image of Aveiro (Portugal) and A Coruña (Spain) as exemplars of ATDs. In this investigation, we scrutinized 1,051 Online Travellers Reviews (OTRs) posted between 2016 to 2023 in Google Maps. We employed content analysis and text mining techniques using the RapidMiner software. The findings reveal a correlation between accessibility conditions and visitors’ satisfaction. Common concerns among travellers include the availability of parking spaces and adaptations for people with disabilities (PwD). Areas identified for improvement encompass information provision and signage. Further investigation is recommended to understand the factors influencing the increase in positive sentiments in Aveiro during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research presents a strategic framework for Destination Management Organisations (DMOs) to enhance the quality of the tourism offer while showcasing the potential of data mining within this field.

Analysis of the legal regulation of cryptocurrencies in Russia. Judicial practice of accounting for virtual money in bankruptcy

This article discusses the problem of legal regulation of cryptocurrencies in Russia. It is recommended to create the necessary regulatory conditions for such a financial instrument as cryptocurrencies. Attention is paid to the development of legislation in the field of the use of digital currency in Russia, not only in the direction of prohibition, but also in the direction of creating all the necessary accessible and legitimate conditions for the legitimate use of digital currency (cryptocurrencies) in Russia. The article also addresses the issue of the lack of uniform judicial practice, where cryptocurrency is the subject of dispute. The lack of legislative regulation of the cryptocurrency market in Russia affects the fair judicial protection of holders of crypto assets. The article also reveals the problem of including cryptocurrencies in the bankruptcy estate during the bankruptcy procedure of individuals. Both positive and negative judicial practice is given. As a result of the analysis, there is a positive developing trend, where the legislator in some legislative acts already defines digital currency as property, and also, in accordance with Article 128 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the qualification of cryptocurrencies as "other property" is given. Thus, with the active development of legislation on the use of digital currency, it is possible to introduce cryptocurrencies into the list of objects of civil rights, where judicial practice on this issue will become more uniform. The purpose and objective of this study is to identify the main problems of legal regulation of cryptocurrencies and ways to solve them in a timely manner through the prism of emerging Russian legislation and emerging judicial practice. The study used the method of analysis of regulatory legal acts, scientific articles and journals revealing the problems of legal regulation of cryptocurrencies in Russia, as well as the analysis of positive and negative judicial practice when using cryptocurrencies by individuals and legal entities. The result of the study is the need for the formation and development of legislation in the field of the use of cryptocurrencies in Russia.

GEOGRAPHIC ACCESSIBILITY ANALYSIS USING THE E2SFCA MODEL IN HOSPITALS LOCATED IN ARMENIA, QUINDÍO

This research applies the Enhanced Two-step Floating Catchment Area method to determine the accessibility conditions of to the health care network in an intermediate Colombian city. This research aims to evaluate the medical personnel supply concerning the geospatial position of health care services in Armenia, Colombia, considering the operational and geometric particularities of the private transportation network. As a method, the Enhanced Two-step Floating Catchment Area is proposed, complemented with socio-demographic analyses. The most important result is about the level of medical coverage for socioeconomic strata 1, 2, and 3, which are below the average established by the World Bank.

DETECTION OF THE SIGNALS OF THE TERRESTRIAL RADAR STATIONS BY SPACECRAFT WITH A PASSIVE SYNTHESIS OF THE ANTENNA APERTURE

Context is due to the need to analyze the electromagnetic accessibility of terrestrial radio radiation sources at long distances, which is typical for the operation of a spacecraft of radio technical intelligence with a passive synthesis of the antenna aperture.
 Objective is to calculate the probability indicators of detecting the fact of signal emission of ground-based radar stations using radio-technical intelligence installed on a space carrier.
 Method. Analytical calculation of the correct detection probability of the signal of the radio radiation sources by the spacecraft of radio technical intelligence based on the determination of the signal-to-noise ratio at the input of the detection device. The analysis of the technical characteristics of the group of ground radars made it possible to calculate the probability of correct detection only for the virtual radar, which generates the minimum number of pulses with the minimum energy during reconnaissance among all the analyzed radars.
 Results. The fulfillment of the conditions of electromagnetic accessibility is checked and the correct detection probability of the signals of modern radar stations by the space radio-technical intelligence system with a passive synthesis of the antenna aperture was calculated.
 Conclusion. Proposed use of the correct detection probability of the signal as the resulting indicator of electromagnetic accessibility of the radio radiation source. In the example radar stations of the air defense proved, that the proposed parameters of the space radio technical intelligence system with a passive synthesis of the antenna aperture provide the values of the correct detection probability of the signal, which are quite acceptable for modern monitoring systems.

Strategies to improve destination accessibility: The Case of Vieira do Minho

This paper makes a critical analysis of the accessibility, especially for people with reduced mobility, of the most relevant tourist resources in the town of Vieira do Minho, a municipality belonging to the district of Braga, located in the Northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. The research presented here aims to increase the quality of local tourist attractions, presenting strategies aimed at improving the accessibility of these attractions by people with reduced mobility. It is also intended to answer the following research questions: (1) how accessible are the tourist resources in Vieira do Minho? (2) What are the conditions offered by the various points of tourist interest in the village of Vieira do Minho? (3) What are the barriers that prevent people with reduced mobility from enjoying tourism in this destination? (4) What strategies can be implemented in the various points of tourist interest to enhance accessibility for all people? The methodology used was the structured observation of accessibility conditions in the main cultural spaces, green spaces, gardens, accommodation and restaurants in Vieira do Minho. It is therefore a matter of systematically observing and recording a set of previously established categories. The results of the investigation make it clear that the municipality of Vieira do Minho is on the right path to become, in the near future, a fully accessible destination for people with reduced mobility. Nevertheless, the present investigation detected some gaps, namely in leisure parks, accommodation units, municipal swimming pools, exhibition houses, among others. In order to become a destination of excellence, in terms of accessible tourism, Vieira do Minho will still have to make some improvements to the tourist offer it has, such as installing ramps and elevators, but also improving the quality of the floors in the tourist resources mentioned in this project.

Conditionalities in International Organization Accession Processes: Spreading Business and Human Rights Norms in Central and Eastern Europe?

AbstractGovernments sometimes adopt policies that are not aligned with their preferences or have not come onto their agendas when doing so is linked to a reward. International organizations can therefore set conditions for coveted membership that include adopting new human rights and regulatory policies. As international organizations increasingly converge around the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, how might they promote national uptake of these guidelines? This article considers the prospects of accession conditionality in answering this question. The focus of the article is on European Union and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) expansion in Central and Eastern Europe, where uptake of business and human rights policies remains comparatively low. The article argues that while these organizations increasingly include business and human rights conditionalities in accession negotiations, there remains significantly greater scope for promoting the Guiding Principles.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Internet Addiction Among Male Students of Jubail University College, Saudi Arabia

This study aims to determine the associated factors and prevalence of Internet addiction among Jubail University College – Male Branch students. Descriptive cross-sectional method was applied. 171 students participated. Self-administered survey questionnaire was the data-gathering instrument. Young's Internet Addiction Test was used to determine the level of internet usage. Factors associated with high internet consumption are accessibility, boredom, isolation, and extreme weather condition. Covid-19 pandemic changed the way respondents consume internet. It also changed the respondents' sleeping pattern and increases the average internet usage per day. Though the internet played a vital role during Covid-19 pandemic, it also increases the dependency of students on it. Higher number of moderate level internet addiction has been found among respondents. Therefore, it is encouraged that JUC should design a program to address the current situation.

Acquisition of Photogrammetric Data Using Uav – Case Study: Bistriţa Limestone Quarry, Vâlcea

Abstract Through this paper the project team aimed to demonstrate the utility and feasibility of using flights and photogrammetric methods in surface mining in mountainous areas. Thus, in the first part of the paper, the working principles, the applied methodology, the criteria for selecting the methodology, and the necessary resources are presented, and later the results obtained from the case study from the limestone quarry in Bistrița, Vâlcea are presented. At the same time, the environmental, relief and accessibility conditions in the mining perimeters were identified and practical recommendations were issued regarding the execution of a photogrammetric data acquisition flight in the surface mining operations in the mountain area. This paper indicates risk factors identified in quarries in the mountain area and offers practical solutions to avoid them.

"Something very taboo": a qualitative exploration of beliefs, barriers, and recommendations for improving mental health care and access for Hispanic adults in the Paso del Norte U.S.-Mexico border region.

Hispanic adults with mental health conditions in the United States experience disproportionate access to and utilization of professional mental health treatment. This is believed to be in part due to systemic barriers and challenges, difficulty accessing care, cultural factors, and stigma. Studies to date have failed to examine these specific factors within the unique context of the Paso del Norte U.S.-Mexico border region. For this study, 25 Hispanic adults identifying primarily of Mexican descent participated in four focus groups exploring these topics. Three groups were facilitated in Spanish and one group in both English and Spanish. Focus groups followed a semi-structured format eliciting perspectives on mental health and mental illness, help-seeking, barriers and facilitators of help-seeking and treatment access, and recommendations for mental health agencies and providers. Qualitative data analysis yielded the following themes: understanding of mental health and help-seeking; barriers to accessing care; mental health treatment facilitators; and recommendations for agencies, providers, and researchers. Findings from this study support the need for innovative mental health engagement strategies to reduce stigma, increase understanding of mental health, foster support systems, reduce individual and systemic barriers to seeking and accessing care, and to continue to engage communities in mental health outreach and research.

Understanding how individuals perceive changes in the built environment and the transport system after implementing a BRT system. The case of Barranquilla, Colombia

Implementing a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) may impact travel patterns and the activity systems in its surroundings. Such impacts include land-use and environmental changes, capitalisation of land value, and mobility improvements. Even though the literature reports the above impacts extensively, there is a need for more research to understand individual perceptions about these impacts, which may differ geographically and influence the usage level and the acceptance of transportation systems. This paper contributes to filling this gap by assessing how respondents perceive changes in the transport system and the built environment after implementing Transmetro, the BRT system of the Metropolitan Area of Barranquilla, Colombia. The study uses a Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approach to analyse data from 305 surveys collected in low-income neighbourhoods, including a treatment sub-sample with access and a control sub-sample without access to the BRT. The results suggest an overall positive perception of change in the urban environment after the Transmetro implementation; however, individuals without access to the BRT have an even more positive perception of its impacts than individuals inside the influence area. The perception of the BRT impacts correlates with the perception regarding urban environment changes at the neighbourhood level. Finally, we found that socioeconomics, travel, and accessibility conditions strongly influence the system's impact perceptions.

Health, Wellness, and Happiness: A Demand Analysis

Wellness Tourism is one of the most promising niche markets within the tourism field worldwide, assuming a recognized role in the global tourist scenario. In socio-demographic terms, it is related to some of the major contemporary international trends and is intrinsically related to population ageing and the increase in life expectancy. That has a set of consequences to tourist phenomena, based on the demand for unique and true experiences and products, that include health services, mainly in tourist destinations with more accessible costs, with infrastructure and natural conditions conducive to well-being. This paper analyses the contribution of Health and Wellness Tourism in the improvement of Happiness levels of the ones who experience these kinds of services. In this research, the analysis is focused on the demand side, considering health and wellness users and tourists in Portugal, providing a sociodemographic characterization, observing their travel behaviour, assessing their satisfaction with the health and wellness experience, and the levels of happiness obtained. The results demonstrate the potential of health and wellness tourism on the contribution to the happiness of users, according to their different profiles. It also evidences the impact of the frequency of use of this type of service on the improvement of happiness levels. Theoretical and practical implications for the development of health and wellness tourism from a marketing perspective are provided, complemented with a set of proposals for future research.

From Being Literate about Health to Becoming Capable of Achieving Health: Health literacy capabilities of Zimbabwean school youth

Food security is an enduring sustainability challenge in the Southern African region. Food availability, accessibility and affordability have profound health impacts and affect the quality of life of a substantial proportion of the world’s population. This article aims to explore, together with students in educational settings, questions about the relationships between food and health, including the contextual conditions of food availability, accessibility and affordability. This provides opportunities to re-embody food by contextualising it as part of natural and built environments, thus engaging with how challenges of human health intersect with animal and environmental health. The research centres on co-creating knowledge with youth based on their valued beings and doings about health and considers how their health goals relate to food and the sustainability challenges of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). By considering how youths’ understandings, evaluations and decisions regarding health, including setting health goals, intersect with the determinants of food, we come to consider their health literacy capabilities to achieve nonpredetermined health goals that align with their valued beings and doings. As such, the implementation gap between knowing and doing is bridged through practices of health and well-being contextually grounded in the lives and experiences of the student youth.
 Keywords: health literacy, health education, capabilities approach, antimicrobial resistance, knowledge co-creation

From Being Literate about Health to Becoming Capable of Achieving Health: Health literacy capabilities of Zimbabwean school youth

Food security is an enduring sustainability challenge in the Southern African region. Food availability, accessibility and affordability have profound health impacts and affect the quality of life of a substantial proportion of the world’s population. This article aims to explore, together with students in educational settings, questions about the relationships between food and health, including the contextual conditions of food availability, accessibility and affordability. This provides opportunities to re-embody food by contextualising it as part of natural and built environments, thus engaging with how challenges of human health intersect with animal and environmental health. The research centres on co-creating knowledge with youth based on their valued beings and doings about health and considers how their health goals relate to food and the sustainability challenges of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). By considering how youths’ understandings, evaluations and decisions regarding health, including setting health goals, intersect with the determinants of food, we come to consider their health literacy capabilities to achieve nonpredetermined health goals that align with their valued beings and doings. As such, the implementation gap between knowing and doing is bridged through practices of health and well-being contextually grounded in the lives and experiences of the student youth.
 Keywords: health literacy, health education, capabilities approach, antimicrobial resistance, knowledge co-creation

Measuring accessibility of movement challenged persons during earthquake evacuation of Dhaka City, Bangladesh: A participatory GIS-Based approach

Although evaluation of the accessibility of people with disability (PWDs) is necessary to design effective transportation policy measures to ensure better mobility for PWDs, little empirical research are available on this subject. This study thus aims to address this gap by developing a methodological framework and applying this framework to assessing the accessibility of earthquake evacuation routes for people with movement-related disabilities (PMDs), one type of PWDs, in the city of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Specifically, this comprehensive accessibility index is composed of four components including accessibility from home to shelter, perceived accessibility of evacuation route, accessibility of entrance of the shelter, perceived accessibility of internal circular space and entrance of the residential building. Participatory GIS approach is employed in the data collection 455 PMDs were surveyed from 13 wards of Dhaka. Accessibility of each considered parameter and the overall indicator are poor in most cases. 45.2% of the wards are found to have relatively poor conditions of overall accessibility during evacuation. Relations of various accessibility components with socio-economic factors and level of disability are examined as well. PMDs with higher levels of disabilities and older PMDs perceive lower accessibilities of evacuation routes, circulation space, and entrance gate of residence, while male and more educated PMDs perceive circular space and entrance gate of residence to be more accessible.